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Effect of Cementation on Cone Resistance in Sands: a Calibration Chamber Study

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Effect of Cementation on Cone Resistance in Sands: a Calibration Chamber Study Louisiana State University LSU Digital Commons LSU Historical Dissertations and Theses Graduate School 1993 Effect of Cementation on Cone Resistance in Sands: A Calibration Chamber Study. Anand Jagadeesh Puppala Louisiana State University and Agricultural & Mechanical College Follow this and additional works at: https://digitalcommons.lsu.edu/gradschool_disstheses Recommended Citation Puppala, Anand Jagadeesh, "Effect of Cementation on Cone Resistance in Sands: A Calibration Chamber Study." (1993). LSU Historical Dissertations and Theses. 5687. https://digitalcommons.lsu.edu/gradschool_disstheses/5687 This Dissertation is brought to you for free and open access by the Graduate School at LSU Digital Commons. It has been accepted for inclusion in LSU Historical Dissertations and Theses by an authorized administrator of LSU Digital Commons. For more information, please contact [email protected]. INFORMATION TO USERS This manuscript has been reproduced from the microfilm master. UMI films the text directly from the original or copy submitted. Thus, some thesis and dissertation copies are in typewriter face, while others may be from any type of computer printer. The quality of this reproduction is dependent upon the quality of the copy submitted. Broken or indistinct print, colored or poor quality illustrations and photographs, print bleedthrough, substandard margins, and improper alignment can adversely affect reproduction. In the unlikely event that the author did not send UMI a complete manuscript and there are missing pages, these will be noted. Also, if unauthorized copyright material had to be removed, a note will indicate the deletion. Oversize materials (e.g., maps, drawings, charts) are reproduced by sectioning the original, begimiing at the upper left-hand corner and continuing firom left to right in equal sections with small overlaps. Each original is also photographed in one exposure and is included in reduced form at the back of the book. Photographs included in the original manuscript have been reproduced xerographically in this copy. Higher quality 6" x 9" black and white photographic prints are available for any photographs or illustrations appearing in this copy for an additional charge. Contact UMI directly to order. University Microfilms International A Bell & Howell Information Company 300 Nortfi Zeeb Road. Ann Arbor. Ml 48106-1346 USA 313,'761-4700 800/521-0600 Reproduced with permission of the copyright owner. Further reproduction prohibited without permission. Reproduced with permission of the copyright owner. Further reproduction prohibited without permission. Order Number 9419941 Effect of cementation on cone resistance in sands: A calibration chamber study Puppaia, Anand Jagadeesh, Ph.D. The Louisiana State University and Agricultural and Mechanical Col., 1993 Copyright ©1994 by Puppaia, Anand Jagadeesh. All rights reserved. 300 N. Zeeb Rd. Ann Arbor, Ml 4SI06 Reproduced with permission of the copyright owner. Further reproduction prohibited without permission. Reproduced with permission of the copyright owner. Further reproduction prohibited without permission. EFFECT OF CEMENTATION ON CONE RESISTANCE IN SANDS: A CALIBRATION CHAMBER STUDY A Dissertation Submitted to the Graduate Faculty of the Louisiana State University and Agricultural and Mechanical College in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy in The Department of Civil Engineering IbY Anand Jagadeesh Puppaia B.S., Andhra University, Visakhapatnani. India, 1985 M.S., Indian Institute of Technology, Madras, India, 1987 May 1993 Reproduced with permission of the copyright owner. Further reproduction prohibited without permission. Acknowledgements I thank Prof. Yalcin B. Acar for his support, guidance and suggestions provided throughout the course of this research project. As an advisor, he provided the impetus and guidance for this study. His boundless energy, perseverance and the ability to cut complex concepts to simpler ones have provided the motivation and direction. His support, patience and particularly the friendship throughout this research are sincerely appreciated. I also thank Prof. Mehmet T. Tumay for his suggestions, guidance and friendship throughout this research. His help in providing the equipment for this research and also his suggestions for equipment design are greatly appreciated. I wish to extend particular thanks to Prof. Roger. K. Seals, Prof. George Z. Voyiadjis, Prof S. S. Iyengar, Prof Wije Wathugala for serving in my dissertation committee. Special thanks go to Prof. Roger K. Seals for his support during my association with him on the boiler slag project. Special thanks also go to Prof. Ilan Juran for serving in my general examination committee. I would also hke to thank Prof. K. Senneset of University of Trondheim, Trondheim, Norway for his detailed and meticulous description of J & S theory. The faculty and staff of Department of Civil Engineering have contributed to this work by their support and interest in this project. This study is supported by the National Science Foundation under Grant No. MSS-9020368 and Department of Civil Engineering. The author is grateful for the research assistantship provided. The calibration chamber used in this study was designed and fabricated by Dario de Lima under the guidance of Prof. Mehmet T. Tumay. The Louisiana Transportation Research Center has provided funding for this equipment under Grant No. 88-1 GT. This support is gratefully acknowledged. I would also like to thank Fugro-McClelland Engineers, Inc., Houston, Texas for providing the cone equipment for this study. I am also thankful to my friends, Rainer Echle and Gabriela Segarra for their constant encouragement, help and most importantly their friendship throughout this study. I also would hke to thank my brother Susheel and cousin Anil for their help in my study. I also would like to thank Sivakumar, A1 Lopez, Semih Arslan, Akram Reproduced with permission of the copyright owner. Further reproduction prohibited without permission. Alshwabekih, Ganesh and Loga, Pradeep Kurup, Raihan Taha, Wang Junxiong, Fatima Chajia and other friends for their help in my work. The value of their friendship will not be forgotten. I am also indebted to John and MaceUe Vincent, Bill Tierney for adding a lot to my life at LSU. I also hke to thank John, Bill and the staff at the machine shop who aided in the design and fabrication of the equipment. Laboratory support provided by Louisiana Transport Research Center is also acknowledged. 1 also would like to extend my gratitude for the help provided by Messrs. Paul Griffin, John Oglesby and Ken Johnston. I also would like to thank Chris Gascon, Mike Orcino and Court Bradford who assisted me in the experimental phase of my research. Their support, constant encouragement, wit and humor have kept me going. I also would like to thank all my other colleagues for their help during the calibration chamber testing. Finally, I would like to extend my sincere thanks to my beloved parents, sister, her husband and my beloved grandmother, and also to other members of my family. I have felt their love and caring throughout my life and appreciate their understanding and guidance. This dissertation is dedicated to my beloved parents. To My Mom and Dad . - Chinni 11] Reproduced with permission of the copyright owner. Further reproduction prohibited without permission. Contents Acknowledgements ii List of Tables viii List of Figures x List of Plates ^vii Abstract xviii 1 INTRODUCTION 1 1.1 Introduction .............................................................................................................. 1 1.2 Objectives ................................................................................................................. 5 1.3 Organization of the Manuscript and Sum m ary ........................................... 6 2 SYNTHESIS OF AVAILABLE INFORMATION 8 2.1 Introduction .............................................................................................................. 8 2.2 Engineering Behavior of Cemented Sands ...................................................... 9 2.2.1 Definitions and Physio-Chemical Characteristics .......................... 9 2.2.1.1 Cementation in S ands ......................................................... 11 2.2.1.2 Cementation in Collapsing Soils ........................................ 11 2.2.1.3 Cementation in R ocks ......................................................... 12 2.2.1.4 Structure of Cemented Granular Soils .......................... 12 2.2.2 Displacement Rate Controlled Stress-Deformation Behavior (Static B e h a v io r ) ................................................................................................... 13 2.2.3 Unconfined Compressive Strength, q j ............................................... 21 2.2.4 Hydraulic Conductivity ........................................................................... 22 2.2.5 Compressibility ......................................................................................... 22 2.2.6 Natural Versus Artificial Cementation ............................................... 24 2.2.7 Dynamic Characteristics - Introduction ............................................ 27 2.2.7.1 Large Strain Dynamic Stress-Deformation Behavior (Dynamic Triaxial T esting) .............................................. 28 2.2.7.2 Resonant Column Test (Low Strain Dynamic Behavior) 29 2.3 Cone Penetration Testing in Sands ................................................................
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