The Rock Art of Nämforsen, Sweden the Survey 2001-2003

The Rock Art of Nämforsen, Sweden The survey 2001-2003

By Thomas B Larsson & Sven-Gunnar Broström

UMARK 62, 2011

ISSN 1401-5986

Department of Historical, Philosophical and Religious Studies, Umeå University, SE-901 87 Umeå, Sweden

About the authors

Thomas B Larsson is professor of archaeology at Umeå University, Sweden. He has mainly carried out research on the European and South Scandinavian Bronze Age, but during the last decade his focus has shifted towards the Stone Age of Northern Fennoscandia. Rock art, dwellings, pitfall traps, moose hunting and climate change during the Late Stone Age are currently his favored research topics.

Sven-Gunnar Broström is honorary doctor at the Faculty of Humanities, Umeå University, Sweden. He has surveyed and documented rock art in Sweden during the last 50 years, and he is one of the most experienced field workers in Sweden when it comes to rock art. Together with colleagues he has found more than 20% of the known rock carvings in south and middle Sweden.

Cover: Rock art panel from Laxön in Nämforsen (Plate XII, D:16a, according to Hallström’s description). Rock art images presented in black were documented by Hallström (1960), while red images represent additional figures recorded at the new documentation of Nämforsen by Broström & Larsson in 2001-2003. Contents

Introduction and background 3

Hallström’s map over the carving area at Nämforsen (1960) 4

Presentation of the rock art panels 5 Main Group I. Laxön 6 The new documentation of Main Group I 7 Main Group II. Notön 42 The new documentation of Main Group II 43 Main Group III. Brådön 89 The new documentation of Main Group III 90

Summary 109

Selected photos from the documentation 111

References 114

Map of Sweden and the location of Nämforsen, County of Västernorrland, Sweden.

Introduction

In the following report we present the results of a survey of the famous rock art site Nämforsen, in the county of Västernorrland, Sweden. The survey was part of a project named Rock Art, Language and Environment, managed and financed by HumLab at Umeå University, Sweden. The project was co-financed by Umeå University and RANE (Rock Art in Northern Europe) – a project financed by the European Union. The aim was to make a detailed survey of the known rock carvings at the site and also to look for new ones. The location of the images and the structure of the rock surfaces were digitized and recorded in high resolution, making it possible to get a good 3D-image of the entire site and its surroundings. As the first step, the rock surfaces at Laxön, Brådön and Notön in Nämforsen were investigated with torchlight during nighttime. The contours of the carvings identified were then marked with a piece of chalk. During daytime the images were copied to a plastic sheet with three or more coordinate points on each sheet. The x, y and z values were measured with a Total Station. The sheets were later scanned. This report gives a more traditional 2D-version of the rock art at Nämforsen. The point of departure is Gustaf Hallström’s documentation of Nämforsen, published in 1960. When presenting the images we follow Hallström’s subdivision and labeling of the different areas, which makes it easy for the reader to compare the current documentation with Hallström’s. We are aware of the fact that other researchers than Hallström have surveyed and found new rock carvings on the cliffs at Nämforsen (e.g. Christian Lindqvist 1994, 1999), but we have anyhow chosen to compare our documentation with Hallström’s. We believe that scholars, both in Sweden and internationally, mainly use the work of Hallström as the empirical basis when discussing and analyzing Nämforsen, and therefore this new documentation should be related to Hallström’s major work from 1960. The rock carvings are shown in two colors: black, representing images documented by Hallström, while red images are the ‘new’ ones, recorded in our campaign 2001-2003. There are also images recorded by Hallström that we could not find, and images found by Hallström that we see, but interpret in a different way. Each group of rock carvings, or single images (following Hallström’s system), are positioned according to the Swedish coordinate system SWEREF 99. In this report one midpoint coordinate point is given for each rock art panel. A digital and web-searchable database of the rock carvings at Nämforsen is currently under production by HumLab at Umeå University, financed by the County Administrative Board of Västernorrland. Many thanks to Johan Olofsson, Sara Hjalmarsson and Sofia Yasin, who collected all the field data with the Total Station. Thanks to Kenneth Ihrestam for digital processing of the plastic sheets. We would also like to thank Nämforsen Rock Art Museum, Näsåker, for help and assistance in many ways during the field work. A special thanks to Fredrik Palm, HumLab, Umeå University, for helping us out with the ‘missing’ coordinate data and other technical problems.

Hallström’s maps over the carving area at Nämforsen (1960, Pl. XXVII)

Presentation of the rock art panels

Main Group I. Laxön and the southern shore (Hallström 1960, Pl. X-XV)

The new documentation of Main Group I.

A:1

Comments: 2 cup-marks and 1 short line were found beneath the animal to the right. Also, the head of this animal could be fully traced. X 593975,46 Y 7036088,91 Z 84,89

A:2

Comments: 1 animal (moose), partly damaged by erosion. X 593975,56 Y 7036091,16 Z 85,73

A:3

Comments: 1 new ship engraving was found, 0.5 m to the left of the one documented by Hallström. X 593974,52 Y 7036093,90 Z 86,00

A:4

Comments: 1 short line was added. X 593971,89 Y 7036094,36 Z 85,94

A:5a

Comments: Nothing to add. X 593965,02 Y 7036094,03 Z 85,76

A:5b

Comments: Nothing to add. X 593966,48 Y 7036092,54 Z 85,63

A:6a

Comments: Nothing to add. X 593958,52 Y 7036098,94 Z 85,78

A:6b

Comments: Nothing to add. X 593929,02 Y 7036099,57 Z 87,41

A:7

Comments: Nothing to add. X 593951,17 Y 7036097,10 Z 85,17

A:8

Comments: 1 short line was found c. 0.35 m above the Z-shaped image. X 593949,97 Y 7036098,58 Z 85,67

A:9a

Comments: 4 animals (probably moose) and some lines were added to this scene. X 593942,84 Y 7036099,24 Z 85,03

A:9b

Comments: A new image (part of an animal?) was found close to A:9a. X 593944,58 Y 7036099,77 Z 85,21

A:10

Comments: 1 short, angled line was added to this panel. X 593941,67 Y 7036102,48 Z 85,62

A:10a

Comments: 1 angular line. Another short line, registered by Hallström, could not be found. X 593937,46 Y 7036099,68 Z 84,70

B:1

Comments: 2 new animals (moose) were added to this panel. X 593984,77 Y 7036098,77 Z 84,24

B:2

Comments: Hallström has no plate for B:2, but he mentions “indistinct figures” (1960:145). We have traced 1 ship, 3 pickaxes, a possible moose (up in the right hand corner), and lines of different shapes. X 593983,24 Y 7036101,00 Z 84,19

B:3

Comments: This panel has some new images: 3 fragmentary animals, 1 ship and lines of different shapes. X 593978,33 Y 7036109,44 Z 83,97

C:1

Comments: 3 animals (moose), 1 fish, 1 cup-mark should be added to this panel. X 593966,35 Y 7036127,28 Z 82,84

C:2

Comments: 1 new moose and 1 line. The animal with hanging belly was partly traced by Hallström. X 593971,39 Y 7036128,85 Z 82,48

C:3

Comments: A new pair of legs was found under the moose to the right. X 593975,40 Y 7036128,15 Z 81,44

D:1, D:2& D:2b

Comments: This scene is a compilation of Hallström’s D1, D2 and D2b. As can be seen, a lot of animals, ships, and anthropomorphic images should be added to Hallström’s original documentation. X 593971,80 Y 7036141,60 Z 83,85

D:1a

Comments: 1 ship, 2 incomplete animals (moose) and lines should be added to this scene. X 593976,38 Y 7036139,66 Z 82,70

D:2a

Comments: A forked line and another line connecting the two animals were found on this panel. X 593968,14 Y 7036144,30 Z 83,54

D:2c

Comments: A new image of a ship (?). X 593969,01 Y 7036139,81 Z 83,88

D:2d

Comments: A short line. X 593969,17 Y 7036141,57 Z 83,73

D:2e

Comments: A short line and a cup-mark. X 593971,14 Y 7036143,84 Z 83,81

D:2f

Comments: 1 ship, 1 part of another ship (or animal?), and 2 short lines. X 593963,91 Y 7036142,75 Z 83,93

D:2g

Comments: 2 animals (moose), 1 cup-mark and 1 short, curved line. X 593967,57 Y 7036139,80 Z 84,06

D:3

Comments: A lot of small lines or “flying objects” were found above the ship and (probably) 1 animal in the upper left corner of the scene. X 593980,66 Y 7036142,46 Z 81,63

D:3a

Comments: 1 cup-mark was found above the head of the “centaur”. X 593981,17 Y 7036141,22 Z 81,43

D:4

Comments: 1 moose superimposed upon the anthropomorphic image, 1 animal (?) below, and lines (images?) that are difficult to interpret. X 593983,41 Y 7036142,49 Z 81,01

D:5 & D:5a

Comments: This panel comprices Hallström’s D:5 and D:5a. 5 animals (moose), 2 ships, 1 anthropomorphic figure, 1 pole with animal head (?), and some unidentifiable images should be added. A rock carving from 1923 (made by Verner Molander from Resele) can also be seen: “VERNER MOLANDER, RESELE 1923”. X 593984,63 Y 7036144,51 Z 80,95

D:6

Comments: 4 new animals (moose), 2 ships, 3 frame-shaped images, 1 pole with animal head, 1 pick- axe, and some intricate figures, difficult to interpret. X 593987,44 Y 7036145,04 Z 80,00

D:7

Comments: Head and back of a moose that never was completed, or a pole with moose head (?). X 593989,94 Y 7036144,58 Z 80,36

D:7a

Comments: 2 fishes and 1 moose. The head, the dorsal and tail fins on the upper fish were found, as well as the moose image. The moose could be Hallström’s D:7b, but the distance between the figures does not match his description (1960: 153). The belly-line is dotted. X 593988,91 Y 7036147,31 Z 80,27

D:7c

Comments: This image of a moose could not be found.

D:8

Comments: 1 animal and 5 lines should be added to this panel. The animal (?) in the middle is a strange creation, and Hallström suggests that it: “… is probably a defective drawing. After this failure to draw at this place, dangerous even at low water, the attempt was presumably abandoned.” (1960: 154). X 593988,17 Y 7036141,06 Z 80,66

D:9

Comments: 1 animal (perhaps 2?), some dots and curved lines are the new features on this panel. X 593987,20 Y 7036138,79 Z 81,07

D:10, D:11 and D:11a

Comments: Only 4 lines and 1 cup-mark were added to this scene. X 593986,35 Y 7036137,03 Z 80,89

D:12 and D:13

Comments: A pair of legs and a dotted belly-line should be added to the lower moose. A line was also discovered on the image behind the other moose, making it look like a bestiality scene (?). 1 long line and 2 cup-marks were also found between the seal looking figures – “fabulous beings” as Hallström called them (1960: 157). X 593982,29 Y 7036137,23 Z 81,51

D:16

Comments: 2 animals, 1 anthropomorphic, 3 lines and 2 unidentifiable carvings were added to this scene. X 593974,42 Y 7036136,63 Z 83,16

D:14-15

Comments: On this large panel (previous page) we can see a great increase in the number of recorded images. According to our documentation there are 141 carved items on D:14-15, which marks an increase with 143%. In many cases Hallström had seen some vague lines or carved forms where we now have identified certain figures. The new motives are mainly animals (moose) and anthropomorphic figures. X 593978,11 Y 7036136,43 Z 82,93

D:16a

Comments: 4 certain animals, 3 possible animals, 1 fish (?) and 1 forked line are the new images. X 593972,04 Y 7036137,35 Z 82,89

D:16b

Comments: 1 certain moose, 1 possible animal and 1 fish (salmon) should be added to the picture. X 593969,72 Y 7036138,07 Z 83,47

D:16c

Comments: A slight change in the form of the animal, compared to Hallström’s documentation. X 593966,60 Y 7036137,53 Z 83,64

D:17

Comments: 2 new animals (moose), 1 fish?, 1 ship and some lines that are difficult to interpret. X 593960,29 Y 7036152,45 Z 82,17

D:18a

Comments: 1 part of a ship and 1 animal (?) are the new items. X 593978,19 Y 7036179,92 Z 78,78

D:18I and D:18II

Comments: 2 lines and 1 animal to be added to this panel. X 593981,65 Y 7036177,71 Z 80,00

D:18b

Comments: A ship of an unusual type was found very close to the water. A rock carving ship of this type has been found at Laxforsen in Västerbotten (Larsson & Broström 1999). X 593984,64 Y 7036183,25 Z 77,26

D:19

Comments: 1 animal (moose). X 593987,41 Y 7036152,54 Z 80,01.

D:20

Comments: 1 cup-mark, 3 cm I diameter. X 593988,45 Y 7036153,51 Z 80,11

D:21

Comments: 1 moose image, 1 short line and an undeterminable figure. X 593975,57 Y 7036164,64 Z 81,19

E:1

Comments: Only 1 new image: a cup-mark. X 593927,00 Y 7036131,54 Z 85,30

E:2

Comments: To this image of a moose a small cup-mark has been added. X 593931,05 Y 7036132,34 Z 85,33

E:3

Comments: No major change. X 593940,96 Y 7036134,46 Z 84,65

E:3a

Comments: No major change. X 593942,86 Y 7036137,12 Z 84,53

E:4

Comments: 2 new small ships. X 593937,45 Y 7036134,67 Z 85,84

F:1

Comments: Only a few new carved dots could be traced. X 593929,02 Y 7036114,57 Z 85,07

F:2

Comments: 1 anthropomorphic figure (partly recognized by Hallström) and 1 forked line are new in this scene. X 593932,91 Y 7036118,86 Z 85,93

F:3

Comments: These two lined could be parts of Hallström’s F:3, even if the location does not fit his description. X 593950,22 Y 7036113,58 Z 84,97

F:3a

Comments: This image is slightly reinterpreted, but it is Hallström’s F:3a. A short line has been added. X 593952,41 Y 7036113,36 Z 85,12

F:3b

Comments: Nothing to add. X 593953,73 Y 7036112,63 Z 85,14

F:3c

Comments: 1 ship image, 3 lines and 1 cup-mark. X 593950,14 Y 7036114,83 Z 85,20

F:4

Comments: The head of the animal was fully traced. X 593960,74 Y 7036111,47 Z 84,89

F:5

Comments: Nothing to add. X 5939601,52 Y 7036112,68 Z 84,31

G:1

Comments: On this great panel at Laxön (previous page) there were only some minor changes: 1 ship (?), 1 cup-mark and 1 angled line could be added. X 593929,02 Y 7036099,57 Z 87,41

G:1a

Comments: The stem part of a ship could be added to Hallström’s drawing. X 593910,77 Y 7036100,59 Z 87,93

G:2

Comments: A new group of animals (moose and fish) was found above the lonely fish in Hallström’s G:2 panel. Also, the head (with antlers) of an animal could be traced. X 593912,20 Y 7036101,11 Z 88,22

G:3

Comments: 5 animals (moose), 1 fish, and a number of lines (fragmentary images) should be added to this scene. X 593909,08 Y 7036105,32 Z 88,79

G:3c

Comments: Two new images: 1 animal (moose) and 1 stem of a ship (?). X 593904,98 Y 7036108,52 Z 88,69

G:4

Comments: Nothing to add to Hallström’s original drawing. X 593904,91 Y 7036099,02 Z 86,13

G:5

Comments: 5 new images (animals?) could be added to this panel. Where most of the images were found, the rock surface is damaged. X 593899,74 Y 7036107,70 Z 88,11

G:6

Comments: Nothing to add. X 593897,83 Y 7036105,93 Z 86,74

G:7

Comments: New: Most probably 2 ships (broken by a crack): one stem and one stern remains. X 593892,40 Y 7036105,11 Z 86,86

G:8

Comments: 3 new lines. X 593892,08 Y 7036105,85 Z 87,47

G:9

Comments: A new angled line – perhaps body and legs of an animal (?). X 593885,27 Y 7036106,02 Z 87,27

G:10

Comments: New: An animal (or ship ?) with two heads. X 593884,60 Y 7036104,51 Z 86,63

H:1-H:3

Comments: Hallström’s H-series was not possible to find. It is located close to the power plant dam and the floodgate (Hallström 1960: 181) on the northern shore of the rapids.

X:1

Comments: 1 new animal (moose) and 1 short line. X 593929,65 Y 7036025,35 Z 81,85

X:2

Comments: Hallström recorded some lines which he interpreted as possible fragments of animals (1960: 183). Our tracing revealed 2 ships and 1 short line in 90o angel. X 593924,88 Y 7036026,79 Z 81,81

X:3

Comments: This ship with an animal head at the stem is not of the same type as the one that Hallström recorded, but it is located at roughly the same spot. X 593914,00 Y 7036017,65 Z 82,49

X:3a

Comments: This ship resembles X:3a in Hallström’s publication, even if he has 2 ships and the direction seems to be upside down (his arrow towards North is pointing in the opposite direction). X 593910,15 Y 7036020,35 Z 82,41

X:4

Comments: On the X:4 panel we could only retrieve the ship and a new short line. The moose image was impossible to see. X 593910,96 Y 7036025,36 Z 82,15

X:5

Comments: This scene could not be found.

Y:1a-c

Comments: 3 ships and 2 lines are new. The two ships to the right were noticed by Hallström, but there are more details in the new documentation. X 593942,71 Y 7036009,77 Z 82,28

Y:2-3

Comments: A small carved depression in front of the moose image is the only new element. X 593951,47 Y 7036009,38 Z 82,12

Z:1

Comments: A Z-shaped line (swan?) is the only image that could be added to this scene. X 594087,15 Y 7035976,84 Z 78,01

Z:1a

Comments: This small boat was never found.

Z:2

Comments: Only 2 new carvings on this panel. X 594089,79 Y 7035975,63 Z 78,09

Carvings in the Z- and Ä-series that could not be found when surveying the southern shore.

Ä:1

Comments: 8 new images could be identified on this panel: 1 moose, 2 ships and lines. The ship at the top of the drawing is of a unusual type, similar to D:18b (Larsson & Broström 1999). X 594255,16 Y 7035943,47 Z (missing)

Ä:4

Comments: In Hallström’s drawing, a line was noted c. 0.7 m above the stem of the ship. This line could not be found. X 594240,28 Y 7035943,78 Z (missing)

Comments: This image of an animal (reindeer or goat?) was carved on a loose stone, found on the southern shore in 1934. The stone was moved to the Parish Museum and after that it was lost.

Summary, Main Group I. Laxön: The total number of rock carvings (all categories included) on Laxön and on the southern shore are now close to 1000. This figure includes everything, from short carved lines and cup-marks to complete images of ships, animals, etc. We have also included the images documented by Hallström that we could not find in our survey. The table below shows the total number of carvings and the number of new carvings, distributed on the different sub-groups (A-Ä). Altogether, the increase in Main Group I is 72%.

Panels New Total A group 16 51 B group 24 39 C group 13 73 D group 267 421 E group 4 16 F group 15 43 G group 49 179 X group 6 11 Y group 6 33 Z group 3 31 Ä group 4 27 Not found 65 Total 407 989 Increase % 72

Main Group II. Notön (Hallström 1960, Pl. XVI-XXII)

The new documentation of Main Group II.

A:1

Comments: Nothing to add. X 594211,41 Y 7036068,63 Z 76,64

A:2

Comments: 1 line, close to the two anthropomorphic figures should be added. X594209,92 Y 7036067,62 Z 76,69

A:3a-b

Comments: Nothing to add. X 594208,86 Y 7036067,60 Z 76,79

A:4

Comments: A small, oval carving was found close to the animal to the left. X 594207,57 Y 7036070,34 Z 76,73

A:5

Comments: 1 cup-mark, inside one of the ships was found. X 594206,93 Y 7036066,83 Z 77,45

A:6

Comments: Hallström had noticed a box-formed carving (the black figure?). We could also identify 1 animal, lines and 1 cup-mark. The animal could be a dog (?), with long, raised ears and an upright tail. X 594206,37 Y 7036066,32 Z 77,78

A:7

Comments: Hallström recorded the oval form and interpreted it as a boat “…or some other figure.” (1960: 197), and our documentation revealed this image but also two anthropomorphic figures and two curved lines. The larger of the two ‘humans’ has a short carved line between the legs. If this should be interpreted as a gender indicator, is the figure then of female or male sex? X 594207,27 Y 7036064,58 Z 77,57

A:8

Comments: Nothing new to add. X 594208,27 Y 7036064,10 Z 77,32

A:9

Comments: This carving was found on a loose stone on the gravel-bank on Notön in 1943. It was removed to the National Museum of Antiquities in Stockholm (No. 23362), according to Hallström (1960: 197).

A:10

Comments: New image of a moose. X 594207,74 Y 7036066,59 Z 77,16

A:11

Comments: A new group of images, consisting of 3 ships and 1 spearhead-shaped image. X 594204,48 Y 7036067,80 Z 78,24

B:1

Comments: Only minor changes compare to Hallström’s documentation. The curved line above the stern of the ship could not be found. We have also added two new rays on the ‘sun’ above the ship. X 594200,82 Y 7036075,75 Z 76,47

B:2a-b

Comments: This panel is probably Hallström’s B:2a or B:2b. The distance between the two is, according to Hallström, 2,8 m, so this drawing cannot include both. 2 new animals were found. X 594196,59 Y 7036078,95 Z 76,57

B:3

Comments: This image was found at the position of B:3, according to Hallström’s description, though it does not resemble his drawing. X 594193,51 Y 7036080,91 Z 76,24

C:1

Comments: A curved line, 0.3 m to NE of the ‘head’ of the ship, could not be retrieved. X 594185,08 Y 7036085,05 Z 75,96

C:2

Comments: The stern of the ship to the left could be added to the picture. X 594185,63 Y 7036081,06 Z 76,58

C:4

Comments: Nothing to add. X 594179,67 Y 7036082,98 Z 77,45

C:3

Comments: On this panel we could not find the easternmost figures on Hallström’s drawing (4 ships and some lines). X 594179,94 Y 7036081,74 Z 77,10

C:5

Comments: 1 ship, 1 pick-axe and 6 lines are new items in this scene. X 594180,22 Y 7036084,24 Z 77,43

C:8

Comments: Hallström’s ship was interpreted in a different way and 2 lines and 1 cup-mark should be added. X 594170,65 Y 7036084,37 Z 78,34

C:9

Comments: A 0.13 m long line. X 594172,09 Y 7036084,14 Z 78,28

C:6-7

Comments: On this large panel, only one small ship (above the main ship) is missing compared to Hallström’s drawing. X 594175,86 Y 7036082,93 Z 77,85

D:1

Comments: 2 new ships, 2 lines and 1 cup-mark were added to this scene. X 594165,89 Y 7036085,56 Z 78,44

D:2

Comments: A few details were added: two ears and hooves on the animal to the right. X 594161,51 Y 7036086,25 Z 78,65

D:5

Comments: 1 animal, 2 lines and 8 cup-marks should be added. 1 animal (in the E part of the panel) could not be retrieved. X 594159,40 Y 7036084,73 Z 78,74

D:3

Comments: Nothing to add. X 594159,63 Y 7036086,48 Z 78,87

D:4

Comments: The frame-shaped image behind the animal in Hallström’s documentation could not be found, but instead we found a double-headed creature (ship?). X 594157,37 Y 7036087,70 Z 78,64

D:6

Comments: One of Hallström’s ships (to the right of the stem of the longest ship) could not be retrieved. Instead, we found 3 new ships and 2 lines. X 594156,32 Y 7036086,69 Z 78,57

D:7

Comments: 1 pick-axe was added to this scene. X 594153,44 Y 7036086,65 Z 78,07

D:8

Comments: Only one small carving (ship?) was found close to the previously known images. X 594152,18 Y 7036087,63 Z 77,78

D:9

Comments: 2 pick-axe shapes were added. X 594152,48 Y 7036088,39 Z 77,74

D:10

Comments: A new line (ship?) could be traced. X 594150,80 Y 7036088,12 Z 77,50

D:11

Comments: Nothing to add. X 594148,82 Y 7036086,34 Z 77,37

D:12

Comments: A hook-shaped line. X 594161,18 Y 7036087,50 Z 78,51

E:1

Comments: New elements are 3 ships, 1 line and 2 cup-marks. The southernmost images (partly traced by Hallström) were two ships. X 594153,65 Y 7036084,65 Z 78,30

E:2

Comments: 1 complete ship, 2 fragmentary ships, 2 lines, 1 cup-mark and the continuation of a ship that Hallström started to draw. X 594151,81 Y 7036082,63 Z 78,69

E:3

Comments: 1 new, fragmentary ship (?), 2 cup-marks and a slightly different shape of the muzzle of the moose was noted on this panel. X 594151,26 Y 7036081,62 Z 78,49

F:1

Comments: Nothing to add. X 594150,49 Y 7036078,12 Z 78,83

F:2

Comments: 1 animal, 3 lines and 3 cup-marks are the new features. X 594152,94 Y 7036077,15 Z 78,83

G:1

Comments: A curved line could be added to this scene. X 594145,49 Y 7036078,05 Z 78,81

G:2

Comments: No major changes in this scene. We added 1 ship and 1 animal. X 594143,69 Y 7036077,28 Z 78,63

G:3

Comments: 1 new cup-mark. X 594141,63 Y 7036077,25 Z 78,34

G:4

Comments: Nothing to add. X 594138,52 Y 7036076,21 Z 77,92

G:5

Comments: 2 new anthropomorphic figures were identified. X 594147,76 Y 7036066,33 Z 80,01

G:6

Comments: A new panel, consisting of 3 ships and a line should be added to the G-series. X 594161,90 Y 7036070,26 Z 80,11

H:2

Comments: Nothing to add. X 594133,81 Y 7036072,91 Z 77,66

H:3

Comments: Two small carvings (indistinct) to the left and to the right of the animals were not found. X 594134,26 Y 7036071,66 Z 77,82

H:1

Comments: 5 lines, 2 ships and 2 new cup-marks are the main changes in this panel. Some images have been slightly reinterpreted. X 594136,49 Y 7036073,44 Z 78,09

H:4

Comments: Nothing to add. X 594134,97 Y 7036070,17 Z 78,11

J:1

Comments: 6 ships (some partly traced by Hallström), 1 animal (?) and some lines are new in this scene. Some of Hallström’s short lines were not found. X 594133,97 Y 7036064,66 Z 78,62

J:2

Comments: The stem of a ship and one forked line were the new carvings here. X 594136,95 Y 7036066,45 Z 78,36

J:3

Comments: An angled line, c. 0.2 m long. X 594130,05 Y 7036063,61 Z 78,61

K:1

Comments: Nothing to add. X 594126,22 Y 7036050,32 Z 79,96

K:2

Comments: A U-shaped line was added to this drawing. X 594125,03 Y 7036050,55 Z 79,52

K:3

Comments: The cup-mark behind the foreleg noted by Hallström could not be identified. X 594134,33 Y 7036051,67 Z 79,58

K:4

Comments: Nothing to add. X 594140,35 Y 7036049,74 Z 79,54

K:5

Comments: The shape of ‘our’ moose differs from Hallström’s version: the hooves are forked and the bell under the chin could not be identified. Also, the ears (or antlers?) are different. X 594140,19 Y 7036047,49 Z 79,79

L:1

Comments: Some of Hallström’s animals and lines could not be fully traced. 1 curved line and 2 cup- marks are added. X 594129,49 Y 7036043,61 Z 80,06

L:1a & L:2

Comments: These two carvings could not be found.

L:3

Comments: Some lines are missing and some have been added. X 594133,02 Y 7036045,90 Z 81,83

L:4

Comments: 1 ship, 2 complete animals, 2 fragmentary ones and some lines were added to this panel. X 594133,17 Y 7036043,91 Z 81,28

L:5

Comments: 2 new animals, 1 cup-mark and the upper part of a ‘human’ should be added. The legs of the human probably continue in L:6. X 594132,56 Y 7036043,15 Z 80,55

L:6

Comments: A carving on a loose part of the rock, originally connected with L:5. The two new lines most certainly belong to the anthropomorphic figure in L:5. X 594131,82 Y 7036042,39 Z 79,92

L:7

Comments: Two new lines. X 594143,54 Y 7036044,54 Z 79,92

L:8

Comments: 5 ships, 3 animals, 1 pick-axe, 1 cup-mark and 2 undeterminable figures should be added to this panel. X 594146,87 Y 7036042,58 Z 80,33

L:9

Comments: The animal does not look like Hallström’s L:9, but location on Notön is roughly the same. Two new indeterminable figures were added. X 594143,96 Y 7036041,04 Z 80,22

L:10

Comments: Nothing to add. X 594141,84 Y 7036040,77 Z 80,22

M:1

Comments: 1 anthropomorphic figure, 2 lines and 1 indeterminable carving were added to the picture. X 594134,79 Y 7036034,93 Z 80,44

M:2

Comments: Nothing to add. The animal is 0.28 m long. X 594135,79 Y 7036034,44 Z 80,74

N:1

Comments: Nothing to add. X 594139,94 Y 7036032,49 Z 81,31

N:2

Comments: 2 animals should be added to this scene. Two lines recorded by Hallström could not be found. X 594141,44 Y 7036032,26 Z 81,19

N:3

Comments: A 0.12 m long line (the leg of an animal?). X 594142,62 Y 7036033,28 Z 81,41

O:1

Comments: Nothing to add. X 594146,65 Y 7036035,83 Z 81,09

O:2

Comments: In our tracing, the arm is not connected to the back of the animal, as in Hallström’s drawing. Coordinates missing

O:3

Comments: 1 curved line and 1 cup-mark are new in the O-series. X 594143,89 Y 7036036,04 Z 80,86

O:4

Comments: 3 new lines. X 594147,36 Y 7036038,84 Z 80,72

P:1

Comments: 6 ships, 1 duck (or ship?) and some lines should be added to this panel. X 594146,72 Y 7036030,08 Z 80,55

P:2

Comments: Nothing to add. X 594148,32 Y 7036031,60 Z 80,97

P:3

Comments: 2 ships and 1 animal (partly) are new features here. X 594148,72 Y 7036030,11 Z 80,55

P:4-5

Comments: Nothing to add. X 594149,42 Y 7036029,36 Z 80,05

Q:2

Comments: 1 ship and 1 curved line with forked endings (ship?). X 594135,16 Y 7036030,18 Z 80,19

Q:1

Comments: For this large panel, Hallström’s and our documentation are perfectly matching. The southernmost images in Hallström’s documentation are presented on next page as Q:1a and Q:1b. X 594138,55 Y 7036028,48 Z 80,72

Q:1a

Comments: Nothing to add. X 594137,97 Y 7036030,47 Z 81,37

Q:1b

Comments: A ship image, 0.32 m long. Coordinates missing.

Q:3

Comments: These carvings could not be found.

R:1

Comments: 1 line should be added. X 594146,79 Y 7036019,33 Z 80,17

R:2

Comments: Nothing to add. X 594148,93 Y 7036018,11 Z 80,30

R:3

Comments: 1 ship should be added to this panel. X 594152,07 Y 7036017,15 Z 80,22

S:1

Comments: Nothing to add. X 594157,58 Y 7036016,22 Z 80,00

S:2

Comments: The cup-mark and 2 lines noted by Hallström, c. 0.7 m N of these images, were not found. X 594157,68 Y 7036013,22 Z 79,89

S:3

Comments: A short line was added. X 594159,31 Y 7036012,99 Z 80,01

S:4

Comments: 1 angular line (part of a ship?) was added. X 594160,33 Y 7036011,26 Z 79,91

S:5

Comments: 1 short, slightly curved line added. X 594157,90 Y 7036010,23 Z 79,44

S:7

Comments: 1 new animal was found. X 594163,06 Y 7036008,04 Z 79,39

S:6

Comments: 2 animals (moose), 1 anthropomorphic image, 3 ships, 2 cup-marks and a few short lines were added to this panel. X 594160,17 Y 7036009,00 Z 79,59

S:8-9

Comments: 1 ship, 1 swan (?), 8 cup-marks and some lines were the new features here. X 594165,88 Y 7036007,08 Z 79,32

T:1

Comments: 3 ships, 1 animal, 1 line and a carved surface. X 594158,38 Y 7036006,73 Z 79,83

T:2

Comments: 3 animals, 4 ships and 3 lines should be added to this scene. X 594160,29 Y 7036004,51 Z 78,91

T:4

Comments: A short angular line was found. X 594159,93 Y 7036003,00 Z 78,07

T:3

Comments: 4 ships, 3 animals, 1 pick-axe, 2 cup-marks and some curved and straight lines. X 594157,02 Y 7036005,97 Z 79,54

T:5 and T:6

Comments: Hallström’s panels T:5 and T:6 could not be found when doing our survey.

T:7

Comments: Apart from the animal in the lower left corner, the other figures are difficult to interpret (perhaps a small boat? among the lines). X 594157,67 Y 7036004,22 Z 78,89

T:8

Comments: 2 new ships, 1 line and two indistinct figures. X 594163,09 Y 7036005,29 Z 79,02

T:9

Comments: 1 new image of a ship, c. 0.2 m long. X 594160,27 Y 7036005,51 Z 79,48

U:1

Comments: A line and a cup-mark were added. X 594153,60 Y 7036004,92 Z 79,59

U:2

Comments: Nothing to add. X 594152,35 Y 7036004,66 Z 79,19

U:3

Comments: The ship is 0.38 m long. X 594149,37 Y 7036008,12 Z 80,21

V:1

Comments: A small hooked line was found. X 594143,74 Y 7036013,55 Z 80,39

V:2-3

Comments: 2 new ships were found. X 594142,08 Y 7036011,53 Z 79,64

X:1

Comments: Nothing to add. X 594134,42 Y 7036014,18 Z 79,99

X:2

Comments: A small animal (?), c. 0.1 m long. X 594134,69 Y 7036012,68 Z 79,73

Y:1

Comments: 2 short lines were added. X 594117,91 Y 7036015,72 Z 80,39

Y:2

Comments: Nothing to add. X 594116,99 Y 7036013,96 Z 79,33

Y:3

Comments: Nothing to add. X 594119,18 Y 7036013,49 Z 79,33

Y:4 Only some short lines traced by Hallström. Could not be found.

Y:5

Comments: Nothing to add. X 594121,40 Y 7036016,51 Z 80,53

Summary, Main Group II. Notön: The total number of carvings (all categories included) on Notön are now more than 1100. This includes everything from short lines to elaborate images of ships, animals, etc. Included in the total is also figures drawn by Hallström that we could not find today. In all, the number of new carvings is 262, which means an increase with 30 %.

Panels New Total A group 15 49 B group 2 11 C group 12 100 D group 29 103 E group 15 45 F group 7 11 G group 10 40 H group 9 63 J group 13 30 K group 1 7 L group 32 104 M group 4 10 N group 3 17 O group 5 8 P group 20 90 Q group 3 115 R group 2 28 S group 31 107 T group 42 112 U group 2 29 V group 3 16 X group 0 2 Y group 2 8 Not found 17 Total 262 1122 Increase % 30

Main Group III. Brådön (Hallström 1960, Pl. XXIII-XXVI)

The new documentation of Main Group III.

A:1

Comments: 4 animals and 10 cup-marks should be added to this panel. X 594034,39 Y 7036078,65 Z 86,24

A:2

Comments: The animal is 0.14 m long. X 594026,26 Y 7036069,30 Z 84,91

A:3

Comments: 1 animal (moose) and 1 indistinct figure were found on this new scene. X 594022,20 Y 7036074,00 Z 87,76

A:4

Comments: 3 new lines. X 594019,82 Y 7036074,47 Z 88,02

B:1

Comments: Two new short lines and one animal were added. X 594041,19 Y 7036069,49 Z 85,79

B:2

Comments: The ship is 1.35 m long. X 594044,10 Y 7036071,53 Z 85,13

B:3

Comments: Two new images: 1 animal and 1 cup-mark. X 594041,71 Y 7036067,75 Z 85,37

B:4

Comments: On this new panel we identified 4 images: 2 foot soles (a pair) and 2 animals. The foot soles and one of the animals are outlined by small, pecked dots, while the other animal is carved in the traditional style. The dotted animal has four legs, which is an unusual trait. X 594039,54 Y 7036066,22 Z 84,81

C:1

Comments: Nothing to add. X 594041,74 Y 7036065,25 Z 84,26

C:2

Comments: Nothing to add. X 594045,18 Y 7036065,29 Z 83,95

D:1

Comments: Just a small dot and a line added to this scene. X 594049,05 Y 7036065,09 Z 82,77

D:2

Comments: A small new figure was found (anthropomorphic?). X 594053,25 Y 7036064,14 Z 82,38

D:3

Comments: Nothing to add. X 594054,99 Y 7036065,17 Z 82,14

D:5

Comments: An animal ? (to the right) and the stem of a ship (?). X 594050,52 Y 7036067,61 Z 83,48

E:1

Comments: An indistinct figure in front of the foot soles were not found and a forked line was added. X 594048,25 Y 7036064,08 Z 83,05

E:2-3

Comments: Nothing to add to this panel. X 594050,70 Y 7036063,36 Z 82,90

F:1

Comments: One new foot sole should be added (now a pair). The line is partly made up of small dots. X 594056,14 Y 7036062,68 Z 81,61

E:4-6

Comments: No major changes to this large panel on Brådön. X 594053,90 Y 7036062,15 Z 82,28

F:2

Comments: Nothing to add. X 594057,75 Y 7036063,95 Z 80,97

F:3

Comments: Nothing to add. X 594059,53 Y 7036061,72 Z 81,06

F:4

Comments: Nothing to add. X 594051,53 Y 7036062,12 Z 82,84

Comments: 3 lines (one dotted), 1 cup-mark, 1 leg and a gender marker (?) were added to this scene. X 594063,15 Y 7036062,02 Z 79,86

H:1

Comments: The positioning of the two animals (in relation to each other) differs slightly from Hallström’s drawing. X 594076,70 Y 7036072,94 Z 79,28

H:2

Comments: Nothing to add. X 594075,18 Y 7036074,17 Z 79,71

J:1

Comments: One small carving between the line and the top moose could not be found. X 594080,22 Y 7036075,73 Z 78,99

J:2

Comments: A new U-shaped line was found. X 594080,45 Y 7036077,98 Z 78,78

100

K:1-2

Comments: The head of one moose could be fully traced. X 594078,25 Y 7036083,45 Z 78,40

L:1

Comments: Nothing to add. X 594092,40 Y 7036086,63 Z 76,83

101

Comments: 1 ship, 1 animal and some lines in Hallström’s documentation could not be found. An anthropomorphic image has been added. X 594087,60 Y 7036090,32 Z 77,40

102

Comments: Nothing to add. X 594083,83 Y 7036087,27 Z 78,06

O:1

Comments: 1 new animal (moose) is added to the picture and 4 cup-marks ‘inside’ the moose in the lower left corner. X 594080,29 Y 7036090,73 Z 78,22

103

O:2

Comments: 4 cup-marks were added. X 594078,35 Y 7036090,45 Z 78,66

O:3

Comments: This image differs from Hallström’s drawing. Two items are missing. X 594075,36 Y 7036089,67 Z 78,93

P:1

Comments: 1 curved line and 2 cup-marks are new. X 594084,65 Y 7036096,28 Z 77,56

104

P:2

Comments: Nothing to add. X 594081,77 Y 7036096,75 Z 78,20

Q:1

Comments: Unusual, four legged creature. The front part of the head was diffuse. X 594089,30 Y 7036099,34 Z 77,57

Q:2

Comments: Just a new cup-mark in this scene. X 594089,40 Y 7036101,09 Z 77,59

105

Q:3

Comments: This small carving (ship?) is 0.13 m long. X 594087,20 Y 7036102,56 Z 77,62

Q:4

Comments: A new moose image and a carved dot underneath the chin. X 594091,07 Y 7036097,61 Z 77,19

R:1

Comments: The lines in Hallström’s drawing, connected to this panel, could not be found. X 594082,91 Y 7036100,51 Z 78,39

106

R:2

Comments: The stem (at the right) of this ship could not be properly traced. The length is m 0.9 m. X 594079,54 Y 7036099,97 Z 78,33

S:1

Comments: A short line, a nozzle, and a fully traced moose are the new features. X 594075,03 Y 7036100,91 Z 78,57

S:2

Comments: Two new lines. The one to the right probably is the head, ear and back of a moose. X 594076,91 Y 7036100,68 Z 78,59

107

Summary, Main Group III. Brådön: The total number of recorded rock carvings on Brådön is now 479. The table below shows the number of carvings per sub-group and that we have an increase by 14%. Interestingly, the number of new carvings is extremely low in the sub-groups with large panels and many images, e.g. the E-group. Perhaps Hallström scrutinized the ‘major panels’ extra carefully during his documentation campaigns at Nämforsen.

Panels New Total A group 19 121 B group 9 24 C group 0 14 D group 5 24 E group 1 135 F group 1 12 G group 4 10 H group 0 5 J group 1 7 K group 0 7 L group 0 7 M group 1 34 N group 0 2 O group 7 38 P group 3 11 Q group 2 11 R group 0 2 S group 4 13 Not found 2 Total 57 479 Increase % 14

108

Summary

The survey of rock art at Nämforsen in Ångermanland, Sweden, was carried out during the summers of 2001-2003. In total, the number of carvings at Nämforsen is, according to our counting, 2590. The ‘newly’ discovered ones (compared to Hallström’s documentation) count to 726. It is obvious from the tables presented above that the increase differs significantly if comparing the three main groups: Laxön 72%, Notön 30% and Brådön only 14%. If this is caused by varying quality of our work or Hallström’s, or something else, can of course be discussed. For Nämforsen as a whole the general increase is 40%. If it is without doubt that two or more lines or carved areas belong to the same image, we have counted this as 1 carving. The scene below can illustrate this, where the red animal is 1 animal, instead of 1 animal and 1 line. It is obvious that the short line should be interpreted as a hind leg and nothing else. Also, the two animals with superimposed foot soles are treated as 2 animals, even if the contour lines are broken into several smaller lines. If we are to count every individual carving, irrespective of contextual interpretation, the number is close to 3400.

The following diagrams show the distribution of the ‘new’ carvings divided into different categories.

109

It is obvious that a majority of the new finds consist of lines. On Laxön and Brådön, many new animals (mainly moose) were found, while ships were mainly found on Notön. Cup-marks dominate on Brådön, where we also found some foot soles.

In this very descriptive report we have chosen to present the new rock carving data from Nämforsen as we see it. For the time being, we leave interpretations and analyses to other rock art researchers. The most important thing with this report is to deliver the re-documentation of Nämforsen to archaeologists as well as to a broader public.

110

Selected photos from the documentation

The authors in a small boat on their way to Notön. Photo: Sara Hjalmarsson.

Sofia Yasin and Sara Hjalmarsson in action on Notön with the Total Station, collecting coordinate data for the rock carvings and for analyses of the micro-topography of the landscape. Photo: Thomas B Larsson.

111

Sofia and Sven-Gunnar searching for rock carvings at night by using a lamp. Photo: Thomas B Larsson.

Sven-Gunnar documenting the big Q:1 panel on Notön. In the background are the rapids at Brådön and the hydro-electric power plant. Photo: Thomas B Larsson.

112

Sven-Gunnar is copying rock carvings (Laxön, D:16a) to a plastic sheet. Photo: Thomas B Larsson.

Some of the carvings on Notön (D:4, D:5 and D:6) temporary painted with a mixture of water and chalk, before being copied to plastic sheets. Photo: Thomas B Larsson.

113

One of the new scenes on Notön (A:7), temporary painted. Photo: Thomas B Larsson.

References

Hallström, G. 1960. Monumental Art of Northern Sweden from the Stone Age. Nämforsen and other localities. Stockholm.

Larsson, T. B. & Broström, S-G. 1999. Nyupptäckta hällristningar vid Laxforsen, Nordmalings socken, Västerbottens län – en kort notis. Fornvännen 94: 187-190.

Lindqvist, Ch. 1994. Fångstfolkets bilder. En studie av de nordfennoskandiska kustanknutna jägarhällristningarna. Stockholm.

Lindqvist, Ch. 1999. Nämforsenristningarna – en återspegling av jägarnas liv och världsbild. Tidsspår 1997-99: 105-135.

114

Archaeological Reports from Umeå University (Umark), ISSN 1401-5986

Norberg, Erik 1995. Rapport över arkeologisk undersökning av fornlämning Raä 249, Karl-Gustav sn, Norrbotten. Anläggning 6 hyddbotten och anläggning 7 boplatsgrop. Umark 1. Umeå.

Norberg, Erik 1996. Rapport över arkeologisk undersökning av fornlämning Raä 249, Karl-Gustav sn, Norrbotten. Anläggning 5, hyddbotten. Umark 2. Umeå.

Egebäck, Per-Erik 1996. Rapport över arkeologisk undersökning, Pörnullbacken, Vörå sn, Österbotten. Osteologisk rapport: Barbro Hårding. Arkeobotanisk rapport: Karin Viklund. Umark 3. Umeå.

Lindqvist, Anna-Karin med bidrag av Per H. Ramqvist och Barbro Hårding 1996. Gallsätter. Arkeologisk undersökning av fornlämningskomplex Raä 7, Skog sn, Ångermanland 1994-1995. Umark 4. Umeå.

Goldhahn, Joakim 1997. Röse och stensättning vid Yttertavle 1:41, Umeå sn, Västerbotten. Umark 5. Umeå.

Oscarsson, Björn 1997. Rapport över arkeologisk undersökning av fornlämning Raä 172, Nysättra sn, Stradfors 2:14, 1:16, Västerbottens län. Umark 6. Umeå.

Lundberg, Åsa & Ylinen, Tarja 1997. Rapport över arkeologisk undersökning av boplats Raä 510, Västerdal 1:1, Flurkmark, Umeå sn, Västerbotten. Umark 7. Umeå.

Hällström, Cecilia 1997. Rapport över arkeologisk undersökning av Raä 152 och 150, Hög sn, Gävleborgs län. Umark 8. Umeå.

Hällström, Cecilia 1997. Rapport över arkeologisk undersökning av Raä 127, Jättendal sn, Gäveleborgs län. Umark 9. Umeå.

Egebäck, Per-Erik 1997. Rapport över arkeologisk undersökning, Pörnullbacken, Vörå sn, Österbotten. Umark 10. Umeå.

Loeffler, David 1998. Arkeologisk undersökning av Grodan, Vuollerim, Raä 1292, Jokkmokks sn, Lappland, 1987. Umark 11. Umeå.

Loeffler, David 1998. Arkeologisk undersökning av Norpan 1 (J106E), Vuollerim, Raä 1292, Jokkmokks sn, Lappland, 1983 och 1987. Umark 12. Umeå.

Loeffler, David 1998. Arkeologisk undersökning av Norpan 2 (J106A), Vuollerim, Raä 1292, Jokkmokks sn, Lappland, 1983- 1987. Del 1-8. Umark 13. Umeå.

Ramqvist, Per H 1999. Den äldre bebyggelsekontinuiteten i Ångermanland. Rapport från ett arkeologiskt projekt omfattande undersökningar på Raä nr 1 och 2 i Arnäs sn, Raä 32 i Sjäevad sn samt fyra fosfatkarteringar i Själevad och Arnäs sockar. Umark 14. Umeå.

Westlin, Christina (red) 1999. Arkeologisk undersökning av Pörnullbacken, Vörå, Österbotten, Finland. Del 1-2. Umark 15. Umeå.

Olson, Carina 1999. Osteologisk rapport över brända ben från Hedningahällan, Raä 68, Enånger socken, Hälsingland. Umark 16. Umeå.

Klang, Lennart 2000. Arkeologiska utgrävningar i Fattenborg, Töre socken, Västerbottens landskap, Norrbottens län. 1996. Delundersökning av boplatsvallar och boplatsgropar. Raä 318, 341 och 408. Umark 17. Umeå.

Loeffler, David 2000. Arkeologisk undersökning av Bäckishällorna Oravais, Kimo Finland 1999. Umark 18. Umeå.

Lindqvist, Anna-Karin 2000. "Banafjäll, raä 304 i Grundsunda socken, Ångermanland. Bilaga: Geofysiska mätmetoder tillämpade i ett arkeologiskt sammanhang". Umark 19. Umeå.

Westlin, Christina (red) 2000. Arkeologisk undersökning av Pörnullbacken, Vörå sn, Österbotten, Finland. 1999. Del 1-2. Umark 20. Umeå.

Larsson, Thomas & Rathje, Lillian 2001. "Arkeologisk undersökning av stensättningar, skärvstenshögar och kokgrop i Skäran, Nysätra socken (RAÄ 10 & 240), Västerbottens län". Umark 21. Umeå.

115

Norberg, Erik & Jonsson, Leif (osteologisk rapport) 2001. Rapport över arkeologisk undersökning av fornlämning Raä. 249 Karl-Gustavs sn. 1997. Umark 22. Umeå.

Broadbent, Noel D. & Olofsson, Johan 2002. Archaeological Investigations of the S. A. Andrée Site, White Island, Svalbard 1998 and 2000. Umark 23. Umeå.

Huggert, Anders & Karlsson, Nina 2002. Rapport över arkeologisk delundersökning av härdområdet fornlämning nr 173 samt markkemisk kartering av härdgruppen fornlämning 47, Holmträsk 1:20, Degerfors sn, Vindelns kn, Västerbottens län. 2001. Umark 24. Umeå.

Björck, Alf 2003. Arktiska pilbågar. Katalog över Christian Pfaffs pilbågesamling. Umark 25. Umeå.

Björck, Alf 2003. Pilar och pilspetsar från Västgrönland. Katalog över Christian Pfaffs pilbågesamling. Umark 26. Umeå.

Andersson, Helena & Engelmark, Roger & Linderholm, Johan 2003. Miljöarkeologisk undersökning av Fattenborg, Raä 341, 405:2 samt 318, Töre sn, Norrbottens län. Umark 27. Umeå.

Norberg, Erik 2002. Rapport arkeologisk forskningsundersökning av en senneolitisk boplatsvall RAÄ 264 Karl Gustav sn, Norrbotten. Osteologisk rapport av Anders Fandén 2003. Umark 28. Umeå.

Rathje, Lillian 2003. Provundersökning av fornlämning Raä 508 i Böle 3:4, Lövånger socken, Västerbottens län. Umark 29. Umeå.

Rathje, Lillian 2003. Arkeologisk undersökning av stensättningar och kokgrop i Skäran, Nysätra socken, Västerbottens län. Umark 30. Umeå.

Fossum, Birgitta & Karlsson, Nina 2003. Rapport arkeologisk forskningsundersökning av samiska härdar och boplatser vid RAÄ 1453, 738, 739, 300 och 737, Gråträsk, Piteå sn, Lappland 2002. Umark 31. Umeå.

Fossum, Birgitta & Karlsson, Nina 2003. Rapport arkeologisk forskningsundersökning vid samiskt viste RAÄ 300 från yngre metalltid -tidig medeltid, Gråträsk, Piteå sn, Lappland 2002. Osteologisk rapport av Leif Johnsson. Umark 32. Umeå.

Hjalmarsson, Sara 2003. Arkeologisk och miljöarkeologisk undersökning av skärvstenshög Raä 94:6, Ullevi 5:1, Gåsinge- Dillnäs sn., Södermanland, samt undersökning av provschakt i områdets åkermark. En del i forsknings- och metodutvecklingsprojektet Hällbilder, språk och miljö. Umark 33. Umeå.

Räihälä, Oili 2003. Rapport över arkeologisk undersökning av fornlämning Huhtalehto Raä 221 Hietaniemi sn. Norrbotten 1997. Umark 34. Umeå.

Josephson Hesse, Kristina (red.) 2004. Arkeologisk rapport. RAÄ 16 Mariehem Umeå sn. Västerbotten 2003. Umark 35. Umeå.

Lindgren, Britta 2004. Hällbilder i norr. Forskningsläget i Jämtlands- Västerbottens- och Västernorrlands län. Umark 36. Umeå.

Lindgren, Britta & Olofsson, Johan (red.) 2004. Rapport över arkeologisk undersökning av Raä 158, Ådals-Liden sn, Ångermanland. Umark 37. Umeå.

Lindgren, Britta 2005. Rapport över arkeologisk undersökning av markyta framför hällmälningslokal, RAÄ 160, Ramsele sn, Ångermanland, 2001. Umark 38. Umeå.

Eriksson, Daniel 2005. Rapport över undersökning av fångstgrop RAÄ 16, Högberget I, Ramsele sn, Ångermanland, 2002. Umark 39. Umeå.

Holmblad, Peter 2005. Rapport över arkeologisk undersökning av Högberget III, Ramsele sn, Ångermanland, 2003. Umark 40. Umeå.

Lindqvist, Anna-Karin 2005. Arkeologiska undersökningar i Själevad socken. Stensättning Raä 92 i Gene samt boplatserna Raä 219 och 155 i Vågsnäs, norra Ångermanland. Umark 41. Umeå.

Grabowski, Radoslaw 2005. Arkeologisk kursundersökning av RAÄ 158 Ådals-Lidens sn. 2005. Umark 42. Umeå.

116

Larsson, Thomas & Olofsson, Johan (red.) 2006. Rapport över arkeologisk undersökning av Raä 158, Ådals-Liden sn, Ångermanland. Umark 43. Umeå.

Engelmark, Roger & Harju, Johnny 2007. Rapport över arkeologisk förundersökning av Raä 183, Ramsele sn, Ångermanland, 2005. Umark 44. Umeå.

Harju, Johnny & Sandén, Erik 2007. Rapport över arkeologisk undersökning av Raä 202 samt del av Raä 206, Sävar sn, Västerbotten 1992. Umark 45. Umeå.

Harju, Johnny 2007. Rapport över arkeologisk undersökning av Raä 40, Umeå sn, Västerbotten, 1997. Umark 46. Umeå.

Harju, Johnny 2007. Rapport över arkeologisk undersökning av Raä 76, Umeå sn, Västerbotten, 1997. Umark 47. Umeå.

Harju, Jonnny & Sandén, Erik. 2007. Rapport över arkeologisk delundersökning av Raä 484, Degerfors sn Västerbotten 1992. Umark 48. Umeå.

Larsson, Thomas B. 2008. Rapport över arkeologisk undersökning av Raä 158, Ådals-Liden sn, Västernorrlands län, 2006. Umark 49. Umeå.

Ramqvist, Per H. 2009. En brandgrav från äldre bronsålder. Arkeologisk undersökning av stensättning på gravfältet Raä 77 i Röbäck, Umeå socken och kommun, Västernottens län. Seminariegrävningen 2007. Umark 50. Umeå.

Larsson, Thomas B 2009. Rapport över arkeologisk delundersökning av fornlämning nr 49:1, Bygdeå sn, Västerbottens län, 25-28 maj 2009. Umark 51. Umeå.

Larsson, Thomas B. 2009. Arkeologisk delundersökning av boplatsvall, Raä 183, Ramsele sn, Västernorrlands län, 2009. Umark 52. Umeå.

Larsson, Thomas B & Grabowski, Radoslaw & Ericsson, Göran 2009. Arkeologisk delundersökning av boplatsvall, Raä 471:1, Sorsele sn, Västerbottens län, 2009. Umark 53. Umeå.

Ramqvist, Per H. 2010. Lokaliseringen av fyndplatsen för den s k Hampnästoften våren 2001. Umark 54. Umeå.

Ramqvist, Per H. 2010. Undersökning av boplatsspår i Gene, raä 22, Själevad sn, Örnsköldsviks kommun, Västernorrlands län. Seminariegrävningen 2008. Umark 55. Umeå.

Ramqvist, Per H. 2010. En skadad hög från vikingatid och nyupptäckta boplatsspår från förromersk järnålder. Arkeologiska undersökningar vid Raä 36 i Stige, Indal socken, Sundsvalls kommun, Medelpad. Umark 56. Umeå.

Ramqvist, Per H. 2010. Provundersökning av husgrundsterrass Raä 70:1 i Allsta, Tuna sn, Medelpad Västernorrlands län. Umark 57. Umeå.

Larsson, Thomas B. 2010. Arkeologisk delundersökning av boplatsvall, Raä 183, Ramsele sn, Västernorrlands län, 2010. Umark 58. Umeå.

Ramqvist, Per H. 2010. Rekonstruktion av undersökt gravanläggning. Raä 36:1 i Stige, Indal socken, Sundsvalls kommun, Medelpad. Umark 59. Umeå.

Larsson, Thomas B. 2011. Rapport över metalldetektorsökning i Ratahamn, maj 2011. Umark 60. Umeå.

Larsson, Thomas B. & Smeds, Ronny. 2012. Rapport över arkeologisk delundersökning av fem fångstgropar, Raä 152:1, Sorsele sn, Västerbottens län. Umark 61. Umeå.

Larsson, Thomas B. & Broström, Sven-Gunnar. 2011. The Rock Art of Nämforsen. The Survey 2001-2003. Umark 62. Umeå.

Viklund, Karin. 2011. Mångbyn, Lövångers sn, Skellefteå kommun, Västerbotten. Umeå universitets seminariegrävning 1983. Umark 63. Umeå.

117