DOCSLIB.ORG

Doctoral Thesis Synopsis

Total Page：16

File Type：pdf, Size：1020Kb

Download full-text PDF Read full-text
Doctoral Thesis Synopsis Graduate School of Creative Science and Engineering Waseda University Doctoral Thesis Synopsis Thesis Theme Meteorology Based Numerical Simulation of Past and Future Storm Surges in the Bay of Bengal (Applicant Name) Khandker Masuma TASNIM Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering Research on Coastal Engineering and Management October, 2014 This dissertation work analyzes tropical cyclone behavior over the Bay of Bengal and numerically simulated storm surges by using a Meteorology-Wave-Coastal Ocean Tide coupled model. The reason to study this topic is due to the fact that the destruction due to storm surge flooding is a serious concern along the coast of the Bay of Bengal. Amongst other natural disasters, storm surges stand out, so far, as the most damaging natural disaster which causes large scale death and destruction affecting the coast of India, Bangladesh and recently Myanmar too. According to the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change Fourth Assessment Report (IPCC 4AR) it is likely that future tropical cyclones will become more intense, with larger peak wind speeds and heavy precipitation associated with on-going increases in sea surface temperatures (SSTs) and sea level rise. Recent research works using higher resolution models predict greater increases in cyclone intensity than those with lower resolutions, and thus it is possible that the conventional models might be underestimating potential future problems. In the Bay of Bengal region, the simulations of storm surges have often involved using results from a small set of historical storms with simple adjustments, which often lead to a biased distribution of water levels, with an unrealistic count of extreme events. Therefore there are large uncertainties in estimating future coastal flooding associated with tropical cyclones in this region. After the 2013 typhoon Yolanda event it is almost certain that the world has started to experience the climate change induced super cyclonic storms. Therefore, in order to prepare for the upcoming challenges related to climate change, the Indian Ocean and especially the Bay of Bengal should be of particular concern because of the high population density along its coastlines which is highly vulnerable under storm condition. The present thesis consists of seven chapters. Chapter 1 presents a general introduction as well as overview of the possible future threats due to climate change over the Bay of Bengal and recent research works related to storm surge simulation over this region. The objectives and scope of present research work is also stated. The main objective of this research was to investigate the weather field of tropical cyclones more accurately by using Numerical Weather Prediction models. In addition, possible future change in tropical cyclone behavior due to climate change and Sea Surface Temperature (SST) rise was also investigated. Chapter 2 includes a description of the history of tropical cyclones over the Bay of Bengal together with a brief description of three recent strongest cyclone events cyclone Sidr 2007 in Bangladesh, Nargis 2008 in Myanmar and Phailin 2013 in India. A review of the existing cyclone preparedness activities in the countries around the Bay of Bengal and associated problems and challenges were also presented. In addition a brief description of the previous storm surge models was also included in this chapter. Chapter 3 includes the summary of the fields surveys conducted in Bangladesh and Myanmar after cyclone Sidr and Nargis respectively. The observed water levels at different locations, local conditions and the experience of local people during those events are discussed in this chapter. No.1 Chapter 4 and 5 contains the main body of the present research. Chapter 4 includes the methodology of the numerical simulation with a detail description of the numerical model (WRF- SWAN- FVCOM- Nao.99b coupled model). Brief description of each component of this coupled model with the governing equations is stated in this chapter. Numerical simulation was carried out for the hind casting of historical cyclone events over the Bay of Bengal and as case studies three recent cyclone events (Sidr, Nargis and Phailin) were chosen. The weather field of the historical cyclones was investigated by using NCEP Final Analysis Data (FNL) as the initial and boundary condition in WRF ARW model with 3 nests. In order to simulate the weather field of the real time cyclones more accurately, two different approaches were considered. The first one was using NCEP FNL data for model initialization. The second approach was to introduce artificial vortex data at the time of model initialization. This second approach was applied only when the simulation result based on FNL data resulted in large deviation with the observations. For cyclone Nargis and Phailin cases, the first method could forecast weather field with reasonable accuracy. For cyclone Sidr case, the second approach showed significant improvement in the performance of the model. The sensitivity of WRF ARW model with different initial conditions was also investigated and found that the performance of the model in terms of track and intensity greatly varies with different initial conditions. At the same time, in order to have an understanding of the characteristics and damage of future tropical cyclones, especially under climate change conditions, future potential weather field and storm surge were simulated for the year 2100. For the prediction of future cyclones, Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC) Special Report on Emission Scenario A1B was considered. According to scenario A1B, the Sea Surface Temperature (SST) around the Bay of Bengal will rise 2.2 C and sea level rise will be 0.35m by the year 2100.The future cyclone for the year 2100 was simulated first by creating the weather field of the cyclone by using historical weather data at the time of the passage of the past cyclone but increasing SST across the whole domain by 2.2 degrees. WRF simulated wind and pressure fields of the historical as well as the future cyclones were applied as external forcing into the SWAN and FVCOM models to compute the wave and surge (both wind and pressure driven surge) for present and future conditions. Nao.99b model was used for computing astronomical tide. The total water level resulting from the passage of a cyclone consists of wave, tide and surge elements (both wind and pressure driven surge), which were simultaneously calculated by using this coupled model in order to simulate the real time water levels under storm condition. Brief description of the calculation conditions using the WRF ARW and FVCOM model are included in Chapter 4. The verification of the performance of the model is showcased in Chapter 5. WRF model showed good accuracy in hind casting track and intensity of all the three historical events. FVCOM simulated storm surge and SWAN simulated significant wave height near shore showed good agreement with the observations at different locations. The change in sea surface temperature (SST) seems not to cause No.2 any significant change on the track of tropical cyclones in future, but the landfall locations can be significantly different. For all the three case studies, future cyclones are found to be much stronger in intensity with higher wind speed and larger pressure drops. As a result the countries around the Bay of Bengal might have the risk of large scale inundation resulting from higher levels of storm surge and wind waves than the present time. For all the three case studies, FVCOM simulated surge level for the future events lies within the range of 4 to 5 meter. SWAN simulated wave height near shore for all the three cases are significantly higher than the present time which will eventually result in higher wave run up in future. Discussion on the performance of the numerical model is presented in Chapter 6. A general discussion on how the countries around the Bay of Bengal should prepare for the climate change induced future cyclones on the basis of their existing cyclone preparedness programs is also included in this chapter. At the same time recommendations for the future disaster management policy on the basis of the finding of numerical simulation are made. Finally, Chapter 7 presents the conclusions of the present research work as well as some of the limitations which require further improvement by future research efforts in this field. No.3 No.1 (List of research achievements for application of doctorate (Dr. of Engineering), Waseda University) (Khandker Masuma Tasnim) () As of February, 2015 (theme, (By Type) journal name, date & year of publication, name of authors inc. yourself) Journal Paper 1) Field observation and numerical simulation of past and future storm surges in the Bay of Bengal: Case study of cyclone Nargis, Natural Hazards, January 2015, Volume 75, Issue 2, pp 1619-1647 (DOI 10.1007/s11069-014-1387-x), Khandker Masuma Tasnim, Tomoya Shibayama, Miguel Esteban, Hiroshi Takagi, Koichiro Ohira, Ryota Nakamura. Book Chapters Observation and numerical simulation of storm surge due to cyclone Sidr 2007 in Bangladesh. In 1) Coastal Disasters: Lessons Learnt for Engineers and Planners. Esteban M., Takagi, H., and Nguyen D.T. (eds). Elsevier (in print) 2) Storm surge due to cyclone Nargis in Myanmar and post cyclone disaster preparedness activities. In Coastal Disasters: Lessons Learnt for Engineers and Planners. Esteban M., Takagi, H., and Nguyen D.T. (eds). Elsevier (in print) Conference Paper 1) Numerical simulation of cyclonic storm surges over the Bay of Bengal using a meteorology-wave-surge-tide coupled model, 34th International Conference on Coastal Engineering (ICCE 2014), Seoul, Korea, June 15-20, 2014, (DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.9753/icce.v34.currents.26), Khandker Masuma Tasnim, Koichiro Ohira, Tomoya Shibayama and Miguel Esteban 2) Numerical simulation of tropical cyclone Nargis by using OSIS model: Hind casting of historical cyclone as well as prediction of future storm surges, Proceedings of International Session in Coastal engineering, JSCE, vol.4, 2013, Khandker Masuma Tasnim, Koichiro Ohira and Tomoya Shibayama.
Load more

Recommended publications
  • 2.Conference-APP Disaster Impact on Sundarbans
    IMPACT: International Journal of Research in Applied, Natural and Social Sciences (IMPACT: IJRANSS) ISSN(P): 2347-4580; ISSN(E): 2321-8851 Special Edition, Sep 2016, 5-12 © Impact Journals DISASTER IMPACT ON SUNDARBANS - A CASE STUDY ON SIDR AFFECTED AREA MOHAMMAD ZAKIR HOSSAIN KHAN Institute of Disaster Management and Vulnerability Studies, Dhaka University, Bangladesh ABSTRACT The primary indicators of environmental sustainability is the biodiversity and its conservation stated by Kates et al. (2001), whereas the assessment of biomass and floristic diversity in tropical forests has been identified as a priority by many international organizations stated by Stork et al. (1997). Cyclone ‘Sidr’, a tropical cyclone, was one of the biggest cyclones in the history of Bangladesh, formed in the central Bay of Bengal hit the coast of Bangladesh in 2007 and it made landfall on 15th of November with peaking wind speed of over 260 km/h. It resulted in an estimated 4,000 human deaths and the displacement of over 3 million people stated by US Embassy Dhaka (2007). The most significant devastating impact it left behind is on the diversity of flora of the Sundarbans. One quarter of the biomass cover (which is approximately 2500 sq. km) of the Sundarbans mangrove forest was damaged by the storm directly or indirectly due to the tidal surge stated by CEGIS (2007). The study shows that the total forest area damaged by the cyclone Sidr was about 21% of the Sundarbans. It was found that highly affected forest areas were dominated by Keora ( Sonneratia apetala ). Trees of Keora are comparatively taller more than 15 m and grow on newly accreted forest land.
    [Show full text]
  • Cyclone Disaster Vulnerability and Response Experiences in Coastal
    Cyclone disaster vulnerability and response experiences in coastal Bangladesh Edris Alam Assistant Professor and Disaster and Development Centre Affiliate, Department of Geography and Environmental Studies, University of Chittagong, Bangladesh and Andrew E. Collins Reader in Disaster and Development, Disaster and Development Centre, School of Applied Sciences, Northumbria University, United Kingdom For generations, cyclones and tidal surges have frequently devastated lives and property in coastal and island Bangladesh. This study explores vulnerability to cyclone hazards using first-hand coping recollections from prior to, during and after these events. Qualitative field data suggest that, beyond extreme cyclone forces, localised vulnerability is defined in terms of response processes, infrastructure, socially uneven exposure, settlement development patterns, and livelihoods. Prior to cyclones, religious activities increase and people try to save food and valuable possessions. Those in dispersed settlements who fail to reach cyclone shelters take refuge in thatched-roof houses and big-branch trees. However, women and children are affected more despite the modification of traditional hierarchies during cyclone periods. Instinctive survival strategies and intra-community cooperation improve coping post cyclone. This study recommends that disaster reduction programmes encourage cyclone mitigation while being aware of localised realities, endogenous risk analyses, and coping and adaptation of affected communities (as active survivors rather than helpless victims). Keywords: coastal and island people of Bangladesh, coping, cyclone vulnerability, local response Introduction With the effects of natural hazards rising in terms of loss of life and injuries in poorer nations (ISDR, 2002; World Bank, 2005; CRED, 2007), institutional disaster reduction approaches (ISDR, 2004; UNDP, 2004; DFID, 2005) and approaches adaptable to individual social and livelihood experiences are required.
    [Show full text]
  • Drew University College of Liberal Arts Analyzing Community-Based
    Drew University College of Liberal Arts Analyzing Community-based and Centralized Approaches to Natural Disaster Management: A Comparative Case Study Analysis in Southeast Asia A Thesis in Environmental Studies and Sustainability by Brett Cheadle Submitted in Partial Fulfillment of the Requirements for the Degree of Bachelor in Arts With Specialized Honors in Environmental Studies and Sustainability May 2021 Abstract Tropical cyclones are among the worst of natural disasters that occur on a regular basis, affecting millions of people annually. Although not all regions experience the threat of intense cyclonic events, certain regions are highly susceptible to the devastating effects that are present with these storms. With the growing concern regarding climate change, vulnerable countries are forced to examine disaster management policy and analyze the potential risks associated with natural disasters and how they could impact populations in an altered climate going forward. This paper addresses the mechanisms that were in place in the disaster management efforts in Bangladesh and Myanmar and to what extent they were effective in reducing risk for vulnerable populations. A comparative case study analysis was conducted using Cyclone Sidr which struck Bangladesh in 2007 and Cyclone Nargis which impacted Myanmar in 2008, both occurring within a relatively similar time frame. The contrasting disaster management approaches of top-down and bottom-up approaches were identified and results indicate that the community based approaches appeared to be more effective in reducing risk for vulnerable populations, yet a wide variety of attributable factors were also uncovered in this study. Table of Contents 1. Introduction………………………………………………………1 2. Literature Review………………………………………………..6 a.
    [Show full text]
  • Field Surveys of Recent Storm Surge Disasters
    Available online at www.sciencedirect.com ScienceDirect Procedia Engineering 116 ( 2015 ) 179 – 186 8th International Conference on Asian and Pacific Coasts (APAC 2015) Department of Ocean Engineering, IIT Madras, India. Field Surveys of Recent Storm Surge Disasters Tomoya Shibayama* Professor, Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering Director, Complex Disaster Research Institute Waseda University, Okubo, Shinjuku-ku, Tokyo 169-8555, Japan Abstract In these ten years since 2004, there were more than ten big disasters in coastal area including six storm surge events and five tsunami events. The author performed post disaster surveys on all these events as the team leaders of survey teams. Based on those experiences, the author describes lessons of these events. Tsunami is now generally well known to coastal residents. Evacuation plans gradually become common for tsunami disasters. Storm surges arise more frequently due to strong storms but coastal residents are not well protected and not informed how to evacuate in case of surge emergency. From the field surveys conducted, it appeared that the damage depend on the geographical and social conditions of each of the areas that were visited by the author. It is now clear that such issues play important roles in disaster mechanisms. Therefore disaster risk management should carefully include local topography and social conditions of each area during the formulation of disaster prevention plans. In order to establish a reliable disaster prevention system, appropriate protection structures should be constructed, and these should be accompanied by a clear and concise evacuation plan for residents of a given area. © 2015 The Authors. Published by Elsevier Ltd.
    [Show full text]
  • Country Report: Bangladesh
    The 5th International Coordination Group (ICG) Meeting GEOSS Asian Water Cycle Initiative (AWCI) Tokyo, Japan, 15-18, December 2009 Country Report: Bangladesh Monitoring and forecasting of cyclones SIDR and AILA Colonel Mohammad Ashfakul Islam Engineer Adviser Ministry of Defence Government of the People’s Republic of Bangladesh Dhaka, Bangladesh Introduction • Bangladesh is a deltaic land of about 144,000 sq. km area having great Himalayas to the north and the vast Bay of Bengal on the south. • It is a South Asian country extending from 20° 45' N to 26° 40' N and from 88°05' E to 92°40' E belonging to the South Asian Association for Regional Cooperation (SAARC). • It has a complex coast line of about 710 kms and long continental shelf with shallow bathymetry. • The Bay of Bengal forms a funneling shape towards the Meghna estuary and for that the storm surge is the highest here in the world. • Bangladesh Meteorological Department (BMD) is the national meteorological service in Bangladesh under the Ministry of Defence of the Government of the People’s Republic of Bangladesh is mandated for cyclone forecasting. • Cyclone Preparedness Programme (CPP) under Bangladesh Red Crescent Society (BDRCS) forwards cyclone warning bulletins to 42,675 coastal volunteers for saving coastal vulnerable people. Position of Bangladesh in the World Map and in the Asia Map Bangladesh Topography of Bangladesh • Land elevation of 50% of the country is within 5 m of MSL - About 68% of the country is vulnerable to flood - 20-25% of the area is inundated during normal flood Bangladesh is the most disaster prone area in the world.
    [Show full text]
  • Bangladesh Cyclone Sidr Was the Second Occasion Habitat for Humanity* Responded to a Natural Disaster in Ban- Gladesh
    Habitat for Humanity: The Work Transitional Shelters As480 of December 2008 Latrines As480 of February 2009 A Day in November On 15th November 2007, Cyclone Sidr bore down on southern Bangladesh, unleashing winds that peaked at 250 km. per hour and six-meter high tidal surges that washed away entire villages. Cyclone Sidr killed over 3,000 people, a fraction of the more destructive cyclones that struck in 1970 and 1991 which claimed more than 600,000 lives. But that was still too many. According to reports from the worst hit areas, many of the dead and injured were crushed when trees fell onto poorly constructed houses made of thatch, bam- boo or tin. Others drowned when they, together with their houses, were swept away by the torrents of water. TANGAIL Tangail 15 Nov 18.00 UCT Wind Speed 190 kmph INDIA DHAKA SHARIATPUR BANGLADESH MADARIPUR Madaripur GOPALGANJ Madaripur Gopalganj BARISAL INDIA SATKHIRA Bagrthat JHALAKTHI BAGTHAT Pirojpur PATUAKHALI PIROJPUR KHULNA BHOLA Mirzagani Patuakhali Barguna BARGUNA Bay of Bengal Badly Affected Severely Affected Most Severely Affected Storm Track Worst Affected BURMA 0 50 100 Km TANGAIL Tangail 15 Nov 18.00 UCT Wind Speed 190 kmph INDIA Extent of DHAKA the Damage SHARIATPUR BANGLADESH MADARIPUR More than eight million people in 31 districts were Madaripur reportedly affected by Cyclone Sidr. More than 9,000 GOPALGANJ Madaripur schools were flattened or swept away, with extensive Gopalganj damage reported to roads, bridges and embankments. BARISAL Some two million acres of crops were damaged and INDIA SATKHIRA Bagrthat JHALAKTHI over 1.25 million livestock killed.
    [Show full text]
  • Application of Remote Sensing and Gis for Cyclone Disaster Management in Coastal Area: a Case Study at Barguna District, Bangladesh
    International Archives of the Photogrammetry, Remote Sensing and Spatial Information Science, Volume XXXVIII, Part 8, Kyoto Japan 2010 APPLICATION OF REMOTE SENSING AND GIS FOR CYCLONE DISASTER MANAGEMENT IN COASTAL AREA: A CASE STUDY AT BARGUNA DISTRICT, BANGLADESH Md. Sohel Rana1, Kavinda Gunasekara2, Manzul Kumar Hazarika2, Lal Samarakoon2 and Munir Siddiquee1 1GIS Unit, Local Government Engineering Department (LGED), Dhaka, Bangladesh emails: [email protected], [email protected]. 2GeoInformatics Center, Asian Institute of Technology, Bangkok, Thailand emails: [email protected], [email protected], [email protected] KEYWORDS: Cyclone, Disaster, Hazard, Vulnerability, Risk, Storm surge model, DEM. ABSTRACT Bangladesh is one of the top vulnerable countries to the climate change and the adverse impact on the country will be catastrophic because of convergence of climate change, poverty and large population. The frequency of natural disasters like floods, cyclones etc have increased significantly over the last decade particularly in the coastal line of Bangladesh which is asserted as the impact of climate change. The consequences of these disasters are a huge loss of lives and properties that implicates the economy of the country. So disaster management is now an important concern to minimize all those losses. Disaster management of an event like Cyclone, Flood or Earthquake etc. requires some ingredients, such as, response, incident mapping, establishing priorities, developing action plans and implementing the plan to protect lives, property and the environment. GIS in combination with Remote Sensing (RS), can be used very effectively to identify hazards and risk for cyclone. In Bangladesh, cyclone and tidal surge are considered as the most catastrophic phenomena for coastal regions.
    [Show full text]
  • 17 Deb and Ferreira.Pdf
    Journal of Hydro-environment Research xxx (2016) xxx–xxx Contents lists available at ScienceDirect Journal of Hydro-environment Research journal homepage: www.elsevier.com/locate/JHER Research papers Potential impacts of the Sunderban mangrove degradation on future coastal flooding in Bangladesh ⇑ Mithun Deb a, , Celso M. Ferreira a a Department of Civil, Environmental & Infrastructure Engineering, George Mason University, Fairfax, VA 22030, USA article info abstract Article history: The coastal areas of Bangladesh are recognized by the United Nations (UN) as the most vulnerable areas Received 30 June 2015 in the world to tropical cyclones and also the sixth most vulnerable country to floods around the world. Revised 27 July 2016 Cyclone Sidr (2007) was one of the most catastrophic natural disasters in Bangladesh causing nearly Accepted 14 November 2016 10,000 deaths and $1.7 billion damage. During cyclone Sidr, mangrove forests in coastal areas played a Available online xxxx crucial role in the mitigation of these deadly effects. Sunderban mangrove, the world’s largest mangrove ecosystem with 7900 sq. miles, forms the seaward frontier of the bay and is now facing significant degra- Keywords: dation. The Sunderban mangrove ecosystem is increasingly being degraded for a variety of purposes such Bangladesh as agriculture, fishing, farming and settlement. In this study, we evaluate the potential impacts from the Sunderban mangrove Cyclone degradation of the Sunderban mangrove on storm surge flooding. We evaluate two hypothetical and Storm surge extreme scenarios: 1) the conversion of the entire mangrove land cover to an estuarine forested wetland; Coastal hazard and 2) by considering a full degradation scenario where the entire mangrove is converted to grassland.
    [Show full text]
  • Cyclone Nargis: What Are the Lessons from the 2004 Tsunami for Myanmar’S Recovery?
    Risk, Livelihoods and Vulnerability Programme - May 2008 Cyclone Nargis: What are the Lessons from the 2004 Tsunami for Myanmar’s Recovery? FRANK THOMALLA, MATTHEW CHADWICK, SABRINA SHAW AND FIONA MILLER* n 2nd May 2008 Cyclone Nargis caused catastrophic relevant lessons are there for Myanmar? And looking forward, Odestruction and resulted in the deaths of nearly 80,000 how are immediate responses to disasters best designed to be in people in Myanmar. In the wake of one of the deadliest natural balance with longer term recovery? disasters in the country’s recent history, nearly 56,000 people are still missing, over 1 million are homeless and as many as 2.4 First, there is a need for coordinated collective action. million remain affected. The magnitude of the impacts of this A seemingly obvious point but challenging principle to tropical storm on an already impoverished country have been realise. During the 2004 Tsunami, many organisations were compared to those experienced by Sri Lanka, Indonesia and keen to respond and were under severe pressure to rapidly Thailand as a result of the 2004 Indian Ocean Tsunami, as well as and transparently distribute considerable amounts of money to the devastation wrought by the 1991 cyclone in Bangladesh. pledged by the public, and to realise specific donor goals that sometimes diverged from needs on the ground. A First and foremost, it is of vital importance that sufficient lack of collective action, and at times blatant competition humanitarian assistance is allowed into the country to ensure the between agencies delivering humanitarian and livelihood survival of millions of affected people in the disaster zones.
    [Show full text]
  • Non-Response to Early Warning: a Comparative Study of Three Recent Cyclones in Bangladesh 55 Focus Group Discussion (Fgds), Key Informant Nearby Islands Like Hatiya
    The Dhaka University Journal of Earth and Environmental Sciences, Vol. 8, 2019 Fahmina Binte Ibrahim¹ Non-response to Early Warning: A Comparative Study of Three * Md. Marufur Rahman¹ Recent Cyclones in Bangladesh Nahid Rezwana² Manuscript Received: 15 November 2019 Abstract: This study aims to explore the to improve the conditions and save lives in Accepted: 28 November 2019 different reasons that influence people's future cyclones. It is highly dangerous to stay decision on responses to early warning. A at the vulnerable houses during cyclones. The questionnaire survey, key informant practical implementation of a good disaster interviews and focus group discussion have preparation plan can be futile if inhabitants been applied to obtain data from the study are no-responsive to the warning. This study area for this study. The research reveals that recommends improvement of jerry-built roads, fear of theft, disbelief and infrastructures, proper maintenance and mistrust about warnings, lack of awareness construction of shelters, improved security at ¹Department of Disaster Science and about hazards and the poor state of the evacuated houses and the shelters alongside Management, University of Dhaka, Dhaka cyclone shelters are the main reason for non- the awareness programs for the inhabitants 1000, Bangladesh evacuation during cyclones. Besides, past of the vulnerable locations. It is expected experiences of warning failures, superstitious that these interventions will increase the ²Department of Geography and religious beliefs, fatalism, safety issues for efficiency of the cyclone preparedness plan Environment, University of Dhaka, Dhaka women also worked to influence people's for future cyclones in Bangladesh. 1000, Bangladesh decision to leave their houses during the Keywords: Non-response, Evacuation, Early * warning periods.
    [Show full text]
  • Voices of SIDR Survivors: Life Stories of Surviving Victims of Cyclone SIDR
    VOICES OF SIDR SURVIVORS Life stories of surviving victims of Cyclone SIDR from some severely affected parts of coastal Bangladesh Bagerhat, July 2016 Voice of South Bangladesh and Gender and Water Alliance Financed by-the Embassy of the Kingdom of the Netherlands, through the Gender and Water Alliance Voices of SIDR Survivors _______________________________________________________________________________________ C O N T E N T S Foreword by Joke Muylwijk, Gender and Water Alliance Authors preface, by Md. Shahidul Islam, Voice of South Bangladesh Acknowledgements Introduction Unheard life stories of surviving SIDR victims, 2016 1. Returned from a valley of death, miracle survival of Razia Begum 2. Cyclone SIDR – a life-long nightmare in Nupurs life 3. Mostafa: Victim of cruel superstition 4. Still alive, Rubee’s story of rescue and survival 5. A Fierce night in Asma’s Life 6. Catastrophic SIDR in Hamida’s life 7. Sabur and his lonely Survival 8. Rokeya, now responsible for all 9. A girl gone missing by SIDR 10. Dangerous moments of Rahima 11. A new life for Jesmin, once stuck under a tree SIDR ALBUM of 2007 12. SIDR in Mahinoors life, from housewife to roadworker 13. Resilience building by credits, Surjobanu, a fisher woman’s life struggle against disasters 14. Pervin, SIDR, vegetables, Aila and salinity 15. Protect our animals for protecting our lives and livelihoods. 16. River fishers and erosion of land 17. Children’s life at risk in the coastal belt 18. Voices from unprotected islands: we rather die by a cyclone than slowly starve afterwards 19. Indigenous knowledge helps to reduce the water crises 2 Voices of SIDR Survivors _______________________________________________________________________________________ FOREWORD When meeting the women in Saronkhola, Bagerhat, who had lost so many relatives, nearly 10 years ago, it was striking to hear that they had never before been asked to tell their memories of the worst cyclone they experienced, SIDR in 2007.
    [Show full text]
  • FINAL REPORT Cyclone Sidr United Nations Rapid Initial Assessment Report with a Focus on 9 Worst Affected Districts 22 November 2007
    United Nations FINAL REPORT Cyclone Sidr United Nations Rapid Initial Assessment Report with a focus on 9 worst affected districts 22 November 2007 Summary: The devastating Cyclone Sidr struck Bangladesh on the evening of the 15th November bringing with it large damages and associated large humanitarian needs. A rapid initial UN emergency assessment team was fielded on the 17th November to assess both the needs and damages in 9 of the worst affected districts. Approximately 4.7 million people in these worst affected districts were affected, 2801 deaths and over 11,661 injured were reported as on 22 November. A further 2.6 million people, most of them the poorest of the poor, are in need of immediate life and livelihoods saving relief assistance. The period for immediate relief assistance should be a minimum of 2-3 months, extended relief might be necessary for some of the worst affected areas; however, recovery and rehabilitation efforts should start soon after. Food, shelter and cash represent the three highest priority areas for assistance. Sanitation and drinking water and health assistance is also badly needed. The restoration of communications and electricity supplies are high priorities, while communication has been restored in most areas the same is not true for electricity, and therefore this continues to be a major concern. Transportation services are also in need of support, both for land and water transport. This is necessary not only for the resumption of commerce and economic activities, but it also critical for an efficient, effective and timely relief response. Damage to livelihoods is large, and in particular, the fisheries and agricultural sectors will need strong support.
    [Show full text]