DOCSLIB.ORG

Erosion, Sediment Discharge, and Channel Morpholoy in the Upper

Total Page：16

File Type：pdf, Size：1020Kb

Download full-text PDF Read full-text
Erosion, Sediment Discharge, and Channel Morpholoy in the Upper Erosion, Sediment Discharge, and Channel Morpholoy in the Upper Chattahoochee iver Basin, Georgia Erosion, Sediment Discharge, and Channel Morphology in the Upper Chattahoochee River Basin, Georgia With a discussion of the Contribution of Suspended Sediment to Stream Quality By R. E. FAYE, W. P. CAREY, J. K. STAMER, and R. L. KLECKNER GEOLOGICAL SURVEY PROFESSIONAL PAPER 1107 UNITED STATES GOVERNMENT PRINTING OFFICE, WASHINGTON : 1980 UNITED STATES DEPARTMENT OF THE INTERIOR CECIL D. ANDRUS, Secretary GEOLOGICAL SURVEY H. William Menard, Director Library of Congress Cataloging in Publication Data Main entry under title: Erosion, sediment discharge, and channel morphology in the Upper Chattahoochee River Basin, Georgia, with a discussion of the contribution of suspended sediment to stream quality. (Geological Survey professional paper ; 1107) "Open-file report 78-576." Bibliography: p. Supt. of Docs, no.: I 19.16:1107 1. Erosion Chattahoochee River watershed. 2. Sediment transport Chattahoochee River watershed. 3. Chattahoochee River Channel. I. Faye, R. E. II. Series: United States. Geological Survey. Profes­ sional paper ; 1107. QE571.E783 551.3 78-27110 For sale by the Superintendent of Documents, U.S. Government Printing Office Washington, D.C. 20402 Stock Number 024-001-3305-4 CONTENTS Page Page Metric conversion table _______ — ___ V Watershed and channel morphology—Continued Definition of terms ____________ — _ vi Overland flow length ____ —— —— -- ——— -- — -- 26 Abstract ____________ — ______ — __ 1 Erosion and sediment discharge __ ————————————— 28 Introduction ___________ — ____ — ___ 1 Description of environmental factors _____ — ---- 28 Acknowledgments ___ — ________ 1 Land use _______ — _- — - — ----- ———- 28 Description of the problem ____ 1 Soils and topography _____ —— ____-___—_ — 30 Units of measurement _________ 2 Erosion _________-____-_---------------—----- 37 50 Description of study area _________ 2 Sediment discharge ___-__-__--_-------——-— Suspended sediment ___ — - —— — — ___ — 51 Physiography and topography _ 2 Average annual suspended-sediment dis­ Climate _____________________ 4 charge _____---__--____------—-—-- 52 Land use and vegetation ______ 6 Mechanics of suspended-sediment trans­ Dahlonega Plateau ________ 6 port _____-_--_--_------—-—--—— 55 Atlanta Plateau ________ 8 Unmeasured and bed sediment _ — ___ — ____ 58 Geology and soils _____________ 9 Description and source ____ — _ — __-_ — 58 Network description __________ 10 Computation ___________-__--- — — -- — 59 Collection and analysis of water data 10 Transport curves ___________—__—__— 59 Water-data stations ___________ 10 Average annual discharge ___________ — 63 Water-quality data ____________ 11 Delivery ratios ___ — ___________ — __________ — _____ 66 Streamflow data __ ________ 12 Management implications of erosion and sediment dis­ The stream system ________________ 12 charge data ____________------_----—-_---_—-__ 68 Channel characteristics ________ 12 Contribution of suspended sediment to stream quality 72 Flow characteristics ___________ 13 Turbidity _____________________ — — — —— 72 Streamflow hydrographs ___ 13 Chemical quality _____________________ — — — -- 75 Flow durations ___________ 13 Management implications of chemical-quality data __ 80 Watershed and channel morphology 18 Summary _____________-__---_-----_-____------ — - 82 Stream-order analysis _________ 18 Selected references _____________________ — _____ — 84 ILLUSTRATIONS Page FIGURE 1. Map showing area and location of water-data stations ___________ 3 2. Map showing long-term average annual precipitation _____________ 6 3. Map showing long-term average annual air temperature ________ 7 4. Generalized geology of study area _________________________ 9 5. Channel characteristics at: A. Chestatee River near Dahlonega _______ ______________ 14 B. Big Creek near Alpharetta ___________ ____________ 14 C. Chattahoochee River at Atlanta ________ _____________ 14 D. Peachtree Creek at Atlanta _________ ______________ 15 E. Chattahoochee River near Fairburn ______ _____________ 15 6. Graphs showing mean daily streamflow and daily precipitation at: A. Chestatee River near Dahlonega _______ ______________ 16 B. Big Creek near Alpharetta _________________________ 16 C. Chattahoochee River at Atlanta _______ ____________ 17 D. Peachtree Creek at Atlanta _________ _________. 17 7. Flow duration curves at: A. Chestatee River near Dahlonega _______________________ 20 B. Big Creek near Alpharetta __________________________ 20 C. Chattahoochee River at Atlanta ______________________ 21 D. Peachtree Creek at Atlanta _________ ______________ 21 in IV CONTENTS Page 8-15. Graphs showing: 8. Relation of number of channels to stream order _________ — -___ ——— _ — — — ———— 23 9. Relation of average drainage area to stream order _______ — ___ —— _____ —— —— — — 23 10. Relation of average channel length to stream order ____ ———— - ———— ——————————— - 23 11. Relation of cumulative average channel length to stream order ——————_—————————— 23 12. Relation of average channel drop to stream order _________ —— ———— ____———————— 23 13. Relation of cumulative average channel drop to stream order —————————————————— 24 14. Relation of average channel slope to stream order ————————————————————————— 24 15. Relation of average drainage area to cumulative average channel length ——— ——— —— __ 25 16. Relation of cumulative average channel length to true stream order —___ — — _ — ___ — ______ 26 17. Relation of number of channels to true stream order_____ — __________________ — _________________ 27 18-23. Maps showing land use in watersheds draining to: 18. Chattahoochee River near Leaf ___ —— _________ — —— — ________ — ___________ — _— 31 19. Soque River near Clarkesville _________ — ______________ — ____ —— __ — _-_ ———— — 32 20. Chestatee River near Dahlonega ___- ——— ____________________ —— — __ — ______ — —— 33 21. Big Creek near Alpharetta _______ — ____——________________________---------_ — _____ 34 22. Peachtree Creek at Atlanta, Nancy Creek at Atlanta, and Woodall Creek at Atlanta —— 35 23. Snake Creek near Whitesburg ______——_____________-____---_-_-_- — _ —— —— — - 36 24. Photographs showing typical basin land uses ____ — _______-_____--___---_-__-_-_--- 37,38,39,40,41,42 25-30. Maps showing soil associations in watersheds draining to: 25. Chattahoochee River near Leaf ___________—-__-____-_ — _____________________________ 43 26. Soque River near Clarkesville ____ — _______--_-----_----__----__ — ____ — ______ — _____ 44 27. Chestatee River near Dahlonega _______—-- — ----- ————— _____________ ————— ____ 45 28. Big Creek near Alpharetta _______———————— ————— -- —— --———————————— 46 29. Peachtree Creek at Atlanta, Nancy Creek at Atlanta, and Woodall Creek at Atlanta —— 47 30. Snake Creek near Whitesburg ____________---------- — -------- — ______________ —— _ 48 31-35. Graphs showing relation of suspended-sediment concentrations to stream discharge at: 31. Chestatee River near Dahlonega _______— — __________________ ——— _ — _________—— 51 32. Big Creek near Alpharetta _____________ — _---------------_-------------_---_-_ — _ — _ 52 33. Chattahoochee River at Atlanta ___________----------- — ------_- — _--___-_____———— 53 34. Peachtree Creek at Atlanta ___________--_- — -------------_-----------------___ — _____ 54 35. Chattahoochee River near Whitesburg ___—------______ — ______________ — _____________ 54 3/6-40. Graphs showing lateral distributions of suspended-sediment concentration, flow velocity, flow depth, and size of bed material at: 36. Chestatee River near Dahlonega __-___-__-------------- — ___--___-__-________ — _—— 56 37. Big Creek near Alpharetta _________———___-_-____ — ___ — _ —— _______ — — ___— 57 38. North Fork of Peachtree Creek near Atlanta ————————— ————————— __ ———— ————— 58 39. Peachtree Creek at Atlanta _______--——————————————————————————————— 60,61 40. Snake Creek near Whitesburg ___________-- — ------__--_--________-_________________ 62 41. Graphs showing storm loading of suspended sediment at: A. Chestatee River near Dahlonega ____________----_-------_ — - — _______________ — _______ 64 B. Big Creek near Alpharetta __________________ — --____-______ — _____________ — _______— 64 C. Snake Creek near Whitesburg _____________-- — -__-______ — _____________ — _ — _ — _ — ___ 65 D. Chattahoochee River near Whitesburg ____ — -- — _____________ — _______ — _ — _ — ____ — _— 65 42. Photographs of typical streambeds and stream channels on the Dahlonega and Atlanta Plateaus _______________________________„_ — — — — — __ — — — — __ — _ — — 66,67,68,69 43. Graphs showing relation of unmeasured- and bed-sediment discharge to stream discharge at: A. Chattahoochee River near Leaf __________ — _-_-----_-______________________ — _ — _ — ___ 70 B. Chestatee River near Dahlonega ____________ — _______________ ———— ___________ — ___ 70 C. Big Creek near Alpharetta ________________------------_-- — _____________ — ____ — ____— 71 D. Chattahoochee River at Atlanta _______ — - —— -- — ------ —— _ —— — _________ — ___ 71 E. Peachtree Creek at Atlanta _________-- ———————— — —————— — --- ———— ———— 71 F. Chattahoochee River near Whitesburg _____-- — --_____ — ____________________________— 71 44. Graphs showing relation of turbidity to suspended silt plus clay concentrations at: A. Chestatee River near Dahlonega ___________--- — -_-__-____ — _____________ — ____________ 73 B. Big Creek near Alpharetta _______________-- — — -- — — ________________ — __ — — 73 C. Chattahoochee River at Atlanta ___________-_------_-__-_—_____________
Load more

Recommended publications
  • Spatiotemporal Analysis of Escherichia Coli Along Metro-Atlanta Surface Waters
    Georgia State University ScholarWorks @ Georgia State University Public Health Theses School of Public Health 8-8-2017 Spatiotemporal Analysis of Escherichia coli along metro-Atlanta Surface Waters Diana Orquiola Follow this and additional works at: https://scholarworks.gsu.edu/iph_theses Recommended Citation Orquiola, Diana, "Spatiotemporal Analysis of Escherichia coli along metro-Atlanta Surface Waters." Thesis, Georgia State University, 2017. https://scholarworks.gsu.edu/iph_theses/552 This Thesis is brought to you for free and open access by the School of Public Health at ScholarWorks @ Georgia State University. It has been accepted for inclusion in Public Health Theses by an authorized administrator of ScholarWorks @ Georgia State University. For more information, please contact [email protected]. Spatiotemporal Analysis of Escherichia coli along metro-Atlanta Surface Waters by DIANA MARIE ORQUIOLA B.S., UNIVERSITY OF GEORGIA A Thesis Submitted to the Graduate Faculty of Georgia State University in Partial Fulfillment of the Requirements for the Degree MASTER OF PUBLIC HEALTH ATLANTA, GEORGIA 30303 ABSTRACT Spatiotemporal Analysis of Escherichia coli along metro-Atlanta Surface Waters DIANA MARIE ORQUIOLA (Under the direction of Dr. Lisa Casanova) Introduction: The Chattahoochee River and its lakes and tributaries are essential resources for metro-Atlanta; however, urbanization and other human impacts near these resources affects the quality of water. The objectives of this study are to describe the spatial and temporal patterns of Escherichia coli (E. coli), and examine the relationship between rainfall and E. coli levels in metro-Atlanta surface waters, including the Chattahoochee River and its lakes and tributaries. Methods: The water quality data used for the study was originally collected and analyzed by the Chattahoochee Riverkeeper (CRK) Neighborhood Water Watch (NWW) program.
    [Show full text]
  • The Cuba Family Archives for Southern Jewish History at the Breman Museum
    William Breman Jewish Heritage Museum Cuba Family Archives for Southern Jewish History Weinberg Center for Holocaust Education THE CUBA FAMILY ARCHIVES FOR SOUTHERN JEWISH HISTORY AT THE BREMAN MUSEUM MSS 250, CECIL ALEXANDER PAPERS BOX 1, FILE 10 BIOGRAPHY, 2000 THIS PROJECT WAS MADE POSSIBLE BY THE GENEROUS SUPPORT OF THE ALEXANDER FAMILY ANY REPRODUCTION OF THIS MATERIAL WITHOUT THE EXPRESSED WRITTEN CONSENT OF THE CUBA FAMILY ARCHIVES IS STRICTLY PROHIBITED The William Breman Jewish Heritage Museum ● 1440 Spring Street NW, Atlanta, GA 30309 ● (678) 222-3700 ● thebreman.org CubaFamily Archives Mss 250, Cecil Alexander Papers, The Cuba Family Archives for Southern Jewish History at The Breman Museum. THE AMERICAN INSTITUTE OF ARCIDTECTS October 2, 2000 Ben R. Danner, FAIA Director, Sowh Atlantic Region Mr. Stephen Castellanos, FAIA Whitney M. Young, Jr. Award C/o AlA Honors and Awards Department I 735 New York Avenue, NW Washington, D.C. 20006-5292 Dear Mr. Castellanos: It is my distinct privilege to nominate Cecil A. Alexander, FAIA for the Whitney M. Young, Jr. Award. Mr. Alexander is a man whose life exemplifies the meaning of the award. He is a distinguished architect who has led the effort to foster better understanding among groups and promote better race relations in Atlanta. Cecil was a co-founder, with Whitney Young, of Resurgens Atlanta, a group of civic and business leaders dedicated to improving race relations that has set an example for the rest of the nation. Cecil was actively involved with social issues long before Mr. Young challenged the AlA to assume its professional responsibility toward these issues.
    [Show full text]
  • Cobb County, Georgia and Incorporated Areas
    VOLUME 1 OF 4 Cobb County COBB COUNTY, GEORGIA AND INCORPORATED AREAS COMMUNITY NAME COMMUNITY NUMBER ACWORTH, CITY OF 130053 AUSTELL, CITY OF 130054 COBB COUNTY 130052 (UNINCORPORATED AREAS) KENNESAW, CITY OF 130055 MARIETTA, CITY OF 130226 POWDER SPRINGS, CITY OF 130056 SMYRNA, CITY OF 130057 REVISED: MARCH 4, 2013 FLOOD INSURANCE STUDY NUMBER 13067CV001D NOTICE TO FLOOD INSURANCE STUDY USERS Communities participating in the National Flood Insurance Program have established repositories of flood hazard data for floodplain management and flood insurance purposes. This Flood Insurance Study (FIS) report may not contain all data available within the Community Map Repository. Please contact the Community Map Repository for any additional data. The Federal Emergency Management Agency (FEMA) may revise and republish part or all of this FIS report at any time. In addition, FEMA may revise part of this FIS report by the Letter of Map Revision process, which does not involve republication or redistribution of the FIS report. Therefore, users should consult with community officials and check the Community Map Repository to obtain the most current FIS report components. Initial Countywide FIS Effective Date: August 18, 1992 Revised Countywide FIS Effective Date: December 16, 2008 Revised Countywide FIS Effective Date: March 4, 2013 TABLE OF CONTENTS Page 1.0 INTRODUCTION 1 1.1 Purpose of Study 1 1.2 Authority and Acknowledgments 1 1.3 Coordination 3 2.0 AREA STUDIED 5 2.1 Scope of Study 5 2.2 Community Description 10 2.3 Principal Flood Problems
    [Show full text]
  • List of TMDL Implementation Plans with Tmdls Organized by Basin
    Latest 305(b)/303(d) List of Streams List of Stream Reaches With TMDLs and TMDL Implementation Plans - Updated June 2011 Total Maximum Daily Loadings TMDL TMDL PLAN DELIST BASIN NAME HUC10 REACH NAME LOCATION VIOLATIONS TMDL YEAR TMDL PLAN YEAR YEAR Altamaha 0307010601 Bullard Creek ~0.25 mi u/s Altamaha Road to Altamaha River Bio(sediment) TMDL 2007 09/30/2009 Altamaha 0307010601 Cobb Creek Oconee Creek to Altamaha River DO TMDL 2001 TMDL PLAN 08/31/2003 Altamaha 0307010601 Cobb Creek Oconee Creek to Altamaha River FC 2012 Altamaha 0307010601 Milligan Creek Uvalda to Altamaha River DO TMDL 2001 TMDL PLAN 08/31/2003 2006 Altamaha 0307010601 Milligan Creek Uvalda to Altamaha River FC TMDL 2001 TMDL PLAN 08/31/2003 Altamaha 0307010601 Oconee Creek Headwaters to Cobb Creek DO TMDL 2001 TMDL PLAN 08/31/2003 Altamaha 0307010601 Oconee Creek Headwaters to Cobb Creek FC TMDL 2001 TMDL PLAN 08/31/2003 Altamaha 0307010602 Ten Mile Creek Little Ten Mile Creek to Altamaha River Bio F 2012 Altamaha 0307010602 Ten Mile Creek Little Ten Mile Creek to Altamaha River DO TMDL 2001 TMDL PLAN 08/31/2003 Altamaha 0307010603 Beards Creek Spring Branch to Altamaha River Bio F 2012 Altamaha 0307010603 Five Mile Creek Headwaters to Altamaha River Bio(sediment) TMDL 2007 09/30/2009 Altamaha 0307010603 Goose Creek U/S Rd. S1922(Walton Griffis Rd.) to Little Goose Creek FC TMDL 2001 TMDL PLAN 08/31/2003 Altamaha 0307010603 Mushmelon Creek Headwaters to Delbos Bay Bio F 2012 Altamaha 0307010604 Altamaha River Confluence of Oconee and Ocmulgee Rivers to ITT Rayonier
    [Show full text]
  • Analysis of Stream Runoff Trends in the Blue Ridge and Piedmont of Southeastern United States
    Georgia State University ScholarWorks @ Georgia State University Geosciences Theses Department of Geosciences 4-20-2009 Analysis of Stream Runoff Trends in the Blue Ridge and Piedmont of Southeastern United States Usha Kharel Follow this and additional works at: https://scholarworks.gsu.edu/geosciences_theses Part of the Geography Commons, and the Geology Commons Recommended Citation Kharel, Usha, "Analysis of Stream Runoff Trends in the Blue Ridge and Piedmont of Southeastern United States." Thesis, Georgia State University, 2009. https://scholarworks.gsu.edu/geosciences_theses/15 This Thesis is brought to you for free and open access by the Department of Geosciences at ScholarWorks @ Georgia State University. It has been accepted for inclusion in Geosciences Theses by an authorized administrator of ScholarWorks @ Georgia State University. For more information, please contact [email protected]. ANALYSIS OF STREAM RUNOFF TRENDS IN THE BLUE RIDGE AND PIEDMONT OF SOUTHEASTERN UNITED STATES by USHA KHAREL Under the Direction of Seth Rose ABSTRACT The purpose of the study was to examine the temporal trends of three monthly variables: stream runoff, rainfall and air temperature and to find out if any correlation exists between rainfall and stream runoff in the Blue Ridge and Piedmont provinces of the southeast United States. Trend significance was determined using the non-parametric Mann-Kendall test on a monthly and annual basis. GIS analysis was used to find and integrate the urban and non-urban stream gauging, rainfall and temperature stations in the study area. The Mann-Kendall test showed a statistically insignificant temporal trend for all three variables. The correlation of 0.4 was observed for runoff and rainfall, which showed that these two parameters are moderately correlated.
    [Show full text]
  • Archaeological Testing at Allenbrook (9Fu286), Chattahoochee River National Recreation Area, Roswell, Georgia
    ARCHAEOLOGICAL TESTING AT ALLENBROOK (9FU286), CHATTAHOOCHEE RIVER NATIONAL RECREATION AREA, ROSWELL, GEORGIA Chicora Research Contribution 547 ARCHAEOLOGICAL TESTING AT ALLENBROOK (9FU286), CHATTAHOOCHEE RIVER NATIONAL RECREATION AREA, ROSWELL, GEORGIA Prepared By: Michael Trinkley, Ph.D. Debi Hacker Prepared For: National Park Service Chattahoochee River National Recreation Area 1978 Island Ford Parkway Atlanta, Georgia 30350 Contract No. P11PC50748 ARPA Permit No. CHAT 2012-001 CHICORA RESEARCH CONTRIBUTION 547 Chicora Foundation, Inc. PO Box 8664 Columbia, SC 29202 803-787-6910 www.chicora.org December 3, 2012 This report is printed on permanent paper ∞ MANAGEMENT SUMMARY The investigations were conducted in saprolite rock that was designated Level 2 and compliance with ARPA Permit CHAT 2012-001 extended from 0.07 to 0.17m bs. This zone under contract with the National Park Service to represented fill and no artifacts were identified. examine archaeological features that may be associated with the foundation wall of the Level 3 was slightly deeper, extending Allenbrook House (9FU286, CHAT-98) and from 0.17 to 0.35m and consisted of identical determine if archaeological evidence of a previous compact mottled red (2.5YR 4/4) clay and porch on the south façade of the structure could saprolite rock that graded into a red clay (2.5YR be identified. 4/6) and saprolite rock. This fill was also sterile. The work was conducted by Dr. Michael Level 4 extended from 0.35 to 0.48m and Trinkley, RPA (who was on-site during the entire consisted of red clay (2.5YR 4/6) and saprolite project), Ms. Debi Hacker, and Mr.
    [Show full text]
  • River Clean-Up Guru, Bobby Marie…
    River Clean-Up Guru, Bobby Marie… 1/11/2012 - Chattahoochee River 1/14/2012 – Etowah River 1/14/2012 – Coosa River 1/14/2012 – Oostanaula River 2/8/2012 – Peachtree Creek, South Fork 2/15/2012 – Peachtree Creek, North Fork 2/29/2012 – Suwannee River 4/21/2012 – Little River 5/16/2012 – Nickajack Creek 6/17/2012 – Altamaha River 8/8/2012 – Amicalola Creek 9/8/2012 – South River To view more 12 in 2012 finishers, go here. 1/11/2012 – Chattahoochee River Good Morning, I and two others paddled upstream on the Chattahoochee from Jones Bridge for about 4 miles then back down on a cold January afternoon on the 11th. It rained on us a couple of times, but the paddling kept us warm. We passed empty golf courses and leafless trees. We did see several herons and a couple of raptors hunting the river. Bobby Marie 1/14/2012 – Etowah, Coosa, Oostanala Rivers On January 14th, I joined Joe Cook and about 100 others on the CRBI Polar Bear Paddle over by Rome, GA. In one day I paddled 3 rivers, the Etowah for the major portion of the trip, then took two side paddles, upstream on the Oostanala for 30 minutes and then down and back up the Coosa for 30 minutes. When you reach the confluence of these three rivers you can look down and see the difference in the waters. The Etowah was greenish and the Oostanala was very brown and the Coosa was a mixture of the two! I only saw one BIG cooter on the bank in the sun the whole day.
    [Show full text]
  • Chattahoochee River National Recreation Area Visitor Study Summer 2010
    National Park Service U.S. Department of the Interior Natural Resource Program Center Chattahoochee River National Recreation Area Visitor Study Summer 2010 Natural Resource Report NPS/NRPC/SSD/NRR—2011/636/106766 ON THE COVER Photograph courtesy of Chattahoochee River National Recreation Area Chattahoochee River National Recreation Area Visitor Study Summer 2010 Natural Resource Report NPS/NRPC/SSD/NRR—2011/636/106766 Ariel Blotkamp, Nancy C. Holmes, Dr. Wayde Morse, Steven J. Hollenhorst February 2011 U.S. Department of the Interior National Park Service Natural Resource Program Center Fort Collins, Colorado The National Park Service Natural Resource Program Center publishes a range of reports that address natural resource topics of interest and applicability to a broad audience in the National Park Service and others in natural resource management, including scientists, conservation and environmental constituencies, and the public. The Natural Resource Report Series is used to disseminate high-priority, current natural resource management information with managerial application. The series targets a general, diverse audience, and may contain NPS policy considerations or address sensitive issues of management applicability. All manuscripts in the series receive the appropriate level of peer review to ensure that the information is scientifically credible, technically accurate, appropriately written for the intended audience, and designed and published in a professional manner. Data in this report were collected and analyzed using methods based on established, peer-reviewed protocols and were analyzed and interpreted within the guidelines of the protocols. Views, statements, findings, conclusions, recommendations, and data in this report do not necessarily reflect views and policies of the National Park Service, U.S.
    [Show full text]
  • Sent Via Email to Bill Towson at [email protected] on December 10, 2018
    Sent via email to Bill Towson at [email protected] on December 10, 2018. TO: Georgia Department of Community Affairs, 2018 International Plumbing Code Task Force DATE: December 10, 2018 RE: Georgia State Minimum Standard Plumbing Code on Plumbing Fixture Water Efficiency Dear Department of Community Affairs, As a steadfast advocate for sustainable building practices and responsible resource use, Southface recognizes the importance of advancing water efficiency standards in Georgia. We write to express our strong support of the proposed amendment to the 2018 International Plumbing Code (IPC) submitted by the Metropolitan North Georgia Water Planning District (MNGWPD) on October 30, 2018. Given currently available technologies, MNGWPD’s recommendations are reasonable advancements in water efficiency standards, and it is our understanding that the resulting water, energy, and financial savings will be significant. The proposed further-reduced flow rates for showerheads, (private) lavatory faucets, and kitchen faucets will save consumers money and continue to conserve our state’s limited water resources. As Georgia’s population continues to grow, conserving water will be of increasing importance to our economy and quality of life. In addition, saving water is vitally important to Georgia’s efforts to conserve energy. Energy generated by power plants across the state is used to clean, treat, and distribute water to our homes and businesses. Electricity and gas are used to heat water in our homes and businesses for everyday use. As described in Attachment C of the Code Amendment Form submitted by MNGWPD there will be significant financial savings to home and business owners as a result of the reduced energy and water use achieved.
    [Show full text]
  • Fish Consumption Guidelines: Rivers & Creeks
    FRESHWATER FISH CONSUMPTION GUIDELINES: RIVERS & CREEKS NO RESTRICTIONS ONE MEAL PER WEEK ONE MEAL PER MONTH DO NOT EAT NO DATA Bass, LargemouthBass, Other Bass, Shoal Bass, Spotted Bass, Striped Bass, White Bass, Bluegill Bowfin Buffalo Bullhead Carp Catfish, Blue Catfish, Channel Catfish,Flathead Catfish, White Crappie StripedMullet, Perch, Yellow Chain Pickerel, Redbreast Redhorse Redear Sucker Green Sunfish, Sunfish, Other Brown Trout, Rainbow Trout, Alapaha River Alapahoochee River Allatoona Crk. (Cobb Co.) Altamaha River Altamaha River (below US Route 25) Apalachee River Beaver Crk. (Taylor Co.) Brier Crk. (Burke Co.) Canoochee River (Hwy 192 to Lotts Crk.) Canoochee River (Lotts Crk. to Ogeechee River) Casey Canal Chattahoochee River (Helen to Lk. Lanier) (Buford Dam to Morgan Falls Dam) (Morgan Falls Dam to Peachtree Crk.) * (Peachtree Crk. to Pea Crk.) * (Pea Crk. to West Point Lk., below Franklin) * (West Point dam to I-85) (Oliver Dam to Upatoi Crk.) Chattooga River (NE Georgia, Rabun County) Chestatee River (below Tesnatee Riv.) Chickamauga Crk. (West) Cohulla Crk. (Whitfield Co.) Conasauga River (below Stateline) <18" Coosa River <20" 18 –32" (River Mile Zero to Hwy 100, Floyd Co.) ≥20" >32" <18" Coosa River <20" 18 –32" (Hwy 100 to Stateline, Floyd Co.) ≥20" >32" Coosa River (Coosa, Etowah below <20" Thompson-Weinman dam, Oostanaula) ≥20" Coosawattee River (below Carters) Etowah River (Dawson Co.) Etowah River (above Lake Allatoona) Etowah River (below Lake Allatoona dam) Flint River (Spalding/Fayette Cos.) Flint River (Meriwether/Upson/Pike Cos.) Flint River (Taylor Co.) Flint River (Macon/Dooly/Worth/Lee Cos.) <16" Flint River (Dougherty/Baker Mitchell Cos.) 16–30" >30" Gum Crk.
    [Show full text]
  • 1880 Census: Volumes 5 and 6
    REPORT ON '.l'IIE COTTON PRODUCTION OF THE ST_ATE OF GEORGIA, WI'l'H A DESCRIPTION OF THE GENER.AL AGRICULTURAL Ji'EATUR.ES OF THE STATE. DY R. H. LOUGHRIDGE, F:a:. D.;, LA'l'E ASSlSTA:XT IX THE GEOHGIA GEOLOGIC.AL SURVEY, SI"ECIAL A.GENT. [NORTIIWEST GOORGL\ BY A. R. McCUTCHJrn, SPIWIAL AGENT.] i 259 TABLE OF CONTENT'S. !'age. LETTERS OF TRANSMITTAL .. -·_·-- .... ----·-- --- ---- ..• .• _. --·· .••.•.•..•. --- .•••••••..••••..•• _•. _--·- --- _•••• _•••••.••.••••• ~ii, viii TABULATED RESULTS OF THE ENUMEUATION •.... ·---. __ ---- ------ ---· ---· , .••..••••••••.•.•••••.•••••.•••••••••• -·- --·- -· __ . 1-8 TABLE !.-Area, Population, Tilled Land, and CottonProduction .... --·- ·--· ·-·- _••. _--· __ ••.• ···-. ··-•••••••..• --· .••... 3-5 TABLE IL-Acreage and Production of Leading Crops_·-_ •...••••. ~--··- .•.. -· __ ..••••.••• _. ____ ·-·-·. __ ·----· ___ -·. ____ _ fi-8 PART I. PHYSICO-GEOGRAPHICAL AND AGRICULTURAL FEATURES OF THE STATE OF GEORGIA .• ___ . __ •••...•••••• _ ••••••. __ •..•• _•• , __ 9-03 General Description of the State . _. _______ .. _•. _•.• __ •..•• _.... _. _... __ . ____ . ___ •.•• _.. _. _________ ..••••.• ______ . _.. _.. _. 11-53 Topography __ .... _............•.... ___ .. ·--· ______ --·-·· ..•• --· •.••... _________ . -· •••. ··-· ____ ·-·. _. ··-. _·- ___ ··---· 11 . Climate ____ ---···-·-··--·--·--· ................ ···---·-·-----··--·---··-··· ____ ·--··-··-·-····-----------·----····-- 11 Geological Features .• ___ .--·-.·----. ____ ... --·- ___ --··-··--.----- .. ---· .••••.•• _••..•• ·-··---·-_ .•••
    [Show full text]
  • NATIONAL FORESTS /// the Southern Appalachians
    NATIONAL FORESTS /// the Southern Appalachians NORTH CAROLINA SOUTH CAROLINA, TENNESSEE » » « « « GEORGIA UNITED STATES DEPARTMENT OF AGRICULTURE FOREST SERVICE National Forests in the Southern Appalachians UNITED STATES DEPARTMENT OE AGRICULTURE FOREST SERVICE SOUTHERN REGION ATLANTA, GEORGIA MF-42 R.8 COVER PHOTO.—Lovely Lake Santeetlah in the iXantahala National Forest. In the misty Unicoi Mountains beyond the lake is located the Joyce Kilmer Memorial Forest. F-286647 UNITED STATES GOVERNMENT PRINTING OEEICE WASHINGTON : 1940 F 386645 Power from national-forest waters: Streams whose watersheds are protected have a more even flow. I! Where Rivers Are Born Two GREAT ranges of mountains sweep southwestward through Ten­ nessee, the Carolinas, and Georgia. Centering largely in these mountains in the area where the boundaries of the four States converge are five national forests — the Cherokee, Pisgah, Nantahala, Chattahoochee, and Sumter. The more eastern of the ranges on the slopes of which thesefo rests lie is the Blue Ridge which rises abruptly out of the Piedmont country and forms the divide between waters flowing southeast and south into the Atlantic Ocean and northwest to the Tennessee River en route to the Gulf of Mexico. The southeastern slope of the ridge is cut deeply by the rivers which rush toward the plains, the top is rounded, and the northwestern slopes are gentle. Only a few of its peaks rise as much as a mile above the sea. The western range, roughly paralleling the Blue Ridge and connected to it by transverse ranges, is divided into segments by rivers born high on the slopes between the transverse ranges.
    [Show full text]