Technology Sea Magazine SUBSEA SOLENOID VALVES SUBSEA SOLENOID ACTUATORS SUBSEA PRESSURE SWITCHES SUBSEA SWITCHES
OCEAN SUBMERSIBLETechnology SOLUTIONS SeaCustom designedMagazine to your application.
Hydracon manufactures and designs custom high-performance products for use in the ocean ambient.
Over 25 years supplier to Subsea Oil and Gas, Nuclear, and Defense Industries
Hydracon Company Inc.
www.hydracon.com FEATURES: • Real-Time Data • Easy to Install & Easy to Use • Standard Mooring Configurations • User Specified Sensors (Standard) • Wireless Subsurface Acoustic Telemetry • Hardwire, Radio, Cellular or Satellite • Deployed & Supported WorldWide Technology Sea Magazine
InterOcean Systems, Inc. www.interoceansystems.com (858) 565-8400 • [email protected] When things get this ugly...
...you need more than just another pretty face.
That’s where I come in. Sure, I’m a great looking Acoustic Doppler Current Profiler, but you know what they say—it’s what’s inside that really counts. Inside me you’ll find the heart of a lion. I’ll be there when you need me, consistently delivering the quality current profiling Technologyand wave data you need, even in some of the world’s harshest Sea environments. MagazineLike the 20,000 instruments delivered before me, I’m the direct result of the over 200 Teledyne RDI employees committed to making me the most dependable product in your arsenal, and providing you with the support you need to get the job done.
Yep, I’m the entire package—and I’m here to help you conquer your next deployment. Find your solution at www.rdinstruments.com/mm_products.aspx
MEASURING WATER IN MOTION AND MOTION IN WATER.
A Teledyne Marine Company www.rdinstruments.com HIGH PERFORMANCE Compact ROVs to Suit a Variety of Applications SEA TECHNOLOGY® MiniROVER The Worldwide Information Leader for Marine Business, Science & Engineering Proven performance in strong sea MARCH 2013, Volume 54, No. 3 conditions with 80 lbs of horizontal Visit our website at www.sea-technology.com for online versions of feature articles and news departments. thrust. MiniROVER The editorial staff can be contacted at [email protected]. is our primary 10 A PATHWAY TO MULTITHREAT ASSESSMENT observation THROUGH INTEGRATED MULTIBEAM SONAR class ROV. Chris Malzone, Danny Wake and Jeff Bartkowski (RESON Inc.) explain how combing lidar and bathymetric data can be used to monitor ports and harbors.
15 MATERIAL SELECTION FOR SEAWATER SENSORS Stingray Karmjit Sidhu (American Sensor Technologies) details how nickel superalloys New open frame design and offer optimal corrosion resistance in seawater. ber optic tether option increase 19 SUCCESSFUL CAPTURE OF ULTRADEEP Stingray’s capability to carry an SEA ANIMALS FROM THE PUERTO RICO TRENCH array of optional sensors. Stingray Nichola C. Lacey, Dr. Alan J. Jamieson (University of Aberdeen) and is our general Dr. Fredrik Søreide (Promare) discuss amphipods that were recovered from 8,000 meters depth using a robotic vehicle system. observation class ROV 22 AUV DESIGNED FOR MARINE MEASUREMENTS Liu Jie and Liang Jie (National Ocean Technology Center of China) describe a small, low-cost platform with ADCP and CTD for water pro¡ling.
29 GLOBAL MARINE RENEWABLE ENERGY CONFERENCE — Conference Preview SeaROVER 30 A REAL-TIME SYNOPTIC VIEW OF OCEAN CURRENTS Based on a payload centric design, Drs. Marc Lucas, Hélène Etienne and Eric Greiner outline how to use satellite SeaROVER is available in custom data to compute near-real-time sea surface velocities. congurations around industry 34 REAL-TIME NETWORK OF WEATHER AND OCEAN STATIONS standard sensors. Discover the Dr. Rémi Estival, Valérie Quiniou (Total S.A.)Technology and Christophe Messager (International new SeaROVER and it’s unique Centre for Education Marine and Atmospheric Sciences over Africa) describe a public-private partnership on in-situ measurements in the Gulf of Guinea. payload centric approach. 65 ST50 TIME LINE: 1971 -Sea 1974 As Sea Technology magazine celebrates its 50thMagazine year, we look back on major events in the oceanographic industry and the world. For more information on these news items, visit our website at www.sea-technology.com.
Editorial ...... 7 Marine Electronics ...... 58 Soundings ...... 9 Marine Renewables ...... 59 Capital Report ...... 45 Environmental Monitoring ...... 61 The most powerful International ...... 47 Contracts ...... 63 Ocean Business ...... 49 Meetings ...... 64 mini ROVs in their class Navy Currents ...... 51 People ...... 65 Product Development ...... 52 ST Looks Back ...... 66 Offshore Oil & Ocean Engineering ...... 54 Professional Services Directory ...... 67 High-Denition cameras now Ocean Research ...... 55 Soapbox ...... 69 available on all our ROV systems Marine Resources ...... 57 Advertiser Index ...... 70 See us at Ocean Business COVER—Vertical base surface overlaid on a combined RESON A/S (Slangerup, Denmark) Seabat 7125 multi- beam and Terrapoint (Hamilton, Canada) ALMIS-350 lidar 3D point cloud scene showing a quay wall section for Booth #S1 an inspection survey for the Port of Quebec, Canada, in June 2011. The color scale’s range is 3 meters. A good condition sheet pile section is visible on the left, a concrete delamination of about 1-meter thickness is in the middle, and an undermining of about 1.5-meter thickness is on the right. The no-data strip is due to a tidal shift between the multibeam and lidar acquisition times. (Photo Credit: CIDCO / Mosaic 3D, Canada)
NEXT MONTH—Sustainable technology for polar ships and structures ... Bedrock erosion in areas of strong tidal streams points to hazards for tidal power installations ... AC2CP in oil and gas applications ... Oil and gas industry review ... Mobile buoy for surveillance and littoral security ... Storm-surge coastal barriers ... FPSO and permanent mooring in South China Sea. Scan image above with smart phone to learn more. ©Copyright 2013 by Compass Publications, Inc. Sea Technology (ISSN 0093-3651) is published monthly by Compass Publications, Inc., Suite 1010, 1600 Wilson Blvd., Arlington, VA 22209; (703) 524-3136; FAX (703) 841-0852. All rights reserved. Neither this publication nor any part of it may be reproduced, stored in a retrieval system, or transmitted in any form or by any means, electronic, mechanical, photocopying, recording, or otherwise, without the prior permission of Compass Publications Inc. Periodicals postage paid at Arlington, Virginia, and additional mailing of¡ces. Subscrip- tions may be purchased at the following rates: domestic, $60 one year; $80 two years; foreign air mail, $120. Single copies $4.50 plus shipping and handling (current issue only). POSTMASTER: send address changes to Compass Publications, Inc., P.O. Box 600, Deer Isle, ME 04627-0600. Canada Publications Number 41450540. Canadian return address MSI Worldwide Mail, P.O. Box 2600, Mississauga, ON L4T 0A8, Canada. CUSTOMER www.benthos.com SERVICE, Joy Carter, Tel. 1-800-989-5253 or 1-207-348-1057.
www.sea-technology.com MARCH 2013 / st 5 Technology Sea Magazine SEA TECHNOLOGY® editorial INCLUDING UNDERSEA TECHNOLOGY The Industry’s Recognized Authority Stephen A. Curtis, Board Director, for Design, Engineering and American Society of Civil Engineers Application of Equipment and Services in the Global Ocean Community
Charles H. Bussmann Troubled US Waters Founder and Publisher 1924-1999 Magnify Investment Needs publisher C. Amos Bussmann managing editor Meghan Ventura his past summer’s drought, which has continued into winter, has reduced water levels assistant editor Aileen Torres editorial consultant Charles W. Covey Tthroughout the Mississippi River Basin and its tributaries to historic lows and severely production manager Russell S. Conward impacted commercial shipping trafc on the river—the main cost-effective transporta- assistant design/ Joshua Ortega tion artery extending from the Great Lakes, through America’s heartland to the Gulf of website manager Mexico. advertising Susan M. Ingle Owen service manager The 2012 drought has impacted shipping on the Mississippi River Basin by restrict- ing vessel trafc, creating longer transit times, reducing vessel load carrying capacity, increasing vessel groundings, and creating impassable waterways and vessel logistics p problems. Shipping rates have uctuated widely as a result; other reasons being greater fuel needs, additional barges and increased labor to move the same amount of goods. The typical tow on the Mississippi or Ohio rivers has 15 barges; a 1-foot loss of draft decreases the capacity of the tow by 3,000 tons. On the lower Mississippi, tows are ADVERTISING REPRESENTATIVES: larger, with 30 to 45 barges, and a 1-foot loss of draft results in a decreased capacity HEADQUARTERS C. Amos Bussmann exceeding 9,000 tons, which is the equivalent of adding 130 tractor-trailer trucks to the 1501 Wilson Blvd., Suite 1001 highways or 570 rail cars to the train system. To maintain barge trafc on the river and Arlington, VA 22209 5FM t'"9 its prime tributaries, the U.S. Army Corps of Engineers has taken extraordinary measures e-mail: [email protected] to deepen and widen areas of immediate concern by additional dredging and, in some cases, blasting rock river bottom. NORTH AMERICA EAST COAST Trafc on the Mississippi is just one example of how the system of inland waterways Clive Bullard and marine ports plays a vital role in moving imported and exported goods through the Bullard Communications U.S. In 2010, the cargo transported on the national system was valued at $152 billion. 107 Lane Gate Road Cold Spring, NY 10516 More than 566 million tons of goods move through the system annually, more than half 5FM t'"9 of which is coal and petroleum products. e-mail: [email protected] Furthermore,Technology more than 70 million metric tons of grain, soybeans and other food are NORTH AMERICA transported within the U.S. each year via the system. With this amount of goods mov- WEST COAST ing on the 12,000 miles of inland waterways, the impact of the 2012 drought is severe. John Sabo SeaAccording to the American Waterways Operators (AWO) association, a 1-inch drop in Barbara Sabo John Sabo Associates waterMagazine level decreases the carrying capacity of a single barge by 17 tons of cargo. Losing 1 447 Herondo St. #305 foot of a barge’s draft results in the loss of 204 tons of cargo capacity per barge. Normally Hermosa Beach, CA 90254 5FM t'"9 loaded 12-foot draft barges reduced to a 7.5-foot draft equates to losing about 54 trailers e-mail: [email protected] of goods per barge, according to AWO.
EUROPE In addition to drought, the performance of the inland waterway system is threatened John Gold by scheduled and unscheduled delays caused by insufcient funding for operation and John F. Gold & Associates maintenance needs of the locks that govern trafc ow. A total of 90 percent of the sys- “Highview” B"VMUPOF8BZ tem’s locks and dams experienced unscheduled delays in 2009. According to the Army Sutton, Surrey, SM1 3LE, England Corps of Engineers, maintaining existing levels of unscheduled delays on inland water- 1IPOF'"9/BUMt*OUM ways, and not further exacerbating delays, will require almost $13 billion in cumulative e-mail: [email protected] investment by 2020. To remain competitive, U.S. marine ports and inland waterways will require invest- ment beyond the $14.4 billion expected over the next seven years. The American Society of Civil Engineers (ASCE) reports that with an additional investment of $15.8 billion Sea Technology back issues available on microlm. Contact: National Archive Publishing Company between now and 2020, the U.S. can protect $270 billion in U.S. exports, $697 billion 300 N. Zeeb Rd., Ann Arbor, MI 48106 1-800-420-6272 in GDP, 738,000 jobs annually, $872 billion in personal income and $770 per year per household. COMPASS PUBLICATIONS, INC. ASCE said that trafc on U.S. inland waterways is expected to increase by 51 million 1600 Wilson Blvd., Suite 1010 tons of freight from 2012, an 11 percent increase. By 2040, it is expected to exceed 118 Arlington, VA 22209-2403 Tel: (703) 524-3136 million tons above 2012 levels, a 25 percent increase. To meet this anticipated growth, FAX: (703) 841-0852 total public investment would have to exceed $30 billion by 2020. This includes naviga- [email protected] www.sea-technology.com tional waterway-harbors dredging and operations, and maintenance dredging for inland waterways and marine ports. publishers of: Sea Technology Inadequate and unbalanced investments in essential transportation infrastructure Commercial Fisheries News have serious implications. It is necessary to do the work and make available the funds to Fish Farming News Commercial Marine Directory keep U.S. vital waterways and harbors open for commerce. The productivity and com- Fish Farmers Phone Book/Directory petitiveness of the U.S. economy depends on it. n Sea Technology Buyers Guide/Directory Sea Tech e-News www.sea-technology.com MARCH 2013 / st 7 See us at
® Ocean Business 2013 Booth M4 ZZZ3DFLÀF&UHVWFRP Technology Sea Magazine
L1 L1/L2 L1/L2/L5 L1/L2 + Heading L1/L2 + Communications Enclosure BD910 BD920 BD970 BD982 BD920-W3G BX982 GPS, GLONASS, GPS, GLONASS GPS, GLONASS, GPS, GLONASS, GPS, GLONASS, GPS, GLONASS, BeiDou, Galileo BeiDou, Galileo OmniSTAR, Heading WiFi, 3G OmniSTAR, Heading
www.trimble.com/gnss-inertial soundings
)) DNV, PSE Create Concept Design for Carbon Capture. Det Norske Veritas (DNV) of Høvik, Norway, and Process Systems
Enterprise Ltd. (PSE) of London, England, have successfully developed a concept design for onboard chemical CO2 capture as part of the Maritime CCS (carbon capture and storage) research and development project. Ship emissions are concen- trated, unlike in other forms of transport, which allows for potential to capture CO2 at the source. The system consists of a chemical absorption plant that separates CO2 from ue gases, a liquefaction unit where the captured CO2 is compressed and condensed using a refrigerant, and two storage tanks where the liquid CO2 product is temporarily stored until discharge into transmission and storage infrastructures at the next suitable port. The results show that the concept is technically fea- sible and capable of reducing ship CO2 emissions by up to 65 percent. For a very large crude carrier, this could correspond to capturing more than 70,000 tonnes of CO2 per year, transforming them from emissions to a tradable product.
)) Belgium to Build Island to Store Energy. Belgium will try to decrease its reliance on nuclear power by building a doughnut-shaped island in the North Sea to store wind energy, Reuters reported. Electricity is difcult to store: “We have a lot of energy from the wind mills and sometimes it just gets lost because there isn’t enough demand for the electricity,” said a spokeswoman for Belgium’s North Sea minister Johan Vande Lanotte. Water at the island’s center would be pumped out using excess energy, and the water would reenter via turbines when demand outruns supply. The island could take ve or more years to plan and build, and will be built out of sand 3 kilometers off the Belgian coast near the town of Wenduine. The island would also be an offshore substation for wind turbines. Before the project gets nal approval, Belgium’s power grid operator must strengthen the power lines leading out to the coast. Belgium plans to end its use of nuclear power when it amasses enough alternative energy. The country’s North Sea wind farms are expected to eventually generate 2,300 mega- watts.
)) Deepwater Capex Forecast at $223 Billion for 2013 to 2017. As deepwater projects become more capital-intensive, there is an economic challenge for exploration and production companies but a signicant potential prize for oileld ser- vice and equipment vendors, according to a new report by Douglas-Westwood (Canterbury, England). A capex of $223 bil- lion is forecast for 2013 to 2017, and spending is to double, compared to the preceding ve-year period. The “Golden Tri- angle” of Latin America, the Gulf of Mexico and West Africa will dominate deepwater expenditure over the next ve years, and African developments, mainly in Angola, Ghana and Nigeria, and Brazilian projects dominate the forecast spending. Brazil is likely to experience substantial growth,Technology exceeding Africa’s deepwater expenditure towards the end of the forecast period, with activity driven by Petrobras’ (Rio de Janeiro, Brazil) development of its pre-salt Campos and Santos elds. The viability of future prospects dependsSea on continuing technological advances and increased cost-efciency. )) Upper Mississippi River Nears Record Lows.Magazine As a result of last year’s drought, stretches of the Upper Mississippi River have approached record lows, the U.S. Energy Information Administration said. These low water levels have jeopardized commercial barge trafc shipping agricultural and energy commodities. Rock blasting and dredging by the U.S. Army Corps of Engineers, and expected rainfall should provide some relief. Key energy commodities transported via Mississippi River barges are coal and, increasingly, crude oil and distillate fuel oil. Large stretches of the Upper Mississippi have seen low water levels, although for the most part the Lower Mississippi River Basin has remained at normal water levels. Crude oil movements by barge and tanker between the Midwest and Gulf Coast in both directions averaged 55,000 barrels per day (bbl/d) during January through October 2012, up 14,000 bbl/d from the same period last year.
)) Lubchenco Looks Back at NOAA Career. Before Dr. Jane Lubchenco stepped down from her post as NOAA administrator at the end of February, she spoke with Sea Technology about her time at the U.S. agency. “We’ve been able to tackle some big issues and have accomplished a tremendous amount,” Lubchenco said. She cited ending overshing and rebuilding de- pleted sh stocks, helping create the National Ocean Policy and working toward a weather-ready nation among her proud- est accomplishments at NOAA. Among her greatest frustrations was the economic battle against extreme weather events, each of which have caused at least $1 billion in losses and strained national infrastructure during her time as the head of NOAA. Satellites are crucial to forecasting such events, but the tough economic climate has put pressure on their funding. As for her as yet unnamed successor, she would give this advice: “Respect, patience and determination are keys to success. The men and women of NOAA represent the nation’s nest and most passionate scientists and professionals in their elds,” so it is important to recognize their achievements and foster a sense of community and partnerships. Lubchenco is moving on to be the 2013 Mimi and Peter E. Haas Distinguished Visitor at Stanford University’s Center for Public Service.
)) 2013 Declared the Year of OceanSTEM. The Maritime Alliance and the County of San Diego’s Board of Supervisors in California have declared 2013 the year of OceanSTEM (science, technology, engineering and mathematics education). They hope to raise awareness and foster innovation in OceanSTEM teaching, learning and outreach. The initiative calls for numerous events throughout the year at various locations in San Diego County to celebrate the importance of science, technology, engineering and mathematics to the maritime community and the public at large. n
www.sea-technology.com MARCH 2013 / st 9 A Pathway to Multithreat Assessment Through Integrated Multibeam Sonar Combining Lidar and Bathymetric Data to Monitor Ports and Harbors #Z$ISJT.BM[POFt%BOOZ8BLFt+FGG#BSULPXTLJ
he use of multibeam Techosounders for hydro- graphic applications is well- Data showing an object identied as a 25-centimeter zinc ventilation documented and has been pipe laying on the seaoor in 10 meters of water. widely accepted for decades. Improvements in resolution, accuracy, sampling rates, sig- nal processing and software enhancements have further ex- panded the number of require- ments that these sensors can address. For instance, for Q-route applications, which ensure that navigable routes to and Technology from ports are clear of dangers and obstructions, surveyors are now able to simultaneously Sea collect the full water column Magazine information along with the ba- thymetry and seaoor imagery data (e.g., backscatter, snip- pets, side scan) to identify dan- gers on and above the seaoor. In ports and harbors, a single sonar can produce 512 sound- ings per transmission up to 50 times per second while also electronically steering the entire swath within 5 degrees of tative backscatter data (seaoor and water column) and horizontal without having to physically remount the head. have doubled in resolution. To address the needs within a Improvements in software have paved the road for vessel- port or harbor infrastructure, multibeam technology needed mounted lidar systems to interface with multibeam systems to evolve beyond simply providing the geomorphology but and provide real-time 3D imagery above and beneath the to allow users to identify discrete targets both on and above water surface. Such innovations are providing valuable the seaoor. decision-making data for ports and harbors to better assess Since 2010, RESON (Slangerup, Denmark) has worked conditions within their infrastructure to enhance threat pre- with local survey companies and port authorities to dem- vention and promote safety. onstrate how surveyors can collect full data-rate water column backscatter data while also obtaining the bathy- Applications and Solutions metric and seaoor backscatter information with the 7000 The rst commercial multibeam echosounder put into series of its SeaBat multibeam echosounders. This feature service provided 60 soundings per ping over a swath that was achieved through improvements to the sonar’s elec- was twice the water depth. These systems have evolved to tronic architecture, which combined the sonar-processing provide more than 500 soundings per ping, with a swath electronics with computing electronics. This increased the more than 6.5 times the water depth, can acquire the quali- sonar’s signal-processing capability to take advantage of
10 st / MARCH 2013 www.sea-technology.com (Top) CIDCO quay wall survey in the Port of Que- bec, showing integrated laser and multibeam in- formation, as well as detection of object on the seaoor within short proximity. Beneath is a defor- mation map of the quay wall where green is zeroTechnology deformation, purple is 0.6 meters of gouging, and orange is 0.6 meters of protrusion. (Credits: CI- DCO) Sea Magazine
(Right) Wedge display of the RESON SeaBat 7125 multibeam echosounder with Tracer activated. The screen shows overlay of intensity vales and color coded uncertainty information while using Flex Mode to track In a demonstration near the Port of Oslo in Norway in debris near the Port of Savannah. (Credit: EMC Surveys Inc.) 2011, the operator detected 25-centimeter-diameter circu- lar debris on the seaoor and, utilizing Flex Mode, obtained standard personal computer components, such as central 155 soundings per ping within a 25-centimeter diameter processing units, video-card graphics processing units and while maintaining a 140-degree swath. Further, the operator RAM. can also implement beam steering of the entire sector, the To address route survey requirements, including those for high density sector or both to ensure the region of interest is Q-route surveys, RESON introduced a programmable beam- always properly resolved. former in 2010 that utilizes equiangular (EA) and equidis- At the Port of Savannah, Georgia, in January 2013, RE- tant (ED) bottom detection modes, separately or combined. SON implemented automation routines to further improve The use of EA and ED has been well-documented in liter- the efcacy of Q-route surveys. At the core of RESON’s so- ature, however, combining the two detection methods into nar automation is Tracker, which allows the surveyor to get a single swath is just now being implemented. A program- high-quality data, regardless of seaoor substrate, without mable beamformer allows the user to dene the density of the need of constant supervision. It dynamically adapts so- three sectors within the swath: two low-density ED and one nar settings to the environment, ensuring the system is not high-density EA. oversaturated and bottom detection is optimized. The density of each sector is user-dened and allows the In addition to Tracker, RESON will introduce in 2013 re- operator to focus on obtaining the highest resolution over al-time feature tracking that is activated when targets show the primary route while also obtaining information in the a continuous trend (i.e., pipelines, cables, trenches, debris secondary outer section of the corridor. This feature is called elds). This tracking algorithm is also designed to work the Flex Mode. beam steering such that the sonar automatically maintains
www.sea-technology.com MARCH 2013 / st 11 the high-density Flex Mode sector over targets. “The combined use of lidar and multibeam Combining Laser First implemented for terrestrial allows for surveyors to view the condition mapping purposes in the early 1980s, of the quay wall in real time lidar mapping has quickly expanded as a tool for morphological mapping from and also acquire quantitative information.” a variety of mounting platforms. Hard- ware advancements have led to lidar being mounted on small vessels, and software advancements have made al threat to port security. The surveys mance or better) and inertial naviga- it possible to integrate this high-reso- also monitored scour and detected de- tion system be integrated to ensure lution terrestrial data with multibeam bris entanglement. Another purpose of precise georeferencing. bathymetric data. the projects was change detection for RESON PDS2000 data acquisi- RESON has demonstrated this com- natural deterioration of infrastructure tion and processing software provides bination at the Port of Constanta in (i.e., quay walls), debris entanglement calibration tools for all RESON multi- Romania in 2010 with Shark Subsea and threat identication. beam systems and most lidar systems, Services (Constanta), the Port of Que- including Applanix (Richmond Hill, bec in Canada in 2012 with the Centre Survey Setup, Calibration, Acquisition Canada), Reigl (Horn, Austria), Optec Interdisciplinaire de Développement The survey setup is straightforward (Vaughan, Canada) and Dynascan (Ir- en Cartographie des Oceans (CIDCO) consisting of a SeaBat 7125 multibeam vine, California). Once calibrated, the and the Port of Savannah in January echosounder either pole- or hull- PDS2000 software is ready to acquire, 2013 with EMC Survey Inc. (Grenada, mounted to the vessel, with the lidar display and store the corrected geore- Mississippi). mounted at a high point on the vessel, ferenced topographic and bathymetric These projects inspected the ports’ allowing it to scan to port or starboard. information while also displaying the infrastructure, such as quay walls, Due to the high data rates and high bottom backscatter information in real bridge abutments, pilings and jetties, resolution of the multibeam sonar time. It can acquire, calibrate and visu- to assess their condition after con- (up to 50 hertz) and the lidar (10,000 alize lidar and multibeam data simul- tinuous exposure to the elements and hertz), it is critical that a high-precision taneously. check they were clear of any addition- motion sensor (0.025 degrees perfor- Results The most common use of this setup Technologyis for infrastructure inspection of quay walls and jetties. Quay walls are sub- ject to two primary erosive factors: nat- Sea ural deterioration above and beneath Magazinethe waterline due to constant exposure to saltwater and repeated contact with vessels during docking and disembark- ment. The combined use of lidar and multibeam allows for surveyors to view the condition of the quay wall in real time and also acquire quantitative information. Furthermore, the RESON SeaBat 7125 is capable of electronically steer- ing the swath within 5 degrees of hori- zontal, i.e., within 1.85 meters of the surface at 1.5 meters transducer depth, such that the surveyor can obtain 100 percent coverage of the quay wall within one tidal cycle. For example, in the Port of Quebec, CIDCO performed an inspection survey of 6 kilometers of docks in eight hours, during which they ran two lines, simultaneously obtaining 100 percent coverage, and identifying cracks and bulges along the walls together with several seabed targets. Upon completion of the survey, CI- DCO then quantied the condition of
12 st / MARCH 2013 www.sea-technology.com the quay walls by comparing the measured surface to a ver- tical reference surface. The result provided information on WAVE RADARS protrusions and gouges in the seawall, as well as temporal markers for deterioration that can be used for scheduling maintenance and repair intervals. Since the installation and calibration of the entire system is capable of centimeter-level precision, this same method- ology can also be utilized to verify the presence of potential threats to vessel trafc along the wall prior to scuba inspec- tion. DIRECTIONAL WAVE AND CURRENT MONITORING SM-050 WAVE AND CURRENT RADAR, Pathways Forward Microwave Doppler Radar of High Accuracy. In Feature Pack 3, RESON implemented Tracer, an ad- WAVEX, aptation of the standard 3D waterfall display found in most Wave and Current Extractor for Marine Radars. data acquisition systems. However, with Tracer, the user is Type Approved by DNV. no longer required to initiate the data acquisition software DIRECTIONAL WAVE AND CURRENT RADARS ARE WELL SUITED FOR: since the display is built directly into the SeaBat user inter- ● Offshore structures and vessels. face and can be overlain with the standard sonar wedge ● Catamarans and high speed vessels. display. ● Naval and merchant vessels. ● Research and service vessels. Further, the backscatter intensity information (seen glow- ● Shore installations for ports and coastal stations. ing around each bottom detection point) is retained within the wedge display while the user has the option to color NON-DIRECTIONAL WAVE MONITORING, code the detection points themselves based on depth, un- AIR GAP AND TIDE GAUGE certainty (standard deviation quantication), quality or de- tection method (i.e., phase, amplitude or both). The color- SM-048 ALTIMETER AND SM-140 RANGE FINDER, coding is also present in the waterfall imagery, providing High Performance Microwave Sensors. the user real-time 3D information of the morphology of the NON-DIRECTIONAL MIROS RANGE FINDERS FEATURE: ● Wave profile and air gap from vessels and offshore structures. structure and variations in uncertainty that are often found ● Sea level and tide measurements, water level in ports and canals etc. as data either become less reliable or as materials change in ● Bridge clearance monitoring. composition. ● 10, 20, 50 and 85 meter range. ● No influence by fog, rain or water spray. As demonstrated at the Port of Savannah with EMC Sur- vey Inc., implementation of the Tracer display allows system operators to utilize the acoustic response on materials as well as morphology changes along a structure Technologyto determine OIL SPILL DETECTION if a threat to overall integrity of port infrastructure is present.
Conclusion Sea The use of integrated multibeam and laser-basedMagazine solu- tions for port and harbor applications can quickly obtain quantitative and qualitative information on infrastructures. The resulting information not only provides stunning imag- OIL SPILL DETECTION BY X-BAND RADARS, ery in real time, but also provides critical information for A New System Based on Processing of Radar images. decision makers on the physical condition and presence of threats both above and below the water’s surface. MAIN FEATURES: Since multibeam sonars are widely accepted hydro- ● Early detection of oil spills. ● Enables 24 hours a day skimmer operations. graphic tools, the same installation may be deployed for ● Prediction of oil spill drift. Q-route surveys as well as standard bathymetric surveys. n ● Flexible user interface. ● Add-on to the Wavex system, providing additional sea state information.
AREAS OF USE: ● Stand-by and oil recovery vessels participating in clean up operations. Chris Malzone is the vice president of sales for RESON Inc. His prior positions at ● Coast guard vessels for oil spill monitoring. RESON include eld engineer, test and verication engineer, and scientic and ● Oils rigs, FPSOs and tankers for oil spill monitoring. autonomous applications manager. Malzone holds a master’s in oceanography ● Oil terminals and refineries for oil spill monitoring in the terminal area. and geology and has more than 20 years of experience in the academic and private sectors. Developed in cooperation with NOFO Danny Wake is a senior product manager at RESON Inc. After graduating from – Norwegian Clean Seas Association the University of Glasgow with a degree in geomatics, he worked in the offshore for Operating Companies survey industry prior to joining RESON in 2005, where he commissioned fully integrated multibeam hydrographic solutions. He lectures in hydrographic sur- veying at the University of Glasgow.
Jeff Bartkowski is the RESON Inc. sales manager responsible for the defense, Solbråveien 20, NO-1383 Asker, Norway homeland security and autonomous vehicle market sectors. After graduating Tel: +47 66 98 75 00, Fax: +47 66 90 41 70 with a master’s in biology from Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute in 2005, he E-mail: offi[email protected], Web Site: miros.no began his career in the marine technology industry focusing on the navigation - measuring the ocean surface and acoustic positioning of subsea vehicles. www.sea-technology.com MARCH 2013 / st 13 Sink Different
Underwater surveying is one of the most complex fields you’ll ever encounter. Technology Eleven years ago we realized the smart people Sea engaged in this eld had been wasting mental Magazineenergy working with tools that made their jobs more dicult. Marine Magnetics got into this business to change that. We believe good data, ruggedness, eciency and user-centric ease-of-use are not luxuries, but the bar for entry. We build products that work harder and smarter. Our marine magnetometers are designed to help you focus on the mission, not the manual. Good design can change the way we work. Great design changes the way we think.
learn more at marinemagnetics.com Material Selection For Seawater Sensors Nickel Superalloys Offer Optimal Corrosion-Resistance By Karmjit Sidhu
eawater attacks metals at varying water depths, resulting Sin corrosion accelerated by the different levels of oxy- gen, temperature, pH, salinity, chlorinity, biological activ- ity, electrical conductivity and velocity ow rates present in seawater at various depths. Sensors, including pressure and linear position sensors, are widely used for control and safety functions at various depth levels for applications in offshore platforms, desalina- tion systems, mooring cables, seaoor wellheads, and oil and gas gathering systems. During operation, sensors can be sub- merged in seawater at varying depths, based on tides, up to 1,000 feet. To operate in these environments, sensors must be constructed from corrosion-resistant materials so that units can provide continuous information under hostile conditions. As demand for sensors to be in contact with seawaterTechnology and sea fog increases for applications such as loading systems, subsea mooring cables, control valves, chokes, desalination plants and platform stability, specifyingSea sensor materials de- The pitting of a 316L pressure-sensor diaphragm 0.030 inches pends upon the proper selection of alloys suitableMagazine for the thick with less than one-month service near the Great Barrier Reef in Australia. subsea application and service environment. Whether cor- rosion comes from varying seawater depth levels, galvanic effects or biological attack, matching the proper materials For instance, pitting occurred in an American Sen- for service application is the top priority for good sensor sor Technologies Inc. (Mount Olive, New Jersey) 316L performance over a long period of time. Material selection 0.03-inch-thick pressure-sensor diaphragm, with less than is also often affected by system-reliability requirements, one-month service near the Great Barrier Reef in Australia. availability, cost and manufacturability. This was part of a desalination application where seawater was pressurized to approximately 1,500 pounds per square Seawater Characteristics Leading to Corrosion inch before being converted to drinking water. The unit was Containing high levels of salts, dissolved oxygen, carbon di- replaced with another product from American Sensor Tech- oxide and micro-organisms, seawater environments are highly nologies constructed of a nickel superalloy, Inconel 625, that corrosive. Corrosion rates vary by the combination of location, was much more corrosion-resistant than 316L stainless steel temperature and micro-organism activity. Stagnant or polluted in warm, shallow seawater. waters are additional triggers that often promote sulfate-re- ducing bacteria (SRB) that can affect sensor materials’ perfor- Corrosion by Micro-Organisms in Seawater mance. The major constituents of seawater containing nega- Microbially induced corrosion (MIC) is a very serious tive ions are chloride, sulfate, bromine and bicarbonate, while problem that affects sensor operation based on different ser- positive ions are sodium, magnesium, calcium and potassium. vice conditions and materials used in sensor construction, Seawater increases localized corrosion of stainless steels especially low-grade austenitic stainless steels. It is a cor- and other active-passive materials as a result of dissolved rosion process involving material degradation that normal- chlorides and other salts. This type of corrosion occurs in the ly occurs on welded joints and leads to weld failure if not form of pitting, crevice or intergranular. The high electrical checked and treated in time. conductivity of seawater promotes macro cell corrosion and In oxygen-rich environments, aerobic bacteria are active, increases galvanic corrosion, which accelerates tempera- while anaerobic bacteria can be found in low-oxygen envi- ture rise as well, further promoting corrosion. ronments. Bacteria can be described as slime-forming, acid-
www.sea-technology.com MARCH 2013 / st 15 tent and pitting resistance equivalent factor (PREN) value “Matching the proper materials greater than 40 have to be used as an alternative to stainless for service application steel. However, this alloy does not guarantee long reliable sensor life in new deep-sea and Arctic applications. is the top priority For PREN calculations, the key elements of chromium for good sensor performance (Cr), molybdenum (Mo) and nitrogen (N) are used as the over a long period of time.” weighted factor, with its multiplier to determine the overall value. The common formula used is: PREN = % Cr + (3.3 x producing, iron-oxidizing, sulfate-reducing, and iron- and % Mo) + (16 x % N). nitrate-reducing. There are hundreds of individual species Inconel 625 and Hastelloy C-276 are two primary al- of bacteria that form MIC. Colonies of MIC bacteria typi- loys within the nickel superalloy family that offer excel- cally form local clusters on a sensor, with the location iden- lent protection against corrosion due to higher content of tiable as a rough spot, inclusion site, corrosion site or cut nickel, chromium and molybdenum. These superalloys are on the material surface. These colonies, feeding on oxygen, the optimal choice for sensors, as well as all other critical iron and manganese, produce a sticky paste that lures a host components, when it comes to reliability and trouble-free of other biological and nonbiological species that, in turn, operation for many years. attack the sensor surface leading to crevices, oxygen- and In comparison to stainless steels and duplex steels, these ion-concentration cells to form, which results in corrosion. alloys cost more. However, they offer total immunity against SRB can be very corrosive and aggressive when environ- localized corrosion, as well as oxidizing and reducing ele- mental conditions are right for its growth, stimulating it to ments. convert sulfate to harmful sulde. To grow, SRB relies on acid-producing bacteria (APB), the main initiator of MIC. Conclusion APB consumes oxygen and produces low molecular weight, When specifying a sensor, it is important to consider the organic acid and alcohol. It is this organic acid that SRB eat, seawater environment, the location and the conditions in which starts the process of producing hydrogen sulde. The which a unit must operate. Materials must be carefully se- sulde, acting as a cathode to steel, attacks the steel sur- lected to withstand variable corrosion properties to ensure face of a sensor in an electrochemical corrosion process and trouble-free operation. The long-term cost of ownership starts to consume anodic iron. This results in the pitting and should be taken into account as some locations, particularly creation of crusty tops or akes on the surface of the sensor on the seabed, are not easy to access to replace failing sen- material. The process accelerates as seawater temperature sors without spending a lot of money and downtime. ranges between 25° and 41° C, subject to location. Choosing Inconel 625 or Hastelloy C-276 materials for sensors as an alternative to stainless steels and nickel alloys Titanium and nickel-based superalloys offer much better n protection for sensors against localized corrosion.Technology In some is best when working in seawater environments. cases, Monel 400 and Monel K materials have been used successfully in shallow, warm waters, particularly in the Middle East and Africa. Sea Karmjit Sidhu is the vice president of business development for American Sen- Magazinesor Technologies. He is responsible for business and product development for Stainless Steels and Nickel Superalloys global markets for pressure, level and position sensor products utilizing cutting- Many common stainless steels, such as 304 and 316, edge technologies. He holds a bachelor’s in electrical and electronics engineer- ing, and a master’s in industrial measurement systems from Brunel University, should not be used for sensors that will operate in direct England. He is conducting his Ph.D. in material science at New Jersey Institute contact with seawater. Duplex steels with higher alloy con- of Technology.
16 st / MARCH 2013 www.sea-technology.com Technology Sea Magazine
www.sea-technology.com MARCH 2013 / st 17 Integrated Solutions for Dredge-Monitoring Applications
Providing accurate and stable conductivity, temperature, depth, turbidity, PAR, and dissolved oxygen
SBE 16plus V2 SeaCAT CTD with SBE 18 pH & WET Labs SBE 16plus-IM V2 SeaCAT CTD with ECO-NTU with Bio-wiper™ SBE 63 Optical DO & WET Labs ECO-NTU & ECO-PAR with Bio-wipers™ WQM-Dredges with Inductive Modem Modules & battery packs Photo by DHI
Photo by WorleyParsons, Perth, Australia Technology Sea SBE 16plus V2 SeaCAT CTDs WQM prior to Magazine with WET Labs ECO-NTU & deployment on buoy WQM upon recovery; ECO-PAR with Bio-wiper™ VLJQL¿FDQWELRIRXOLQJDORQJLQVWUXPHQWEXW FOHDURSWLFDOZLQGRZIURPXVHRI%LRZLSHU
Photo by DHI
Photo by DHI Photo by Imbros
Sea-Bird Electronics WET Labs www.seabird.com www.wetlabs.com www.satlantic.com
18 st / MARCH 2013 www.sea-technology.com Successful Capture of Ultradeep Sea Animals From the Puerto Rico Trench Amphipods Recovered From 8,000 Meters With Robotic Vehicle System #Z/JDIPMB$-BDFZt%S"MBO++BNJFTPOt%S'SFESJL4SFJEF
n a deployment last year to more than 8,000 meters deepest points, large swarms of amphipods rapidly con- Odepth in the Puerto Rico Trench, a prototype robot- sume bait and are comprised almost exclusively of one ic vehicle system, the 11k, recovered several samples of species. deep-sea animals (Sea Technology magazine, December Exactly what species dominate any given trench appears 2012). The 11k, developed by Promare (Chester, Connecti- to be trench-specic. Their survival at extreme depths is cut), also recorded HD video of the sea oor. The most con- thought to be due to a combination of diet plasticity, rapid spicuous aspect of the footage was the swarm of benthic consumption of relatively large food parcels, incredible amphipods (crustaceans commonly known as hoppers), pressure tolerance and the ability to survive long periods of which rapidly accumulated at the bait tied to the vehicle. starvation, as they are very reliant on infrequent food falls These amphipods, collected by small nets mounted on the descending from overlying waters. 11k, are now being studied to further understand the fauna of deep trenches. Amphipods are prolic scavengers in the deep sea, Frame grab from the HD video recorded by the 11k, show- dominating the deepest trench communities. While the di- ing the amphipods on the bottom of the Puerto Rico Trench. versity of amphipods decreases with depth in Technologyeach trench, (Photo Credit: Promare) their abundance increases exponentially. Therefore, at the Sea Magazine
www.sea-technology.com MARCH 2013 / st 19 Extending the Reach of Amphipod Research One of the recovered Scopelocheirus schel- S. schellenbergi was rst discovered in the lenbergi amphipods from more than 8,000 Puerto Rico Trench in 1948 when the Swed- meters in the Puerto Rico Trench. (Photo ish vessel Albatross, under the leadership of Credit: Toyonobu Fujii) Hans Pettersson, successfully bottom trawled between depths of 7,625 and 7,900 meters. Among other benthic fauna, the recovered amphipods were later described as S. schel- lenbergi by Russian scientists J.A. Birstein and M.E. Vinogradov in 1958. In the mid-1970s, a deep trawl was con- ducted in the trench to 8,800 meters, whereby six amphipods were collected but unfortunately were not identied to species level. Similarly, two box cores from 8,560 meters were also obtained, recovering more than 30 unidentied amphipod samples. Given the abundance of this species from the 11k deployment, it is likely that many of these samples were also S. schellenbergi. Technology capable of sampling at such depths is limited with two ROVs (Nereus at the Amphipod Location Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution and Abismo at the Ja- The samples recovered by 11k were Scopelocheirus schel- pan Agency for Marine-Earth Science and Technology, or JAM- lenbergi, a species of lysianassoid amphipod that have so far STEC), one submersible (James Cameron’s Deepsea Challeng- only been found in ultradeep trenches. They are typically found er) and seven landers (four at Aberdeen University, two at the in the deep subduction trenches of the Pacic Ocean from the Scripps Institution of Oceanography and one at JAMSTEC). The Aleutian Trench in the north Pacic and the Kuril-Kamchatka, 11k, particularly in its role as both AUV and ROV, adds to the Japan, New Hebrides and the Tonga-Kermadec trenches, which global capability at these depths. run down the western Pacic Rim. In these trenches S. schel- lenbergi has been found between 6,000 and 9,104 meters, the Future Research deepest of which came from the Kermadec Trench. The samples obtained by the 11k are of immense value The interesting point concerning the presence of this spe- to an ongoing sample archive. The HADEEP project has cies in the Puerto Rico Trench is that there is no direct cor- sampled multiple trenches around the Pacic Rim over the ridor of equivalent depth between the north andTechnology western past six years and has successfully performed nearly 40 de- Pacic Trenches and the Puerto Rico Trench. This level of ployments of cameras and traps in ve trenches from 4,000 isolation offers a tantalizing question as to how the same to 10,000 meters (more than 30 of which are greater than species came to be in multipleSea trenches that are isolated 6,000 meters). from one another. Furthermore, the closest trenchMagazine to the Among these data is now the largest collection of amphi- Puerto Rico Trench is the Peru-Chile Trench. Although thou- pod samples from the ultradeep trenches. These samples are sands of amphipods were captured from 4,000 to 8,000 me- now available for genetic sequencing, allowing scientists to ters in 2010 by the Hadal Environmental Science Education examine the genetic connectivity between these incredibly Program (HADEEP), not a single S. schellenbergi was found. deep and isolated habitats.
20 st / MARCH 2013 www.sea-technology.com 10 “Technology capable 20 of sampling at such 30 CLEARLY depths is limited. 40 SUPERIOR 50 )VER The 11k, particularly in 60 Autonomous its role as both IMAGING 70 AUV and ROV, 80 Underwater adds to the global 90 Vehicle capability at these SONAR 100 depths.” SYSTEMS 110 SIDE SCAN SONARS 120 The species found in the Puerto 130 Rico Trench has in recent years been again sampled from the Tonga-Ker- 140 madec and Japan trenches. The Puerto 150 Rico 11k samples will help scientists to
160 investigate the genetic and evolution- ary connectivity between these isolat- 170 ed ultradeep communities. 180 The 11k will be deployed again in
190 2013. There are plans to begin produc- tion of a commercial version of the 11k 200 system. A low-cost, easy-to-deploy, full 210 ocean depth robotic vehicle system SUB-BOTTOM PROFILERS will allow for an increased explora- 220 tion tempo in the deepest parts of the 230 world’s oceans. )VER !56)DEALLY SUITED 240 TO EXECUTE A VARIETY OF "DLOPXMFEHNFOUTTechnology 250 missions in near coastal environments Nichola Lacey and Dr. Alan Jamie- 260 Season are funded by the Marine Alliance for Science & Technology for Scotland 270 s %ASY TO OPERATE Magazine (MASTS) pooling initiative, with a 280 s 3INGLE PERSON LAUNCH grant from the Scottish Funding Coun- AND RECOVERY 290 cil (HR09011). s #OMMERCIAL OPEN 300 SYSTEM ARCHITECTURE References 310 s )NTUITIVE MISSION PLANNER For a list of references, contact BATHYMETRY SYSTEMS Dr. Fredrik Søreide at fredrik@pro 320 s 3CIENCE PAYLOADS mare.org. n 330 available s ,OW COST !56 + 53$ Nichola Lacey is a Marine Alliance for Science & Technology for Scotland-funded Ph.D. student based at the University of Aberdeen’s Oceanlab under the supervision of Dr. Alan Jamieson. Lacey’s research is focused on understanding the ecol- ogy and physiology of amphipods inhabiting hadal depths at 6 to 11 kilometers deep.
Dr. Alan Jamieson is a lecturer in marine biology at the University of Aberdeen, based at Oceanlab. His research focuses on the development of novel deep-sea technology for biological research at abyssal and particularly hadal depths.
Dr. Fredrik Søreide is the vice president of Promare The Leader in Underwater Technology and is responsible for its new deepwater explora- tion initiative. He is also a professor of marine en- www.ocean-server.com gineering at the Norwegian University of Science +1 508 678 0550 and Technology. He has been involved in numerous [email protected] marine scientic and exploration projects around USA 1.508.291.0057 the world.
www.sea-technology.com MARCH 2013 / st 21 "67%FTJHOFE For Marine Measurements Small, Low-Cost Platform With ADCP, CTD for Water Proling #Z-JV+JFt-JBOH+JF
esigned to measure dynamic %ocean environmental ele- ments, a new AUV developed by Technology the National Ocean Technology Center (NOTC) of China is a low- cost, small observation platformSea capable of underwater autonomous Magazine navigation and positioning. To mea- sure current prole, CTD prole, water level and water depth, the AUV carries instruments such as an upward-looking acoustic Dop- pler current proler (ADCP), down- looking ADCP and CTD. Upon reaching a desired loca- tion, the AUV will sink and remain xed in place on the seaoor to con- duct continuous bottom-supported measurements. The AUV will then automatically ascend after a preset period and also conduct measure- ments during the return process. When navigating on the surface, the AUV will transmit (Top) The AUV during testing in the South China Sea in De- the acquired data to users via satellite. Users can obtain raw cember 2011. data from the AUV through a cable connection and process the data via NOTC software. (Bottom) CTD measurements during descent and ascent of the AUV in December 2011. "67%FTJHO The AUV platform is 3.8 meters long and 0.6 meters high, measurement, the AUV adopts a tri-body structure of a main with a diameter of 250 millimeters. There is a 100-millime- chamber and two slender ballast tanks, all connected by ter-diameter, coupled ancillary chamber on each side of the four support legs. The main chamber of the AUV consists of torpedo-shaped main chamber. For stable bottom-supported compartments for oceanographic measurements, a battery, 22 st / MARCH 2013 www.sea-technology.com Sea & Sun Marine Tech The North and East components of the speed-time curve during December 2011 testing.
communications and propul- sion. For reliable connections and sealing, these compart- ments are connected and sealed by clamps and reinforcing ribs. Upon reaching the preset observation position, the AUV’s water tank will be injected with seawater and then sink. When the preset rising time is met, the AUV can automatically rise from the seaoor through take- monitoring unit (black box). Each one off-and-ejection-type load discarding. controls and manages corresponding Design factors such as the sensors’ instruments, equipment and parts, and structure, layout, line shape and ow cooperates with each other to realize eld analysis were taken into account. respective functions under the control The design includes two main aspects. of the general control unit. First, the CTD must be able to mea- The AUV has wired, wireless and sure freshwater (if it cannot, the ac- satellite communications. Safety mea- curacy of measurement data could be sures include forward-looking sonar to affected) and have the ability to avoid Technology detect and avoid obstacles, an acoustic bubbles caused by the vehicle’s move- beacon to send sound signals for ve- ment. However, simply installing the Seahicle tracing in case of an accident and CTD on the AUV body would destroy a blackMagazine box to record work processes the laminar ow eld and increase the and states. water resistance of the vehicle, so this had to be compensated in the design. 8PSLýPX A hydrokinetic fairwater cone was de- To meet the measurement require- signed for the CTD, which was adapted ments, the AUV adopts the trapezoid to the nose shell of the AUV. Through prole measurement mode and the this method, the effect of the CTD on bottom-supported measurement mode. the ow eld is minimized. The former is named after the shape Second, an ADCP needs a low- the AUV creates relative to the sea noise environment and immunity from surface when cruising. A whole pro- the vehicle’s navigation posture and le includes water surface navigation, movement-created bubbles. Like the descending operation, underwater CTD, the ADCP array would also in- horizontal navigation and ascending crease the water resistance of the vehi- operation. cle. To solve this problem, two fairwa- The tracking, mission and other ter cones were designed and installed information will be input through the around the upward and downward deck unit before deployment. The AUV ADCPs; a design that proved to be ef- will then carry out both the trapezoid fective in later experiments. Sea & Sun prole measurements and bottom-sup- The AUV’s control system adopts Technology ported measurements according to the a eld bus-based distributed structure information. and consists of a general control unit, The AUV will make several vertical a navigation control unit, a measuring trapezoid proles along the route for and communication unit, a navigation cruising measurements. When oating and positioning unit, and a system- in the water, it will conduct GPS po-
www.sea-technology.com MARCH 2013 / st 23 Technology Sea Magazine
24 st / MARCH 2013 www.sea-technology.com The CTD curve during the bottom- supported measurement in December 2011.
site, the AUV will oat on the surface and send the position information to users for recovery. According to the designed measur- ing modes, the following information during cruising would be acquired: several CTD trapezoid data proles within a depth of 100 meters along the route, with a minimum space interval of the proles (maximum 400) up to 1 kilometer (much higher than the measuring line density of a research vessel), 100 layers of current proles with the maximum range of 200 me- ters and a depth variation curve within sitioning and pressure modication, and send the data via 200 meters. satellite. Upon reaching a preset position underwater, the In the bottom-supported measurement mode, continu- water chamber will be injected and then sink to the bottom, ous data at 100 meters depth for 72 hours can be ob- where GPS positioning will be conducted again. Continu- tained, including about 50 layers of current proles, aver- ous bottom-supported measurement will begin when the age depth of water, seabed temperature, conductivity and AUV reaches the seabed. water level. At the preset rising time, the load will be released, and The variation characteristics of local tides and currents the AUV will ascend and make a return voyage. During the can be analyzed based on the data. Moreover, the water car- return, the platform will make cruising prole measure- ried in the ballast tank of the AUV could be used as a sample ments along the original route. Upon reaching the recovery for local water quality analysis. Technology Sea Magazine
www.sea-technology.com MARCH 2013 / st 25 Technology Sea Magazine
26 st / MARCH 2013 www.sea-technology.com South China Sea Testing Underwater xed-depth navigation The AUV was deployed for full- measurements were conducted at 30 function testing in the South China Sea meters, with the duration of a single Sea & Sun in December 2011, as a follow up to prole measurement at more than one Technology the rst testing conducted in the Yel- hour. The bottom-supported observa- low Sea in September 2011. The AUV tion at 49 meters lasted for 13 hours. carried the following instruments: The current measurements at 4 to LinkQuest Inc.’s (San Diego, Califor- 48 meters depth (the surface layer) nia) FlowQuest 300 upward-looking were obtained by the ADCP. The tem- and down-looking ADCP, Sea-Bird perature and conductivity descended Electronics Inc.’s (Bellevue, Washing- with the rise of the tide and reached ton) SBE 49 CTD, Imagenex Technol- the minimum when the tide was at its ogy Corp.’s (Port Coquitlam, Canada) highest. With the ebbing of the tide, Model 881A digital proling sonar and temperature and conductivity rose LinkQuest’s TrackLink 1500 ultrashort slightly, then increased rapidly. baseline acoustic tracking system. From September to October 2012, During the December 2011 testing, the AUV underwent more sea trials in the AUV took 14 hours to complete the the northern waters of the South China bottom-supported measurement stage, Sea to further validate its design fea- according to the preset time. The AUV tures. Conditions were six on the Beau- adopted the trapezoid prole measure- fort wind scale, with a maximum wave ment and bottom-supported measure- height of 4 to 5 meters. The AUV, using ment modes, and nished all tests, the same instruments as during the pre- such as water surface navigation, de- vious testing, spent 74 hours conduct- scent, submarine navigation, bottom- ing bottom-supported measurement supported observation, rising at the set at 105-meters maximum depth on a time, ascent and auto-return. The navi- 103-kilometer course. Data were mea- gation posture was stable, and the plat- sured every 5 minutes, and a total of form traveled a total of 60 kilometers, 886 data sets were obtained. with the maximum single voyage up to 32 kilometers. Conclusion Testing demonstrated that the AUV developed by NOTC functions as a bottom-supportedTechnology continuous-measure- ment vehicle, with variable buoyancy, self-localization and trapezoidal cross- Seasection prole measurement. It can obtainMagazine data on ocean current velocity, CTD, water level and other environ- mental parameters. Improving the applicability of the AUV and using higher-capacity batter- ies to increase its operational distance will be done in the future, if plans are approved by NOTC. The AUV will be used to observe marine environmental emergencies, such as oil spills. n
Liu Jie is a senior engineer at the National Ocean Technology Center of China. He received his bachelor’s degree in computer application from Tianjin Normal Uni- versity in 1994.
Liang Jie is a professor at the National Ocean Tech- nology Center of China. He received a bachelor’s degree in oceanography physics from Ocean Uni- versity of China in 1984.
www.sea-technology.com MARCH 2013 / st 27 TOTAL OCEAN MARKET COVERAGE CHECK OUT THIS COMPREHENSIVE EDITORIAL PACKAGE 2013
JANUARY Annual Review & Forecast SEA TECHNOLOGY® WORLDWIDE INFORMATION LEADER FOR FEBRUARY MARINE BUSINESS, SCIENCE & ENGINEERING Instrumentation: Measurement, Processing & Analysis The only magazine that addresses **US HYDRO 2013, March 25-28, New Orleans, LA the total oceanographic field from **8th Maritime Communications & Technology Summit, undersea defense to offshore oil March 27-28, London, U.K. ...globally. **Ocean Business 2013, April 9-11, Southampton, U.K. Recognized by tens of thousands as the authority for design, engineering, MARCH and application of equipment and Electronic Charting/Vessel Management/Ports & services for government and industry. Harbors/Dredging/Homeland Security **Global Marine Renewable Energy Conference, April 10-11, ...and most of all, IT SELLS! Washington, DC
ADVERTISING CLOSES ON APRIL THE 15TH OF THE MONTH Offshore Technology/Alternative Energy & Ocean Engineering PRECEDING ISSUE DATE **Offshore Technology Conference 2013, May 6-9, Houston, TX MAY BONUS INFORMATION TO KEEP Communications, Telemetry, Data Processing OUR READERS UP-TO-DATE **EnergyOcean International 2013, June 10-12, Book Reviews 2EZ]'YVVIRXW Providence/Warwick, RI 'ETMXEP6ITSVX 3GIER&YWMRIWW **Oceans ’13 MTS/IEEE Bergen, June 10-13, Bergen, Norway 'SQTER]4VSJMPIW 3GIER)RKMRIIVMRK **Commercial Marine Expo, June 12-13, Hampton, VA 'SRXVEGXW 3GIER6IWIEVGL **UDT Europe 2013, June 18-20, Hamburg, Germany )RZMVSRQIRXEP 4ISTPI Monitoring Product TechnologyJUNE -RXIVREXMSREP Development Seafloor Mapping/Sonar Systems/Vessels 1EVMRI6IRI[EFPIW Reviews 1EVMRI6IWSYVGIW 7SETFS\Sea JULY 1IIXMRKW 780SSOW&EGO MagazineDeck Gear, Cable, Connectors & Power Systems
OTHER OPPORTUNITIES AUGUST 7IE8IGLRSPSK]&Y]IVW+YMHe/Directory Ocean Resources Development & Coastal Zone Management (2014 edition closes October 25, 2013) **SEG 2013, September 22-27, Houston, TX 7IE8IGLI2I[W **Oceans ’13 MTS/IEEE San Diego, September 23-27, 'SQQIVGMEP*MWLIVMIW2I[W San Diego, CA *MWL*EVQIVW4LSRI&SSO(MVIGXSV] *MWL*EVQMRK2I[W SEPTEMBER 'SQQIVGMEP1EVMRI(MVIGXSV] Geophysical Exploration/Seafloor Engineering 'SQTEWW6IWIEVGL&YVIEYVITSVXW **Offshore Energy 2013, October 15-16, Amsterdam, (MVIGXQEMPPMWXVIRXEPW The Netherlands 6ITVMRXW &ERRIVERHWO]WGVETIV;IFEHW OCTOBER Environmental Monitoring, Remote Sensing & Pollution Control **CLEAN GULF 2013, November 12-14, Tampa, FL EDITORIAL CONTACTS Aileen Torres NOVEMBER Undersea Defense/Antisubmarine Warfare
ADVERTISING CONTACTS DECEMBER C. Amos Bussmann Diving, Underwater Vehicles & Imaging Sue Ingle Owen **Underwater Intervention 2014, February 4-6, New Orleans, LA **Extra show distribution
Compass Publications, Inc. :LOVRQ%OYG6XLWH$UOLQJWRQ9$ 7HO )D[ ZZZVHDWHFKQRORJ\FRP RFHDQEL]#VHDWHFKQRORJ\FRP HGLWRULDO VHDWHFKDGV#VHDWHFKQRORJ\FRP DGYHUWLVLQJSURGXFWLRQ 1963 - 2013 Celebrating 50 years of serving the global ocean community ST Conference Preview
(MPCBM.BSJOF3FOFXBCMF Energy Conference
he sixth Global Marine Renewable Energy Conference, partment of Energy. Other sessions will cover permitting, Tor GMREC VI, is slated for April 10 and 11 at the Almas MHK in the northwest, the development of the U.S. and in- Temple in Washington, D.C. Last year’s conference, at the ternational MHK markets, reducing the cost of energy, and same venue, attracted participants from more than 20 coun- wave energy opportunities with the U.S. Navy and Depart- tries and brought together policy, regulatory and technology ment of Energy. leaders. The second day of talks will examine technology and GMREC will include up- projects around the dates from the Implementing world, opportunities in Agreement on Ocean Energy other markets, capturing Systems (OES-IA), the U.S. Gulf Stream energy in Department of Energy, U.S. Florida, wave and tidal National Labs, chief execu- energy in New England, tives of global marine and nancing and support- hydrokinetic (MHK) renew- ing MHK in the U.K. and able energy companies, ma- Technology Ireland, projects in New jor technology developers and MHK consulting rms from Zealand, Australia and Canada, and investment opportuni- around the world. ties in new technologies. Expected to attend GMRECSea this year are engineers and researchers; environmental analysts, scientistsMagazine and biolo- 4QFBLFST gists; attorneys and regulatory specialists; technology de- Conrmed speakers include OES-IA Chairman Jose Luis velopers and innovators; investors and venture capitalists; Vilate from Tecnalia (Derio, Spain), a private technology federal, state, and local government policymakers and regu- center that is one of the main organizations devoted to ap- lators; and nongovernmental organizations. plied research in Europe. Also conrmed is Jochen Bard from the Fraunhofer-Gesellschaft Institute, Europe’s largest Marine Energy Technical Symposium application-oriented research organization, and Henry Jef- This year’s conference will host the inaugural Marine frey from the University of Edinburgh. Energy Technical Symposium (METS), which comprises 40 The CEOs of U.S. tidal companies Ocean Renewable technical presentations by U.S. and international authors Power Co. (Portland, Maine) and Verdant Power (New York from academia, industry and national laboratories. City, New York), along with the U.S. wave energy companies METS presentations will detail aspects of wave energy Columbia Power Technologies (Charlottesville, Virginia), converter and water current turbine design, analysis and Neptune Wave Power (Dallas, Texas) and Resolute Marine measurement techniques that have the potential to advance Energy (Boston, Massachusetts), will provide updates on the scientic understanding of the technologies. their early deployments, commercial progress and lessons learned. Panels and Conference Topics Another standout is John Huckerby, director of Power At GMREC VI, attendees can expect to learn about up- Projects Ltd. (Wellington, New Zealand), which collaborat- dates on deployed projects, and lessons learned from de- ed on the Wave Energy Technology-New Zealand program ployments and other marine-based industries, including (WET-NZ) that served as the rst wave technology to be de- offshore wind, marine architecture, offshore safety and con- ployed at the Northwest National Marine Renewable Energy struction, advanced materials, metals fabrication and inter- Center in Oregon. national standards development. The rst day of technical panels will discuss the state of Registration water power research and development, and feature CEOs For more information on the conference, visit www.glo from companies that have won awards from the U.S. De- balmarinerenewable.com. n
www.sea-technology.com MARCH 2013 / st 29 "3FBM5JNF4ZOPQUJD7JFX Of Ocean Currents
Using Satellite Data to Compute Near-Real-Time Sea Surface Velocities
#Z%S.BSD-VDBTt %S)ÏMÒOF&UJFOOFt%S&SJD(SFJOFS
etting an accurate picture of oceanic surface conditions measurements, and the mesoscale is derived from a combi- Gis crucial for most seagoing activities. Traditional ob- nation of OGCM and satellite altimetry data. A global tide serving methods often only provide single-point data (i.e., model is used to add the tidal component. To calibrate the a rotor current meter) or, at best, one-dimensional proles model parameters, in-situ data are drawn from drifting oats (i.e., an acoustic Doppler current proler, or ADCP) and re- and ADCPs, which, in this case, included CLS’s MAR-GE/T quire considerable effort to install and maintain, making it drifters and the Teledyne RD Instruments (Poway, California) difcult to get a synoptic view of the ocean. This is a sig- 300-kilohertz Workhorse Monitor ADCPs. Data from tidal nicant drawback as a synoptic vision is fundamental if the gauges can also be used to improve the tidal model. user is to get a feel and an understanding of the oceanic The HCS is fully dependant on the quality of the input conditions in his area of interest, in a similar way to what data used to constrain and force the model. Drifters or any has been achieved in meteorology. current measurement data can be used in order to correct Satellite data have gone a long way in providing this synop- the produced current forecast in an a-posterior treatment. tic vision, with the introduction of very high-resolution infra- The nal eld is often more realistic and closer to the ob- red sea surface temperature and ocean color data. However, servations, with a more accurate positioning of dominant satellites do not provide direct measurement of Technology ocean cur- features, such as eddies. rents, which is the variable that is of greatest interest. In recent years, numerical models have been developed to answer this %BUB4PVSDFT need, but, in spite of advances inSea data assimilation techniques An important feature of the HCS is the access to multiple and resolution, the scientic complexity and numericalMagazine cost sources of data. Depending on the specic area chosen, dif- often mean that they fall short of the end user’s expectations. ferent products will be used to represent specic scales of Therefore, there is a need to develop a method where the dynamics. satellite data can provide an operational delivery of cur- Satellite data offer numerous advantages over traditional rent data in a given region. To this end, CLS (Ramonville- ocean observing techniques, such as offering 2D spatial St.-Agne, France) created the Hybrid Current System (HCS), coverage, being nearly global and remaining unaffected by which incorporates relevant and available satellite data in issues such as the remoteness of the location or the local a way that is made to be easily deployable, relocatable and computationally inexpen- sive. This system is designed to answer the need for ocean surface currents in hindcast as well as in forecast situations.
)ZCSJE$VSSFOU4ZTUFN%FTJHO The HCS combines uid dynamic equa- tions with near-real-time satellite observa- tions and 3D ocean general circulation model (OGCM) analysis to provide the user with a three-day forecast. Data are intro- duced into the model using spectral nudg- ing techniques and damping coefcients. Depending on the available data, each model’s variables (e.g., velocity, meridional velocity, model layer depth) are damped on different spatial scales. The high-resolution A schematic diagram of the HCS. velocity of the model comes from satellite
30 st / MARCH 2013 www.sea-technology.com The Campos conguration comparison with drifter data and current module (top) and direction (bottom).
weather conditions (although cloud cover can be an issue). Satellite data time coverage is also better, as the data are often continuous, with time series going back as far as 20 years. In addition, the resolution of satellite data is very high and able to reach down to a few meters for synthetic aperture radar imagery, although it is often in the range of a few ki- lometers for most products. Furthermore, the near-real-time delivery of the data takes a few Technology hours, which is quicker than the characteristic time scales ofSea many ocean phenomena. ity Magazine intensity distribution, often from Two aspects of the data determine the Mercator Ocean (Ramonville-St.- its suitability for use by the HCS: qual- Agne) model but also from regional ity and availability in real and near-real models when available. These opera- time, and in forecast modes. Hence, if tional models use in-situ observation consistent with the HCS’s needs, priority and along-track satellite data, such as is given to these data sets in operational altimetry. mode. There are three types of data used Atmospheric data are used to cal- in the production of the HCS currents. culate the wind-driven part of the Satellite Data. Satellite data are ow, often from the European Centre used to provide information on the for Medium-Range Weather Forecasts large-scale circulation (altimetry data, (ECMWF) model and from available often from CLS’s Aviso Web server) local congurations. through the geostrophy calculation. It Tidal model data from a global CLS- is also used to give information on the run tidal model gives the tidal currents. small-scale features, such as sea sur- In-Situ Data. Ocean in-situ data face temperature and ocean color data, from ADCPs, rotor current meters or through the surface quasigeostrophic drifting oats are used to congure approach. Sea surface temperature and and validate an HCS conguration. ocean color data are operationally pro- CLS has developed and maintains a duced at CLS. database of all available drifters’ data Model Data. Three types of model from France’s Coriolis data center or data are used in the HCS: Ocean, at- Argo oat program. mospheric and tidal. Ocean model Atmospheric in-situ data can be data provide boundary conditions and used by the HCS to determine the information on the large-scale veloc- wind-driven part of the circulation.
www.sea-technology.com MARCH 2013 / st 31 Campos Con guration the surface current strength. The RMS difference is 13 cen- The Campos conguration, extends from 29 to 14 de- timeters per second. Considering the current direction, the grees south and from 50 to 35 degrees east along the Bra- mean difference with drifters is about –3.4 degrees with a zilian coast. The bathymetry of the Campos conguration root mean square difference equal to 73 degrees. comes from a one-sixtieth-of-a-degree CLS database. The In one area, the direction differences were greater than time step is 600 seconds. For storage reasons, the output 45 degrees, which corresponds mainly to the northern open frequency was set to one hour (in theory, it could be set to boundary. The same differences can be found in the input 10 minutes). The Campos conguration is run from March data set used to specify the surface current through the open 2010 to March 2011. boundary. In other words, the difference with the drifter data Inside the Campos domain, the wind-driven part of the is not only due to the HCS but also to the boundary forcing circulation is calculated from ECMWF six hourly elds. The data used. In the interior, the features showing greater direc- large-scale and coastal circulation are altered through a tion differences with drifters correspond to mesoscale pat- restoring to the daily Mercator Ocean (St.-Agne) PSY4V1 tern, mostly eddies. They are in most cases slightly shifted velocity elds. Ocean color data from the CLS-generated from their observed positions. elds provide information on the smaller-scale features such The maximum speed of the drifters is about 0.7 centime- as eddies and plumes. ters per second, whereas the HCS reaches 0.68 centimeters Validation Results. The HCS Campos outputs are com- per second. Generally, the underestimation is not very im- pared to drifter’s observations. Comparisons are made along portant for the higher speed range. It can reach 16 percent the drifter’s tracks and at the drifter’s time step. In the follow- of the drifter’s velocity for HCS velocities between 0.2 and ing validation, prior to any comparison, the HCS model out- 0.4 centimeters per second, which is a reasonable result. puts are interpolated at the drifter’s hourly positions, aver- aged over three days and compared to the three days ltered Conclusions drifter data at these positions. This is necessary to remove Recent developments in the area of satellite technology, from the drifter data inertial oscillations due to the Earth’s data processing and delivery mean that high-quality infor- rotation (and, hence, not the result of oceanic currents). mation on oceanic surface features is now routinely avail- Statistics are computed along the drifter’s tracks and at the able. Crucially, velocity data is not directly available. How- drifter’s time step. Thirty-six drifting buoys have trajectories ever, it can be easily calculated from oceanic surface elds. passing through the area during the one-year period from With this in mind, CLS has developed a method to obtain the beginning of March 2011 to the end of February 2012. surface currents data based mainly on satellite observations The mean speed difference is about –2.8 centimeters and combining shallow-water equations with restoring to per second, indicating that the HCS slightly underestimates observed velocity elds. Initial results show a signicant im- Technology Sea Magazine
32 st / MARCH 2013 www.sea-technology.com provement to the traditional modeling method, particularly in coastal areas. The exibility of the method means that the HCS can easily incorporate tai- lored data for a given area, such as re- gional altimetry data, regional OGCM data and regional atmospheric model data. New satellite data products, such as sea surface salinity, can also easily be incorporated in the system and im- prove the representation of currents, particularly in the vicinity of river plumes. Finally, in-situ data from AD- CPs, rotor current meters and drifting buoys can either be used in hindcast mode to tune the HCS or in forecast mode for data tting. One of the principal strengths of this approach is the low numeri- cal cost. The simulations can be per- formed quickly in view of the reduced number of grid points. This opens up the possibility of performing stochastic experiments (ensembles) on an opera- tional basis, thus providing users with probability-based forecasts for surface currents, a fundamental requirement for any drift model forecast.
Acknowledgments This work was partly funded by To- tal SA (Paris, France) and CGGVeritas Services SA (Paris) through the CITEPH funding initiative. Technology
References For a list of references, contactSea Dr. M. Lucas at [email protected]. n Magazine
Dr. Marc Lucas oversees CLS’s operational mod- eling as a project and research engineer. He de- velops, sets up and runs numerical models and data-processing tools. He also regularly conducts metocean studies, and research and development involving satellite data. He completed his Ph.D. in numerical modeling in 2005.
Dr. Hélène Etienne completed her Ph.D. in data as- similation in 2003. Since then, she has worked in collaboration with Mercator Ocean in the eld of operational oceanography. In the last few years, she has developed and implemented numerical model- ing in surface and 3D congurations at CLS, where she works as a research engineer.
Dr. Eric Greiner, a research engineer at CLS, com- pleted his Ph.D. in numerical analysis in 1993 and has worked in the eld of numerical modeling since. For the past 10 years, he has been in charge of scientic innovation in operational modeling and validation. He collaborates with research institu- tions around Europe.
www.sea-technology.com MARCH 2013 / st 33 Real-Time Network of Weather and Ocean Stations Public-Private Partnership on In-Situ Measurements in the Gulf of Guinea #Z%S3ÏNJ&TUJWBMt7BMÏSJF2VJOJPVt$ISJTUPQIF.FTTBHFS
n-situ measurements are crucial for remote-sensing ob- gradient of temperature, enhanced between the ocean and Iservations, and hindcast and forecast modeling. Hence, the continent. These irregular surface energy distributions in-situ data are often used to calibrate and correct satellite induce regional and subregional low-level atmospheric cir- data, or they are merged and processed with other in-situ culations. data and remote-sensing observations to improve the qual- Moreover, the ocean gains heat from solar ux, which ity and coverage of environmental monitoring. These data is released mainly through latent heat (evaporation) uxes are also used to improve global Earth modeling. For in- to the atmosphere. This contributes to high cloud coverage stance, the National Centers for Environmental Prediction in the area, which is the major limiting factor to the use and the National Center for Atmospheric Research (NCEP/ of remote sensing. In 2011, between Guinea and Angola, NCAR) Reanalysis 1 project incorporates observations and around 90 percent of NASA’s Moderate Resolution Imaging model outputs to provide a gridded data set of atmosphere parameters over large regions. For modeling, in-situ data are used to analyze or validate ocean and meteorological model outputs. They can also be assimilated to correct the model locally (as for Technologythe NCEP/ NCAR reanalysis) and serve as initial and boundary condi- tions. Therefore, the reliability of the simulations or reanaly- sis products often depends on Sea the quality and amount of data in the monitored area. However, access to Magazinethese data as soon as they are collected is a real issue when it comes to forecast quality.
Lack of In-Situ Measurements In the Gulf of Guinea The Gulf of Guinea is located in the equa- torial East Atlantic Ocean, between Cape Lo- pez in Gabon and Cape Palmas in Liberia. In this instance, it is considered also to include Congo and northern Angola. This tropical re- gion benets from a high level of incoming solar radiation with an important meridional
(Top) NCEP/NCAR reanalysis of Total’s Usan platform air temperature at 2.5 degrees north 5 degrees east (green), 2.5 degrees north 7.5 degrees east (red) and 3.17 degrees north 6.83 degrees east (blue).
(Bottom) A map of the number of sea surface temperature observations from the MODIS sat- ellite in 2011.
34 st / MARCH 2013 www.sea-technology.com Spectroradiometer (MODIS) data were obscured by clouds. The MODIS satellite has provided on average less than one observation every two weeks in 2011 because the area has cloud cover most of the time. Additionally, intense precipitation and strong freshwa- ter discharges from the Congo and Niger rivers modify the velocity eld in the ocean and tend to ush drifting buoys offshore away from the river plume. Hence, very few drifters can be seen along the coast between Nigeria and Congo. Consequently, NASA’s Autonomous Temperature Line Acquisition System (ATLAS) buoys from the Pilot Research Moored Array in the Tropical Atlantic (PIRATA) programs provide the main sustainable observations in the Gulf of Guinea. Four buoys have been installed in the equatorial East Atlantic Ocean, and a weather station has been placed in Sao Tomé. Thus, over a typical year, few observations are available in the coastal region of Western Africa.
In-Situ Measurements on Oil and Gas Platforms The Gulf of Guinea and, more generally, Western Africa have many oil and gas resources, and major industry play- PIRATA buoys’ and Argos drifters’ positions in 2011. ers are present in the region. When in production, platforms are surrounded by vessels or helicopters that require ocean pany network. Remote access to real-time data would im- and weather monitoring to secure operations. For safety, prove the safety and the organization of marine and air logis- most of the platforms with a helideck have an operational tics operations, provide valuable modeling information and weather station; those equipped with an oil of oading sys- help predict drift in case of oil spills. It would also secure tem to tankers often have instruments to measure sea state data by simplifying archiving and sensor maintenance. The and near-surface currents. archived data could then be used to improve design criteria However, most of the time, these monitoring systems for new platforms in the area. have no remote connection, and data are not available in Most of the oil and gas resources are localized on the real time or, in the best case, only available within the com- continental shelf, which has been divided into blocks where Technology Sea Magazine
A NEW DIMENSION IN SEAFLOOR MAPPING
L-3 Klein’s System 5000 V2 Multi-Beam Side Scan Sonar creates a new dimension in seafloor mapping with interferometric bathymetry. The Klein 5000 V2 has everything you would expect in a top-of-the-line side scan sonar. Operating at peak performance and with extended range capability, no single- beam side scan sonar can match its resolution. For more on how L-3 Klein is making oceans transparent, call (603) 893-6131 or visit us at L-3com.com/Klein. Sonar Image of Shipwreck
Klein Associates, Inc. L-3com.com
www.sea-technology.com MARCH 2013 / st 35 the Gulf of Guinea. The project started in September 2010 and should be fully operational by 2013. A prototype network of ve existing platforms— Akpo, Usan, Tchibouela, N’Kossa and Dalia—is sending data to the French meteorological agency Météo-France, and ve to 10 more platforms should be added before 2014. The platforms are primarily in Nigeria, Congo and Angola, plus those in the An- guille Marine eld in Gabon. Sensors. Offshore production platforms are often equipped with a helideck, which has to comply with the regulations of the International Civil Aviation Organization and Total’s specications. To that ex- tent, platforms are usually equipped with a weather station comprising at least an anemometer, e.g., Vaisala (Vantaa, Finland) WAA151; barometer, e.g., Endress+Hauser Consult AG (Reinach, Switzerland) PMC 731; and hygrometer, e.g., Vaisala PTU200 HMP45D. Some platforms have a more complete weather system, with sensors for temperature, cloud, visibility and precipitation. Most of the sensors di- rectly measure from a helideck height 20 to 35 me- ters above sea level, but the anemometers are often A map of oil and gas exploration and production blocks in the placed higher, typically on the telecom mast approximately Gulf of Guinea. 40 meters above sea level, to limit wind turbulence. Some of the platforms are anchored FPSOs whose drafts companies conduct exploration and production. Measure- change according to their tanks’ llings. The elevation of ments in those areas would complement existing ocean and the structure can change up to 12 meters. Although most weather observations. Introducing these data in a global parameters are not sensitive to these variations, the bias in system, such as the World Meteorological Organization’s pressure data is corrected using the function: (WMO) Global Telecommunication System (GTS), and pro- viding free access to the scientic community would im- P = 1013.25 [1-{1-(E/44307.69321)}5.253283 prove weather and ocean forecasts to the benet of civilians as well as the oil and gas industry. TechnologyE is the elevation of the pressure sensor in meters above sea level, and P is the additional pressure if the sensor were Monitoring Network in the Gulf of Guinea to be repositioned to mean sea level. The International Centre forSea Education, Marine and Some platforms require current and wave monitoring to Atmospheric Sciences over Africa (ICEMASA)Magazine and Total support marine operations such as oil off-loading, and they S.A. (Paris, France) have developed a joint project to pro- could be equipped with a buoy moored a few kilometers vide public, real-time and remote access to the ocean and from the platform with a current meter, current proler or weather data measured on platforms operated by Total in wave sensor. Examples of current meters being used are the
Water column profiling and data collection t.PWJOH7FTTFM1SPöMFS .71 t4FB$ZDMFS.PPSFE1SPöMFS t'SFF'BMM$POF1FOFUSPNFUFS ''$15 t-BTFS0QUJDBM1BSUJDMF$PVOUFS -01$
Rolls-Royce provides a complete line of oceanographic products to collect the data you need. are designed to work as standalone instruments or as a payload on the Moving Vessel Proler. Our rugged, user-oriented systems can measure mid-water characteristics, particulates in the Contact Rolls-Royce to see how our Environmental Sensing Systems can help you get your work water, and the geophysical characteristics of the seaoor, all in real-time. Our LOPC and FFCPT done faster and more cost-eectively. Eciency through automation and innovation
36 st / MARCH 2013 www.sea-technology.com Aanderaa DCS4100R and InterOcean Systems Inc. (San Di- ego, California) S4A. Current prolers employed in the proj- Total’s metocean plat- ect include the Teledyne RD Instruments (Poway, California) forms in the Gulf of Guin- 600-kilohertz Sentinel ADCP and NortekUSA (Boston, Mas- ea. Connected platforms sachusetts) Aquadopp. One of the wave sensors in use is the are in red, and platforms Fugro OCEANOR (Trondheim, Norway) WaveSense 3. Cur- to be connected are in rent meters and prolers are used to measure near-surface blue. current up to 50 meters below sea level, and the upward- looking current proler data are sometimes processed to measure waves. Research Communities Some other platforms have a marine radar to monitor (SIMORC) database. waves, such as the Saab Rosemount (Gothenburg, Sweden) Users that require real- WaveRadar Rex, OceanWaveS GmbH (Lüneburg, Germany) time data access can con- WaMoS or Miros AS (Asker, Norway) WAVEX. Alternatively, nect directly to the GTS the platforms might have a dedicated wave buoy, such as or, after receiving Total’s the Fugro OCEANOR Wavescan buoy with Wavesense sen- approval, to the FTP serv- sor. Most data are sampled every minute, except wind data, er. The GTS is only avail- which are sampled every second. able to weather services System Architecture. The IT architecture comprises triple and their associates, but archiving, with near-real-time access within 5 to 10 minutes data can be requested from weather services or the European of data collection. The weather and ocean systems of each Centre for Medium-Range Weather Forecasts. platform are connected to the plant information (PI) server. Using OSIsoft’s PI System, data are then replicated at Total’s Metadata and Data Format afliate ofces and headquarters. Complementary informa- All the metadata, including unit, processing, altitude, tion on the data are stored in a separate database, processed sampling and position, are documented and made avail- and converted into a dened format, then sent to an FTP able. The metadata designated for the GTS respect the WMO server provided by Météo-France, which transfers to them Binary Universal Form for the Representation of meteoro- to WMO GTS. The data are available on this FTP server logical data (BUFR), and others are in a format close to the for 15 days, during which the British Oceanographic Data BODC template for SIMORC. The data are sent in two sets as Centre (BODC) performs quality control before archiving in GTS cannot assimilate some of the data. For example, some the System of Industry Metocean data for the Offshore and places have both a current meter and proler; the BUFR tem- Technology Sea Magazine
www.sea-technology.com MARCH 2013 / st 37 plate cannot take two values of the same parameter from a USB HD-SDI Audio/Video Codec unique platform. Also, the GTS will assimilate only one data per parameter per hour where Total data can be sampled every minute or second. The data are sent to Météo-France in two different sets for each platform. The rst set is dedicated to the GTS and com- prises two ASCII les: one containing the rst data of the present hour of each parameter, which is sent every hour, and the other containing the sensors’ metadata, which is sent every day. Both les are used to convert the data in Model 2226 BUFR before being sent to the GTS. t High profile H.264 HD/SD encoding and decoding The second set contains all data at their original sampling rates. Two ASCII les are sent: one containing the data sam- t Transport stream format t pled every minute and the other containing those sampled HD (1080i, 720p) and SD (NTSC, PAL) every second. These les are transferred to the FTP server t Audio on SDI or external input every six minutes and comprise the data measured during t Audio with level meter the past six minutes. t Snapshot capture One metadata le per platform is transferred every day. t Graphics and text overlays Those les are retrieved weekly and stored by the BODC in t Low latency uncompressed preview stream the SIMORC database, where they will be available to the scientic community. Model 2226S Conclusions In-situ data are key to understanding and forecasting weather and ocean status. Oil and gas companies operating in Western Africa conduct in-situ measurements that satel- lites cannot, and sharing those data with weather services and the scientic community will benet both industry and civilians. 503.684.8055 | SENSORAY.com/2226 Total and ICEMASA launched the MetOcean Data Ac- quisition network to provide public, remote, real-time ac- cess to the data monitored on platforms operated by Total in Technologythe Gulf of Guinea. Five platforms are now connected and Improved Electronics transferring their data to Météo-France. Soon, a few other NEW platforms will be connected, and Météo-France will set the Low PowerSea Consumption transfer to the GTS. Total hopes other companies will be en- Magazinecouraged to join the project and thus contribute to better Mini Rosette®/CTD Water Sampler regional environmental monitoring. 1018 M Acknowledgments The authors would like to acknowledge Dr. Francis Mar- with Model 316 or 320 Idronaut CTD sac, director of ICEMASA, for his support to the MODANet project and his contribution to this article. • Light-weight, small, compact References • Allows operation from a small boat For a list of references, contact Valérie Quiniou at Vale • Conducting cable or battery-powered [email protected]. n • Programmable timed operations • Pressure activated bottle closing (optional) Dr. Rémi Estival has a Ph.D. in submarine acoustics and a master’s degree in mechanics. He was employed by Total to set up a real-time network of ocean • Deep & shallow water models available and weather stations. His work is hosted by ICEMASA (International Centre • Optional Teflon® coated Water Sampler for Education, Marine and Atmospheric Sciences over Africa) and University • CTD compatible of Cape Town.
• Flag Pulse to CTD A/D input Valérie Quiniou is the head of Total’s survey technologies department for geo- physics, geotechnics, metocean and geomatics applied to development and operations. She joined Total in 2002 as a metocean advisor, after working with Noble Denton and Bouygues Offshore (now Saipem). She graduated as an engineer from École Polytechnique and ENSTA (École nationale supérieure de General Oceanics Inc. Techniques Avancées). 1295 N.W. 163 St., Miami, FL 33169 Christophe Messager founded ICEMASA (International Centre for Education Tel: (305) 621-2882, Fax: (305) 621-1710 Marine and Atmospheric Sciences over Africa) in 2008 and led it until 2011. He is one of the promoters of the Guinea Gulf data collection project. He presently E-mail: [email protected] researches ocean-atmosphere interaction and is involved in international cli- http://www.GeneralOceanics.com mate and meteorological modeling programs, as well as in-situ data collections.
38 st / MARCH 2013 www.sea-technology.com EXPLORING SHELF FRONTIERS
Technology Sea Magazine TAKE A LOOK AT OUR NEWLY REDESIGNED WEBSITE FISH-NEWS.COM fish-news.com Technology Sea Magazine Celebrating 50 years of serving the global ocean community 1971-1974
1971 1972 One of the control stations for the TechnologyAerial view of the New York Ocean six-chamber complex at the Institute Science Laboratory (NYOSL) on Fort for Environmental Medicine at the Pond Bay at Montauk, New York, and University of Pennsylvania. OneSea of students learning to use Beckman Envi the six pressure units is a wet diving Magazine roline oceanographic instruments chamber simulating ocean conditions on the NYOSL dock. at 1,800 feet depth.
1973 1974 Photographic rendition relating the application of digital %URZQDQG5RRW·VGHUULFNOD\EDUJH computers to automated hydrographic data collection process- BAR-323 laying pipe in the North Sea. ing and compilation for production of nautical charts. 1971 - 1974 As Sea Technology magazine celebrates its 50th year, we take a look back at major events in the oceanographic industry and the world.
1971 The Harbor Branch Oceanographic Institute was founded by J. Seward Johnson Sr. and Edwin A. Link.
The International Decade of Ocean Exploration (IDOE) began. The goal of the 10-year 1971 program was to achieve more comprehensive knowledge of oceanic characteristics and oceanic processes.
The Geochemical Ocean Section Study (GEOSECS), coordinated by Scripps Institution of Oceanography, 1971 was established to form a baseline database for assessing future chemical changes in the oceans and attaining a better understanding of large-scale oceanic transport and mixing processes. More than 2,200 water samples were collected.
Technology Salyut 1, the world’s rst space station, was launched by the Soviet Union April 19, 1971. 1971 (Credit: NASA, David S. F. Portree) Sea Magazine
1971 tDr. Fred. N. Spiess - Compass Distinguished Achievement Award t1FSSZ0DFBOPHSBQIJDT*OD$PNQBTT*OEVTUSJBM"XBSE
The National Ocean Industries Association was founded with 33 members to 1972 represent U.S. oshore energy and related industries.
The Department of the Interior stopped issuing whaling licenses and banned the 1972 importation of whale products—even foreign cars with whale oil in the transmission. (Photo Credit: Shari Smith, Channel Islands Naturalist Corps) 1972 NOAA launched its rst data buoy, one of six 100-ton General Dynamics Engineering Experimental Phase prototypes, at Gulfport, Mississippi.
1972 t#VUMFS,JOH$PVQFS$PNQBTT%JTUJOHVJTIFE"DIJFWFNFOU"XBSE t)ZESPOBVUJDT*OD$PNQBTT*OEVTUSJBM"XBSE
The rst successful U.S. ocean sh culture operation was reported. Domsea Farms Inc. raised salable, 197 PVODF$PIPTBMNPOJOQFOTBMPOH1VHFU4PVOE 8BTIJOHUPO 1IPUP$SFEJU/0""'JTIFSJFT
197 64EJSFDUJOWPMWFNFOUJOUIF7JFUOBN8BSFòFDUJWFMZFOEFE+BOVBSZ with the signing of the Paris Peace Accords. (Photo Credit: U.S. Army)
197 t%S8BSSFO48PPTUFS$PNQBTT%JTUJOHVJTIFE"DIJFWFNFOU"XBSETechnology t*OUFSOBUJPOBM/JDLFM$P$PNQBTT*OEVTUSJBM"XBSE Sea Magazine
Astronaut-aquanaut Dr. John Anthony Llewellyn, of the University of South Florida, began 197 working on a $1,200 automatic diver decompression system, including a depth gauge, timer and small computer that were packaged in a case small enough to t on the diver’s arm. (Photo Credit: NASA)
Deepsea Ventures Inc., developer of mining manganese nodules from the seabed and 197 processing them, led the rst deep-sea mining claim with the U.S. Secretary of State. (Photo $SFEJU8PPET)PMF0DFBOPHSBQIJD*OTUJUVUJPO
197 t%S,FOOFUI0&NFSZ$PNQBTT%JTUJOHVJTIFE"DIJFWFNFOU"XBSE t8FTUFSO(FPQIZTJDBM$PPG"NFSJDB$PNQBTT*OEVTUSJBM"XBSE Did You Miss The Boat?
Didn’t get your company listed in the 2013 Sea Technology Buyers Guide/Directory?
Good news - you’re not dead in the water. Act now and your company listing and/or advertisement can still be part of the 2013 electronic version of the Buyers Guide in our Newcomers section.
Enjoy 24/7 exposure online with direct URL and email linking directly to your website.
Technology Sea Magazine NOW AVAILABLE: The 2013 Sea Technology Buyers Guide Available in print and online at: sea-technology.com
SEA TECHNOLOGY Magazine
www.sea-technology.com/form_elecbglisting.html
44 st / MARCH 2013 www.sea-technology.com support regional ocean partnerships and the development of capitalreport coastal marine spatial plans. Those opposing Flores’ amendment argued that funding the Regional Ocean Partnership’s grants would help states First Congressional Maritime Congress Established affected by Hurricane Sandy recover faster and enable them Reps. Cedric Richmond (D-La.) and Michael Grimm (R- to better prepare for and mitigate extreme weather events N.Y.) formed in February the rst-ever U.S. Congressional and risks. Maritime Caucus. It will operate as a forum and informa- Under the law, NOAA will receive up to $476 million: tion distribution center in the U.S. House of Representatives $290 million for operations, research and facilities, and where members of Congress can turn for material on mari- $186 million for procurement, acquisition and construction time issues, legislation and initiatives. for its damaged facilities and repairs and upgrades to its hur- Reps. Richmond and Grimm expect to welcome a host ricane reconnaissance aircraft. Included is $50 million for of representatives to the caucus who understand the impor- mapping, charting and geodesy services and marine debris tance of a strong U.S. Merchant Marine. surveys in states impacted by Hurricane Sandy. The agency’s “The Congressional Maritime Caucus represents a huge weather satellite data mitigation gap reserve fund will re- step forward for the maritime industry giving us a unied ceive $111 million. and concentrated voice on Capitol Hill,” said Mike Jewell, With the $9.7 billion aid package signed into law in Janu- president of the Marine Engineers’ Benecial Association. ary, federal aid for Hurricane Sandy totals $60.4 billion. “This important initiative will work hand-in-glove with the grassroots maritime action committees that are already in Begich Introduces Bills to Halt FDA Approval place in numerous congressional districts across the country Of Genetically Engineered Salmon to spread the maritime message.” As the U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA) consid- ers the approval of genetically modied salmon, U.S. Sen. Hurricane Sandy Relief Aid Signed Into Law Without Mark Begich (D-Alaska) introduced two pieces of legislation Funding for Coastal Marine Spatial Planning banning the sh in February. U.S. President Barack Obama has signed into law the The FDA is examining an application from AquaBounty Disaster Relief Appropriations Act, which provides $50.7 Technologies’ (Maynard, Massachusetts) to sell its geneti- billion in federal aid for recovery from Hurricane Sandy. cally modied AquAdvantage salmon. The agency extended An amendment from Rep. Bill Flores (R-Texas), agreed to the comment period on the application, originally slated to with a 221-197 vote, removed $150 million in funding for end in February, until April 26. Begich’s Prevention of Es- NOAA’s Regional Ocean Partnership grants, which would capement of Genetically Altered Salmon in the United States Technology Sea Magazine
Bring your targets to light with trusted acoustic positioning and navigation solutions from CTG. For more than 50 years, CTG’s piezo-based technologies have guided underwater missions to success. Discover how CTG’s customized solutions can guide your mission www.channeltechgroup.com
www.sea-technology.com MARCH 2013 / st 45 (PEGASUS) would make it illegal to produce, sell or ship genetically engineered salmon in the U.S., unless NOAA nds it would have no signicant impact. Begich’s second bill would require any genetically engineered salmon prod- uct to be labeled as such, a proposal the FDA has rebuffed. Late last year, the FDA found no signicant impact on the proposal from AquaBounty Technologies to produce a hybrid Atlantic salmon modied with a Chinook salmon growth gene and an antifreeze gene from an eel-like sh, the ocean pout. The FDA reviewed the AquaBounty pro- posal not as a food product but as a veterinary drug. If ap- proved, the salmon would be the rst genetically modied animal to be sold for consumption. Opponents of genetically modied salmon are con- cerned about the potential impacts on human health and the environment, especially if the salmon are accidentally released into the wild.
Murkowski Unveils Long-Term US Energy Plan Sen. Lisa Murkowski (D-Alaska), ranking member of the U.S. Senate Energy and Natural Resources Committee, pub- lished her plan for U.S. energy sources and policies in Feb- ruary, outlining several goals with deadlines in 2020. One of these goals is for the U.S. to achieve indepen- dence from the Organization of the Petroleum Exporting Countries (OPEC). Murkowski’s report nds this goal fea- sible since over the past decade the U.S. has seen its reserve portfolio grow substantially (largely in part due to previously subeconomic resources, like shale oil) and domestic energy production has increased. To become independent from OPEC, the U.S. govern- ment would need to permit the construction of the Keystone XL and other domestic pipelines, streamline the offshore Technologyleasing processes (specically repealing the recent addition- al requirements on shallow-water Gulf of Mexico drillers) Non-Toxic and expand leasing to the eastern Gulf of Mexico and parts Sea of the Atlantic Outer Continental Shelf. MagazineAdditionally, Murkowski’s plan calls for a share of rev- Conductivity enues to participating offshore energy-producing states— Accurate long-term measurements including offshore wind, tidal and wave generation. It also without chemicals calls for the establishment of permanent revenue sharing (as is established for onshore development) from leasing, bonus bids, rents and royalty receipts at 27.5 percent, with provi- sion for direct partial payments to affected coastal commu- nities. The report also calls for an amendment to provide for an updated liability regime so all oil spill victims would be compensated. Infinity CTW The plan briey touched on marine hydrokinetic (MHK) energy, encouraging more research into MHK devices and grid integration, and developing a thematic environmental impact statement for MHK projects. It also suggests estab- lishing up to four MHK testing facilities.
Conductivity-Temperature Sensor with Bills to Prevent Illegal Fishing Introduced Anti-Fouling Wiper Sen. John D. Rockefeller (D-W.Va.) introduced in Febru- ary the International Fisheries Stewardship and Enforcement Act and the Pirate Fishing Elimination Act. If enacted, the bills would aim to curb and end illegal, unregulated and unreported shing. The late Sen. Daniel In- www.jfe-alec.com | [email protected] | tel: +81-78-997-8686 ouye of Hawaii had sponsored this legislation in previous North America: [email protected] | tel: +1-250-370-1688 congresses. n
46 st / MARCH 2013 www.sea-technology.com C-band capacity to be used by Astrium Services’ maritime international customers in the Mediterranean, Atlantic Ocean, North Sea and Gulf of Mexico. Astrium Services will use C-band capacity on Intelsat 907 Seatronics Invests in iXBlue Equipment at 332.5 degrees East. The capacity will improve passenger Seatronics Ltd. (Aberdeen, Scotland) has expanded its communication, ensuring that multiple simultaneous users equipment rental pool to include more iXBlue (Marly-le- can access the Internet. Roi, France) inertial and acoustic products. The purchase comes in response to increasing market demand for inertial Intertek to Undertake Cable Risk Studies in Qatar navigation technology to provide positioning for deepwater Intertek’s (London, England) Energy & Water consultancy projects in West Africa and Brazil, where Seatronics’ new services, formerly Intertek METOC, has won a new marine Rio de Janeiro ofce became operational in February. power cable assignment in Qatar for LS Cable & System The systems include ve more iXBlue PHINS 6000 sys- (Anyang, South Korea). tems, upgrades to 12 existing iXBlue OCTANS Gen 4 subsea Under the contract, Intertek began last year an underwa- gyros and 12 additional OCTANS Gen 4 industry-standard ter cable burial risk assessment study for two high-voltage subsea survey gyrocompasses. AC (HVAC) submarine cables from Ras Laffan, Qatar, to Halul Island, approximately 100 kilometers off the country’s Applied Acoustics Adds Australian Agent coast. The study should be wrapping up in March. Applied Acoustic Engineering (Great Yarmouth, England) The HVAC link will supply power to meet the electrical has appointed a new distributor, Western Advance Pty Ltd. demand of Halul Island, a major international oil and gas (Perth, Australia). The independent supplier deals with oil terminal. The assessment includes hazard identication, sh- and gas, defense and security industries. ing gear and anchor penetration studies, shipping intensity As well as providing project design, equipment supply, study, geological assessment, cable burial technology and installation, commissioning and eld support to Australian tool evaluation, and burial depth recommendations. companies, Western Advance is a distributor to the offshore survey and construction industry. Transas Marine Completes AIS-Based VTS Installation for EU’s SafeMed II Project Astrium Services Extends Agreement With Transas Middle East (Dubai, United Arab Emirates) has Intelsat for Connectivity to Offshore Customers installed and commissioned its AIS Base station T214 at Astrium Services (Paris, France) and Intelsat S.A. (Lux- the Port of Aqaba, Jordan. Funded by the European Union’s embourg) have signed a multiyear renewal agreement for SafeMed II Project, the base station will track maritime traf- Technology QINSy Sea Fledermaus The modular design, user HydrographicMagazineCoastal mapping Fledermaus is the industry friendly user interface, leading interactive 4D comprehensive help and Laser scanning Environmental geospatial processing and support of international Rig moves Exploration analysis tool. standards and exchange The intuitive user interface formats, mean QINSy is Dredging Geological allows users to rapidly gain equally well suited to less Pipe laying Habitat mapping insight and extract more complex bathymetric information from their data, surveys as it is to highly Rock dumping Hydrographic that in turn promotes data complex multi-vessel and Offshore Academic processing efficiency, quality multi-sensor offshore control accuracy, and data construction projects. Sidescan Sonar Offshore analysis completeness. ROV inspection Marine construction Marine Data Management Marine Data Management
QINSy Qastor
Fledermaus The company with the solutions for your www.qps.nl hydrogeomatics data and maritime projects For details contact: [email protected]
www.sea-technology.com MARCH 2013 / st 47 c in and around Aqaba Port to help forecast risks related to marine pollution. In addition, Transas supplied and com- missioned AIS VTS Server, Web server and related hardware equipment to the Jordan Maritime Authority, also nanced under SafeMed II.
WASSP Appoints Imtech Marine as Distributor WASSP Ltd. (Auckland, New Zealand) signed in February a distribution agreement that will see its multibeam sonar systems distributed by Imtech Marine (Rotterdam, Nether- lands) through the Netherlands, Belgium and China. The agreement covers all WASSP’s commercial shing and com- mercial multibeam sonar systems.
Ibercisa Breaks into the Norwegian Market Ibercisa (Vigo, Spain) will supply naval and shing ma- chinery to the Norwegian companies Volstad Maritime AS (Ålesund, Norway), REM (Fosnavåg, Norway) and Andenes- ske (Andenes, Norway). The machinery will be installed on board Volstad’s trawl- er, which is being built in Tersan’s (Yalova, Turkey) shipyard; on the REM trawler, under construction at the shipyard STX OSV (Ålesund); and on another trawler, which Andenesske is building in Tersan.
ABB Acquires APS Technology Group ABB (Zurich, Switzerland) will acquire San Diego, Cal- ifornia-based APS Technology Group (APS) to add optical character recognition and gate automation capabilities. APS will join ABB’s Crane and Harbor automation busi- ness. No major changes to stafng, product offerings or marketing efforts are planned. ABB estimates that the global terminal automation market will double in ve years. Technology“As containerized shipping grows, container handling in YOUNG ports and terminals is quickly moving away from manual Sea controls to fully automated systems,” said Fred Hoonaard, Magazinehead of Crane and Harbor Center of Excellence. Triton Imaging, Kraken Announce OEM Agreement Triton Imaging Inc. (Capitola, California) and Kraken So- nar Systems Inc. (St. John’s, Newfoundland) have signed an original equipment manufacturer (OEM) agreement under which Kraken will offer Triton Perspective software bundled with their AquaPix Synthetic Aperture Sonar (SAS). Sensors to AquaPix users can use the Perspective software to process Measure high-resolution SAS and associated interferometric bathy- metric data to create seabed imagery, mosaics and bathy- UÊ7` metric 3D digital terrain models. The Perspective GIS-based UÊ/i«iÀ>ÌÕÀi software provides the multisensor processing functions that UÊÕ`ÌÞ can enhance the fusion of the co-registered imagery and UÊ*ÀiV«Ì>Ì bathymetry produced by the AquaPix system. UÊ->ÀÊ,>`>Ì UÊÌë iÀVÊ SMD, SeeByte Successfully Integrate Ê *ÀiÃÃÕÀi SeeTrack CoPilot Software and ROV Soil Machine Dynamics Ltd. (SMD), based in Tyne and Wear, England, and SeeByte Ltd. (Edinburgh, Scotland) have successfully integrated SeeTrack CoPilot to SMD’s work-class ROV system. This pairing makes the ROV better equipped for surveys, eld development and pre- and post-lay opera- tions. The software features a point-and-click interface, ight modes, a map that moves in real time, chart overlay and the ability to track specic structures in the water column. n
48 st / MARCH 2013 www.sea-technology.com rophyll and backscatter. It is a 200-meter-rated coastal ver- oceanbusiness sion of the Slocum. Subsequent gliders will be optimized for deeper operation up to 1,000 meters. Two additional gliders are expected to ship to the univer- Teledyne Acquires RESON sity later this year. Teledyne Technologies Inc. (Thousand Oaks, Califor- nia) has entered into an agreement to acquire RESON A/S Jewell Acquires Applied Geomechanics’ Products (Slangerup, Denmark), the companies announced in Febru- Jewell Instruments LLC (Manchester, New Hampshire) ary. RESON, which has 185 employees, will become part of has acquired the product lines of Applied Geomechanics Teledyne’s marine instrumentation group. Inc. (San Francisco, California), which comprise tilt meters “With RESON, Teledyne will possess the ability to pro- and clinometers, and include full signal conditioning elec- vide detailed 3D imaging solutions, ranging from full ocean tronics. Jewell has started full production in its facility. depth survey, shallow water and coastal zone imaging, ter- restrial and airborne mapping, and even deep space science PolyShield Enters Share Purchase applications,” said Robert Mehrabian, president and CEO of Agreement for Ecolutions Teledyne. PolyShield Technologies Inc. (Boca Raton, Florida) has entered into a share purchase agreement with Rasmus Nor- Ocean Exchange Competition Open ling, formerly of Royal Caribbean International, for the pur- For Sustainable Sea Technology Solutions chase and sale of all of the issued and outstanding shares of The Ocean Exchange has launched its third annual Ecolutions Inc. for the aggregate purchase price of $53,000, global competition for the Gulfstream Navigator Award payable by the issuance of 100,000 restricted shares of Poly- ($100,000) and the Wallenius Wilhelmsen Logistics Orcelle Shield’s common stock. Norling became PolyShield’s presi- Award ($100,000). The theme for the 2013 competition is dent and CEO in February. Leap to Zero+, which refers to generating economic growth PolyShield has acquired all of Ecolutions’ rights under and increased productivity while reducing the use of natural collaboration, master distributor and license agreements resources and waste. with Green Tech Marine AS (Farsund, Norway). PolyShield Entries must be registered by 11:59 p.m. (GMT) on May will market the Green Tech Marine GTM R15 gas scrubber 1. A prescreening application is available at www.oceanex technology. change.org. Submission reviews will begin May 2. Previous winners include Liquid Robotics’ (Sunnyvale, World’s Second-Largest Ocean Cargo Line California) Wave Glider, the Protei_Open Source Sailing Puts More Money Into Long Beach Port Drone and Nonox Ltd.’s (Nassau, Bahamas) Emulsion Com- Drone and Nonox Ltd.’s (Nassau, Bahamas) Emulsion Com- Mediterranean Shipping Co. S.A. (MSC) of Geneva, Swit- bustion System. zerland, has increased its investments at the Port of Long TechnologyBeach in California, its biggest West Coast hub of operations. Seatronics Opens Brazil Ofce This comes at a time when the port sees potential chal- Seatronics Ltd. (Aberdeen,Sea Scotland) has completed the lenges from ports in Canada and Mexico, as well as the ex- start-up phase of its new of¤ce, workshop andMagazine warehouse pansion of the Panama Canal. The Port of Long Beach has facility in Macaé in Rio de Janeiro, Brazil. It will support been rebuilding and modernizing as part of a 10-year, $4.5 sales, rental, engineering and cable molding. Staff there will billion effort. handle the complete range of Seatronics equipment, includ- ing inspection-class ROVs, cables and connectors. exactEarth Creates On-Demand The opening of the new facility coincides with the ap- Satellite AIS Access with GWS pointment of Fabio D’Agostino as Seatronics’ vice president exactEarth Ltd. (Cambridge, Canada) announced the re- in Brazil. lease of new geospatial web services (GWS), allowing us- ers to access satellite AIS data on request. Data can now be ACL to Transport Petroleum for SeaRiver Maritime integrated with other geospatial data sets dynamically, and Jeffersonville, Indiana-based American Commercial can be immediately consumed and displayed in any Open Lines (ACL) has entered into a multiyear agreement with Geospatial Consortium-compliant geospatial system, such SeaRiver Maritime Inc. to provide petroleum barge trans- as Esri (Redlands, California) and Google Earth platforms. portation services on U.S. inland waterways via its mainline Users get access to daily live tracking of more than 90,000 service and in unit tows. ships globally. ACL is diversifying its business mix, with a focus on liq- uid cargoes, the company said. Spurs Marine Sold to Internal Managers Donald Govan, owner and chief design engineer of Spurs Paulo Universidade de São Gets First Slocum Marine Manufacturing Inc. (Ft. Lauderdale, Florida), has Teledyne Webb Research (East Falmouth, Massachusetts) sold the company to Pablo Sosa, Spurs’ vice president and has delivered the ¤rst Slocum G2 glider to the Coastal Hy- general manager, and Chris Jones, Spurs’ sales application drodynamics Laboratory at the Oceanographic Institute of engineer. the Universidade de São Paulo. It will be used for sustained Sosa has been with Spurs more than 15 years, and has monitoring over the continental shelf of São Paulo State. created computerized and technical systems for product The glider is out¤tted with a CTD, an altimeter, and a manufacturing. Jones joined the company two years ago, sensor to measure colored dissolved organic matter, chlo- and is responsible for product design and installation.
www.sea-technology.com MARCH 2013 / st 49 Hemisphere GNSS Buys Part of Hemisphere GPS BOOK BEFORE 4TH MARCH 2013 Hemisphere GNSS Inc. has purchased the Precision Products business, and related GNSS technology and intel- SAVE UP TO €880 lectual property from Hemisphere GPS Inc. (Calgary, Can- ada). Hemisphere GNSS will operate its headquarters out of Scottsdale, Arizona, and will maintain its operations in Calgary. Hemisphere GPS Inc. intends to change its company name to AgJunction. As part of the agreement, Hemisphere and AgJunction have formed a strategic alliance and a collaborative busi- ness relationship that covers supply chain management, customer support, technology development and cross-li- censing.
Drew Marine Acquires Alexander/Ryan Drew Marine (Whippany, New Jersey) has completed the acquisition of Alexander/Ryan Marine & Safety and Sea Technology (Houston, Texas). Alexander/Ryan is a manu- facturer, distributor and safety certication provider for the offshore and marine industries.
Labor Contract Rejected for California Ports Negotiations broke down in February between the Inter- national Longshore and Warehouse Union’s Local 63 Ofce Clerical Unit and the Harbor Employers Association with the rejection by union members of a labor contract. An eight-day strike in November and December 2012 shut down most terminals at the Ports of Los Angeles and Long Beach in California before the parties agreed on a ten- tative new contract, now rejected.
Crowley Christens Florida Tanker TechnologyCrowley Maritime Corp. (Jacksonville, Florida) has chris- tened its newest tanker, Florida, at the Aker Philadelphia Sea Shipyard in Pennsylvania. The Florida will be placed into Magazineservice delivering domestic oil to U.S.-based reneries. It can carry 330,000 barrels of petroleum products and chem- The Global Event for icals.
Undersea Defence ESNE Becomes BIRNS Sales Rep BIRNS Inc. (Oxnard, California) has announced Old Say- and Security brook, Connecticut-based Electronic Sales of New England (ESNE) as the company’s newest sales representative. The agreement includes sales and support of BIRNS’ electrical, coaxial, optical, electrocoax, electro-optical and electro- > Peer-reviewed Conference optomechanical hybrid connectors. Over 70 Exhibiting Companies The territory for ESNE’s sales efforts on behalf of BIRNS > includes Connecticut, Maine, New Hampshire, Vermont, > Networking Opportunities Massachusetts, Rhode Island, New York, New Jersey and Pennsylvania.
OMM Completes Fiber-Optic Work For Telecom Company in Mexico Find out more and register to attend at: Offshore Marine Management (OMM), based in Bristol, England, has completed a contract for Telmex to supervise WWW.UDT-GLOBAL.COM/SEA and assist with repairs to the shore-end section of a ber- optic connection between the Mexican mainland and the island of Cozumel. OMM installed protective pipe onto the submarine cable MILITARY ATTEND FREE section to provide protection and prolong its operational See website for full details lifespan. n
50 st / MARCH 2013 www.sea-technology.com Inc. (Walpole, Massachusetts), ONR and U.S. Naval Surface navycurrents Warfare Center, Carderock Division, the Mk-1 can move nearly half a million gallons of seawater per minute, with more thrust per unit than existing commercial waterjets. The SMIT Singapore Wins Contract for Salvage smaller, more efcient waterjets will also help avoid exces- Guardian Operations After USS Crashes Into Reef sive maintenance costs associated with cavitation. Salvaging operations began in February for the USS Full-scale sea trials for the waterjets on LCS-5 are expect- Guardian, a U.S. mine countermeasure vessel that crashed ed to occur in the next 24 months. in January into the Tubbataha Reef, a United Nations’ World Heritage site in the Philippines, International Business Times Indian Navy Commissions INS Saryu reported. The U.S. Navy plans to dismantle the ship into For Heightened Surveillance Effort three sections and decommission it, DefenseNews reported. The Indian Navy has commissioned the rst of four do- SMIT Singapore Pte Ltd. (Singapore) won a U.S. Defense mestically built offshore patrol vessels, INS Saryu (P57), at Security Cooperation Agency contract for $24.9 million to Goa Shipyard in Vasco, India, naval-technology.com report- provide emergency response and recovery operations sup- ed. The 105-meter-long vessel, which can operate offshore port. This includes personnel, vessels and equipment for on its own for a month, is intended to patrol the exclusive assessment, planning, stabilization, oil removal and vessel economic zone around the Andaman and Nicobar islands in recovery. Seventy-two percent of the work will be done in response to increased maritime surveillance needs. the vicinity of the Tubbataha Reef and 15 percent will be The vessel will conduct surface warfare missions, moni- done at Palawan, Philippines. tor sea communication and protect offshore assets. It has Operations began with the SMIT Borneo, a crane ship, two SEMT Pielstick (Villepinte, France) diesel engines, and anchoring into the Sulu Sea. It was to drop four anchors 10 its weaponry includes a 76-millimeter Oto Melara gun, two meters away from the reef: two at the bow at 800 meters 30-millimeter close-in weapon system guns and six chaff depth and two at the stern at 300 meters depth. launchers. It also has a helicopter landing deck and hangar, Work will be completed by December. and two rigid inatable fast motor boats. Delivery of the INS Sunayna, the second of the Saryu- Bluen to Give NRL Modied Knifesh for LFBB class ships, to the Indian Navy is scheduled for May 2013. Development, Reliant UUV Work Continues The remaining two ships, INS Sumitra and INS Sumedha will Bluen Robotics Corp. (Quincy, Massachusetts) will pro- be delivered in the next year and a half. duce a variation of the Knifesh UUV for the U.S. Naval The 2,300-ton Saryu-class ships can cruise at more than Research Laboratory (NRL). Knifesh is a specialized Blue- 25 knots and have a range of 6,000 nautical miles. n n-21 UUV being developed for the Surface Mine Counter- measure UUV program, for which Bluen is under subcon- tract to General Dynamics Advanced InformationTechnology Systems (Fairfax, Virginia). Bluen completed the Knifesh preliminary design re- view earlier this year. The vehicleSea will be used to advance NRL’s low-frequency broadband (LFBB) payloadMagazine technology and support its broader mission to move forward with basic and applied research in undersea warfare. For the past 10 years, Bluen and NRL have been work- ing to develop and eld the Reliant vehicle, a Bluen-21 used as a science and technology system for the original LFBB development. In addition to Knifesh features, Reliant will be equipped with two-way Iridium communications, specialized sensors, a reacquisition capability and accom- modation for an acoustic payload, including a towed re- ceiver array. Bluen will also deliver topside support equip- ment and graphical user interface software.
LCS-5 to Get Four New High-Powered Waterjets Designed to Lower Maintenance Costs The U.S. Navy’s fth littoral combat ship (LCS-5), Mil- waukee, will be the rst to have the Axial-Flow Waterjet Mk-1, the new high-power-density waterjets aimed at stav- ing off rudder and propeller damage on high-speed ships. The waterjets, produced by the U.S. Ofce of Naval Re- search (ONR) Future Naval Capabilities program, have ar- rived at the Marinette Marine Corp. (Marinette, Wisconsin) shipyard, where LCS-5 is under construction. Four of the waterjets will propel the LCS-5 to speeds ex- ceeding 40 knots. Developed by Rolls-Royce Naval Marine
www.sea-technology.com MARCH 2013 / st 51 product Dual Wideband Frequency Transducer development Made for applications such as depth- sounding, sh nding or guidance For more information on any of these products, visit our website at and Doppler speed metering, the www.sea-technology.com/products 09222/000 piezo-composite transduc- Pressure Sensor and Data Logger tors, and is anodized to eliminate cor- er has dual ranges of 55 to 89 kHz and rosion. The Mk3 platform meets or 150 to 220 kHz, with a side lobe level exceeds military vibration, shock and of less than -25 dB, compared to -20 EMI/RFI standards. KNS Inc. dB. Morgan Technical Ceramics.
Wide-Angle Lens Iridium Signal Detecto Depth-rated to 50 m, the BigEye Lens M67 Mark II has a 67-mm thread mount that ts over the housing’s port, and can be installed and removed dur- ing the course of the dive. It features With up to 64 GB in storage on a com- a multilayered anti-reection coating pact ash card, the Wave Gauge Blue on both sides of the lens. Its diameter can operate for months of continuous measures 118 mm. Fantasea Line Ltd. or years of burst data logging. Stan- dard pressure ranges are 1, 3 and 10 MEMS-Based Inertial System bars. It is accurate to 2 ppm and has At 0.05° 3D attitude accuracy, Ekinox Capable of detecting an Iridium trans- a real-time clock for time-tagging the Inertial Systems offers tactical-grade mission to within 3 ft. of its origin, the data. Ocean Sensor Systems Inc. MEMS. This series consists of two iON - Iridium Transmission Detec- ITAR-free models: the Ekinox AHRS tor can last up to 100 hrs. in search Military-Spec VSAT provides 5-cm heave, surge and sway, mode or 50 hrs. in detected mode on Designed with a rotating polarizer, and the Ekinox INS delivers 2-cm po- a single, user-replaceable 9-V alkaline the SuperTrack X10Mk3 operates at sition. Both accept aiding data from battery. The unit is a self-contained, Rx 7.25 to 7.75 GHz and Tx 7.9 to marine external equipment, including handheld device. JouBeh Technolo- 8.4 GHz. It includes a brake system, DVL, dual-antenna GPS, USBL and gies Inc. shock absorbers and high-torque mo- EM log. SBG Systems S.A.S. ECDIS Familiarization Course Using the Navi-Sailor software run- 2FHDQRJUDSK\'HSDUWPHQW)DFXOW\RI6FLHQFH'DOKRXVLH8QLYHUVLW\Technologyning in real time, this training pack-
&DQDGD5HVHDUFK&KDLU 7LHU,, LQ2FHDQ7HFKQRORJ\6\VWHPV age for the Transas Navi-Sailor 4000 The Department of Oceanography at Dalhousie University in Halifax, Canada (www.oceanography.dal.ca) is respected follows the requirements set by ag internationally for its strong interdisciplinary trainingSea and research in ocean science. Together with partners from government research, academia and industry, the Department now plays a leading role within the newly formed Halifax states and provides 16 to 18 hrs. of Marine Research Institute which seeks to maximize the potential of theMagazine region’s vibrant and growing ocean research and technology sector. Since 2011, the Department has hosted the Canada Excellence Research Chair in Ocean Science study followed by an online test. IMO and Technology, which is developing new approaches to observe the changing ocean and to study ocean processes. In 1.27 generic training is a prerequisite. DVVRFLDWLRQZLWKWKLV&(5&JURXS'DOKRXVLH8QLYHUVLW\LVVHHNLQJDPRWLYDWHGLQGLYLGXDOWR¿OODQHZRFHDQUHVHDUFK chair: SafeBridge GmbH.
'DOKRXVLH8QLYHUVLW\LQYLWHVDSSOLFDWLRQVIRUD7LHU,,&DQDGD5HVHDUFK&KDLULQWKH¿HOGRI2FHDQ7HFKQRORJ\6\VWHPV The position is associated with Dalhousie’s Canada Excellence Research Chair in Ocean Science and Technology and Wet Differential Pressure Transducer will be held in the Department of Oceanography of the Faculty of Science with potential for joint appointment with the Faculty of Engineering. The candidate will be expected to establish and maintain an active research program address- Featuring 316L and Inconel X750 ma- ing new, practical approaches to at-sea sensing and measurement of physical, chemical, atmospheric and/or biological terial, the AST5300 is made for use processes. Potential areas of research include development and application of robotics, novel platforms, power and communication systems, sensors and/or instruments. in explosion-proof and nonincendive The candidate will have obtained a PhD degree within the last ten years, have post doctoral research experience, and areas. It is suitable for various liquids a research track record that demonstrates particular research creativity and the potential to achieve international recog- QLWLRQLQWKHQH[W¿YHWRWHQ\HDUV,WLVDQWLFLSDWHGWKDWWKHDSSRLQWPHQWZLOOEHWHQXUHVWUHDPDQGPDGHDWWKH$VVLVWDQW and gases requiring high line pressure RU$VVRFLDWH3URIHVVRUOHYHO7KHVXFFHVVIXOFDQGLGDWHZLOOEHH[SHFWHGWRWHDFKXQGHUJUDGXDWHDQGJUDGXDWHFODVVHV (1,500 psi) and low differential pres- in ocean science and/or engineering, and to develop a vigorous and creative research program with external funding. The candidate will have opportunities to interact with a wide range of researchers at the University, nearby government sure (10 PSID) measurements. Ameri- laboratories and a broad range of companies working in the ocean technology sector. can Sensor Technologies Inc. $SSOLFDWLRQVVKRXOGFRQVLVWRID&XUULFXOXP9LWDHDOLVWRISXEOLFDWLRQVDQGSDWHQWVDVXPPDU\RIUHVHDUFKLQWHUHVWV a research proposal (no more than 3 pages), a statement of teaching interests and experience, and the names and contact information for at least three referees. 3D, 4D Visualization Software
The completed application should be sent to: Version 1.2 of Makai Voyager geospa-
&KDLU2FHDQ7HFKQRORJ\6\VWHPV6HDrch tial software enables users to import Oceanography Department and visualize their scientic and GIS 'DOKRXVLH8QLYHUVLW\ 2[IRUG6WUHHW data. Users can now preprocess lidar, PO Box 15000 +DOLID[1RYD6FRWLD%+5 GIS and volumetric data from com- Canada mon formats into streamable les. (PDLO RFHDQRJUDSK\#GDOFD Volume rendering for large 4D data,
$SSRLQWPHQWLVVXEMHFWWRDSSURYDOE\WKH&DQDGD5HVHDUFK&KDLUprogram. Consideration of candidates will begin such as NetCDF, added. It is available LQ$SULODQGFRQWLQXHXQWLOWKHSRVLWLRQLV¿OOHG'DOKRXVLH8QLYHUVLW\LVDQ(PSOR\PHQW(TXLW\$I¿UPDWLYH$FWLRQ HPSOR\HU7KH8QLYHUVLW\HQFRXUDJHVDSSOLFDWLRQVIURPTXDOL¿HG$ERULJLQDOSHRSOHSHUVRQVZLWKDGLVDELOLW\UDFLDOO\ on Windows, Linux and Mac OS X. visible persons and women. Makai Ocean Engineering Inc.
52 st / MARCH 2013 www.sea-technology.com Watertight Integrity Testing (version 1.2.5), beamforming can be ing oils, the HEXSEAL 1131/60 in- A semi xed system for monitoring carried out on a single computer, rath- verted bellow toggle switch boot can seals for watertight or weathertight er than six. The update also introduces be attached to avoid unintentionally degradation, the Permascanner Dy- Windows 7 compatibility and increas- tripping a sensitive breaker/switch on namic can check the seals of doors, es the absolute maximum range from or off. It operates in temperatures from holds and hatchcovers while at sea. 1,000 m to 2,000 m. Simrad. -94° F to 400° F and pressures to 15 The main generator is placed inside psi internal and 1,500 psi external. the hold, attached by magnets. Its bat- Nano-Ceramic Lubricating Grease APM HEXSEAL. tery provides up to 10 days of testing. With a lower coef cient of friction Coltraco Ltd. than traditional PTFE greases, DAY- Instrument With Field-Swappable Sensors Lube operates in temperatures from A real-time, single-parameter instru- Thickness Gauge -40° F to 800º F. Lasting for more than NFOU UIF.JDSPt9DPNFTJOUXPDPO- 100,000 production strokes, it is ideal gurations: one compatible with sound for workboats, as well as port-side ma- velocity or conductivity Xchange sen- terial handling equipment like cranes, sors, and another compatible with tem- lift trucks and conveyors. Dayton Prog- perature, pressure, dissolved oxygen ress Corp. and turbidity Xchange sensors. It offers 25-Hz sampling. AML Oceanographic. Monochrome CCD Camera Ideal for very low light level, under- Dual-Port USB Charger water viewing and navigation, the Compatible with any USB 1.1, 2.0 Based on the original Multigauge EXPLORER LITE is tted with a wide- or 3.0 electronic devices, the Hub- 5600, this upgraded version includes a angle, high-speed, aspherical lens, bell USB Charger Receptacle pro- large color display and a new graphic giving a 103° diagonal eld of view. vides 3 amps of power via two USB menu. The gauge utilizes the multiple Its housing options are hard anod- ports. It can recharge one tablet com- echo technique to ignore coatings up ized aluminum (rated to 1,500 m) or puter from 0% to 100% in 5 to 6 hrs. to 6 mm thick and measure only the titanium (rated to 6,000 m). Bowtech It installs in a standard electrical box metal substrate. Tritex NDT Ltd. Products Ltd. deeper than 1.5-in. with internal AC/ MC clamps. The faceplate is 2.62-in. Radar Level Sensor Analog, Digital Data Acquisition Card high by 1.3-in. wide. Hubbell Marine Designed to work with Valeport’s Tide- The Model 826, a PCI Express I/O Electrical Products. Master tide logger or as a standalone board, features six encoder/timer/ device with optional integrated GPRS counter interfaces, 16 differential ana- Interceptor System telemetry, the VRS20 uses 25 GHz log inputsTechnology (16-bit, 300 kS/s), 8 analog Humphree Control System 5 (HCS-5) pulsed K-band radar to measure water outputs (16-bit, 900 kS/s), 48 bidirec- features a new control panel with a level to ±10 mm accuracy. Alternative- tional digital I/Os with edge capture, high-resolution color screen readable ly, it can interface with a third-partySea three-stage watchdog timer and output in bright sunlight. Other features are an data logger. Valeport Ltd. fail-safeMagazine controller. Sensoray Co. Inc. intuitive user interface, night mode, and actual trim and list data in real time. A Echosounder for Fishery Surveys Full Environmental Sealing Boot control unit with state-of-the-art motion With upgrades to the ME70 multibeam Resistant to salt spray, sunlight, ozone, sensors provides power distribution to echosounder’s hardware and software weather, and most acids and lubricat- the servo motors. Humphree. n
www.sea-technology.com MARCH 2013 / st 53 tral Gulf of Mexico lease sales that will offshore oil &ocean engineering be held under the program.
Variable Bore Rams to Provide Total Enters Deep Offshore Oceaneering Awarded Subsea BOP Rams to Weatherford Asia Exploration in Cyprus BOP Control Systems Contracts Variable Bore Rams Inc. (Layfayette, Total SA (Paris, France) signed in Oceaneering International Inc. Louisiana) has entered into an agree- February two production sharing con- (Houston, Texas) has secured contracts ment with Weatherford Asia Paci c Pte tracts (PSCs) for blocks 10 and 11 with worth more than $40 million with a Ltd. (Singapore) to provide blowout the Republic of Cyprus. The PSCs were subsidiary of Transocean Ltd. (Hous- preventer (BOP) rams. awarded as part of the second offshore ton) to provide three subsea blowout Equipment stocking began in Feb- exploration licensing round, launched preventer (BOP) control systems. ruary to allow for the quicker deploy- by the Cypriot government in 2012. The contracts are for discrete hy- ment of rams in the Asia Paci c re- The licenses extend more than draulic systems that will be used on gion. The range of stock will include 2,572 square kilometers in block 10 existing semi-submersible drilling rigs rams in 7 1/16 inch, 3 to 15M; 11 and 2,958 square kilometers in block that Transocean is modifying to com- inch, 3 to 10M; 13 5/8 inch, 3 to 10M; 11, southwest of Cyprus, in water ply with the American Petroleum In- 18 3/4 inch, 10 to 15M; and 21 1/4 depths ranging from 1,000 to 2,500 stitute’s recently issued standard API inch, 2M. meters. The exploration program will 53, which requires subsea BOPs with The venture will be headed by the begin with 3D seismic surveys in block a single shear ram to be upgraded or Weatherford Pressure Control Busi- 11 and 2D seismic surveys in block 10. replaced. ness unit and Variable Bore Rams Inc.’s These systems will be manufactured International Operations department. Shell’s Arctic Rigs En Route to at the Oceaneering Intervention Engi- Both will oversee all operational activ- Asian Shipyards for Repairs neering facility in Houston, with deliv- ity involved with the contract. The two rigs intended for Royal eries anticipated in the fourth quarter Dutch Shell plc’s (The Hague, Nether- of 2013 and the rst quarter of 2014. UK Subsea Companies See Bright lands) drilling program offshore Alaska Future for Industry, Survey Says will undergo repairs at shipyards in DPS Offshore Renamed Subsea companies in the U.K. are Asia, Reuters reported in February. Forum Subsea Rentals very optimistic for business in 2013 af- Shell has not con rmed whether it will Forum Energy Technologies Inc. ter the industry had a pro table 2012, drill offshore Alaska in 2013, but the (Houston, Texas) recently announced according to a survey of Subsea UK ships’ repairs and previous issues have the rebrand of its DPS Offshore (Ab- members. cast further doubt on whether such erdeen, Scotland) product line to be The survey results, released in Feb- plans would be feasible. knownTechnology as Forum Subsea Rentals. ruary, found that all rms are predict- Shell has yet to name the shipyards, Forum Subsea Rentals services oper- ing signi cant growth in the next 12 but the Kulluk will be dry-dockedSea and ates from locations in Aberdeen; Great months. Almost half expect to grow by the Noble Discoverer will go to South Yarmouth,Magazine England; Houston; Dubai, 30 percent and a third by more than Korea. The ships were scheduled to de- United Arab Emirates; and Singapore. 50 percent. part Alaska in March for a two-to-four- Almost 90 percent of those sur- week-long trip to their destinations. 38 Million Acres Offered In veyed saw turnover and pro ts rise in At the end of last year, the Kulluk Central Gulf of Mexico Lease Sale 2012, with more than half reporting had run aground near Kodiak Island af- The Central Gulf of Mexico Lease growth of 20 percent and a fth report- ter slipping its tow lines. Government Sale 227, planned for mid-March, will ing more than 50 percent growth. regulations and testing had further offer 38.6 million acres offshore Loui- The main drivers for growth were slowed Shell’s progress, as problems siana, Mississippi and Alabama for oil a sustained high oil price, an increase were identi ed with the company’s and gas exploration and development, in global demand, and new technol- support vessels and Noble Discoverer the U.S. Bureau of Ocean Energy Man- ogy and innovation that are leading to rig. In October, a re broke out on the agement (BOEM) said in February. more developments becoming viable. Discoverer. These mishaps culminated The sale encompasses 7,299 blocks The fastest growing subsea segments with the U.S. Department of the Inte- located from 3 to 230 miles offshore, in are inspection, repair and mainte- rior launching a review of Shell’s pro- water depths ranging from 3 to 3,400 nance, integrity and reliability, decom- gram in January 2013. meters. BOEM estimates the lease sale missioning and offshore wind. Shell has spent $4.5 billion on its could result in the production of 0.46 The biggest challenge facing the efforts in the Chukchi and Beaufort billion to 0.89 billion barrels of oil, sector is recruiting and retaining skilled seas, according to Reuters. The Noble and 1.9 trillion cubic feet to 3.9 trillion people, with 88 percent citing this as Discoverer, under contract from owner cubic feet of natural gas. their foremost constraint. Noble Corp. (Baar, Switzerland), is The sale, which includes all un- Other challenges reported by 15 costing Shell $244,000 per day, while leased areas in the Central Gulf of percent or more respondents were ac- it is docked in Seward, Alaska, where Mexico planning area, will be the sec- cess to nance and working capital U.S. Coast Guard inspections revealed ond sale under the Outer Continental in particular, nding suitable prem- de ciencies in its environmental and Shelf Oil and Gas Leasing Program for ises, controlling costs and managing safety systems. 2012 to 2017. It is the rst of ve Cen- growth. n
54 st / MARCH 2013 www.sea-technology.com PharmaSea Hunts for Potential oceanresearch Antibiotics in Deep-Sea Trenches In an effort to uncover bacteria that can produce new antibiotics, the Phar- AUV, ROV Uncover Hidden They then used these images to maSea project will plunge up to 2 kilo- Underwater Faults measure the slip rate within the San meters below sea level to retrieve sam- Monterey Bay Aquarium Research Diego Trough Fault Zone, the rst slip ples this autumn in the Atacama Trench Institute (MBARI) and U.S. Geological rate that has ever been recorded for an in the Eastern Pacic Ocean about 100 Survey geologists have brought under- offshore fault within the California Bor- miles off the coast of Chile and Peru. water faults offshore California, hidden derland. The four-year project is backed by £8 by ocean waves and masked by sand To calculate the fault’s slip rate, million of European Union funding. and mud on the sea oor, into view for the researchers rst used data from The team will also search the Arctic the rst time. MBARI’s Dorado-class, sea oor-map- waters off Norway and the Antarctic These faults are notoriously dif- ping AUV to measure how far the fault via Italian and South African partners. cult to see and even more difcult to had shifted the sea oor and found a Deep trenches will also be accessed study. As a result, geologists struggle to shift of about 18 meters. To estimate off New Zealand. evaluate the risks associated with these how long this 18-meter shift took to Using shing vessels, the team will faults and often cannot include them form, the team used sub-bottom pro- drop a sampler on a reel of cables to in seismic hazard assessments. The les and collected samples of sediment the trench bed to collect sediment. team’s methods were very similar to using MBARI’s ROV Doc Ricketts. Scientists will then attempt to grow those used to study faults on land, but Using the new sonar data, the team unique bacteria and fungi from the this was among the rst studies to take also discovered that this fault extends sediment, which can be extracted and similar measurements underwater, said 60 kilometers further north than previ- rened to discover new antibiotics. MBARI geologist Charlie Paull. ously mapped. It may even be linked Most experts agree over-reliance The team conducted its studies off to the San Pedro Basin Fault Zone, and inappropriate prescribing of anti- the coast of Southern California in the which extends an additional 90 kilo- biotics has led to an increase in drug- California Borderland. The researchers meters to the northwest. If this is the resistant bugs. Medical experts fear collected ultrahigh-resolution images case, this fault zone would be one of effective antibiotics might soon run of the sea oor using one of MBARI’s the longest in the California Border- out completely, leaving no means to AUVs, which also measured the thick- land and could produce some of the treat seriously ill patients in the future. ness of the muddy layers of sediment. largest earthquakes in the region. “There hasn’t been a completely new Technology Sea´7UDFNLQJFDEOHVMXVWJRW -DFN)LVKHU MagazineHDVLHUDQGFKHDSHU 3UHVLGHQW ZLWK)LVKHUV&DEOH7UDFNHUµ ³)LVKHUV&7&DEOH 7UDFNLQJ6\VWHPZDV VSHFLILFDOO\GHVLJQHGWR ORFDWHDQGWUDFNEXULHG SRZHUDQGFRPPXQLFD WLRQVFDEOHV7KHV\VWHP 6LJQDO,QMHFWRU ZLOOORFDWHDQGWUDFNFDEOHV CT-1 RQODQGRUXQGHUZDWHUDQG &DEOH7UDFNLQJ6\VWHP ZLOOORFDWHIDXOWVRUEUHDNV LQDFDEOH 2QO\ 7KH&DEOH7UDFNHUV\V WHPFRQVLVWVRIWKH6LJQDO ,QMHFWRUDQGWKH&DEOH 7UDFNHU3UREHDOOIRURQH ORZSULFH´ &DOOIRUDIUHHFDWDORJRUYLVLWRXUZHEVLWH MZILVKHUVFRP 6FDQ DDW-1 3LQJHUV 6LGH 529V P12 6FDQV
6FDQQLQJ 6RQDU 3LQJHUV %RDWWRZHG 'HSUHVVRU:LQJ DQG 0HWDO'HWHFWRU $1,295 5HFHLYHUV $19,995 &RXQW\6W(7DXQWRQ0$ 86$ (800)822-4744 )$; HPDLO MZILVKHUV#DROFRPZZZMZILVKHUVFRP
www.sea-technology.com MARCH 2013 / st 55 antibiotic registered since 2003. This marine scientists are trialing them. ocean data, “A Guide to Quality Con- is partially because of a lack of inter- Tags are made of titanium for several trol and Quality Assurance for Dis- est by drug companies as antibiotics reasons: the metal is strong, resists the solved Oxygen Observations in Coast- are not particularly protable,” said salty corrosiveness of the marine envi- al Oceans.” This standardization of 26 project leader Marcel Jaspars, a pro- ronment and is biocompatible (non- different oceanographic data variables fessor of chemistry at the University of toxic to living tissues). should enhance accuracy of tools, Aberdeen. “The average person uses an One of the advantages of 3D print- models and forecasts. antibiotic for only for a few weeks and ing is that it enables rapid manufacture The manual, available at www.ioos. the drug itself only has around a ve-to- of multiple design variations, which gov/qartod, focuses on best practices 10-year lifespan—so the rms don’t see can then be tested simultaneously, in for quality assurance and control tests much return on their investment.” as little as a week. CSIRO’s 3D print- of dissolved oxygen measurements Only a handful of samples have ing facility prints metal items layer by taken by commonly used sensors in ever been taken from deep trenches layer out of fused metal powder. Had all coastal regions, including the Great and investigated. The results of the the scientists been using conventional Lakes. The next manuals, expected out project could be available to treat pa- tags, which are machined out of metal this spring, will feature best practices tients within a decade. blocks, it would have taken a couple for wave and current data. of months to design, manufacture and Developed with observing experts Scientists Prototype Titanium receive the new designs for testing. and sensor vendors, the manual pro- Fish Trackers With 3D Printing Scientists from a number of agen- vides a checklist that each IOOS re- The Commonwealth Scientic cies, including CSIRO Marine and At- gion, as well as others who operate and Industrial Research Organisation mospheric Research, use sh tags to data collection centers, can use to be- (CSIRO) scientists are using 3D print- track movements of individual marine gin quality assurance and control pro- ing to build a new generation of titani- species and increase understanding of cedures while still addressing specic um sh tags. The aim is to use the tags their behavior. regional needs. to track big sh such as marlin, tuna, The effort behind the manuals be- swordsh, trevally and sharks for lon- IOOS Publishes Guide for gan in 2003, looking at then-existing ger periods. Ocean Data Standardization community-based quality assurance/ CSIRO is printing the tags at its 3D The U.S. Integrated Ocean Observ- quality control efforts and standards printing facility in Melbourne, Aus- ing System (IOOS) has issued the rst across federal agencies and in the tralia. The tags are printed overnight in a series of IOOS manuals designed development of U.S. IOOS Regional and then shipped to Tasmania where to improve standardized collection of Coastal Ocean Observing Systems. n Technology Sea Magazine
WORLD CLASS Through People, Technology & Dedication For more information about our products, please contact us at +1 508-563-6565 www.hydroid.com
56 st / MARCH 2013 www.sea-technology.com Among the discoveries were a new marineresources species of eelpout at 4,250 meters depth, a new depth record of 5,500 meters for a rattail sh, another rattail More Rain From Climate Change public sessions as they become avail- sh at 2,000 to 4,500 meters depth and Could Strengthen Marshes able. In January, the council released a new depth record of 3,500 meters for Rising sea levels from a warming The Path Forward to Restoring the Gulf large, deep-sea cusk eels. climate are predicted to threaten many Coast, a report describing how it will On board the RV Kaharoa, the sci- coastal sea marshes around the world develop an initial comprehensive plan. entists used landers with cameras at- in the coming decades. Global climate A draft plan will be released for public tached that free fall to the seaoor, as change is also predicted to increase comment in the spring. well as baited sh traps to attract the the frequency and severity of storms. The plan’s goals are to restore and animals. A research study in the Journal of Geo- conserve habitat, restore water qual- The amount of data recovered adds physical Research: Earth Surface takes ity, replenish and protect living coastal to the information collected on three into account how increased stormi- and marine resources, enhance com- previous voyages to the Kermadec ness could affect the ability of coastal munity resilience, and restore and re- Trench by the Aberdeen-NIWA col- marshes to withstand sea level rise. vitalize the gulf economy. laboration aboard the Kahora. Researchers ran simulations of All the equipment used in these re- marshes on the German island of Sylt Indonesia Government Promotes search cruises was designed and con- in the Wadden Sea for the period from National Blue Economy structed at Oceanlab. 2010 to 2100. They analyzed simula- Indonesia’s Maritime Affairs and The results are improving under- tions of 48 sea level-rise scenarios and Fisheries Ministry has chosen Nusa standing of biodiversity in the deep sea 13 storm scenarios to identify the criti- Penida, Lombok and Batam islands for around New Zealand, and assessment cal rate of sea level rise that would al- a national pilot project to develop a of potential risks to the ecosystem from low marshes to survive just until 2100. blue, sustainable economy, The Jakarta future climate change and human ac- They found that with no increase in Post reported. Development potential tivities, such as seabed mining. storminess and with constant sea level and investment costs are currently be- rise, the maximum rate of sea level rise ing calculated. EU Could Limit Fish Catches the marshes could withstand was 19 To improve infrastructure in the For Sustainability to 21 millimeters per year. But when eastern parts of the country to support The European Parliament approved they took into account storminess, the the project, the ministry plans to pro- in February a plan to reform the Euro- marshes’ ability to withstand sea level vide incentives on sea transportation to pean Union’s (EU) Common Fisheries rise increased: Marshes survived an ease access and facilitate connectivity Policy, ScienceInsider reported. The additional 3 millimeters per year of sea betweenTechnology islands. The ministry will also plan will limit catches, ban discards of level rise with increasing frequency of improve shery commodity-process- unwanted species and improve the use storms, though only an additional 1 ing plants in eastern Indonesia. of scientic data for long-term plan- millimeter per year if storm Sea intensity, In 2013, the maritime and shery ning. but not frequency, increased. sectorMagazine is expected to contribute $6.8 The European Commission said 68 Flooding from storms tends to trans- billion to the GDP. The ministry is tar- percent of the EU’s stocks are over- port sediment to the marshes from ad- geting a 2013 export value from the shed. If the new rules are fully ad- jacent areas, helping to build up the sector of $5 billion, compared to $4 opted, sh stocks should “recover by marshes. Thus, the effects of increased billion in 2012. 2020, enabling us to take 15 million storminess on a particular marsh’s Exports of marine and shery prod- tons more sh, and create 37,000 new ability to withstand sea level rise will ucts constituted 86 percent of total jobs,” said Ulrike Rodust, a German depend on the availability of erodible trade in 2012, while imports account- member of the parliament. ne-grained material near the marsh, ed for only 14 percent. Starting in 2015, regulators would the researchers said. set catch limits according to a maxi- Fish Discovered at Record Depths mum sustainable yield (MSY), prevent- Public Can Weigh in on In Kermadec Trench ing shermen from catching more than Gulf Coast Restoration Scientists from the University of a sh stock can reproduce in a given The Gulf Coast Ecosystem Restora- Aberdeen’s Oceanlab, New Zealand’s year. MSY is common in the U.S. tion Council, established by the U.S. National Institute of Water and Atmo- Europêche, a European shing lob- Congress’ Resources and Ecosystem spheric Research (NIWA), and Mu- by, thinks MSY should be postponed to Sustainability, Tourism Opportunities seum of New Zealand Te Papa Ton- 2020. and Revived Economies of the Gulf garewa have discovered a new species The reform plan must be discussed Coast States (RESTORE) Act of 2012, of sh and gained new knowledge of with governments from the EU’s 27 held public engagement sessions in life at previously unexplored depths member states. If an agreement is February in Mississippi, Louisiana and during seven days of ocean sampling reached by the end of June, the plan Florida to allow for initial input into on the edge of the Kermadec Trench at could be enacted next year. the comprehensive plan for Gulf Coast 1 to 6.5 kilometers depth. They took Spain and France, two of the EU’s restoration. The council will announce more than 6,500 photographs of deep- top shing nations, oppose the reform, additional dates and locations for sea sh and caught about 100 sh. according to Greenpeace. n
www.sea-technology.com MARCH 2013 / st 57 been found, for example, as to how marineelectronics robot systems can move and conduct measurements a year long on their own and independently without exhausting SeaRobotics Delivers will bring navigation, real-time moni- their batteries,” said Professor Karin First HullBUG for Testing toring and centralized management of Lochte, scientic director of AWI. SeaRobotics Corp. (Stuart, Florida) pilotage activities as part of a pilotage One of the goals is to develop a has delivered the rst Hull Bio-inspired safety management system. control unit for new autonomous Underwater Grooming (HullBUG) Sys- The new PPUs are touchscreen de- deep-sea robot systems that recognizes tem to the Center for Corrosion and Bi- vices that run the SevenCs Orca Pilot and avoids any object lying in its path, ofouling Control at Florida Institute of G2 pilotage software, and they were such as stones. Future robots would Technology. It will be tested and further customized by SevenCs for pilotage also be able to independently take soil developed at the newly commissioned within the reef. samples from deep-sea volcanoes and large-scale seawater facility located at help to minimize the risks of deep-sea Port Canaveral in Florida and funded SeeTrack Now Compatible exploration. Furthermore, technolo- by the U.S. Ofce of Naval Research. With Sea Scan HDS gies would be developed to reliably The HullBUG system is an AUV de- SeeByte Ltd. (Edinburgh, Scotland) monitor pipelines on the seaoor or signed to crawl on ship hulls or other announced in February the compat- the foundations of offshore structures underwater structures to groom their ibility of its SeeTrack Military software over long periods of time. surfaces to keep them clean of marine systems with the Marine Sonic Tech- The Helmholtz Association is sup- growth. It weighs 30 to 40 kilograms, nology Ltd. (White Marsh, Virginia) porting the ve-year project with €15 attaches to the hull and performs a high-resolution Sea Scan HDS side million. The same sum is being con- gentle cleaning function. Numerous scan sonar system. tributed by the scientic institutions embedded computers perform navi- SeeTrack Military is an open-archi- involved: AWI, ve institutes of the gation and sensing tasks to facilitate tecture platform solution for rapid on- German Aerospace Center, GEOMAR grooming the ship hull. site analysis and data fusion that can – Helmholtz Centre for Ocean Re- “The highly automated proactive be adapted for specic user needs. It search Kiel, German Research Center grooming, or light cleaning ... will was developed as a mission-planning, for Articial Intelligence, Center for revolutionize hull maintenance allow- monitoring, post-processing and re- Marine Environmental Sciences at the ing it to remain in a clean state at all porting tool, and can be used on sur- University of Bremen, Jacobs Univer- times,” said Geoffrey Swain, a Florida veys, military and security operations, sity, Technical University of Munich, Tech professor of ocean engineering. and scientic experiments. Technical University of Dresden, Tech- The AUV can attach to ferrous, non- Sea Scan HDS has a small top-side nical University of Berlin and Techni- ferrous and berglass hulls. Opportu- processorTechnology (8 by 4.5 by 1.75 inches) and cal University of Kaiserslautern. nities are being explored in commer- is lightweight, shock-resistant, and de- cial shipping, oil and gas, and nuclear signed to provide a telemetry interface C-Stat 2 Buoy to Monitor and conventional power generationSea between the tow sh and a Windows Japanese Coast for Earthquakes markets. PC. TheMagazine top-side processor design pro- ASV Ltd. (Portchester, England) has The HullBUG is being tested on an vides for a tow-cable connector, USB delivered a C-Stat 2, an autonomous 8-foot by 30-foot steel plate, coated 2.0 connector, fuse holder, power con- mobile station-keeping buoy, to To- with U.S. Navy-qualied antifouling nector, LED power indicator and pow- hoku University in Japan. It will be coatings, which simulates a ship’s hull. er switch. The system can be powered used to help predict earthquakes off The estimated 5 percent improve- from a 12-to-24-volt DC or 90-to-240- the Japanese coast. ment in fuel efciency achieved volt AC, 50-to-60-hertz power source. The C-Stat hull is made of alu- through proactive grooming translates minium with a polyurethane-coated into a savings of $15 billion a year for Space, Deep-Sea Scientists Will closed-cell foam fender and is pow- the global shipping industry, SeaRo- Jointly Develop Autonomous Tech ered by a hybrid diesel-electric drive botics said. Additionally, this grooming Several German space and marine system. An integral fuel tank provides will achieve a proportional reduction research institutions under the leader- an endurance of four and a half days in in the 1 billion tons of greenhouse gas- ship of the Alfred Wegener Institute currents up to 3.5 knots and more than es a year emitted by the eet. (AWI) Helmholtz Centre for Polar and 20 days in lower speed currents such Marine Research have joined forces for as 1.5 to 2 knots. Great Barrier Reef Pilots to Get the Robotic Exploration under Extreme The vessel can be controlled by a Touchscreen Devices for Safety Conditions (ROBEX) project. They will UHF data link for line-of-site control or SevenCs (Hamburg, Germany) has share research and develop robot tech- a satellite link for global control. The partnered with VoyageBank (Cairns, nologies to explore the moon and the portable control console comes with a Australia) to deliver Portable Pilot Unit deep sea independently over long pe- handheld controller for close-quarters (PPU) technology to 50 marine pilots riods. maneuvering when launching and responsible for keeping the Great Bar- “We are faced with the same tech- retrieving alongside a ship or harbor rier Reef free of shipping disasters. nical challenges in the exploration of wall. The three-year deal, signed with the both regions. Neither for the deep sea The buoy will also be developed for Australian Reef Pilots industry group, nor for the moon has a solution so far the oil and gas, and military markets. n
58 st / MARCH 2013 www.sea-technology.com Statoil’s proposal won a $4 million marinerenewables grant from the U.S. Department of En- ergy. The company is now competing for nal awards up to $47 million. But Wave Energy Project Gets the cost of energy on our rate payers, if Statoil doesn’t win a second grant in- Go-Ahead in Yakutat, Alaska which is currently 55 cents per kilo- stallment or Congress does not renew Resolute Marine Energy (RME) of watt-hour for most residential custom- a key tax credit for renewable energy, Boston, Massachusetts, announced in ers.” the company might not move forward February that its preliminary permit Studies and planning will now start with Hywind. application to the U.S. Federal Energy for the design of the project and prepa- If Statoil does proceed, the project, Regulatory Commission (FERC) has ration for a FERC operation license ap- which would cost $120 million, would been approved for the Yakutat Wave plication. put four 3-megawatt wind turbines on Energy Project in Alaska. In December 2012, RME success- oating spar-buoy structures tethered In July 2012, RME led an applica- fully tested its latest SurgeWEC device to the seabed at 460 feet depth. Power tion for a preliminary permit to study off the Outer Banks in Duck, North could be moving through undersea the feasibility of the project, which Carolina. The tests were the nal phase cable into the grid by 2016. involves a 25-square-mile area within of work under an award from the U.S. Norway’s Hywind project has ex- submerged lands off Yakutat, a remote Department of Energy. ceeded performance goals by generat- community in southeast Alaska. The ing power 50 percent of the time and project will consist of an array of RME’s Maine Approves Statoil Hywind surviving 50-foot waves and hurricane- SurgeWEC wave energy converters for Demonstration Project force winds. The success, however, a total installed capacity of 750 kilo- Maine’s Public Utilities Commission came at a high price tag: $62 million watts. The estimated annual generation has approved support for the Statoil for the single 2.3-megawatt turbine. exceeds 3,000 megawatt-hours. (Stavanger, Norway) Hywind Maine The company aims to reduce the tech- “Today we’re totally at the mercy demonstration project, which means nology’s cost, which the Maine Hy- of the price of diesel fuel,” said Scott utility customers will have to pay about wind project could facilitate. Newlun, general manager of Yaku- 75 cents more a month on average, The Maine Hywind would help tat Power. “We see a huge energy re- Portland Press Herald reported. Statoil reach its goal for this decade of source going to waste over on Cannon Hywind could become the rst producing power at 10 to 15 cents per Beach and hope this project brings oating wind turbine park in the Unit- kilowatt-hour in a commercial wind sustainable power to Yakutat and eases ed States. park. Technology Sea Magazine
www.sea-technology.com MARCH 2013 / st 59 EMP Teams With Solbian Solbian’s technology into EMP’s Ener- crystalline silicon cells. The polymers To Bring Solar Panels to Ships gySail, which can be congured with are also highly resistant to weathering, Eco Marine Power Co. Ltd. (EMP) solar panels or wind power devices. even under extreme conditions. of Fukuoka, Japan, will collaborate Later this year, sea trials are planned, with Solbian Energie Alternative Srl as well as the application of Solbian WindSentinel Buoy to Aid of Avigliana, Italy, to develop applica- technology to other projects, such as Taiwan’s Offshore Wind Projects tions for Solbian’s solar-cell technology EMP’s AquariusUSV and Aquarius Eco AXYS Technologies Inc. (Sidney, across a variety of marine renewable Ship. Canada) will supply the National Cheng energy projects for shipping, including Solbian’s light, exible and impact- Kung University (NCKU) in Taiwan with EMP’s Aquarius MRE System, which resistant photovoltaic modules, or the WindSentinel wind resource assess- comprises rigid sails, solar panels and SOLBIANFLEX panels, use lightweight ment buoy. energy storage modules. polymer lms instead of traditional The purchase has been funded by Initially, lab testing activities in Osa- glass, which allows for new applica- a National Science Council grant. The ka, Japan, will focus on incorporating tions for the proven technology of system will be used to support Taiwan’s development of 3 gigawatts of offshore wind projects. At this rst stage, the WindSentinel will be deployed in the Super Tank at NCKU’s Tainan Hydraulics Lab.
New O&M Base for Sheringham Shoal Wind Farm Scira Offshore Energy Ltd. (Walsing- ham, England), which runs Sheringham Shoal Offshore Wind Farm, moved in February to a new operation and main- tenance (O&M) base at Wind Farm Place in Egmere, England. The facility is a low-energy consump- tion building, with low-energy lighting, highly insulated walls, a green roof to reduce rainwater run off and gray-water recycling of rainwater to ush toilets. TechnologyWith 900 square feet of ofce accom- modation and 400 square feet of ware- Sea housing, the facility will house Scira’s Magazinemanagement and administration staff, and serve as the base for the wind tur- bine technicians.
MTU’s Series 2000 Engines Power Wind Farm Support Vessels VEKA Group (Werkendam, Nether- lands) has launched its rst wind farm support vessel series, called Animal. Each ship in the series is equipped with twin 8V 2000 M72 engines from MTU Friedrichshafen GmbH (Friedrich- shafen, Germany). The catamaran is about 20 meters in length and has a ser- vice speed of 23 knots, with a top speed of 27 knots. The support vessel can car- ry 12 passengers and a three-man crew. MTU has also delivered twin 8V 2000 M72 engines for the rst of eight wind farm support vessels by shipbuild- er Strategic Marine Pty Ltd. (Henderson, Australia). The 21-meter catamaran, which is capable of speeds up to 25 knots, was built for the European mar- ket in the Singapore shipyard of Strate- gic Marine. n
60 st / MARCH 2013 www.sea-technology.com Mamzaar. The station will collect pre- environmentalmonitoring cise tide data continuously for 19 years to calculate the mean sea level and an- nual sea-level rise, provide precise tide NASA to Launch Ocean Wind ISS-RapidScat will have measure- and meteorological data, and dene Monitor to Space Station ment accuracy similar to QuikScat’s and update a precise vertical datum for Reusing hardware originally built to and will survey all regions of Earth ac- Dubai Emirate. test parts of NASA’s QuikScat satellite, cessible from the space station’s orbit. There is no such permanent tidal the agency will launch the ISS-Rap- The instrument will be launched to the station elsewhere in the Gulf region, idScat instrument to the International space station aboard a SpaceX Dragon and this is rst time such a project is Space Station in 2014 to measure cargo spacecraft. It is expected to op- being undertaken in the Middle East, ocean-surface wind speed and direc- erate autonomously aboard the station Unique System FZE said. As a result of tion. for two years. signicant dredging and construction The ISS-RapidScat instrument will Present scatterometer orbits pass in the nearshore and offshore area of help improve weather forecasts, in- the same point on Earth at approxi- Dubai, the sea level has risen. Also, cluding hurricane monitoring, and un- mately the same time every day. Since due to global warming, the Geodesy derstanding of how ocean-atmosphere the space station’s orbit intersects the and Hydrographic Survey Section of interactions inuence Earth’s climate. orbits of each of these satellites about the Survey Department felt the need ISS-RapidScat will ll the data gap once every hour, ISS-RapidScat can for a permanent tide gauge station in created when QuikScat, which was serve as a calibration standard and the Gulf Sea. designed to last two years but oper- help scientists stitch together the data The Survey Department of Dubai ated for 10, stopped collecting ocean from multiple sources into a long-term Municipality already has a network wind data in late 2009. NASA and record. of ve coastal and offshore tide and NOAA have studied next-generation meteorological stations that have been replacements for QuikScat, but a suc- Unique System FZE Installs First continuously monitoring and record- cessor will not be available soon. Permanent Tidal Station in Dubai ing data since 2004. NASA’s Jet Propulsion Laboratory and Unique System FZE (Sharjah, Unit- the agency’s station program proposed ed Arab Emirates), along with The Seaoor Boreholes Illuminate adapting leftover QuikScat hardware Geodesy and Hydrographic Survey Stress Change in Tohoku Quake in combination with new hardware for Section of Dubai Municipality, estab- The magnitude-9.0 Tohoku earth- use on the space station. lished a permanent tidal station at Al quake in March 2011 produced the Technology Sea MagazineTRIGGERFISH T4N ROV ...WHEN SIZE, PERFORMANCE AND RELIABILITY MATTER Power Performance Easy to Deploy
DOE, INC. 2528 Qume Drive, Ste 11 San Jose, CA 95131 USA Tel: 408-436-1102 Fax: 408-436-1108 www.deepocean.com [email protected]
www.sea-technology.com MARCH 2013 / st 61 largest slip ever recorded in an earth- ern coast of Honshu, Japan, in nearly This new method, found by scien- quake, more than 50 meters. Such 7,000 meters of water. tists from NOAA and the University of huge fault movement on the shallow An important nding of the paper is Washington, could allow meteorolo- portion of the megathrust boundary that the present shear stress on the fault gists to forecast outlooks for the winter came as a surprise to seismologists is nearly zero, indicating that there was season more accurately. The study was because this portion of the subduc- a nearly complete stress change during published in the February issue of the tion zone was not thought to be ac- the earthquake. Usually, earthquakes Journal of Climate. cumulating stress prior to the earth- are thought to release only a portion of A network of buoys that spans the quake. the stress on the fault. Pacic, the TAO-Triton array, observes These large slips are the results of a The expedition set new milestones conditions in the upper ocean and helps complete stress drop during the earth- in scientic ocean drilling by drilling forecast El Niño months in advance. quake, Integrated Ocean Drilling Pro- a borehole to 854.81 mbsf in water Scientists looked at all El Niño events gram (IODP) reported in a study pub- depths of 6,897.5 meters. Deep core that were identied by sea surface tem- lished in Science, which sheds light on was obtained and analyzed from this perature measurements since 1979. the stress state on the fault that controls depth. The Japan Trench plate bound- They then examined satellite imagery the very large slip. ary was sampled and a parallel bore- and found that a subset of the events The expedition, mobilized by the hole was instrumented with a borehole showed a sharp dip in OLR. Japan Agency for Marine-Earth Science observatory system. When comparing the El Niño events and Technology (JAMSTEC) in April The expedition is conducting fur- to historical weather records, they found 2012, is the rst time that “rapid-re- ther investigations of core samples and that the El Niño events with drops in sponse drilling” (within 13 months af- borehole logging data. OLR were the ones most likely to play ter the earthquake) has been attempted havoc with winter weather. to measure the temperature across a Scientists Identify Which El Niño El Niño events with no correspond- subduction fault zone. Events Impact US Winters ing drop in OLR did not produce statis- The team investigated the large dis- By examining sharp dips in heat tically signicant anomalies in weather placement by drilling from the ocean radiating from the tops of deep con- patterns. oor to the plate boundary, reaching vective clouds, or outgoing long-wave The dip in heat from deep convective a maximum depth of more than 850 radiation (OLR), during El Niño, fore- clouds usually occurred before winter, meters below seaoor (mbsf). casters could more accurately predict so the timing of the signal could help Drill sites were located approxi- the unusual, highly unpredictable forecasters improve winter seasonal mately 220 kilometers from the east- weather caused during these events. outlooks. n Technology VRS-20 RadarSea Magazine Level Sensor Tide Gauges
a new approach to tide and water level measurement
t Non-contact measurement of water level
t Direct interface to TideMaster tide gauge
t Use with own logger or PC via digital outputs
t Direct output via GPRS to internet
Tel: +44 (0) 1803 869292 [email protected] in our element www.valeport.co.uk
62 st / MARCH 2013 www.sea-technology.com will provide funding in order to de- chinery equipment and services for contracts velop AquaTrak, a correlation veloc- FPSOs P-74, P-75, P-76 and P-77 ity log for underwater navigation. It in the Cessão Onerosa region of the will be used to measure the speed Santos Basin pre-salt elds. Petro- over ground of UUVs and can also bras. McDermott International Inc., be used for high-resolution current Houston, Texas, contract to develop proling. National Research Council FoundOcean, Marlow, England, offshore surface facilities and an in- of Canada Industrial Research Assis- grouting contract for 108 monopiles eld owline for the Kepodang Field tance Program. at West of Duddon Sands Offshore in water depths up to 70 meters, in- Wind Farm in the east Irish Sea. The cluding procurement, construction, Parker Hanni n Corp., Cleveland, turbine foundations will be grout- installation and commissioning of a Ohio, contract to supply the Park- ed May to November, using BASF’s central processing platform, a well- erRPMS (remote position monitor- Masterow 9500 Exagrout. Offshore head platform, an ineld owline ing system) for the Goliat FPSO. The Wind Force. and installation of remote control ParkerPMS and ParkerRPMS will be facilities onshore. Completion is modied for Goliat, and they will also Beam Communications Pty Ltd., expected in 2014. Petronas Carigali play a role in safety during crude-oil Mulgrave, Australia, an agreement for Muriah Ltd. loading in the Arctic. The order also the supply of an initial $1 million of includes delivery of two ParkerPMS Beam Inmarsat marine satellite ter- Navis Engineering Oy, Vantaa, Fin- systems to two Knutsen OAS Shipping minals. This initial order follows the land, contract to supply six DP2 sys- shuttle tankers. Eni Norge. successful trial and acceptance of the tems for the series of Fast Support Beam terminals after MCN commit- Intervention Vessels being built at Centre for Environment, Fisheries ted in July 2012 to undertake a trial the Piriou SEAS shipyard in Vietnam. & Aquaculture Science, Lowestoft, deploying 200 Beam Oceana 400 Bourbon. England, contract to provide met- and Oceana 800 marine communica- ocean data to support the develop- tions terminals on shing vessels in General Dynamics NASSCO, San ment of the East Anglia Zone in the China, using the Inmarsat FleetPhone Diego, California, contract to de- North Sea. The three-year project will Service. Delivery of the initial order sign the conversion of two 839-foot involve the deployment, operation will commence this quarter and be Orca-class diesel-electric trailerships, and servicing of directional waverid- completed by May. Beijing Marine which operate between Tacoma, er buoys and seabed mini-landers Communication & Navigation Co. Washington, and Anchorage, Alaska, across the zone. East Anglia Offshore (MCN). to LNG propulsion. Totem Ocean Wind Ltd. Trailer Express Inc. TechnologyUnique Hydrographic Systems, Navi Atwood Oceanics Inc., Houston, Mumbai, India, contract to supply Intelsat Global S.A., Luxembourg, Texas, two-year drilling services con- Seaex Air Lift bags. The total value multiyear agreements to Sea enable tract for the Atwood Orca, which will of the project is approximately $ provision of broadband service in mobilizeMagazine after delivery in May for ap- 70,000. The Air Lift bags range from the Indian Ocean. Capacity will be proximately 10 days to its rst loca- 250 to 5,000 kilograms for a project used on Intelsat 22 at 72° East, In- tion offshore Thailand. Mubadala Pe- worth $251.2 million for the replace- telsat 702 at 33° East, and the In- troleum. ment of production and transportation telsatOneSM terrestrial network. infrastructure installed in the 1980s, GLOBAL IP. Subsea 7, London, England, $135 extending the Mumbai High project’s million contract for work on the Fram potential eld life under pipeline re- Aquatec Group Ltd., Hartley oil and gas development in the Cen- placement project PRP3. Leighton Wintney, England, 1.6 million Nor- tral North Sea, including engineering, Welspun Contractors Pvt. Ltd. wegian krone contract to supply HY- procurement, fabrication and instal- DROlog, AQUAmodem and AQUAs- lation of a 4.5-kilometer, 44-inch-di- Dron & Dickson, Stirling, Scotland, witch technology to equip subsea ameter ineld pipeline bundle, with contract for a project involving elec- hydrotest data-logger spreads. IKM integrated manifolds and tie-in struc- trical inspection and maintenance Subsea AS. tures. Offshore activities are sched- on SBM Offshore’s assets. Dron & uled to start and complete in 2014. Dickson will provide a team of 60 US Fab, Portland, Oregon, contract Shell UK. to service the operation, including a to build an Alaskan deck barge, Ili- rope access team for high-level main- uliuk Bay, which is designed to house Pulse Structural Monitoring, Wok- tenance. The rm will also provide a 230-ton lift capacity Manitowoc ing, England, contract to provide an a dedicated engineering manager to 4100 crawler crane and other heavy integrated monitoring system, using oversee work being done in all re- machinery. Harley Marine Services the INTEGRI range, for the Big Foot gions. In addition to providing main- Inc. extended tension leg platform in the tenance, the frame agreement with Gulf of Mexico. Chevron U.S.A. Inc. SBM Offshore also allows for the pro- Kraken Sonar Systems Inc., St. John’s, vision of additional services, such as Canada, contribution agreement that GE Oil & Gas, Florence, Italy, $500 condition monitoring and trace heat- million contract to supply turboma- ing maintenance. SBM Offshore. n www.sea-technology.com MARCH 2013 / st 63 5511, [email protected] JUNE meetings or http://bit.ly/ZdH9Qj. June 4-6—Capitol Hill Ocean Week, Washington, D.C. 301-608-3040 or April 22-24—Sustainable Ocean [email protected]. APRIL Summit, Washington, D.C. 808-277- April 8-10—Aquatech India, Delhi, 9008, [email protected] June 10-12—EnergyOcean Internation- India. +31 (0) 20 549 1212, h.vd. or www.oceancouncil.org/site/sum al, Providence/Warwick, Rhode Island. [email protected] or www.aquatechtrade. mit_2013. 240-654-7761, PEphraim@tradefairgrou com/india. p.com or www.energyocean.com. April 23-26—TransRussia, Moscow, April 8-10—CANADA-INDIA Match- Russia. +44 207 596 5188 or www. June 10-13—OCEANS ’13 MTS/ making Mission in Water Technolo- transrussia.ru. IEEE, Bergen, Norway. info@oceans gies, New Delhi, India. 613-729-3069 13mtsieeebergen.org or www.oceans ext. 224, [email protected] April 30-May 1—Newport Ocean 13mtsieeebergen.org. or http://bit.ly/Y34Sns. Observing Conference, Newport, Or- egon. [email protected] or June 12-13—Commercial Marine April 8-10—Sea-Air-Space, National www.ybooi.org. Expo, Hampton, Virginia. 888-849- Harbor, Maryland. 203-491-2400, tom. 8586, [email protected] [email protected] or www. MAY or www.comarexpo.com. seaairspace.org. May 6-9—Offshore Technology Confer- ence, Houston, Texas. 972-952-9494, June 12-13—Wind Farm Develop- April 9-11—Ocean Business, South- [email protected] or www.otcnet. ment: European Onshore 2013, Is- ampton, England. +44 (0) 1453 8363 org/2013. tanbul, Turkey. +48 (0) 616 469 780, 63, [email protected] or [email protected] or www.wpl www.oceanbusiness.com. May 9-10—IMarEST Ballast Water Tech- group.com/aci/conferences/eu-ewo1. nology Conference, London, England. asp. April 10-11—Global Marine Renew- +44 (0)20 7382 2617, events@imarest. able Energy Conference, Washing- org or www.imarest.org/events. June 17-18—Myanmar Oil & Gas ton, D.C. (301) 869-3790 or sean@for Summit, Yangon, Myanmar. +44 (0) 20 oceanenergy.org. May 9-10—Uganda & COMESA: Oil, 7127 4501, [email protected] Gas and Mining Summit, Kampala, or www.myanmarsummit2013.com. April 10-11—Offshore Survey, South- Uganda. +44 (0) 207 127 4501, info@ ampton, England. +44 (0) 1453 oliverkinross.com and www.comesa June 18-20—Undersea Defence Tech- 836363 or www.oceanbusiness.com/ ogm.com.Technologynology, Hamburg, Germany. +44 (0) en/conference. 20 7384 7787, anna.campagnoli@ May 13-14—Offshore Wind Farm clarionevents.com or www.udt-global. April 10-11—Thetis MRE, Sea Brest, Planning, London, England. +44 (0)20 com. France. +33 1 49 54 73 45, c.peseux@ 7017 Magazine 5518, energycustserv@informa. thetis-emr.com or www.thetis-emr. com or http://bit.ly/W1HuZf. June 19-21—TransNav, Gdynia, Po- com. land. +48 58 6901136, transnav@ May 13-16—Blue Vision Summit, am.gdynia.pl or http://transnav2013. April 10-11—Wind Farm Develop- Washington, D.C. [email protected] am.gdynia.pl. ment: European Offshore 2013, Edin- or http://bit.ly/W2SPWo. burgh, Scotland. +44 207 981 2503 or June 23-28—Underwater Acoustics, www.wplgroup.com/aci/conferences/ May 13-16—Geospatial World Fo- Corfu, Greece. +30 2810 391803, john eu-ewp3.asp. rum, Rotterdam, Netherlands. +31 [email protected] or www.uam-confer 684 427 822, yogesh@geospatialme ences.org. April 12—SonarWiz 5 Training, dia.net or www.geospatialworldfo Southampton, England. 650-967- rum.org. June 24-28—International Submarine 2045, [email protected] or Races, Carderock, Maryland. 207- www.chesapeaketech.com/support/ May 14-16 —IMDEX ASIA, Singapore. 729-7873, [email protected] or training-calendar.php. +65 6542 8660, [email protected] www.isrsubrace.org. or www.imdexasia.com. April 15-19—Bilbao Marine Energy June 25-27—Imaging and Lidar Solu- Week, Bilbao, Spain. +34 94 40 40 May 22-23—All-Energy, Aberdeen, tions Conference, Toronto, Canada. 000 or http://bit.ly/Uxgg7. Scotland. +44 (0) 20 8241 1912, ju 905-660 0808, [email protected] [email protected] or www.all- or www.optech.ca/ilsc2013. April 16-18—SINAVAL Elite, Bilbao, energy.co.uk. Spain. 206-553-5615, ext. 234, karen. June 25-27—RIEGL International [email protected] or www.sinaval.eu. May 29-31—Fórum do Mar, Leça da Airborne, Mobile, Terrestrial and Palmeira, Portugal. forumdomar@expo Industrial Conference, Vienna, Aus- April 17-18—Subsea Vessel Opera- nor.pt or www.forumdomar.exponor. tria. 407-248-9927 or userconfer tions, Oslo, Norway. +44 (0)20 7017 pt. [email protected]. n 64 st / MARCH 2013 www.sea-technology.com people
Simon Hird was appointed general man- ager of UTEC Survey Australia Pty Ltd. (Welshpool, Australia) in February. He has more than 30 years of experience, gained primarily in the North Sea. He has held senior management positions at engineering and subsea construction companies in Australia since 2008.
Kathy Forrester has joined Hydroid Inc. (Pocasset, Massachusetts) as marketing coordinator. She will assist in planning, developing and executing Hydroid’s marketing plan. Over the past 20 years, she has worked at rms including So- theby’s International, AMA Nantucket, Talbots and Walt Disney World.
ITF (Aberdeen, Scotland) appointed Patrick O’Brien to be its CEO, effective April 1. O’Brien, who is currently the group director of strategic business and marketing with Wood Group Kenny, will take over from managing director Neil Poxon, who resigned in July 2012.
Hawkes Ocean Technologies (San Francisco, California) has named Adam Wright as president. He began at the company in 2000 and has been principal mechanical engineer since 2010. He will retain this position. Graham Hawkes will re- main chairman, CEO and chief technology ofcer.Technology Rod Trafford has joined Florida Atlantic University Harbor FOLLOW Branch in the role of specialtySea license plate (SLP) marketing manager. He was most recently with Xenith LLC.Magazine His focus will be to market and increase sales of the SLPs while raising SEA TECHNOLOGY awareness in support of Harbor Branch research. North Sea Energy Inc. (Toronto, Canada) has appointed Pe- ON.... ter Rhys-Davies as exploration manager. He is now director of the subsidiaries: North Sea Energy (UK) Ltd., North Sea Energy (UK NO2) Ltd. and Echo Exploration Ltd., replacing Ian Lisseter, who was to retire in March. Upon Lisseter’s re- tirement, Rhys-Davies will become chief exploration ofcer.
Nessco Group (Westhill, Scotland) has hired Phil Goodall as business development manager to grow its international off- shore weather monitoring business. Goodall has more than 30 years experience and worked before at StormGeo, where he established an Aberdeen, Scotland, weather-forecasting ofce.
L-3 Communications Klein Associates Inc. (Salem, New Hampshire) has added Straud J. Armstrong to its marketing and technical sales group. He will initially focus on support- ing Klein’s shallow-water bathymetry product line.
Scott Allen, appointed as items sales manager at MacArtney Inc. (Houston, Texas), will be heading a dedicated SubConn underwater connector support team. Jacobo Aguilar, who has been with MacArtney for several years, will bring techni- twitter.com/SeaTechnology cal knowledge to the sales team. n
www.sea-technology.com MARCH 2013 / st 65 st looksback
March Issue 25 Years Ago 1988. The U.S. Navy budget proposal called for retiring 16 frigates, leaving 589 ships available for deployment in 1990, rather than the projected 605. ... Under a $650,000 award from Cana- da’s Department of National Defence, MacDonald Dettwiler began to devel- op a motion compensation system for a new radar that would allow accurate differentiation between commercial and combatant ships. ... Researchers from the Harbor Branch Oceanograph- ic Institute spent ve weeks studying jellysh by diving through Antarctic sea ice. The jellysh ranged in size from 1 inch across to 8 feet or more.
15 Years Ago 1998. The Association for Unmanned Vehicle Systems International (AUVSI) announced the rst International Au- tonomous Underwater Vehicle Com- petition. Students designed and built AUVs to navigate through a body of water and gates. ... An El Niño-related drought and high ocean temperatures in the Pacic Ocean off Australia result- Technologyed in coral bleaching around the Great Barrier Reef, raising concern among Sea experts. ... Sonatech Inc. reported it re- Magazineceived a call from a sherman in Puerto Rico, who said he had found one of its transponders. The nine-year-life unit had been installed in 1986 at 6,000 meters depth.
10 Years Ago 2003. NOAA announced plans to es- tablish a National Weather Radar Test- bed to provide the meteorological re- search community with the rst phased array radar facility available on a full- time basis. ... More than 170 U.S. coast Guard sailors from the Pacic Area Command departed for the Persian Gulf in support of Operation Enduring Freedom in Afghanistan. ... Episodes in which dolphins and whales beached themselves while human-generated sounds were deployed in nearby wa- ters began to prompt concern about the impact of ocean noise. A report by the National Academies’ National Re- search Council recommended setting up a single federal agency for monitor- ing marine noise and its effects. n professionalservices directory An effective medium reserved for listing professional and consulting services. Size 3-5/16” x 1 inch, to a maximum of 3”. Rates: $95 per one-inch insertion for 1-6 times; $90 each for 7-12 consecutive times. Net 30 days. Discounts: 10% for advance payment for 6 or more consecutive insertions without copy change; QRDJHQF\FRPPLVVLRQV(OHFWURQLF¿OHVDFFHSWHG SOHDVHUHTXHVWRXU'HVNWRS&KHFNOLVW 1RFKDUJHIRU typesetting; however, production charges may be assessed for ads including logos and/or photos. Send ad copy with order to [email protected] by the 10th of the month preceding insertion month.
Avoid the high cost of switch failures SWITCH to the most dependable switches available Submersible Electric Switches - Solenoid Actuators - Solenoid Valves Hydracon Company Inc., Anaheim, CA - USA Tel: +1 714-281-2460 • Fax: +1 714-281-1199 WWW.HYDRACON.COM
SONOTRONICS MARK YOUR EQUIPMENT
Mark your underwater equipment for later recovery in case of loss. With over 40 years of experience in the manufacture of sonic pingers, hydrophones, and receivers, SONOTRONICS can provide equipment for your underwater tracking needs www.sonotronics.com (520)746-3322 Technology Sea Magazine
M/V THUNDERFORCE
Available 86’ Research Vessel for charter
AmericanVibracore.com s 6IBRACORING s -INI #04S s (YDROGRAPHIC 3URVEYS s 6IDEO 3URVEYS s 2/6 !56 0LATFORM s "UOY $EPLOYMENT
s &LORIDA s ,OUISIANA
www.sea-technology.com MARCH 2013 / st 67 FLEET OF ROVS TO MEET YOUR NEEDS Dam InspecƟon Search & Salvage Oceanographic Survey www.gdiving.com
For more info contact: Eric Crumpton
[email protected] 1.800.441.3483
SUBSEA MODULES 55’ R/V JAMIE HANNA*New for Charter* CUSTOM BUILT HOUSINGS FOR 100, 300, 1000 meter plus IDEAL FOR SCIENTIFIC, ELECTRONIC AND VIDEO SYSTEMS Contact: Steve Greenaway, Research Director UK www.greenawaymarine.com
Maine to the Gulf of Mexico VIBROCORING *HRSK\VLFDO 0XOWLEHDP $'&3&7'6DPSOLQJ %DWK\PHWULF6XUYH\V *UDEV9LEUDFRULQJ 0RRULQJ2SHUDWLRQV 9LGHR+DELWDW0DSSLQJ Sales of Underwater Electrical Vibrocoring Systems 'UHGJH0RQLWRULQJ )LVKHULHV6WXGLHV Rossfelder Corporation, www.rossfelder.com ZZZFUHQYLURQPHQWDOFRP Ph: (858) 679-7361 Fax: (858) 679-7491Technology
GALVANIC TIMEDSea RELEASES View the Sea Technology Buyers Guide/Directory online! Cost-effective electrochemically degraded links available in durations rangingMagazine from one minute to 100 days. Trigger closure mechanisms, open escape panels, release cable support buoys or subsurface instrument locator floats. Stock and custom-designed re- leases available from: International Fishing Devices, Inc. André LaBonté 935 Town Hall Ave., Unit 1, Jupiter, FL 33458 P.O. Box 60, Waipu, New Zealand 0545 Ph: (954) 574-9517 Ph/Fax: 011-64-9-432-0645 www.underseareleases.com
68 st / MARCH 2013 www.sea-technology.com soapbox VGP Links Environmental Stewardship to Long-Term Industry Growth—Mark Miller
Mark Miller is the CEO To put these cost increases into a poor investment compared to readily of Terresolve Tech- perspective, Nordic American Tankers biodegradable uids. nologies, a company (Hamilton, Bermuda), a major interna- Biopolyole n synthetics have an up- based in Mentor, tional tanker company, announced net per temperature threshold of 400° F, Ohio, that provides voyage revenue per vessel per day of are water-resistant and last 10,000 to nontoxic, biodegrad- $16,200 in its second-quarter 2012 re- 15,000 hours or more. Even though able lubricating prod- port. Using the high-end estimate from synthetic products can cost up to four ucts. Miller received EPA of the annual costs of phasing in times more than vegetable-based prod- his bachelor’s in chemical engineering from EALs to tank barges and tank ships, it ucts, they last 10 times longer, while Tufts University and has an MBA from Man- would take slightly more than one hour performing at the same level as con- hattan College. He has engineered, sold of voyage time per vessel to recoup ventional, mineral-based lubricants. and marketed lubricants and lubricant ad- these costs. Overall, biopolyole n uids are the ditives for more than 20 years. For a lubricant to be considered an optimal choice for complying with the EAL, it must be biodegradable and non- 2013 VGP regulations, maintaining nder the Draft 2013 Vessel Gen- toxic. Technically, all lubricants are in- peak performance of vessel systems. eral Permit (VGP) and Small VGP, U herently biodegradable, meaning they In addition, these lubricants are readily EPA will require vessel owners and will biodegrade eventually, but they biodegradable, which helps to mitigate operators to adopt environmentally can be toxic and persist much longer cleanup and remediation costs follow- acceptable lubricants (EALs) into their in the environment than their readily ing leaks and spills. operations to further reduce their en- biodegradable counterparts. Based on the low capital require- vironmental impact starting in Decem- Readily biodegradable lubricants ments needed to phase in EALs to ber 2013. This regulation brings a two- meet the Organisation for Economic oil-to-water interfaces, the use of en- fold bene t to the industry by boosting Co-operation and Development’s vironmentally acceptable lubricants the bottom line of both small and large guidelines for biodegradability, break- produces signi cant returns by reduc- vessel operations, while engendering ing down at least 60 percent within the ing cleanup and remediation costs on positive change that ensures the pres- rst 28 days and reaching the 60 per- uid spills and leaks. Initial cleanup ervation of ecosystems in which these cent level within 10 days of reaching and containment efforts will always be vessels operate. the 10 percent level (10-day window costly to extract as much of the leaked The wording of the 2013 VGP is pur- Technology criterion). uid as possible. posefully broad. Vessels, as referenced Currently, there are four categories However, long-term remediation in the 2013 VGP, cover “every descrip- of EALs that vessel owners and op- (continuing action to control lingering tion of watercraft or other arti cialSea con- erators can choose from: triglycerides, environmental effects like chemical trivance used as a means of transpor- Magazine polyglycols (PAGs), synthetic esters and toxicity and sheening) represents about tation” on U.S. waters. The 2013 VGP synthetic biopolyole ns. 60 to 70 percent of spill containment affects any vessel owner or operator EPA estimates that EALs from veg- costs that involve conventional lubri- whose business depends on travel- etable sources are 10 percent to 50 cants and oils. The remediation sched- ing through U.S. waters. The language percent more expensive than conven- ule of EALs as compared to convention- of the regulation points speci cally to tional lubricants and also noted that al lubricants is a matter of weeks versus “oil-to-sea” interfaces, which includes synthetic-based lubricants tend to be a number of years. mechanisms such as thrusters, stern signi cantly more expensive than min- Noncompliance will bring penal- tubes, azipods, ramps, watertight doors eral-based lubricants (two to four times ties and nes that vary depending on and many others. more expensive). the severity of the case. EPA grants en- Every vessel that does not currently In terms of application, vegetable- forcement authority to the U.S. Coast use EALs in all oil-to-water interfaces based EALs demonstrate lower perfor- Guard (USCG), which will assist EPA in will experience incremental costs asso- mance metrics and usable life spans upholding the statutes in the 2013 VGP. ciated with phasing in environmentally when compared to synthetic alterna- The Draft 2013 VGP’s focus on pro- acceptable products, but in the scope tives. Vegetable-based EALs have an liferating environmentally acceptable of yearly vessel operations, the increase upper temperature threshold of only lubricants across the industry helps pre- is negligible. 180° F and tend to break down when serve fragile ecosystems in American EPA upper-bound projections esti- mixed with water. Perhaps most impor- waters and offers vessel owners and mate a 120 percent cost increase and tantly, the expected change-out time operators a signi cant return on a mar- their lower-bound projections estimate for vegetable-based EALs is 1,000 to ginal up-front investment. EPA is still an increase of 50 percent for an aver- 2,000 hours. reviewing public comments regarding age annual increase of $555 to $1,111 PAGs tend to be highly toxic and the Draft 2013 VGP and will take them per vessel. Of course, depending on a demonstrate less effective performance into consideration before nalizing the vessel’s lubricant consumption rate and than other EALs. In addition, PAGs take 2013 VGP. The full draft is available at the type of EAL selected, costs will vary. years to biodegrade, which makes for http://1.usa.gov/WoUNg1. n
www.sea-technology.com MARCH 2013 / st 69 marchadvertiser index
$IBOOFM5FDIOPMPHJFT(SPVQ $5( ...... .BSJOF.BHOFUJDT$PSQPSBUJPO ...... www.channeltechgroup.com www.marinemagnetics.com
Chesapeake Technology, Inc...... .D.JMMBO%FTJHO *OD ...... www.chesapeaketech.com www.seacatch.com
DOE Inc...... .JSPT"4 ...... www.deepocean.com www.miros.no
Dalhousie University, Newport Ocean Observing Conference 2013 ...... 65 Department of Oceanography...... www.ybooi.org www.dal.ca Ocean Sensor Systems, Inc...... EdgeTech ...... www.oceansensorsystems.com www.edgetech.com OceanServer Technology, Inc...... EvoLogics GmbH ...... www.ocean-server.com www.evologics.de OSIL ...... +8'JTIFST.GH*OD ...... www.osil.co.uk www.jw shers.com 1BDJåD$SFTU$PSQPSBUJPO ...... General Oceanics, Inc...... www.Paci cCrest.com/ADL www.generaloceanics.com 2VBMJUZ1PTJUJPOJOH4FSWJDFTCW ...... * Geometrics Inc...... www.qps.nl www.geometrics.com 3PMMT3PZDF$BOBEB-JNJUFE /BWBM.BSJOF ...... Global Marine Renewable Energy Conference ...... 26 www.rolls-royce.com www.GlobalMarineRenewable.com Sea & Sun Technology GmbH ...... Harbor Branch Oceanographic Institute at www.sea-sun-tech.com 'MPSJEB"UMBOUJD6OJWFSTJUZ...... www.hboi.fau.edu Sea-Bird Electronics, Inc...... www.seabird.com Hydracon Company, Inc...... 2 www.hydracon.com * SeaBotix Inc...... 6 www.SeaBotix.com )ZESP#JPT"QQBSBUFCBV(NC) ...... www.hydrobios.de SECO Seals Inc...... www.secoseals.com Hydroid, Inc...... www.hydroid.com Sensoray Co., Inc...... Technology www.sensoray.com/2226 Innomar Technologie GmbH ...... www.innomar.com 4IBSL.BSJOF5FDIOPMPHJFT*OD ...... www.sharkmarine.com * Instruments, Inc...... Sea www.instrumentsinc.com Magazine SubCtech GmbH...... www.subCtech.com International Federation of Hydrographic Societies ...... Tecnadyne, Inc...... www.hydrographicsociety.org www.tecnadyne.com
InterOcean Systems, Inc...... Teledyne Benthos ...... www.interoceansystems.com www.benthos.com
+'&"EWBOUFDI$P -UE ...... * Teledyne Odom Hydrographic, Inc...... www.jfe-advantech.co.jp www.odomhydrographic.com
Knudsen Engineering Limited ...... Teledyne RD Instruments, Inc...... www.knudsenengineering.com www.rdinstruments.com
,POHTCFSH.BSJUJNF"4 ...... * Trimble Navigation Limited ...... www.km.kongsberg.com www.trimble.com/gnss-inertial
-,MFJO"TTPDJBUFT *OD ...... UDT 2013...... 50 www.L-3com.com www.UDT-global.com/sea
* LinkQuest, Inc...... Valeport Limited ...... 62 www.link-quest.com www.valeport.co.uk
.4* .BUFSJBMT4ZTUFNT*OD ...... 3.:PVOH$PNQBOZ ...... www.msisonar.com www.youngusa.com
* For more information, consult the 2013 Sea Technology Buyers Guide/Directory.
MISSION STATEMENT Sea Technology is the worldwide information leader for marine business, science & engineering. Our goal is to provide our global audience with current information on the various segments of the worldwide marine/ocean industry through state-of-the-art and application articles, news columns, and staff reports; and to provide our advertisers with a cost-effective, valuable, and useful vehicle by which to promote their products and services.
For permission to photocopy portions of Sea Technology,QMFBTFDPOUBDUUIF$PQZSJHIU$MFBSBODF$FOUFS3PTFXPPE%St%BOWFST ."t1IPOF t'"9
Sea Technology news magazine, including Underwater Engineering, UnderSea Technology, Oceanology International Offshore Technology, and its website, is edited for executives, scientists, engineering and technical personnel in industry, government, and education engaged in the eld of undersea defense, oceanography, anti-submarine warfare, marine sciences, underwater exploration, diving and construction, drilling, and mining. While effort is made to verify material published, opinions of authors are not necessarily those of the publisher, and the publication accepts no responsibility in connection with any liability that might occur as a result of published material.
70 st / MARCH 2013 www.sea-technology.com UNDERWATER COMMUNICATION AND POSITIONING SOLUTIONS
S2C TECHNOLOGY: COMMUNICATION AND TRACKING COMBINED
• time, space and cost-saving solutions • low power consumption for autonomous operations • advanced data delivery algorithms, addressing and networking, remotely configurable settings • extendable platform with multiple configuration options: power-saving Wake Up module, acoustic releaser, additional sensors, custom solutions, OEM versions available
USBL POSITIONING SYSTEMS LBL POSITIONING SYSTEMS
simultaneous positioning and communication - highly accurate, precise and stable no need to switch between positioning mode performance and modem mode Technology • SiNAPS – USBLSea positioning made simple • multiple target tracking and flexible Magazine• range: up to 8000 m • reliable data transmissions • accuracy: better than 0.01 m • range: up to 8000 m • accuracy: up to 0.04 degrees
UNDERWATER ACOUSTIC MODEMS New! reliable data transmissions even in adverse SiNAPS conditions, special edition available for network protocol developers USBL positioning • range: up to 8000 m software • depth: up to 6000 m • data rate: up to 31.2 kbps • bit error rate: better than 10-10
EvoLogics GmbH Ackerstrasse 76, tel.: +49 30 4679 862-0 [email protected] 13355 Berlin, Germany fax: +49 30 4679 862-01 evologics.de Custom Sonar Arrays …from concept to production
Technology Sea Magazine
%URDG%DQGZLGWK We Design 3LH]RFRPSRVLWH Manufacture /DUJH'$UUD\V +LJK6HQVLWLYLW\ and Test &XUYHG$UUD\V
www.msisonar.com [email protected] 1.978.486.0404