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National Energy & Climate Plan

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National Energy & Climate Plan National Energy & Climate Plan 2021-2030 Preface This 2019 National Energy and Climate Plan (NECP) was prepared in accordance with Regulation (EU) 2018/1999 on the Governance of the Energy Union and Climate Action to incorporate all planned policies and measures that were identified up to the end of 2019 and which collectively deliver a 30% reduction by 2030 in non-ETS greenhouse gas emissions (from 2005 levels). A new European Commission introduced the European Green Deal at the end of 2019, clearly setting out increased levels of ambition for the EU as a whole and aims to deliver net- zero greenhouse gas emissions at EU level by 2050 and to increase the EU-wide greenhouse gas emissions reduction target from 40% to up to 55% by 2030. Delivering the Green Deal will require a transformation of the EU and national economies with sectors such as transport, the built environment, agriculture, industry, and energy all having to become more environmentally sustainable if the goal of decoupling economic growth from resource use is to be achieved. Following an election in early February, a new Government was formed in Ireland at the end of June. This new Government agreed an ambitious Programme for Government, Our Shared Future. Ireland is committed to achieving a 7% annual average reduction in greenhouse gas emissions between 2021 and 2030. This NECP was drafted in line with the current EU effort-sharing approach, before the Government committed to this higher level of ambition, and therefore does not reflect this higher commitment. Accordingly, Ireland is submitting this NECP in order to facilitate the ongoing analysis at EU level. It will be revised to bring it in line with the 7% trajectory and to include policies and measures currently being developed to achieve the 7% trajectory. Ireland is currently developing those policies and measures and intends to integrate the revision of the NECP into the process which will be required for increasing the overall EU contribution under the Paris Agreement. i Table of Contents Preface .................................................................................................................................. i Table of Contents ...................................................................................................................ii Table of Tables ..................................................................................................................... 1 Glossary................................................................................................................................ 4 Section A: National Plan ..................................................................................................... 10 1. Overview and Process For Establishing the Plan ............................................................ 10 1.1. Executive Summary .................................................................................................. 10 1.2. Overview of Current Policy Situation ......................................................................... 17 1.3. Consultations and Involvement of National and Union Entities and Their Outcome .. 22 1.4. Regional Co-operation in Preparing the Plan ............................................................ 25 2. National Objectives and Targets ..................................................................................... 29 2.1. Dimension Decarbonisation ...................................................................................... 29 2.1.1. GHG Emissions and Removals .......................................................................... 29 2.1.2. Renewable Energy ............................................................................................. 38 2.2. Dimension Energy Efficiency .................................................................................... 45 2.3. Dimension Energy Security....................................................................................... 48 2.4. Dimension Internal Energy Market ............................................................................ 54 2.4.1. Electricity Interconnectivity ................................................................................. 54 2.4.2. Energy Transmission Infrastructure .................................................................... 55 2.4.3. Market Integration .............................................................................................. 57 2.4.4. Energy Poverty .................................................................................................. 66 2.5. Dimension Research, Innovation and Competitiveness ............................................ 67 3. Policies and Measures .................................................................................................... 73 3.1. Dimension Decarbonisation ...................................................................................... 73 3.1.1. GHG Emissions and Removals .......................................................................... 73 3.1.2. Renewable Energy ............................................................................................. 83 ii 3.1.3. Other Elements of the Dimension ....................................................................... 95 3.2. Dimension Energy Efficiency .................................................................................. 125 3.3. Dimension Energy Security..................................................................................... 135 3.4. Dimension Internal Energy Market .......................................................................... 139 3.4.1. Electricity Infrastructure .................................................................................... 139 3.4.2. Energy Transmission Infrastructure .................................................................. 143 3.4.3. Market Integration ............................................................................................ 145 3.4.4. Energy Poverty ................................................................................................ 154 3.5. Dimension Research, Innovation and Competitiveness .......................................... 156 Section B: Analytical Basis ................................................................................................ 163 4. Current Situation and Projections with Existing Policies and Measures ......................... 163 4.1. Projected Evolution of Main Exogenous Factors Influencing Energy System and GHG Emission Developments ................................................................................................ 163 4.2. Dimension Decarbonisation .................................................................................... 167 4.2.1. GHG Emissions and Removals ........................................................................ 167 4.2.2. Renewable Energy ........................................................................................... 175 4.3. Dimension Energy Efficiency .................................................................................. 182 4.4. Dimension Energy Security..................................................................................... 188 4.5. Dimension Internal Energy Market .......................................................................... 194 4.5.1. Electricity Interconnectivity ............................................................................... 194 4.5.2. Energy Transmission Infrastructure .................................................................. 195 4.5.3. Electricity and Gas Markets, Energy Prices ...................................................... 200 4.6. Dimension Research, Innovation and Competitiveness .......................................... 206 5. Impact Assessment of Planned Policies and Measures ................................................ 222 5.1. Impacts of planned policies and measures described in section 3 on energy system and GHG emissions and removals, including comparison to projections with existing policies and measures (as described in section 4) ......................................................... 222 iii 5.2. Macroeconomic and, to the extent feasible, the health, environmental, employment and education, skills and social impacts including just transition aspects (in terms of costs and benefits as well as cost-effectiveness) of the planned policies and measures described in section 3 at least until the last year of the period covered by the plan, including comparison to projections with existing policies and measures ....................... 255 5.3. Overview of Investment Needs ............................................................................... 259 5.4. Impacts of planned policies and measures described in section 3 on other Member States and regional co-operation at least until the last year of the period covered by the plan, including comparison to projections with existing policies and measures .............. 266 iv Table of Tables Table 1: Key objectives, policies and measures of the plan ................................................ 17 Table 2: Projected trends in GHG emissions (WAM) ........................................................... 33 Table 3: Projections of sectoral developments (WAM) ........................................................ 33 Table 4: Trajectories for renewable heating and cooling, electricity and transport (WEM) ... 38 Table 5: Trajectories for renewable heating and cooling, electricity
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