On the Holocene Evolution of the Ayeyawady Megadelta
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On the Holocene Evolution of the Ayeyawady Megadelta 2 3 Authors: 4 5 Liviu Giosan1, Thet Naing2, Myo Min Tun3, Peter D
1 On the Holocene Evolution of the Ayeyawady Megadelta 2 3 Authors: 4 5 Liviu Giosan1, Thet Naing2, Myo Min Tun3, Peter D. Clift4, Florin Filip5, 6 Stefan Constantinescu6, Nitesh Khonde1,7, Jerzy Blusztajn1, Jan-Pieter Buylaert8, 7 Thomas Stevens9, Swe Thwin10 8 9 Affiliations: 10 11 1Geology & Geophysics, Woods Hole Oceanographic, Woods Hole, USA 12 2Pathein University, Pathein, Myanmar 13 3University of Mandalay, Mandalay, Myanmar 14 4Geology & Geophysics, Louisiana State University, USA 15 5The Institute for Fluvial and Marine Systems, Bucharest, Romania 16 6Geography Department, Bucharest University, Bucharest, Romania 17 7Birbal Sahni Institute of Palaeosciences, Lucknow, India 18 8Technical University of Denmark, Roskilde, Denmark 19 9Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden 20 10Mawlamyine University, Mawlamyine, Myanmar 21 22 23 24 25 26 Correspondence to: L. Giosan ([email protected]) 27 28 29 30 31 32 33 34 35 36 *submitted to Earth Surface Dynamics 37 1 38 Abstract: 39 40 The Ayeyawady delta is the last Asian megadelta whose evolution has remained 41 essentially unexplored so far. Unlike most other deltas across the world, the Ayeyawady 42 has not yet been affected by dam construction providing a unique view on largely natural 43 deltaic processes benefiting from abundant sediment loads affected by tectonics and 44 monsoon hydroclimate. To alleviate the information gap and provide a baseline for future 45 work, here we provide a first model for the Holocene development of this megadelta 46 based on radiocarbon and optically stimulated luminescence-dated trench and drill core 47 sediments collected in 2016 and 2017, together with a re-evaluation of published maps, 48 charts and scientific literature. -
Knowing the Salween River: Resource Politics of a Contested Transboundary River the Anthropocene: Politik—Economics— Society—Science
The Anthropocene: Politik—Economics—Society—Science Carl Middleton Vanessa Lamb Editors Knowing the Salween River: Resource Politics of a Contested Transboundary River The Anthropocene: Politik—Economics— Society—Science Volume 27 Series Editor Hans Günter Brauch, Peace Research and European Security Studies (AFES-PRESS), Mosbach, Baden-Württemberg, Germany More information about this series at http://www.springer.com/series/15232 http://www.afes-press-books.de/html/APESS.htm http://www.afes-press-books.de/html/APESS_27.htm# Carl Middleton • Vanessa Lamb Editors Knowing the Salween River: Resource Politics of a Contested Transboundary River Editors Carl Middleton Vanessa Lamb Center of Excellence for Resource School of Geography Politics in Social Development, University of Melbourne Center for Social Development Studies, Melbourne, VIC, Australia Faculty of Political Science Chulalongkorn University Bangkok, Thailand ISSN 2367-4024 ISSN 2367-4032 (electronic) The Anthropocene: Politik—Economics—Society—Science ISBN 978-3-319-77439-8 ISBN 978-3-319-77440-4 (eBook) https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-77440-4 © The Editor(s) (if applicable) and The Author(s) 2019. This book is an open access publication. Open Access This book is licensed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/), which permits use, sharing, adap- tation, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, as long as you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons license and indicate if changes were made. The images or other third party material in this book are included in the book’s Creative Commons license, unless indicated otherwise in a credit line to the material. -
On the Holocene Evolution of the Ayeyawady Megadelta
Earth Surf. Dynam., 6, 451–466, 2018 https://doi.org/10.5194/esurf-6-451-2018 © Author(s) 2018. This work is distributed under the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License. On the Holocene evolution of the Ayeyawady megadelta Liviu Giosan1, Thet Naing2, Myo Min Tun3, Peter D. Clift4, Florin Filip5, Stefan Constantinescu6, Nitesh Khonde1,7, Jerzy Blusztajn1, Jan-Pieter Buylaert8, Thomas Stevens9, and Swe Thwin10 1Geology & Geophysics, Woods Hole Oceanographic, Woods Hole, USA 2Department of Geology, Pathein University, Pathein, Myanmar 3Department of Geology, University of Mandalay, Mandalay, Myanmar 4Geology & Geophysics, Louisiana State University, Baton Rouge, USA 5The Institute for Fluvial and Marine Systems, Bucharest, Romania 6Geography Department, Bucharest University, Bucharest, Romania 7Birbal Sahni Institute of Palaeosciences, Lucknow, India 8DTU Nutech, Center for Nuclear Technologies, Technical University of Denmark, Roskilde, Denmark 9Department of Earth Sciences, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden 10Department of Marine Science, Mawlamyine University, Mawlamyine, Myanmar Correspondence: Liviu Giosan ([email protected]) Received: 12 November 2017 – Discussion started: 20 November 2017 Revised: 27 February 2018 – Accepted: 1 May 2018 – Published: 12 June 2018 Abstract. The Ayeyawady delta is the last Asian megadelta whose evolution has remained essentially unex- plored so far. Unlike most other deltas across the world, the Ayeyawady has not yet been affected by dam construction, providing a unique view on largely natural deltaic processes benefiting from abundant sediment loads affected by tectonics and monsoon hydroclimate. To alleviate the information gap and provide a baseline for future work, here we provide a first model for the Holocene development of this megadelta based on drill core sediments collected in 2016 and 2017, dated with radiocarbon and optically stimulated luminescence, to- gether with a reevaluation of published maps, charts and scientific literature. -
ABSTRACT PIERCE, CHANDLER AUSTIN. Investigating Tectonic and Oceanographic Influences on Sediment Deposition Throughout the Nort
ABSTRACT PIERCE, CHANDLER AUSTIN. Investigating Tectonic and Oceanographic Influences on Sediment Deposition throughout the Northern Andaman Sea (Under the direction of Dr. Paul Liu). Annually, large Southeast Asian rivers deliver four billion tons of sediment to the oceans from the Tibetan Plateau, accounting for approximately 30% of global riverine sediment discharge. Of these sediments, an estimated 600 million tons travels through the Ayeyarwady (Irrawaddy), Thanlwin (Salween), and Sittaung (Sittang) Rivers. Considered to be the last remaining free-flowing, large rivers in Asia outside of the Arctic, this trio of rivers discharges directly into the active back-arc basin that is the Northern Andaman Sea. Limited oceanographic surveys in the past have indicated that circulation patterns and alternating monsoonal systems drive riverine sediment offshore, across the Martaban Canyon. However, specific questions surrounding the processes that influence sediment deposition in the Northern Andaman Sea remain unresolved. Therefore, in December of 2017, a two-week research cruise was conducted to investigate better the fate and flux of sediment discharged by the Ayeyarwady River and its significant distributaries. A combination of CHIRP high-resolution seismic data, Kasten and Box cores, and Interferometric Synthetic Aperture Radar (InSAR) were collected and processed post- cruise in support of these efforts. The CHIRP high-resolution seismic data were processed using EdgeTech Discover software and analyzed to determine the historical evolution of the subaqueous delta by applying basic sequence stratigraphy principles. Collaborators processed the sediment cores at the Virginia Institute of Marine Science (VIMS), and 210Pb and 137Cs were measured to derive the Holocene sediment accumulation rate per location. -
Baseline Assessment Report Terrestrial Biodiversity
BASELINE ASSESSMENT REPORT TERRESTRIAL BIODIVERSITY Strategic Environmental Assessment of the Hydropower Sector in Myanmar © International Finance Corporation 2017. All rights reserved. 2121 Pennsylvania Avenue, N.W. Washington, D.C. 20433 Internet: www.ifc.org The material in this work is copyrighted. Copying and/or transmitting portions or all of this work without permission may be a violation of applicable law. IFC encourages dissemination of its work and will normally grant permission to reproduce portions of the work promptly, and when the reproduction is for educational and non-commercial purposes, without a fee, subject to such attributions and notices as we may reasonably require. IFC does not guarantee the accuracy, reliability or completeness of the content included in this work, or for the conclusions or judgments described herein, and accepts no responsibility or liability for any omissions or errors (including, without limitation, typographical errors and technical errors) in the content whatsoever or for reliance thereon. The boundaries, colors, denominations, and other information shown on any map in this work do not imply any judgment on the part of The World Bank concerning the legal status of any territory or the endorsement or acceptance of such boundaries. The findings, interpretations, and conclusions expressed in this volume do not necessarily reflect the views of the Executive Directors of The World Bank or the governments they represent. The contents of this work are intended for general informational purposes only and are not intended to constitute legal, securities, or investment advice, an opinion regarding the appropriateness of any investment, or a solicitation of any type. -
Fate of Ayeyarwady and Thanlwin Rivers Sediments in the Andaman Sea and Bay of Bengal T ⁎ J
Marine Geology 423 (2020) 106137 Contents lists available at ScienceDirect Marine Geology journal homepage: www.elsevier.com/locate/margo Fate of Ayeyarwady and Thanlwin Rivers Sediments in the Andaman Sea and Bay of Bengal T ⁎ J. Paul Liua, , Steven A. Kuehlb, Austin C. Piercea, Joshua Williamsb, Neal E. Blairc, Courtney Harrisb, Day Wa Aungd, Yin Yin Ayee a Department of Marine, Earth, and Atmospheric Sciences, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC, USA b Virginia Institute of Marine Science, William & Mary, Gloucester Point, VA, USA c Department of Earth and Planetary Sciences, Northwestern University, Evanston, IL, USA d Department of Geology, University of Yangon, Yangon, Myanmar e Department of Geology, Mawlamyine University, Mawlamyine, Myanmar ARTICLE INFO ABSTRACT Editor: Edward Anthony Collectively, the modern Ayeyarwady (Irrawaddy) and Thanlwin (Salween) rivers deliver > 600 Mt/yr of se- Keywords: diment to the sea. To understand the fate of Ayeyarwady and Thanlwin river-derived sediments to the sea, we Ayeyarwady conducted a 14-day geophysical and geological survey in the northern Andaman Sea and eastern Bay of Bengal Andaman Sea in December 2017. Overall, ~1500-km of high-resolution Chirp-sonar profiles and 30 sediment cores from the Gulf of Martaban shelf were acquired. This paper presents the results of the processed high-resolution profiles together with se- Sediment transport diment analyses. Our findings indicate: 1) There is little modern sediment accumulating on the shelf immediately Subaqueous Delta off the Ayeyarwady River mouths. In contrast, a major mud wedge with a distal depocenter, up to 60 m in Clinoform thickness, has been deposited seaward in the Gulf of Martaban, extending to ~130 m water depth into the Bay of Bengal Martaban Depression.