KOREA MATTERS FOR AMERICA

KoreaMattersforAmerica.org 1 am Korea Matters for America for Matters Korea KoreaMattersforAmerica.org initiative AsiaMattersforAmerica.org the of part Te Project Ph.D. Limaye, Satu P. Director: Siirila Aaron Coordinator: Hervandi Ray and Emma Freeman & Assistance: Research Copyright © 2011 The East-West Center East-West © 2011 The Copyright EastWestCenter.org East-West Center East-West Road 1601 East-West HI 96848 Honolulu, USA The East-West Center headquarters is in Honolulu, Hawai‘i and can be is in Honolulu, Hawai‘i headquarters Center East-West The at: contacted [email protected] Asia Matters for America for Matters Asia Washington in Center East-West 600 Suite NW, Street, L 1819 20036 DC Washington, USA Asia Matters for America America for is part of the Asia Matters America for Matters Korea in Washington. Center the East-West by and is coordinated initiative please contact: information, For more The East-West Center promotes better relations and understanding understanding and relations better promotes Center East-West The the Asia, and States, of the United nations and the people among dialogue. Established and research, study, cooperative through Pacific for serves as a resource the Center 1960, in Congress the US by concern, common critical issues of on analysis and information and build expertise, views, exchange to people together bringing policy options. develop

KOREA MATTERS FOR AMERICA US AND ROK in Profile 3 uth Korea So 38,000 sq. mi. sq. 38,000 3% days 14 16% 75.6% 48.7 million 48.7 $833 billion $27,168 96% 50% $1.5 billion s United State $45,989 25% 11% billion $135 mi. sq. 3,537,000 5% 6 days 6% 75.1% 307 million 307 billion $14,120 cator, 2009 Indicator, Time required to start a business (days) a business start to Time required GDP) (% of in services Trade rate penetration Internet GDP per capita, PPP (current international $) international (current PPP per capita, GDP GDP) (% of Trade GDP) (% of and services goods of Exports net inflows investment, direct Foreign $) current (BoP, mi.) (sq. Land area GDP) (% of expenditure Military Population, total Population, $) (current GDP Sources: World Bank; US Central Intelligence Agency; US Census Bureau; Bureau; Census US Agency; Intelligence Central US Bank; World Sources: State of Department US - Tokyo East Sea/ East Japan of Sea Paci c Paci c Ocean

SOUTH KOREA NORTH NORTH KOREA Strait Korea PHILIPPINES Taiwan Pyongyang Yellow Sea Yellow Taipei Hong Kong, SAR Hong Kong, VIETNAM

LAOS The United States and are leaders in the world. The US The the world. in leaders are South Korea and States United The larg fifteenth is the while South Korea’s largest, is the world’s economy in Profile he United States and South Korea Korea South and States United The est. The United States is the world’s largest exporter and South Korea is and South Korea exporter largest is the world’s States United est. The and governments democratic have Both countries largest. the eleventh and urban rural between distributed almost evenly are populations that most digitally world’s the some measures, is, by South Korea areas. people. phones than cell with more country, advanced

KOREA MATTERS FOR AMERICA 2 Trade 5

t % 5% 2% 2% 2% 2% 2% 6% 4% 10% 23% $ xpor $7.1 $7.1 $7.1 $8.8 $8.8 $8.0 $8.0 $6.0 $6.0 us $19.7 $19.7 $21.7 $21.7 $13.6 $13.6 $37.8 $37.8 $86.7 $86.7 $373.2 $373.2 All Others billion) ($8.5 Machinery and Equipment Transport billion) ($15.4 se E chandi , 2009 , s untry s Mer 21.9% o Korea, 2010 o Korea, India Vietnam Mexico Indonesia Exports Korean Total Germany co China (PRC) States United Japan SAR Hong Kong, Singapore t 1 tner 7 5 2 3 4 8 9 6 10 39.7% ts k ran Par Korea’ xpor % 7% 5% 2% 3% 3% 3% 4% 4% 12% 19% 10.6% s E $

($4.1 billion) ($4.1 t s) n billion s: (I us $51.2 $51.2 $27.0 $27.0 $45.7 $45.7 $69.6 $69.6 $28.6 $28.6 $32.3 $43.3 $43.3 $26.2 $26.2 Miscellaneous Manufactured $129.0 $129.0 $204.7 $204.7 1,057.1 $1,057.1 11.5% Articles xpor tner 16.3% ar p t , 2009 , untry s ion of US Good US sition of se E chandi Food and Canada co Mexico China (PRC) Japan Kingdom United Germany Netherlands South Korea South Brazil Total US Exports US Total ($4.5 billion) ($4.5 Live Animals Live 1 7 5 2 3 4 8 6 9 ($6.3 billion) ($6.3 expor tner 10 Chemicals and Chemicals op k ran Related Products Related Par 2009 Statistics, Trade of Direction IMF Source: po Com t Mer US Source: US Department of Commerce of Department US Source: $1,430 per $1,430 Japanese $1,820 per $1,820 Korean $339 per Chinese

otals otals tion

la pu Po untry

tner Co

rade rade with T South Korea

$115 Billion $115 Par by Trade US population. for when adjusted is higher than with China and Japan with Korea US trade The Korea-US Free Trade Agreement (KORUS FTA), signed in 2007, signed in 2007, FTA), (KORUS Agreement Trade Free Korea-US The years within three tariffs of all bilateral percent 95 nearly eliminate would of ratification. In 2010, South Korea was the United States’ seventh largest two-way two-way largest seventh States’ was the United South Korea In 2010, valued at are Korea and services to goods of US exports partner. trading South Korea 2001. US imports from 92% from of billion, an increase $55 and servicesgoods has deficit on US trade The nearly $60 billion. are $5 billion in 2010. $12 billion in 2001 to declined 61%, from US T US Sources: US Department of Commerce; United Nations, 2010 Nations, United Commerce; of Department US Sources: $ 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 750 250 500 1,750 1,250 1,500 1,000 2,000

KOREA MATTERS FOR AMERICA 4 Trade 7 $816 $676 $707 $625 $669 $1,375 $1,344 $5,945 $2,034 $5,300 $28,282 (millions) 250 per person $ us $892 or more $10 $82 o Korea, 2010 2010 o Korea, t $1,666 $481 $250 - $500 $500 - $750 - $1,000 $750 $1,000 less than $ less $30 s ter Source: US Department of Commerce of Department US Source: MASSACHUSETTS RHODE ISLAND CONNECTICUT JERSEY NEW DELAWARE MARYLAND tate s Illinois Massachusetts Total US California California Texas Oregon Pennsylvania Washington Washington Louisiana York New Jersey New 1 7 5 2 3 4 8 9 6 10 expor 10 10 $99 MAINE op k ran t NEW $131 YORK NEW HAMPSHIRE $1,992 $379 $606 $792 $130 VIRGINIA $378 N CAROLINA PENNSYLVANIA $467 VERMONT S CAROLINA WEST $107 FLORIDA VIRGINIA $632 GEORGIA $640 OHIO $482 KENTUCKY $751 $574 $557 MICHIGAN $551 ALABAMA INDIANA TENNESSEE Korea. Six states send 5% or more of their total merchandise exports to to exports merchandise their total of 5% or more send Six states Korea. 14%. at highest share Alaska has the Korea; $72 $788 ILLINOIS MISSISSIPPI $361 WISCONSIN $1,644 $145 LOUISIANA $656 ARKANSAS MISSOURI $224 IOWA $627 MINNESOTA $58 OKLAHOMA $228 KANSAS $6,447 TEXAS $271 $13 $11 NEBRASKA ‘I xports xports SOUTH DAKOTA SOUTH NORTH DAKOTA NORTH HAWAI $15 $18 $28 COLORADO $39 h Korea, 2010 uth Korea, WYOMING NEW MEXICO NEW $187 MONTANA o So t ts $273 UTAH $29 $20 ARIZONA IDAHO xpor a E a $41 NEVADA $2,719 WASHINGTON $477

$937 $309

OREGON ALASKA

CALIFORNIA

pit te per Ca a t S to Korea since 2002 since to Korea least 50% during at by exports increased have states ten An additional to $500 million a year than more export states Thirteen this period. 13 US States Have Doubled E Doubled Have States US 13

KOREA MATTERS FOR AMERICA 6 SECTIONJobs from TIT tradeLE HERE, COLOR CORRESPONDS TO TITLE 99 s 73 67 47 56 45 39 50 119 106 270 jobs job o o t 1,000 1,000 sidents 2,864 ts or more 58 1,519 4,282 1,195 less than less - 5,000 1,000 - 10,000 5,000 - 15,000 10,000 15,000 403

MASSACHUSETTS RHODE ISLAND CONNECTICUT JERSEY NEW DELAWARE MARYLAND State Alaska Washington Louisiana Idaho Vermont Connecticut California Delaware Oregon Oregon Texas 1 7 5 2 Ten, 2009: Ten, 3 4 8 9 6 from US expor US s from 10 301 MAINE k ran p To Job re per 100,000 Korea, NEW YORK 5,425 481 NEW HAMPSHIRE 1,175 503 2,228 VIRGINIA 1,770 1,009 N CAROLINA 1,202 PENNSYLVANIA VERMONT Sources: The Trade Partnership, Washington, DC; US Census Bureau Census DC; US Washington, Partnership, Trade The Sources: 186 S CAROLINA WEST FLORIDA VIRGINIA 1,849 GEORGIA 2,017 OHIO 904 KENTUCKY 1,860 1,181 1,214 MICHIGAN 1,371 ALABAMA INDIANA TENNESSEE country: 27 states had at least 1,000 jobs supported by exports to South to exports supported by jobs least 1,000 at had country: 27 states jobs. than 5,000 more had and 5 states Korea 142 2,359 ILLINOIS MISSISSIPPI 1,206 WISCONSIN 254 5,649 LOUISIANA 2,009 ARKANSAS MISSOURI 723 IOWA 2,095 MINNESOTA 211 716 OKLAHOMA KANSAS 16,309 TEXAS 971 49 39 NEBRASKA SOUTH DAKOTA SOUTH NORTH DAKOTA NORTH HAWAI‘I 38 709 orea, 2010 orea, 98 COLORADO 39 WYOMING NEW MEXICO NEW 430 uth k MONTANA o o s t 746 UTAH 791 ts ARIZONA 1,930 IDAHO 142 NEVADA 10,372 2,105 WASHINGTON 3,292 ALASKA OREGON

23,096 CALIFORNIA expor us s from

xports to South Korea Support Korea South to xports job

114,000 Jobs US 114,000 in the United jobs 114,000 an estimated supported Korea Exports to the across spread jobs are These than in 2002. 25% more 2010, in States E

KOREA MATTERS FOR AMERICA 8 Investment 11 $0.1b $2b $0.3b $0.2b Courtesy KIA Motors KIA Courtesy $1b JAPAN $17b HONG KONG HONG KONG CHINA OTHER INDIA AUSTRALIA $ Billions) us ( 2010 , o us SINGAPORE $3b SOUTH KOREA $3b s int flow ASIA ASIA PACIFIC $26b $23b ment st $32b $171.6 b $171.6 EUROPE EUROPE $91b AMERICAS AMERICAS OTHERS TOTAL T Inve NET 2010 Unit, Intelligence Economist Source: $27b $12b 2009 - KOREAN FDI IN US KOREAN ), 2001 ock), t (S US DIRECT INVESTMENT IN KOREA INVESTMENT DIRECT US ment st h Korea Inve uth Korea So -

2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 US Unit Intelligence Economist Analysis; Economic of Bureau US Sources: BILLIONS $ South Korean investment in the United States increased from $3 from increased States in the United investment South Korean in South Korea US investment in 2009. $12 billion 2001 to billion in This in 2009. $27 billion to $10 billion in 2001 tripled, from has nearly car manufacturing jobs, such as at South Korean creates investment in plant Alabama, and Kia’s plant in Montgomery, plants. Hyundai’s jobs in the last 8,000 about created have together Georgia, Point, West years. few Hyundai, , in the US include investors Korean Other leading US Leading and SK Corporation. Industry, Kia, Doosan Heavy and Citigroup. IBM, include 3M, GM, Chevron, in Korea investors Korean Investment in the US Has Has US in the Investment Korean Decade Last in the 400% Increased 5 15 10 25 20 30

KOREA MATTERS FOR AMERICA 10 Students 13 16% 14% 12% 10% 8% 6% 4% 2% s Source: International Institute of Education Education of Institute International Source: Number sing Share &

S S c year)ademi s: Increa c a te a tudent t 1997 1998 1999 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 Number of South Korean students in the United States students in the United South Korean of Number States Students in the United all International of percentage South Korean by by ts den stu al t h Korean S uth Korean the United S 1999 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009

750 250 500 1,750 1,250

1,500 1,000

2,250 2,000 So in in Korea den ts stu abroad dy stu US (To

(thousands)

10 STUDENTS 70 50 80 20 30 60 40 9.6 9.5 82.7 115.7 150.4

ntry pop. untry rce co urce tudents o oreign S n US per 100,000 s per 100,000 s in US tudent s in for F Origin for s of untrie

10 Co 10

untry

Taiwan Canada China India co Korea South China India South Korea Canada Taiwan Japan Arabia Saudi Mexico Vietnam Turkey

The number of South Korean students in the United States has in- States in the United students of South Korean number The 49,000 from half nearly by rising decade, last the in significantly creased Only 2009. in starting 72,000 to 2001 year students in the academic in the US. students more have China and India of Foreign Students in the US in the Students Foreign of South Korea is the 3rd Leading Source Source Leading 3rd is the Korea South Source: International Institute of Education, 2009-10 academic year academic 2009-10 Education, of Institute International Source: When adjusted for population, Korea sends the greatest number of students among the of number sends the greatest population, Korea for When adjusted students in the US. of international sources five top p To in US, 2009 in US,

(thousands)

STUDENTS 50 150 100

KOREA MATTERS FOR AMERICA 12 Students 15 09 - s 4,117 2,177 1,859 3,846 2,562 2,464 8,388 11,186 2,809 2,540 10% udent St 16% or more : s: 19% 8% te 18% 11%-20% - 30% 21% - 40% 31% 41% less than less 22% 11% a t MASSACHUSETTS RHODE ISLAND CONNECTICUT JERSEY NEW DELAWARE MARYLAND Ten S from Korea, 2008 Korea, from tudents State California Georgia New York New Illinois Pennsylvania Massachusetts Indiana Michigan Washington Texa s S p To 11% MAINE Source: International Institute of Education, 2009 Education, of Institute International Source: 25% NEW YORK 9% NEW HAMPSHIRE 21% 16% 20% 10% VIRGINIA 8% N CAROLINA 14% PENNSYLVANIA VERMONT 8% S CAROLINA WEST FLORIDA VIRGINIA 26% 13% GEORGIA OHIO 13% KENTUCKY 8% 20% 16% MICHIGAN 22% ALABAMA INDIANA TENNESSEE of South Korean students are undergraduates (50%), while about one while about one (50%), undergraduates are students Korean of South student. is a graduate in three 14% 20% 21% ILLINOIS MISSISSIPPI 6% WISCONSIN 7% 13% LOUISIANA ARKANSAS MISSOURI 14% IOWA 15% MINNESOTA 12% 12% OKLAHOMA KANSAS 13% TEXAS 12% 16% 3% NEBRASKA SOUTH DAKOTA SOUTH NORTH DAKOTA NORTH HAWAI‘I 14% the US 17% 9% COLORADO 14% WYOMING 7% NEW MEXICO NEW ontribute $2 Billion Billion $2 ontribute MONTANA 27% UTAH 16% 16% ARIZONA IDAHO conomy 38% 19% NEVADA 45% 19% WASHINGTON ALASKA

20% OREGON CALIFORNIA

in dents gn stu forei all SHare of South Koreans also make up an increasing share of all international stu- of all international share increasing up an also make South Koreans in students of all international 8.4% represented they 2001/02, dents. In a high of 11.2%. A majority reached they in 2008/09 States; the United

Korean Students C Students Korean to the US E the US to

KOREA MATTERS FOR AMERICA 14 Korean Americans 17 44,881 44,881 35,013 35,013 57,507 57,507 84,525 84,525 58,596 58,596 46,047 46,047 62,389 60,066 60,066 129,458 129,458 410,566 410,566 ION ULAT POP , 2009 , Korean Americans Americans Korean ans

250 s 315 or more te Source: US Census Bureau Census US Source: 200 252 a 977 796 per 100,000 state residents state per 100,000 less than less 250 - 500 500 - 750 - 1,000 750 1,000 216 P 10 st 10 OP State California York New Jersey New Virginia Illinois Texa s Washington Georgia Maryland Pennsylvania MASSACHUSETTS RHODE ISLAND CONNECTICUT JERSEY NEW DELAWARE MARYLAND T N Americ Korea 103 MAINE 667 NEW YORK 145 NEW HAMPSHIRE 280 155 808 183 VIRGINIA 92 141 N CAROLINA PENNSYLVANIA VERMONT 47 S CAROLINA WEST FLORIDA VIRGINIA 485 125 GEORGIA OHIO 100 KENTUCKY 244 144 159 foreign-born. Koreans are the fifth largest Asian American community community Asian American fifth largest the are Koreans foreign-born. and Vietnamese. Indians, Filipinos, Chinese, after 145 MICHIGAN ALABAMA INDIANA TENNESSEE 54 497 142 ILLINOIS MISSISSIPPI 79 WISCONSIN 165 254 LOUISIANA ARKANSAS MISSOURI 205 IOWA 314 MINNESOTA 143 191 OKLAHOMA 246 KANSAS TEXAS 178 122 73 NEBRASKA SOUTH DAKOTA SOUTH NORTH DAKOTA NORTH HAWAI‘I 1,810 420 103 COLORADO 104 WYOMING 109 NEW MEXICO NEW MONTANA ion, 2009 tion, 201 UTAH 220 113 ARIZONA IDAHO la an popu 396

889 NEVADA 600 Americ 455 WASHINGTON

ALASKA

1,131 OREGON CALIFORNIA

More than 1.3 million Korean Americans live in the United States, States, in the United live Americans 1.3 million Korean than More are Americans of Korean 75% Nearly 2004. since of 4.4% an increase American Population American Koreans Make Up 10% of the Asian Asian the of 10% Up Make Koreans Korean Korean

KOREA MATTERS FOR AMERICA 16 Sister Cities 19 ) Seoul ) Seoul Pusan AL Wonju Taejon orea orea orea orea T Chechon Uijongbu AL Yosu City Yosu O Pyongtaek T k S. k S. k S. k S. City Busan City Uiwang O Yongsan (2 T Chinchon County Seongdong Gyeongsangnam (3 T ST ST ST ST THEA Little Rock, AR Little Rock, Richmond, VA VA Richmond, VA Roanoke, TX Antonio, San DC Washington, Chicago, IL Chicago, MO Columbia, MI Lansing, US PA Philadelphia, MA Pittsfield, US GA Marietta, Maryland of State AL Mobile, CA Beach, Newport N. US CA Angeles, Los OR Portland, CA Riverside, CA Sacramento, US San Diego, CA CA Diego, San CA Francisco, San WA Seattle, WA Spokane, WA Tacoma, CA Vallejo, NOR MIDWE Seoul orea Masan orea Anyang Incheon Anyang ) City Osan Busan City Busan k S. k S. AL Yangju City Yangju City Yesan T Seocho Nowon County Nowon Eunpyeong District Eunpyeong O (19 T (19 MASSACHUSETTS RHODE ISLAND CONNECTICUT JERSEY NEW DELAWARE MARYLAND UTH O US CA Grove, Garden OR Gresham, HI Honolulu, HI Honolulu, CA Irvine, CA Irvine, WA Lakewood, CA La Habra, NV Las Vegas, CA Angeles, Los MAINE US GA Atlanta, TX Austin, TN Chattanooga, VA Hampton, VA Henrico County, FL Jacksonville, TX Killeen, TN Knoxville, ARLittle Rock, GA Macon, S Sources: Sister Cities International; Individual sister city associations city Individual sister International; Cities Sister Sources: Chinju orea Incheon Incheon Donghae Cheongju NEW ) YORK NEW HAMPSHIRE City Iksan k S. AL Wanju District Wanju T VIRGINIA O N CAROLINA PENNSYLVANIA VERMONT WEST (30 T (30 S CAROLINA FLORIDA

or more VIRGINIA st GEORGIA OHIO Carson, CA CA Carson, Beaverton, OR Beaverton, WA Bellingham, CA Burbank, CA City, Culver OR Eugene, WA Way, Federal CA Fullerton, US AK Anchorage, CA Bakersfield, we KENTUCKY MICHIGAN ALABAMA INDIANA TENNESSEE ILLINOIS 1 2 3 4 MISSISSIPPI WISCONSIN LOUISIANA 0 ARKANSAS MISSOURI IOWA MINNESOTA OKLAHOMA KANSAS TEXAS NEBRASKA SOUTH DAKOTA SOUTH NORTH DAKOTA NORTH HAWAI‘I s COLORADO WYOMING NEW MEXICO NEW MONTANA UTAH ARIZONA IDAHO NEVADA

ALASKA WASHINGTON OREGON

CALIFORNIA er citie sist and US uth Korea elationships So The United States and South Korea have a total of 54 sister city of 54 sister a total have South Korea and States United The US cities, municipal partnerships between which are relationships, Korea. with similar jurisdictions in South and states counties, R ity ity C Sister 54 Share Korea and US

KOREA MATTERS FOR AMERICA 18 Allies 21 SOUTHERN REGION

Han River SOUTH KOREA Seoul Gunsan CURRENT CURRENT DEPLOYMENT MIDDLE REGION

Han River Seoul AFTER REDEPLOYMENT in 2 major Centered 16 bases areas, NORTH KOREA Pyongyang s in Korea CAMP LONG CAMP CAMP EAGLE CAMP CAMP CASEY CAMP CAMP HOVEY CAMP CAMP HENRY CAMP K-16 AIR BASE K-16 CAMP CASTLE CAMP CAMP YONGIN CAMP CAMP WALKER CAMP CAMP MARKET CAMP se CAMP STANLEY CAMP CAMP CARROLL CAMP CAMP JACKSON CAMP CAMP KUNSAN AIR BASE KUNSAN CAMP YONGSAN GARRISON YONGSAN OSAN AIR FORCE BASE AIR FORCE OSAN US ba US Sources: Department of Defense; CSIS; Korea Ministry of Defense of Ministry Korea CSIS; Defense; of Department Sources: FLEET ACTIVITIES CHINHAE ACTIVITIES FLEET - Air Force Air Navy Marine Corps Army 2008 - orea, 1990 orea, uth k o onnel in s onnel s er p ary

Sources: United States Forces Korea; US Department of Defense; US Department of State of Department US Defense; of Department US Korea; Forces States United Sources: milit us The 1953 Mutual Defense Treaty remains the cornerstone of the two of the two cornerstone the remains Treaty Mutual Defense 1953 The - and stabil peace has guaranteed which security relationship, countries’ The years. fifty over for and the region Peninsula ity on the Korean about 28,500 military maintains in personnel currently States United Command the Combined Forces and (ROK), Korea of the Republic of the ROK-US in 1978, has been the centerpiece (CFC), established in capabilities of the vast increase to responding However, Alliance. of the ROK Control Operational armistice Armed Forces, the ROK of Staff Chiefs Joint the ROK to was returned (JCS) in Armed Forces strat implementing a comprehensive is currently Alliance The 1994. Are Allies he United States and South Korea Korea South and States United The egy to achieve transfer of wartime Operational Control by 2015 to the 2015 to by Control of wartime Operational transfer achieve egy to JCS. ROK 1990 1991 1992 1993 1994 1995 1996 1997 1998 1999 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008

5

(thousands) 15 MILITARY 10 25 35 45 20 30 40

KOREA MATTERS FOR AMERICA 20 Global PARTnership 23 30% 86% 86% 80% 90% 27.2% 75% 25% , 2009 , 60% 70% 20% 57% h US, 2000 & 2009 & 2000 h US, wit 15% 12.5% 40% 50% dget UN Bu % of , 38% 38% 38% s t greemen tions 33% or : a s: ut 10% 8.2% 8.0% te 7.6% 18% 20% 30% 5.0% 14% 5% ” vo ” ant 3.9% t 3.2% 3.2% 10% 2.2% cekeeping Opera 2009 2000 2009 2000 2009 2000 2009 2000 2009 2000 trib Con Financial por “im un Source: United Nations United Source: Source: US Department of State of Department US Source: UN Pea p To Italy South South States Spain Japan Japan Korea Korea China China France United United Canada Kingdom Thailand Germany Philippines 79% 78% 70% 58% the US of s of Data not available Data 46% 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 52%

10 70 50 20 80 30 90 60 40 orean favorable view orean favorable 100 Source: Pew Global Attitudes Project, 2010 Project, Attitudes Global Pew Source: k - issues, such as ad of range closely on a broad work countries two The poverty, change, climate piracy, terrorism, of the challenges dressing - con Korea and epidemic diseases. security, of human rights, infringement - and Afghani in Iraq assistance and development peacekeeping to tributes on reunification and peaceful seek permanent peace stan. Both countries is in the top South Korea Nations, United In the Peninsula. the Korean States. with the United in agreement that vote quarter of countries - coun the two Together, the world. for matter relations Korea US-South - Peacekeep Nations United for budget total nearly 30% of the tries fund of of the Group members both are countries two The ing Operations. by initiated Security Summit, which was the Nuclear (G20) and Twenty in 2012 be held to Obama in 2010 and is scheduled Barack US President in South Korea. Global Partnership Global he United States and South Korea in Korea South and States United The

KOREA MATTERS FOR AMERICA 22 Timeline of US-South Korea Relations 25

1970 1966:

. 31 . Vietnam. Oct to visit South to - express Korea,

ing appreciation ing appreciation son becomes the son becomes - B. John Lyndon

for South Korea’s South Korea’s for troop presence in presence troop

first US president US president first

The begins after begins after War Korean The invade troops Korean North war The 25. the South on June its belligerents, until continues sign an Korea, South excluding 27, on July agreement armistice at Panmunjeom. 1953 1953:

1953: 1950 -

1948:

1945 Oct. 1 1945:

. 15 . Aug . 15 . Aug sign a mutual defense treaty. sign a mutual defense Japanese control. control. Japanese The United States and South Korea and South Korea States United The Korean Peninsula from from Peninsula Korean US and Allies liberate the US and Allies liberate World War II ends and the II ends and the War World

The Republic of Korea, the formal name the formal of Korea, Republic The for South Korea, is established on August South Korea, for 15, with Syngman Rhee as its first president. Rhee as its first with Syngman 15, 1920 . 5 .

Sept of Treaty The Portsmouth ends the formally Russo-Japanese the paves and War Japan’s for way domination and of the annexation Peninsula. Korean 1905: 1895

Philip Jaisohn, or Seo Jae-pil, becomes the becomes or Seo Jae-pil, Philip Jaisohn, Korea, US citizen from naturalized first to Korean the first also becoming later an American medical degree. receive 1890:

Diplomatic relations between between Diplomatic relations and Korea States the United established. are

1883: and the US sign a Treaty Korea of Amity and Commerce. 1882:

A US diplomatic naval naval A US diplomatic turns into Korea mission to the the Battle of Ganghwa, US militaryfirst action in Korea. 1870 1871:

KOREA MATTERS FOR AMERICA 24 Timeline of US-South Korea Relations 27

2011 2010:

. Cheonan. ec ly 21 July

South Korea’s 520 troops depart troops 520 South Korea’s mission. a four-year after Iraq ly 28 July lifts a five-year South Korea ban on beef imports from States. the United D Secretary ofSecretary Clinton and Clinton US Secretary 2008: of State Hillaryof State Defense Robert Robert Defense Gates meet with meet Gates

the sinking of the counterparts after after counterparts

South Korean ship South Korean their South Korean their South Korean 2007:

ov. 17

June 30

N US President US President Bush W. George - and South Ko Roh President rean launch Moo-hyun a US-South Korea dialogue strategic 17. on November 2005: eliminate nearly 95 95 nearly eliminate trade agreement that, agreement trade percent of all bilateral of all bilateral percent The United States and States United The tariffs over three years. three over tariffs if ratified, would likely would likely if ratified, South Korea sign a free free sign a South Korea

The first round of the Six of the round first The place, takes Talks Party five bringing together Asian countries Northeast to States and the United Korea’s discuss North nuclearunauthorized program. weapons 2003: . 25 .

The US House ofThe Representatives passes H. Con. Res. honor 100297 to of Korean years the to immigration States. United Sept June 13 A US military- ve hicle accidentally South killed two teenage Korean girls, resulting anti- in massive American protests. 2002:

2000 1999: ly 2 2 July

summit meeting. The United States and States United The sign the Agreed Korea North North replace to Framework plants nuclear power Korean reactor with light-water plants. power 1994:

Kim Young-sam Kim Young-sam the first becomes democratically of president elected South Korea.

welcomes South Korean South Korean welcomes 1993: President Kim Dae-jung President in Washington, DC, for a for DC, in Washington, US President Bill Clinton US President

1990 1982:

The Ulchi-Focus Lens Ulchi-Focus Lens The annual joint military known starts. Now exercise Guardian, as Ulchi Freedom largest it is the world’s control and command simulation exercise. 1976:

Mar.

1970 pro- Korean The Chun Doo-hwan. Chun Doo-hwan.

democracy student democracy blaming the US for blaming the US for Several incidents of Several the following years. the following movement becomes becomes movement

perceived support of perceived increasingly militant, increasingly violence occur against against occur violence

authoritarian President President authoritarian American targets during American targets

KOREA MATTERS FOR AMERICA and public domain photos. government, US Foundation, Jaisohn The Philip sources: Photo Relations on Foreign Council Korea; South in Seoul, Embassy US Congress; of Library State; of Department US Major Sources: 26 TH e asia matters for america initiati v e

Publication Design and Illustration Top Shelf Design Washington, DC www.topshelfdesign.net

The Asia Matters for America Initiative AsiaMattersforAmerica.org provides a hub for a global audience to explore the importance of Asia to the United States and the United States to Asia at the national, state, and local levels. The graphical project, including an interactive website, reveals surprising findings through the use of maps, charts, graphs, and raw data, allowing com- parison across countries and states.

29 Korea Matters for America

Part of the Asia Matters for America initiative, this publication and its corresponding website KoreaMattersforAmerica.org provide tools for a global audience to explore the enduring significance of the US-South Korea relationship in the 21st century.

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