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New Data on Distribution, Morphology and Habitat of Brachythecium Mildeanum (Schimp.) Schimp. (Brachythecia- Ceae, Bryophyta) in the Iberian Peninsula

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New Data on Distribution, Morphology and Habitat of Brachythecium Mildeanum (Schimp.) Schimp. (Brachythecia- Ceae, Bryophyta) in the Iberian Peninsula Anales de Biología 31: 37-41, 2009 ARTICLE New data on distribution, morphology and habitat of Brachythecium mildeanum (Schimp.) Schimp. (Brachythecia- ceae, Bryophyta) in the Iberian Peninsula José David Orgaz, María Jesús Cano & Juan Guerra Departamento de Biología Vegetal, Facultad de Biología, Universidad de Murcia, 30100 Murcia, España. Resumen Correspondence Nuevos datos sobre la distribución, morfología y habitat de J. D. Orgaz Brachythecium mildeanum (Schimp.) Schimp. (Brachytheciaceae, E-mail: [email protected] Bryophyta) en la Península Ibérica. Received: 13 February 2009 En base a la revisión de numerosos ejemplares, se aportan nue- Accepted: 18 May 2009 vos datos sobre morfología, hábitat y distribución de Brachythe­ Published on-line: 25 May 2009 cium mildeanum (Schimp.) Schimp., especie que ha sido usual- mente confundida en la Península Ibérica con Brachythecium ruta­ bulum (Hedw.) Schimp. y B. rivulare Schimp. Palabras clave: Brachythecium, Península Ibérica, morfología, distribución, hábitat. Abstract New data of morphology, habitat and distribution, based on sam- ples reviewed, are provided for Brachythecium mildeanum (Schimp.) Schimp. In the Iberian Peninsula this species has usually been confused with Brachythecium rutabulum (Hedw.) Schimp. and B. rivulare Schimp. Key words: Brachythecium, Iberian Peninsula, morphology, distribution, habitat. Introduction many of the samples reported as Brachythecium mildeanum in the literature are misidentifications, Brachythecium mildeanum (Schimp.) Schimp. is a mainly of specimens of B. rutabulum (Hedw.) widely distributed species known from Europe, Schimp. and B. rivulare Schimp. In this paper we Asia, North America (Smith 2004) and Australia present a revision of the chorological reports of B. (Hedenäs 2002). In the Iberian Peninsula it has mildeanum in the Iberian Peninsula. In addition, a been reported from Andorra (Casas 2005), Spain description based on Iberian material as well as a [Navarra (Allorge 1955), Sierra Nevada: Granada review of the differential characters and data (Gil García & Varo 1973), Ávila (Vicente et al. about the habitat of the species in this area are 1986), Guadalajara (Riestra et al. 1987), Madrid provided. (Mazimpaka et al. 1988), Albacete (Guerra et al. 1989), Salamanca (Benito et al. 1995), Pirineos: Material and Methods Huesca, Lleida, Girona (Casas 2000, Casas et al. 2006, Casas et al. 2009] and Portugal [Beira Alta The present study is based on a revision of 525 (Teles 1970), Estremadura (Sérgio et al. 1988), specimens of B. mildeanum and B. rutabulum de- Trás-os-Montes e Alto Douro (Sérgio & Schu- posited in the following institutional herbaria: macker 1992), Beira Baixa (Sérgio et al. 2002)]. BCB, FCO, GDA, LISU, MA, MACB, MUB, S, During a revision of the genus Brachythecium, SALA and VIT. In “specimens studied” only the for Flora Briofítica Ibérica project, we found that specimens corresponding to B. mildeanum are 38 J. D. Orgaz et al. Anales de Biología 31, 2009 listed. Microscopic examination was made with crophotographs were obtained with an Spot in- an Olympus-BH2 light microscope, while mi- sight QE camera mounted on this microscope. Figura 1. Brachythecium mildeanum (1-9, VIT 32653). 1, 2, 3: filidios de caulidios principales; 4: ápice de un filidio; 5: células alares; 6: células alares y basales; 7: sección transversal del nervio; 8, 9: seudoparafilos. Escala: 1, 2, 3 = 0.5 mm; 4, 5 = 160 μm; 6 = 100 μm; 7 = 75 μm; 8, 9 = 0.2 mm. Figure 1. Brachythecium mildeanum (1-9, VIT 32653). 1, 2, 3: stem leaves; 4: stem leaf apex; 5: alar cells; 6: alar and basal cells; 7: section of the costa; 8, 9: pseudoparaphyllia. Bar: 1, 2, 3 = 0.5 mm; 4, 5 = 160 μm; 6 = 100 μm; 7 = 75 μm; 8, 9 = 0.2 mm. Anales de Biología 31, 2009 Brachythecium mildeanum in the Iberian Península 39 Results narrowed to a short acuminate apex, other charac- ters similar to stem leaves. Autoicous. Sporo­ Brachythecium mildeanum (Schimp.) Schimp., phytes not seen. Bot. Zeitung (Berlin) 20: 452. 1862 (Figs. 1: 1-9) Diagnostic characters and differentiation Hypnum mildeanum Schimp., Syn. Musc. Eur: 694. 1860 (basionym). Brachythecium mildeanum is mainly recognized Type citation: “in fossis aquosis loci turfosi Bruch by its almost entire leaf margins, the triangular or dicti prope Nimkau Silesiae ubi clar. Milde detexit ovate triangular leaves and the rectangular alar atque pulchris speciminibus communicatit”. cells that form an indistinctly delimited group which is difficult to separate from the others basal Plants medium-sized to large, green or pale green. cells. Since this species was confused with Bra­ Stems erect, irregulary branched. Branches short, chythecium rutabulum and B. rivulare in the Iberi- frecuently erect. Pseudoparaphyllia foliose, orbic- an Peninsula their differentiating characters are ular, ending in a short apiculus. Axillary hairs presented in table 1. The information about the with 1-2 distal hyaline cells and 1-2 pale brown morphology of the seta was taken from Nyholm basal cells. Stem leaves erect, not or rarely weakly (1979), Smith (2004) and Cortini Pedrotti (2006). plicate, concave, mostly triangular, sometimes ovate triangular, gradually narrowed to an Habitat and distribution acuminate apex, 2.1-2.75 x 1.1-1.5 mm, not or hardly decurrent, margins entire, occasionally In the Iberian Peninsula, Brachythecium mildean­ with scattered teeth near apex, sometimes re- um grows in flooded meadows or rush fields at el- curved near base. Costa single, ending ¾-½ way evations from 150 to 1850 m. It seems to be an in- up leaf, with 3-4 layers of guide cells, stereids ab- different species regarding the substrate, altought sent, abaxial and adaxial superficial cells slightly habitat data on the label of some samples could differentiated. Median lamina cells linear, 57.5- indicate a preference for calcareous substrates. In 92.5 x 7.5-11.25 μm, smooth. Basal lamina cells general, it grows with different species of Po- rectangular, 37.5-55 x 12.5-25 μm, thin-walled or aceae, Juncaceae and Cyperaceae. This habitat is slightly incrassate. Alar cells shortly to longly very constant in the Iberian Peninsula. rectangular, sometimes quadrate, 25-45 x 12.5- Before this revision, the distribution of Bra­ 25 μm, in ovate group, extending from margin ¼ chythecium mildeanum in the Iberian Peninsula of distance to costa, indistinctly delimited towards was very imprecise. Based on the present data B. other basal cells. Branch leaves smaller than stem mildeanum is not confined to the mountains of the leaves, triangular to ovate-triangular, gradually northern Iberian Peninsula, because it reaches Brachythecium Brachythecium Brachythecium mildeanum rutabulum rivulare Triangular or Ovate, broadly Leaf shape Ovate, triangular, or cordate ovate-triangular ovate or cordate Entire, sometimes with Leaf margins Denticulate, rarely entire Denticulate scattered teeth Rectangular, numerous, Rectangular, or quadrate Rectangular, inflated forming an ovate group not not very numerous, forming Alar cells forming an ovate and very differentiated from the oth- a triangular or ovate group well defined group ers basal cells not well differentiated Seta Smooth Mamillose Mamillose Tree bases, slopes in forest, Habitat Flooded meadows fields, rocks, and in general Water courses, flooded soils in shaded and wet habitats Tabla 1. Principales diferencias entre Brachythecium mildeanum, B. rutabulum y B. rivulare. Table 1. Main differences among Brachythecium mildeanum, B. rutabulum and B. rivulare. 40 J. D. Orgaz et al. Anales de Biología 31, 2009 loan of samples. We are very grateful to Dr. L. Hedenäs for his help during a stay by the first au- thor at the Swedish Museum of Natural History within the European Community’s Programme ‘Structuring the European Research Area’ under a SYNTHESYS grant (SE-TAF-4772). This work has been carried out with financial support of Ministerio de Educación y Ciencia (Project CGL2006-00599, Flora Briofítica Ibérica) and Fundación Séneca from Murcia. References Figura 2. Distribución de Brachythecium mildeanum en la Península Ibérica basado en citas bibliográficas (▲) y material Allorge V. 1955. Catalogue préliminaire des Muscinées estudiado (●). du Pays basque français et espagnol. Revue Bryolo- Figure 2. Distribution of Brachythecium mildeanum in the Iberian gique et Lichénologique 24: 96-333. Peninsula based on literature records (▲) and studied material Benito J, Elías MJ & Rupidera JL. 1995. Brioflora de la (●). ciudad de Salamanca. Botanica Complutensis 20: 45-53. Casas C. 2000. Algunes molses noves o rares per a la some mountainous ranges in the centre of Spain brioflora catalana. Acta Botanica Barcinonensia 46: and Estremadura in Portugal. Figure 2 shows the 89-95. distribution of B. mildeanum in the Iberian Penin- Casas C. 2005. Catàleg de les molses d'Andorra. Orsis 20: 41-59. sula based on the studied samples. The literature Casas C, Cros RM, Brugués M, Ruíz E, Sérgio C, Bar- records for which we were not able to study rón A & Lloret F. 2006. Aportaciones a la brioflora del vouchers are also included. Pirineo. Boletin de la Sociedad Española de Briolo- gía 28: 73-86. Iberian specimens studied Casas C, Brugués M, Cros RM, Ruiz E & Barrón A. 2009. Cheklist of Mosses of the Spanish Central Spain: Gerona, La Molina, 7-4-1956, Casas Pyrenees. Cryptogamie, Bryologie 30: 33-65. (BCB 25091); Guipúzcoa, Villafranca de Ordizia, Cortini Pedrotti C. 2006. Flora dei muschi d´Italia. Bry- Aralar, 30TWN7462, 30-10-1995, Infante (VIT opsida (II parte). Roma: Antonio Delfino Editore. Gil García JA & Varo J. 1973. Contribución al estudio 1933); Huesca, Arguís, Sierra de Bonés, briológico de Sierra Nevada. II. El Barranco de San 30TYM0990, 2-6-2004, Infante & Heras (VIT Juan. Trabajos del Departamento de Botánica de la 32653); Huesca, Castejón de Sos, Illiri, TBH9814, Universidad de Granada 2: 63-79. 31-5-2002, Heras & Infante (VIT 29388); León, Guerra J, Ros RM, De las Heras J, García P & Jiménez Cabrillanes, La Babia, Fuente la Bruxa, 15-6- N. 1989. Estudio de la flora briofítica de la Sierra de Alcaraz (Albacete) como base para una evaluación 2005, Fernández Ordóñez (FCO 0309); Navarra, fitobiológica del territorio.
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