Noise Assessment in Various Zones of South Delhi
Total Page:16
File Type:pdf, Size:1020Kb
Syed Farogh Ahmad Jami Journal of Engineering Research and Application w.ijera.com ISSN : 2248-9622 Vol. 9,Issue 6 (Series -III) June 2019, pp 15-23 RESEARCH ARTICLE OPEN ACCESS Noise Assessment in Various Zones of South Delhi Syed Farogh Ahmad Jami1, S. Khursheed Ahmad2, Ghanshyam 3 1M. Tech Student, Department of Civil Engineering, Alfalah University, Dhauj, Faridabad 2Professor, Department of Civil Engineering, Alfalah University, Dhauj, Faridabad, India 3Lecturer (Selection Grade), Aryabhat Institute of Technology, G.T. Karnal road, Delhi, India Corresponding Author: Syed Farogh Ahmad Jami ABSTRACT The increase in noise levels is resulting from combination of different sources, which causes adverse health impacts on out health such as risk of hypertension and heart disease, psychological stress and annoyance and sleepiness disease in adults. By Considering the excess of problems and its significance, it becomes very important to monitor noise level on routine basis to plan its mitigative measures. In this study, the noise levels have been monitored and identified at various zones of South Delhi. In this study South Delhi has been divided into four different zones viz. Industrial Zone (Okhla Industrial Area), Commercial Zone (Nehru Place), Residential Zone (Shaheen Bagh) and Sensitive Zone (Apollo Hospital). Every zone sub-divided into three locations for noise monitoring and analysis. The noise levels have been monitored using SL-4001 Sound Level meter from 9:00AM to 9:00PM. Noise levels have been monitored in every zone at identified three different locations for day time (12 hours). Its results and analysis are showing the noise levels of sensitive zone are alarming; however, the Industrial locations noise level is touching the prescribed close to permissible limits in day time. The noise levels monitored in commercial zone as well as residential zones observed to be exceeding prescribed / permissible limits in day time and sensitive zones were found to be alarming in compare to permissible limits during day time (9:00 am morning to 9:00 pm evening). Keywords: Noise levels, Monitoring, Industrial, Commercial, Residential, Sensitive, Day time ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- --------- Date of Submission: 21-06-2019 Date of Acceptance: 05-07-2019 ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- ---------- I. INTRODUCTION The findings of this review search and analysis I this modern era due to the development observe that very little studies are available relating and urbanization noise become the major source of to traffic noise and health impacts. In review of pollution of the world, development in technology, different papers showed that the noise level causing commerce, communication and education has by road traffic is major annoyance to a variety of enhanced the urban growth both in developed and degree among the respondents. Centre for Science developing countries coursing noise pollution, Environment, Delhi (2011) has confirmed that which defined as ‘unwanted sound’, is perceived as New Delhi is the loudest city in India. The level of an environmental stressor and nuisance. Increasing noise in the streets can go above 100 decibels, noise exposure in most cities is considered a serious which is several times louder than Singapore. problem today and, high focus is currently According to studies, the average age of citizens in concentrated into monitoring and calculating the New Delhi are 10 years older in terms of hearing, actual noise exposure levels to understand the size of which means they are at greater risk of losing their the actual problem. Noise is a prominent feature of hearing in their 50s or early 60s. Mohan (2000) the environment including noise from construction, studied traffic noise and community response of traffic, transport, industry and communication inhabitants living near an arterial road in New sources. Delhi. In this study it was reported that up to the The studies related to noise monitoring distance of 30 m from the road the people residing and assessment have also been reviewed and are more affected due to traffic noise. Agarwal and presented in the subsequent sections which covers Swami (2011) studied the impact of noise near sounds and impact of noise, it includes road traffic roadside in Jaipur city, his survey reported about noise, commercial noise, Industrial Noise as one of 52% of subjects were suffering from frequent the main sources of environmental pollution. Most irritation, 46% had hypertension, and 48.6% impact studies have been associated with reported difficulties in sleep due to traffic noise and annoyance and attitudinal surveys only. Little that female subjects were more sensitive toward scientific literature exists related to effects of traffic noise related health problems. Wani and Jaiswal noise on human physiology in the Indian context. (2010) studied traffic noise and subjective www.ijera.com DOI: 10.9790/9622- 0906031523 15 | P a g e Syed Farogh Ahmad Jami Journal of Engineering Research and Application w.ijera.com ISSN : 2248-9622 Vol. 9,Issue 6 (Series -III) June 2019, pp 15-23 community response in the Gwalior city. it was measures of traffic noise. The all above reviews of reported that 50% of the subjects were always the Literature shows the noise level measurement is annoyed and 33% had a constant headache for very important for minimizing/control noise levels speech interference, 43% subjects reported highly from identified sources. So, the given study was affected, 21% moderately affected, 32% low, and aiming to identify / monitor the noise level at 4% least affected. According to Rao and Rao different time of the day follows the various (1992) carried out noise pollution studies and categories of land use like industrial, commercial, community survey in the city of Visakhapatnam. residential and silence zone of South Delhi and Dasarathy (2015) reported that presence of noise encouraging its mitigation measures as well and pollution in the traffic, construction sites, flour control measures subsequently. mills, etc., and its seriousness major disturbance by loudspeakers and automobiles is felt by age groups II. METHODOLOGY of 20-40 years somewhat lesser than other groups. 2.1 Site Description: Jyoti and Dahiya (2011) described that traffic South Delhi is a main and most crowded related noise pollution accounts for nearly two- area of Delhi Capital having emergence of hot spot third of the total noise pollution in an urban area. for different Industrial belt and different Noise, Harman (1973) summarized the results of construction industries are manufacturing goods for a noise surveyed and recommended for situations open marker, multipurpose commercial markets where the prediction formulas are not workable. like Nehru place is a famous hub of IT goods and Oakes (1973) reviewed and described use of software material hub of India were different types curbsides measurements is justified for congested of Computer, Computer parts, software, both urban situations where the interference from software and hardware are available, In residential pedestrians and the obstruction caused by the area popular VIP’s colony like New friends colony measuring and recording equipment can present having houses of VIP’s living in Delhi, In silence serious problems. Delany (1976) has organized an zone famous hospitals like Apollo Hospital, Scot improved procedure for prediction of noise levels Heart Hospital, Holy family Hospital, Educational L10 from road traffic. Ko (1978) informed an Institute Like Jamia Millia Islamia University and extensive results of traffic noise measurement and New friends colony Children school are selected divided into three categories: first is enclosed sites, for study area. The sites was selected according to 2nd is semi-enclosed sites and third one is open Noise sensitivity zones and were covered as sites. The differences were found in the sound Industrial zone, Commercial Zone, Residential pressure levels as L10, L50 and L90 and its zone and silence zone were noise is very high and standard deviations were obtaining at the enclosed causing disturbance due to activities going on site, semi-enclosed and open sites. Mulholland nearby. Four different land use were distributed and (1977) describe the development of means of using identified for noise level measurement and its a scale model of a road and its surrounding urban analysis given in (Table-1 and Fig-1) environment to predict Leq, L10 and other Table 1: Description of various Categories of land at South Delhi S. No Zone Location Latitude (North) Longitude (East) 1 Industrial zone Okhla Industrial Area 28.52′ 77° 27′ 2 Commercial zone Nehru Place 28° 51″ 77° 25″ 3 Residential zone Shaheen Bagh 28◦55′ 77.29″ 4 Silence zone Apollo Hospital 28° 56′ 77° 27′ www.ijera.com DOI: 10.9790/9622- 0906031523 16 | P a g e Syed Farogh Ahmad Jami Journal of Engineering Research and Application w.ijera.com ISSN : 2248-9622 Vol. 9,Issue 6 (Series -III) June 2019, pp 15-23 Fig 1: Location Maps of South Delhi showing all four zones 2.2 Noise Monitoring Instrument zones each zone’s sound level data were collected The sound level meter is used for acoustic for 12 hours. Noise measurements were done at 3m (sound that travels through air) measurements. It is from road side on an elevation of 130cm above the a common handy noise sampler with a small