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“Waist-Belt Wrestling” As a National and International Kind of Sport

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“Waist-Belt Wrestling” As a National and International Kind of Sport THE RUSSIAN JOURNAL OF PHYSICAL EDUCATION AND SPORT (Pedagogical-Psychological and Medico-Biological Problems of Physical Culture and Sports), Volume 13 No.3 2018 ISSN 2070 4798 DOI 10.14526/2070-4798-2018-13-3-41-49 “WAIST-BELT WRESTLING” AS A NATIONAL AND INTERNATIONAL KIND OF SPORT Kuznetsov A.A.1, Mulyukova I.V.2 1Federal State Budgetary Educational Establishment of Higher Education “Naberezhnye Chelny State Pedagogical University” Russia, Naberezhnye Chelny, [email protected] 2Municipal Autonomous Establishment of Additional Education “Sports School for Children and Teen-Agers “Vityaz” Russia, Naberezhnye Chelny, [email protected] Annotation. The urgency of traditional waist-belt wrestling analysis is mainly conditioned by the increased interest of population in national culture, by the desire to avoid industrial monotony in everyday life. In this connection the problem consideration will contribute to cultural-national heritage preservation and revival, to cultural-restoring and educational problems solution. Material. The importance of the research is also conditioned by cognitive and practical interest in ethnographic and historical models strengthening and ethnicity preservation. The methodological base of the research work is a complex approach. It provides cognitive abilities of different sources use, which describe waist-belt wrestling and also its many-sided study. Research methods: scientific and methodical literature analysis, comparison, historic analogy method. Results. Modern system of waist-belt wrestling understanding underlines its increasing and many-sided role in society. Waist-belt wrestling fulfills several socially-set functions, and first of all, the function of International nations unity, which have different culture, traditions and other things. Conclusion. Waist-belt wrestling combines similar according to techniques and Code of Points kinds of waist- belt wrestling, existing for many years among many nationalities of the world. Waist-belt wrestling development in Russia, CIS countries and in Eurasian cooperation countries corresponds with the interests of international connections development, provides countries and nationalities unity, international and interreligious dialogue development, peace and harmony strengthening in society. Keywords: waist-belt wrestling, national, International, sport. For quotation: Kuznetsov A.S., Mulyukova I.V. “Waist-belt wrestling” as a national and international kind of sport. The Russian Journal of Physical Education And Sport (Pedagogical- Psychological And Medico-Biological Problems of Physical Culture And Sport). 2018; 13(3): 33- 38. DOI 10.14526/2070-4798-2018-13-3-41-49. Waist-belt wrestling is one of the most silver jars from the town on the river Ob in ancient kinds of sport. It is underlined in Tyumen region. ancient manuscripts, documents and different Waist-belt wrestling was popular not historical art monuments. Archaeologists only among Turkic nations. This kind of sport found petroglyphic drawings, which showed is popular almost on all territory of modern waist-belt wrestling in different parts of the Europe. In each nation waist-belt wrestling Earth – in Central America, Africa, Europe, has its specificity and own name. Asia. Waist-belt wrestling combined Millennial history of wrestling is also everything interesting, original from folk proved by most valuable art monuments of kinds of wrestling. the eastern group of nomads of the IIIrd and The Slavs took the tradition of waist- the Ist centuries AD. For example, the scene belt wrestling from Turkic nations. This kind of a struggling pair is presented on two of wrestling was mainly popular in the South bronze shields from Ordos, China and on of Russia, in Povolzhye, in Southern Ural 33 THE RUSSIAN JOURNAL OF PHYSICAL EDUCATION AND SPORT (Pedagogical-Psychological and Medico-Biological Problems of Physical Culture and Sports), Volume 13 No.3 2018 ISSN 2070 4798 Range, In Western Siberia and in the south of towns. Every year the territory of holding the Ukraine. All Turkic warriors improve Sabantuy increases. It is held in the capital of their battlecraft through the methodology and Russia – Moscow and other towns of the techniques of waist-belt wrestling. With the Russian Federation, such as Saint-Petersburg, settled way of life development men put on a Vladivostok, Saratov, Chelyabinsk and others. belt or kushak. The opponents got closer, The holiday is held in near-abroad countries- getting hold of their kushak, tried to grab the Latvia, Uzbekistan and others, and far abroad- opponent closer and pull out the kushak Turkey. throwing it on the ground. It means that horse In Moscow the first departmental soldiers’ fight was reproduced. Sabantuy was held in August, 12 in 1934. Till In Russia waist-belt wrestling 1940 Moscow Sabantuy was held in preserved mainly among Tatars and Bashkirs. “Neskuchnyi Sad”. Since 1940 till 1988 In terms of epochs change kushak (belt) Sabantuy in Moscow wasn’t held. Since 1989 disappeared from wrestling of Tatars and the tradition of holding Moscow Sabantuy is Bashkirs. Then a white towel appeared. renewed. Since 1989 till 2002 Sabantuy was Putting the arms round each other with the held in Izmaylovskiy park, Moscow, starting towel, wrestlers got to know, who was the since 2003. Moscow Sabantuy is held in strongest. The earliest record of waist-belt horse-racing complex “Bitsa”. The central wrestling among Russians was in memoirs of event of each Sabantuy is a traditional Orlov landlord N.I. Tolubeev. The first national wrestling. In 2006 70 sportsmen from known pictures of waist-belt wrestling are Moscow and the regions, Bashkortostan, also dated the same time period: wrestling can Tatartstan, Karachaevo-Chercessia and the be seen in the Russian Museum in the picture Ryazan region took part in Sabantuy. The of I. Shchedrovskiy, created in 1837. competitions were held in three weigh Travelling over Russia in XVIII century categories: till 75 kg, till 85 kg and more than academician I. Lepekhin underlined in his 85 kg. The title of an absolute wrestler tried to records that during the combat wrestlers “take get Afonin and Khayapov. According to the each other not by the scruff of the neck, but points 3-2 the winner was Afonin from by kushak and use ordinary grips during the Moscow, the student of Moscow Academy of combat”. Physical Culture. He got the main prize, a car. Later wrestling transformed into Wrestling maidan (territory) of holiday competitions. During the national Sabantuy nowadays, the same as it was holidays waist-belt wrestling is the main earlier, attracts a lot of spectators and national holiday program. A national holiday participants, preserves traditions of the “Sabantuy” (saban-a plow; tuy-wedding) is holiday itself and a national wrestling. held on the territory of Russia and on the Competitions during Sabantuy, territories, where Tatars live. The holiday, championships, festivals and during different which symbolizes the end of spring sowing tournaments nowadays are held according to time, with different kinds of amusement and generally adopted rules. Wrestling combats wrestling competitions. The final moment of during Sabantuy are held according to the holiday is choosing the batyr (the adopted waist-belt wrestling competition strongest man) of Sabantuy. Arabian traveller theses, where the following things are Akhmad Ibn Fadlan, who visited Volga discussed: weight categories, technical actions Bulgaria in 992 and Abu Khamid AL-Garnati, estimation, forbidden techniques and others. who was there in 1131, left their records Thus, waist-belt wrestling can be concerning this national holiday and the considered one of the most ancient kinds of wrestlers-pakhlevans (bogatyr). sport, which originated owing to ancient During post-Soviet period Sabantuy in Turkish peoples. Valuable information Tatarstan, Bashkortostan, as it was earlier, is concerning the geography and place of waist- held everywhere in villages, regions and belt wrestling in the life of Turkish tribes we 34 THE RUSSIAN JOURNAL OF PHYSICAL EDUCATION AND SPORT (Pedagogical-Psychological and Medico-Biological Problems of Physical Culture and Sports), Volume 13 No.3 2018 ISSN 2070 4798 can find in the works of Makhmud working zone. Its’ width is 1 meter. The area Kashkagari, a well-known historian and behind the “passiveness zone” is called scientists. His works are dated XI century “defensive zone” and its’ width should be 1,5- new era. In his work «Devonu lugatit turk» 2,0 meters. The corner, which is on the left of Kashkagari offers the following: “They, the mat manager’s table is green, the corner, grasping their sleeves, swing the opponent which is on the left of the table is blue. from side to side, in order to make him lose The methodology and tactics of his balance and stretch on the mat” [2]. teaching wrestling had its own peculiarities Waist-belt wrestling fell into decay in during ancient times. For most boys the first the end of the 50-s- at the beginning of the teacher of national wrestling was their close 60-s of the past century, when wrestling (one relative: a father, elder brothers. Famous in of the most interesting kinds of sport) was the region wrestlers taught children wrestling under control of three federations: classical conduct tactics. As well as in other kinds of (Greco-Roman wrestling), free-style wrestling competitions, waist-belt wrestling had its own and sambo. During this period waist-belt etiquette and rules of combat conduct. wrestling rules were adapted to the rules of Modern rules of waist-belt wrestling Greco-Roman wrestling and it changed differ from traditional rules. For example, the greatly the essence of the most ancient kind of ritual of greeting wrestlers before the combat wrestling. Traditional style was presented originated in ancient times, which is reflected only in one thing, which is the belt [1].Also a in traditions of Turkish nation. national wrestling suppression influenced The ritual of greeting in time course culture of Sabantuy: national dressing gowns became typical for wrestlers-batyrs, who started to disappear, there appeared naked to greeted each other before the combat with the the waist wrestlers.
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