SVP National Police Academy Journal June - 2018 Vol. LXVI, No. 1 Published by SVP National Police Academy Hyderabad ISSN 2395 - 2733 SVP NPA Journal June - 2018 EDITORIAL BOARD Chairperson Ms. D.R. Doley Barman, Director Members Shri Rajeev Sabharwal Joint Director (BC & R) Dr. K P A Ilyas AD (Publications) EXTERNAL MEMBERS Prof. Umeshwar Pandey Director, Centre for Organization Development, P.O. Cyberabad, Madhapur, Hyderabad - 500 081 Dr. S.Subramanian, IPS (Retd) Plot No. D - 38, Road No.7, Raghavendra Nagar, Opp. National Police Academy, Shivarampally, Hyderabad - 52 Shri H. J.Dora, IPS (Retd) Former DGP, Andhra Pradesh H.No. 204, Avenue - 7, Road No. 3, Banjara Hills, Hyderabad – 34 Shri V.N. Rai, IPS (Retd) 10 A, The Mall Karnal, Haryana. Shri Sankar Sen, IPS (Retd) Senior Fellow, Head, Human Rights Studies, Institute of Social Sciences, 8, Nelson Mandela Road, New Delhi - 110 070 ii Volume 66 Number 1 June - 2018 Contents 1 Indian Bureaucracy and Police Force: Dimensions of Institutional Corruption................................................................................... 1 Debabrata Banerjee, IPS 2 Crime and Punishment (Fallacies of the public discourse)........................ 26 Umesh Sharraf, IPS 3 Study of Facebook Usage Trends among Students & Precautions Based on Findings................................................................................ 44 Varun Kapoor, IPS 4 Currency at a Cryptic Crossroads: Decrypted....................................... 74 R.K. Karthikeyan, IPS 5 Implications of Federalism on National Security and Counter -Terrorism... 94 Arshita Aggarwal 6 Motivational Aspects in Police Forces.................................................. 113 Rohit Malpani, IPS 7 Organizational Strategies for Coping with Police Burnout in India..... 122 Prof. A.K. Saxena 8 Counter -Terrorism and Community Policing................................... 138 Shabir Ahmed 9 Adolescents and Caste Voilence with a Special Focus on Ramanathpuram District - A Case Study..................................................................... 144 Sarvesh Raj, IPS & Amanat Mann, IPS 10 Book Review: Designing Human Resource Management Systems - A Leader’s Guide..................................................................................................... 154 Prof. A.K. Saxena iii Sardar Vallabhbhai Patel National Police Academy Journal Vol. LXVI, No. 1, 1-25 Indian Bureaucracy and Police Force: Dimensions of Institutional Corruption DEBABRATA BANERJEE, IPS (Retd.)* It was July. Mussoorie, the queen of hill stations in U.P. was lush green, washed with the seasonal monsoon showers. Snow clad mountain peaks occasionally peeped through the gaps in floating clouds as the rains stopped. Charle Ville, Jaipur House, Savoy Annexe, Happy Valley lodges—all were spruced up to receive the young entrants to the All India Services for the next four months who would be there for the foundational course at the National Academy of Administration of India; and they had started coming. They came from all the states of the vast country, from the snowy Ladakh in the north to the southern tip of Kanyakumari washed by the Indian Ocean, from Arunachal Pradesh bordering China in the east to the Rann of Kutch overlooking Pakistan in the west. Young eager minds looking forward to their tryst with a new chapter of life full of anticipation of great things, may be moulding the desired shape of the destiny of the nation for the next three or four decades! Gone were the days of burning night oil, passing anxious moments about how they had fared in the exams, apprehensions about the future. Eyes bright, spring in their steps, wonderful arrangements for stay, ample scope for indoor and outdoor activities—life couldn’t have been better. While the majority of them settled down to a regime of self-restraint in the atmosphere of uninhibited freedom with everything within the reach beyond the routine activities of the Academy, some as it happens, wanted to cross the unmarked line on their own - just for fun unlimited. One of them, a *Belongs to the 1966 Batch (19th RR), West Bengal Cadre. SVP National Police Academy Journal, Vol. LXVI No.1 June, 2018 1 Debabrata Banerjee scion of a highly well-to-do family became far advanced in alcoholic pursuits, and no friendly advices, nor remonstrations could stop him. Every morning brought him hell, and every evening, a call to paradise. The obvious result was a visit to the medical room and a chat with the doctor. The result of the encounter transpired beyond all logic. Not only he promptly refused to go by the doctor’s advice involving a change in his life-style, his retort was he would stick to his own pursuits and do whatever he felt like doing - it was for the doctor to ensure his good health! Some had a hearty laugh, some sniggered,--but none could have it in their furthest imagination that this practical joke would be played on them for the rest of their career, and they would remain at the receiving end. Paradox of Democracy: India became a democracy in the 1950s. As resolved by the people of India, it first emerged as a sovereign democratic republic and as the time progressed it became socialist and secular as well. It was felt by the time that democracy was the best form of government, a time-tested one that could withstand two world wars within a period of two decades against states having an authoritarian regime. Moreover the ideals of liberty equality and fraternity as well as the different categories of human rights were well protected in the system. However by the Sixties, contrary voices pointing out its failings had started to appear. Bernard Crick in his book In Defence of Politics [Weidenfeld and Nicolson: London 1962 pp 51] had this to say— ‘Democracy is perhaps the most promiscuous word in the world of public affairs. She is everybody’s mistress and yet somehow retains her magic even when a lover sees that her favours are being, in his light, illicitly shared by many another. Indeed even amid our pain at being denied her exclusive fidelity, we are proud of the adaptability to all sorts of circumstances, to all sorts of company...(even the communists) are democratic in the sound historical sense of a majority consenting to be ruled in a popular way.’ A leading article in The Times, 16 November 1961 had this to say; Who has not often felt the distaste with democratic politics which Salazar expressed when he said that he ‘detested politics from the bottom of his heart; all those noisy and incoherent promises, the impossible demands , the hotchpotch of unfounded ideas and impracticable plans.... opportunism that cares neither for truth nor justice, the inglorious chase after unmerited fame, the unleashing of uncontrollable passions, the exploitation of the lowest instincts, the distortion of facts...all that feverish and sterile fuss’? 2 SVP National Police Academy Journal, Vol. LXVI No.1 June, 2018 Indian Bureaucracy and Police Force: Dimensions… How true it came for India! And it was saddled with another problem of its own that was not properly heeded to at the time of creation and reorganisation of states within the republic. It was the economic disparity and the growth potential of the states. This was to be taken care of at the time of allocation of resources and the varying graphs of prosperity in them was bound to give rise to severe conflict situations. The pluralistic society with different class compositions was another fertile ground to throw challenges to the federal administration often with veiled threats of cessation and violence emerging in the different corners of the country. The whole scenario was further confounded by the absence of leaders of national stature with the demise of the tall leaders who did fire the imagination of the people in the course of the struggle for independence;-and those who were left were busy with fighting either turf wars, or making their own places secure in their own regions. It did create some apprehension among the European thinkers whether a Balkanisation of India was in the offing. All this was to confront the budding administrators—the brunt to be faced mainly by the bureaucrats in the civil administration and the police. It would be worthwhile to have a look at how the situations unfolded. The scene unfolds: It was the day of the first general election of independent India. Our home was witnessing some frenzied activity seen only on festive occasions since the past couple of days. Dusty covers of age-old steel trunks and wooden boxes were being removed and the contents were coming out with appreciative strokes and sounds of admiration-wow! They still look so good! A black buttoned-up coat of a shiny material and a buff-colour chemise, never seen before, emerged from the depths of those boxes. The first was the relic of the official attire of the bench-clerk of the District Judge—an office served by my grandfather, and the second was the favourite one of my grandmother during her younger days. The rest of the family did not lag behind. My mother, aunts, including the domestic help-all put on their best and the patriarch led the family to the polling booth as Christians attend the church in their Sunday best. In the booth and around, it was all smiles and bon homie. We the children had a gala time romping around in the open playground within the booth campus. The next two elections I was in Calcutta pursuing my studies. The change in the ambience preceding the elections and the follow up were palpable. Friends and relations suddenly got divided to opposite camps, fraternity SVP National Police Academy Journal, Vol. LXVI No.1 June, 2018 3 Debabrata Banerjee yielded place to hostility. The indications were not far from clear. Divisions along political lines made their presence felt on every thread of the social fabric and the subsequent elections not only bore testimony to that, but expanded the fissures to gaping breaches in the community as a whole.