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RELATIONSHIPS BETWEEN LANE CHANGE PERFORMANCE and OPEN- LOOP HANDLING METRICS Robert Powell Clemson University, [email protected]
Clemson University TigerPrints All Theses Theses 1-1-2009 RELATIONSHIPS BETWEEN LANE CHANGE PERFORMANCE AND OPEN- LOOP HANDLING METRICS Robert Powell Clemson University, [email protected] Follow this and additional works at: http://tigerprints.clemson.edu/all_theses Part of the Engineering Mechanics Commons Please take our one minute survey! Recommended Citation Powell, Robert, "RELATIONSHIPS BETWEEN LANE CHANGE PERFORMANCE AND OPEN-LOOP HANDLING METRICS" (2009). All Theses. Paper 743. This Thesis is brought to you for free and open access by the Theses at TigerPrints. It has been accepted for inclusion in All Theses by an authorized administrator of TigerPrints. For more information, please contact [email protected]. RELATIONSHIPS BETWEEN LANE CHANGE PERFORMANCE AND OPEN-LOOP HANDLING METRICS A Thesis Presented to the Graduate School of Clemson University In Partial Fulfillment of the Requirements for the Degree Master of Science Mechanical Engineering by Robert A. Powell December 2009 Accepted by: Dr. E. Harry Law, Committee Co-Chair Dr. Beshahwired Ayalew, Committee Co-Chair Dr. John Ziegert Abstract This work deals with the question of relating open-loop handling metrics to driver- in-the-loop performance (closed-loop). The goal is to allow manufacturers to reduce cost and time associated with vehicle handling development. A vehicle model was built in the CarSim environment using kinematics and compliance, geometrical, and flat track tire data. This model was then compared and validated to testing done at Michelin’s Laurens Proving Grounds using open-loop handling metrics. The open-loop tests conducted for model vali- dation were an understeer test and swept sine or random steer test. -
Exxon™ Butyl Rubber Innertube Technology Manual
Exxon™ butyl rubber Exxon™ butyl rubber innertube technology manual Country name(s) 2 - Exxon™ butyl rubber innertube technology manual Exxon™ butyl rubber innertube technology manual - 3 Abstract Many bias and radial tires have innertubes. Radial truck tube-type tires are particularly common, and in many instances, such as in severe service, off-road applications, are preferred over tubeless radial tire constructions. The technology requirements for tubes for such tires is, in many respects, equally demanding when compared to that for the tire and wheel in the assembly. This manual has been prepared to describe how butyl rubber is important in meeting the demanding performance requirements of tire innertubes. Representative innertube compound formulations and compound properties are discussed along with typical processing guidelines of the compound in the manufacture of innertubes. Chlorobutyl rubber based compound formulations are also used in innertubes. Such innertubes show good heat resistance, durability, allow greater flexibility in compounding, and process equally well as regular butyl rubber tube compounds. An extensive discussion of bicycle tire innertubes has been included. Service conditions can range from simple commuting and recreation to high speed competitive sporting applications. Like automobile and truck tire innertubes, tubes for bicycle tires can thus have demanding performance requirements. Guidelines on troubleshooting provide a checklist for the factory process engineer to enhance manufacturing efficiency, high -
Automotive Engineering II Lateral Vehicle Dynamics
INSTITUT FÜR KRAFTFAHRWESEN AACHEN Univ.-Prof. Dr.-Ing. Henning Wallentowitz Henning Wallentowitz Automotive Engineering II Lateral Vehicle Dynamics Steering Axle Design Editor Prof. Dr.-Ing. Henning Wallentowitz InstitutFürKraftfahrwesen Aachen (ika) RWTH Aachen Steinbachstraße7,D-52074 Aachen - Germany Telephone (0241) 80-25 600 Fax (0241) 80 22-147 e-mail [email protected] internet htto://www.ika.rwth-aachen.de Editorial Staff Dipl.-Ing. Florian Fuhr Dipl.-Ing. Ingo Albers Telephone (0241) 80-25 646, 80-25 612 4th Edition, Aachen, February 2004 Printed by VervielfältigungsstellederHochschule Reproduction, photocopying and electronic processing or translation is prohibited c ika 5zb0499.cdr-pdf Contents 1 Contents 2 Lateral Dynamics (Driving Stability) .................................................................................4 2.1 Demands on Vehicle Behavior ...................................................................................4 2.2 Tires ...........................................................................................................................7 2.2.1 Demands on Tires ..................................................................................................7 2.2.2 Tire Design .............................................................................................................8 2.2.2.1 Bias Ply Tires.................................................................................................11 2.2.2.2 Radial Tires ...................................................................................................12 -
Managing End-Of-Life Tires
Managing End-of-Life Tires Full report World Business Council for Sustainable Development Contents WBCSD Tire Industry Project: An introduction 1 The life of a tire: Facts and trends 2 What are tires made of? What is the environmental impact of a tire during its life cycle? What is an end-of-life tire? End-of-life tire generation and recovery worldwide How does the end-of-life tire recovery rate compare with other goods? End-of-life tire uses: Numerous possibilities, existing and under development 6 Why use end-of-life tires and for what purposes? Energy recovery Material recovery Other innovative and emerging uses for end-of-life tires Management systems for collecting and recovering end-of-life tires 11 Tire industry responsibility Government/community responsibility Free market approach Landfill and waste piles End-of-life tire management in developing regions What is the future outlook? 13 Useful resources 14 Photo credits: © Lebanmax – Fotolia.com © www.guardian.co.uk/business/gallery/2007 Copyright: © WBCSD, November 2008 ISBN: 978-3-940388-31-5 Printer: Atar Roto Presse SA, Switzerland Printed on paper containing 50% recycled content and 50% from mainly certified forests (FSC and PEFC). 100% chlorine free. ISO 14001 certified mill. WBCSD Tire Industry Project: An introduction Today, when people think of the environmental impacts of tires, they mostly focus on the management of tires at the end of their useful lives (end-of-life tires, or ELTs), as this topic usually draws the most public attention. Globally, an estimated one billion tires reach the end of their useful lives every year. -
Final Report
Final Report Reinventing the Wheel Formula SAE Student Chapter California Polytechnic State University, San Luis Obispo 2018 Patrick Kragen [email protected] Ahmed Shorab [email protected] Adam Menashe [email protected] Esther Unti [email protected] CONTENTS Introduction ................................................................................................................................ 1 Background – Tire Choice .......................................................................................................... 1 Tire Grip ................................................................................................................................. 1 Mass and Inertia ..................................................................................................................... 3 Transient Response ............................................................................................................... 4 Requirements – Tire Choice ....................................................................................................... 4 Performance ........................................................................................................................... 5 Cost ........................................................................................................................................ 5 Operating Temperature .......................................................................................................... 6 Tire Evaluation .......................................................................................................................... -
Tire Building Drum Having Independently Expandable Center and End Sections
Europäisches Patentamt *EP001295702A2* (19) European Patent Office Office européen des brevets (11) EP 1 295 702 A2 (12) EUROPEAN PATENT APPLICATION (43) Date of publication: (51) Int Cl.7: B29D 30/24, B29D 30/20 26.03.2003 Bulletin 2003/13 (21) Application number: 02021255.1 (22) Date of filing: 19.09.2002 (84) Designated Contracting States: (72) Inventors: AT BE BG CH CY CZ DE DK EE ES FI FR GB GR • Currie, William Dudley IE IT LI LU MC NL PT SE SK TR Stow, Ohio 44224 (US) Designated Extension States: • Reding, Emile AL LT LV MK RO SI 9163 Kehmen (LU) • Roedseth, John Kolbjoern (30) Priority: 21.09.2001 US 960211 7790 Bissen (LU) (71) Applicant: THE GOODYEAR TIRE & RUBBER (74) Representative: Leitz, Paul COMPANY Goodyear S.A., Akron, Ohio 44316-0001 (US) Patent-Department 7750 Colmar-Berg (LU) (54) Tire building drum having independently expandable center and end sections (57) A tire building drum has a center section (720) therebetween. In an embodiment of the invention, the and two end sections (722, 724). Each end section is bead lock assembly comprises a cylinder and two pis- provided with an expandable bead lock assembly (726). tons (P1, P2) disposed within the cylinder. The pistons The center section is preferably expandable. The ex- are free to move axially within the cylinder, in response pandable bead lock assembly comprises a carrier ring to pneumatic pressure. The first piston (P1) is con- (CR) and a plurality of elongate links (K) extending be- strained from moving axially inward by rods (R1P1, tween the carrier ring (CR) and a plurality of radially- R2P1, R3P1). -
Nonlinear Finite Element Modeling and Analysis of a Truck Tire
The Pennsylvania State University The Graduate School Intercollege Graduate Program in Materials NONLINEAR FINITE ELEMENT MODELING AND ANALYSIS OF A TRUCK TIRE A Thesis in Materials by Seokyong Chae © 2006 Seokyong Chae Submitted in Partial Fulfillment of the Requirements for the Degree of Doctor of Philosophy August 2006 The thesis of Seokyong Chae was reviewed and approved* by the following: Moustafa El-Gindy Senior Research Associate, Applied Research Laboratory Thesis Co-Advisor Co-Chair of Committee James P. Runt Professor of Materials Science and Engineering Thesis Co-Advisor Co-Chair of Committee Co-Chair of the Intercollege Graduate Program in Materials Charles E. Bakis Professor of Engineering Science and Mechanics Ashok D. Belegundu Professor of Mechanical Engineering *Signatures are on file in the Graduate School. iii ABSTRACT For an efficient full vehicle model simulation, a multi-body system (MBS) simulation is frequently adopted. By conducting the MBS simulations, the dynamic and steady-state responses of the sprung mass can be shortly predicted when the vehicle runs on an irregular road surface such as step curb or pothole. A multi-body vehicle model consists of a sprung mass, simplified tire models, and suspension system to connect them. For the simplified tire model, a rigid ring tire model is mostly used due to its efficiency. The rigid ring tire model consists of a rigid ring representing the tread and the belt, elastic sidewalls, and rigid rim. Several in-plane and out-of-plane parameters need to be determined through tire tests to represent a real pneumatic tire. Physical tire tests are costly and difficult in operations. -
ASTEC® PLUS Passenger and Light Truck Tire Uniformity Measurement
Layout Options ® ASTEC® PLUS Passenger and Light Truck Tire Uniformity Measurement The ASTEC® PLUS is a uniformity measurement system created and manufactured by Micro-Poise® Measurement Systems, LLC. This Sorter Station separates tires according to Optional AkroMARK® PLUS with Orient ergonomically friendly, technically unique and patented line of grade and is programmable for up to six station sorting grades and heights. machinery is specially designed to assure tire quality testing. Layout showing base ASTEC® PLUS with entrance conveyor. This illustration also shows the exit drop con- veyor for ease-of-access during maintenance, optional remote marking station and optional sorter. Modular Tire Measurement Systems ASTEC® PLUS is a critical component of our Modular Tire Measurement Systems (MTMS), designed to optimize the tire measure- ment process for uniformity and dynamic balance measurements. MTMS combines tire uniformity, dynamic balance measurement and tire geometry inspection into a single process. In its most efficient configuration, the total system cycle time is the fastest in the industry. In addition, each individual measurement station ensures the best measurement with no compromise in precision and accuracy. Auxiliary features include manufacturing operations communications (Level II), barcode reading, angular referencing, marking and sorting. SORTER AkroMARK PLUSTM with Orient AkroDYNE® with HANDLER ASTEC® PLUS HANDLER (OPTIONAL) (OPTIONAL) TGIS-SL® with LUBER When you have a company with 100 years of innovative work behind you, you have a measurement system that puts the leading edge of tire finishing technology in front of you. Micro-Poise®. Better by every measure. www.micropoise.com MP USA MP Europe MP Korea MP China MP India Tel: +1-330-541-9100 Tel: +49-451-89096-0 Tel: +82-31-888-5259 Tel: +86-20-8384-0122 Tel: +91-22-6196-8241 Fax: +1-330-541-9111 Fax: +49-451-89096-24 Fax: +82-31-888-5228 Fax: +86-20-8384-0123 Fax: +91-22-2836-3613 Akron Standard®, Micro-Poise®, TGIS-SL®, and Coll-Tech - © 2018 by AMETEK®, Inc. -
Study on the Stability Control of Vehicle Tire Blowout Based on Run-Flat Tire
Article Study on the Stability Control of Vehicle Tire Blowout Based on Run-Flat Tire Xingyu Wang 1 , Liguo Zang 1,*, Zhi Wang 1, Fen Lin 2 and Zhendong Zhao 1 1 Nanjing Institute of Technology, School of Automobile and Rail Transportation, Nanjing 211167, China; [email protected] (X.W.); [email protected] (Z.W.); [email protected] (Z.Z.) 2 College of Energy and Power Engineering, Nanjing University of Aeronautics and Astronautics, Nanjing 210016, China; fl[email protected] * Correspondence: [email protected] Abstract: In order to study the stability of a vehicle with inserts supporting run-flat tires after blowout, a run-flat tire model suitable for the conditions of a blowout tire was established. The unsteady nonlinear tire foundation model was constructed using Simulink, and the model was modified according to the discrete curve of tire mechanical properties under steady conditions. The improved tire blowout model was imported into the Carsim vehicle model to complete the construction of the co-simulation platform. CarSim was used to simulate the tire blowout of front and rear wheels under straight driving condition, and the control strategy of differential braking was adopted. The results show that the improved run-flat tire model can be applied to tire blowout simulation, and the performance of inserts supporting run-flat tires is superior to that of normal tires after tire blowout. This study has reference significance for run-flat tire performance optimization. Keywords: run-flat tire; tire blowout; nonlinear; modified model Citation: Wang, X.; Zang, L.; Wang, Z.; Lin, F.; Zhao, Z. -
Influência Da Estrutura Ímpar Em Pneus De Lonas Cruzadas
Igor Zucato Influência da estrutura ímpar em pneus de lonas cruzadas (“Cross-Ply”) São Paulo 2006 Livros Grátis http://www.livrosgratis.com.br Milhares de livros grátis para download. Igor Zucato Influência da estrutura ímpar em pneus de lonas cruzadas (“Cross-Ply”) Dissertação apresentada à Escola Politécnica da Universidade de São Paulo para obtenção do título de Mestre em Engenharia Mecânica. Orientador: Prof. Dr. Marco Stipkovic Fº. São Paulo 2006 II Folha de Aprovação Igor Zucato Influência da estrutura ímpar em pneus lonas cruzadas (“Cross-Ply”) Dissertação apresentada à Escola Politécnica da Universidade de São Paulo para obtenção do título de Mestre em Engenharia Mecânica. Aprovado em: 21 de novembro de 2006 Banca Examinadora Prof. Dr. Marco Stipkovic Filho Instituição: EP – USP Assinatura :__________________ Prof. Dr. Gilberto Francisco Martha de Souza Instituição: EP – USP Assinatura :__________________ Prof. Dr. Renato Barbieri Instituição: PUC – PR (externo) Assinatura :__________________ III "Nosso maior desejo na vida é encontrar alguém que nos faça fazer o melhor que pudermos." Ralph Waldo Emerson Fabiana, obrigado minha esposa e companheira, com todo o amor de minha vida. IV Agradecimentos Primeiramente ao meu amigo e por acaso meu chefe, Eduardo Pinheiro, que me incentivou e apostou no desenvolvimento desse trabalho com suas sugestões e opiniões, bem como no desenvolvimento desta pós-graduação. Ao meu orientador e amigo que teve a paciência para suportar, guiar e me ajudar durante essa caminhada. À Pirelli Pneus S.A. pelo apoio e oportunidade de desenvolver e publicar este trabalho que reúne uma parte da minha experiência na área de pesquisa e desenvolvimento de pneus, e pelo suporte do R&D. -
Position Paper: 2004-4
Issued: March 2005 Future Truck Program Position Paper: 2004-4 Expectations for Future Tires Developed by the Technology & Maintenance Council’s (TMC) Future Tire Reliability/Productivity Task Force ABSTRACT This TMC Future Truck Position Paper defines the future performance requirements of tires based on fleet/equipment user descriptions of their needs and concerns. This paper covers all aspects of new tires, retreaded tires, tire repairs, and all associated maintenance issues. INTRODUCTION and dry environments—for starting, stopping This TMC Future Truck Position Paper defines and cornering. However traction is improved— future features and expectations for tires and whether it be by compound or tread design, for wheels in terms of product performance, main- example—tire noise must be controlled, resis- tainability, reliability, durability, serviceability, tance to flat spotting must improve, the ten- environmental and educational issues. The dency for hydroplaning must be reduced, and paper’s objective is improving tire and wheel tire-related splash and spray must be mini- value to fleets/equipment users. mized. Future tires should experience less stone retention and, therefore, less stone drill- PERFORMANCE EXPECTATIONS ing-type casing damage. Tires should also The focus of all tire performance is ultimately feature improved casing retreadability and to improve tire value. It is expected that contin- repairability, as well as improved appearance ued advances in technology will yield longer with respect to ozone or weather checking—a tread life, both in terms of miles per 32nd rate tire’s natural aging condition. of wear and actual removal mileage, even with the greater engine horsepower we see now Future tire performance will require greater and in the future. -
Global Tire Plant Listing
Global Tire Plant Listing Data originally published in 8/31/2015 issue of Tire Business The information available through the Service is the property of Tire Business and is protected by copyright and other intellectual property laws. Information received through the Service may be displayed, reformatted and printed for your personal, non- commercial use only. You agree not to reproduce, retransmit, distribute, sell, publish or broadcast the information received through the Service to anyone, including to others in the same company or organization, without the prior written consent of Tire Business, with this one exception: You may, on an occasional and irregular basis, include insubstantial portions of information from the Service in memoranda, reports and presentations, but only if such memoranda, reports and presentations are distributed in non-electronic form, for a noncommercial purpose, to a limited number of individuals. You must include in all such memoranda, reports and presentations the phrase "Reprinted with permission from Tire Business. Copyright 1997, Crain Communications Inc., Chicago, Illinois." You may not post any content from the Service to newsgroups, mail lists or electronic bulletin boards, without the prior written consent of Tire Business. 26 • August 31, 2015, TIREBUSINESS Visit us on the Web: www.tirebusiness.com The world’s tire production facilities—by region hese tables list worldwide tire manufacturing plants, divided into six geographical regions: TNorth America, comprising the U.S., Canada and Mexico; Latin America, including Central and South America; Europe, including Russia and most of the former Soviet Bloc nations; Asia, including China, India, Japan, the Pacific Rim and former states of the Soviet Union located in Asia; Africa and the Middle East.