Tongcheng-Elong Holdings Limited (The “Company”) (Incorporated in the Cayman Islands with Limited Liability)

Total Page:16

File Type:pdf, Size:1020Kb

Tongcheng-Elong Holdings Limited (The “Company”) (Incorporated in the Cayman Islands with Limited Liability) The Stock Exchange of Hong Kong Limited and the Securities and Futures Commission take no responsibility for the contents of this Application Proof, make no representation as to its accuracy or completeness and expressly disclaim any liability whatsoever for any loss howsoever arising from or in reliance upon the whole or any part of the contents of this Application Proof. Application Proof of Tongcheng-Elong Holdings Limited (the “Company”) (Incorporated in the Cayman Islands with limited liability) WARNING The publication of this Application Proof is required by The Stock Exchange of Hong Kong Limited (the “Exchange”)/the Securities and Futures Commission (the “Commission”) solely for the purpose of providing information to the public in Hong Kong. This Application Proof is in draft form. The information contained in it is incomplete and is subject to change which can be material. By viewing this document, you acknowledge, accept and agree with the Company, its sponsors, advisers or member of the underwriting syndicate that: (a) this document is only for the purpose of providing information about the Company to the public in Hong Kong and not for any other purposes. No investment decision should be based on the information contained in this document; (b) the publication of this document or supplemental, revised or replacement pages on the Exchange’s website does not give rise to any obligation of the Company, its sponsors, advisers or members of the underwriting syndicate to proceed with an offering in Hong Kong or any other jurisdiction. There is no assurance that the Company will proceed with the offering; (c) the contents of this document or supplemental, revised or replacement pages may or may not be replicated in full or in part in the actual final listing document; (d) the Application Proof is not the final listing document and may be updated or revised by the Company from time to time in accordance with the Rules Governing the Listing of Securities on The Stock Exchange of Hong Kong Limited; (e) this document does not constitute a prospectus, offering circular, notice, circular, brochure or advertisement offering to sell any securities to the public in any jurisdiction, nor is it an invitation to the public to make offers to subscribe for or purchase any securities, nor is it calculated to invite offers by the public to subscribe for or purchase any securities; (f) this document must not be regarded as an inducement to subscribe for or purchase any securities, and no such inducement is intended; (g) neither the Company nor any of its affiliates, advisers or underwriters is offering, or is soliciting offers to buy, any securities in any jurisdiction through the publication of this document; (h) no application for the securities mentioned in this document should be made by any person nor would such application be accepted; (i) the Company has not and will not register the securities referred to in this document under the United States Securities Act of 1933, as amended, or any state securities laws of the United States; (j) as there may be legal restrictions on the distribution of this document or dissemination of any information contained in this document, you agree to inform yourself about and observe any such restrictions applicable to you; and (k) the application to which this document relates has not been approved for listing and the Exchange and the Commission may accept, return or reject the application for the subject public offering and/or listing. If an offer or an invitation is made to the public in Hong Kong in due course, prospective investors are reminded to make their investment decisions solely based on the Company’s prospectus registered with the Registrar of Companies in Hong Kong, copies of which will be distributed to the public during the offer period. THIS DOCUMENT IS IN DRAFT FORM, INCOMPLETE AND SUBJECT TO CHANGE AND THAT THE INFORMATION MUST BE READ IN CONJUNCTION WITH THE SECTION HEADED “WARNING” ON THE COVER OF THIS DOCUMENT. IMPORTANT If you have doubt about any of the contents in this [REDACTED], you should obtain independent professional advice. Tongcheng-Elong Holdings Limited (Incorporated in the Cayman Islands with limited liability) [REDACTED] Number of [REDACTED] under the : [REDACTED] Shares (subject to the [REDACTED] [REDACTED]) Number of [REDACTED] : [REDACTED] Shares (subject to reallocation) Number of [REDACTED] : [REDACTED] (subject to reallocation and the [REDACTED]) [REDACTED] : HK$[REDACTED] per [REDACTED] plus [REDACTED] of 1%, SFC transaction levy of 0.0027% and [REDACTED] trading fee of 0.005% (payable in full on application in Hong Kong dollars, subject to refund) Nominal value: : US$0.0005 per Share Stock Code : [REDACTED] Joint Sponsors Hong Kong Exchanges and Clearing Limited, The Stock Exchange of Hong Kong Limited and Hong Kong Securities Clearing Company Limited take no responsibility for the contents of this [REDACTED], make no representation as to its accuracy or completeness and expressly disclaim any liability whatsoever for any loss howsoever arising from or in reliance upon the whole or any part of the contents of this [REDACTED]. A copy of this [REDACTED], having attached thereto the documents specified in the section headed “Documents Delivered to the Registrar of Companies and available for inspection” in Appendix VI to this [REDACTED], has been registered by the Registrar of Companies in Hong Kong as required by section 342C of the Companies (Winding Up and Miscellaneous Provisions) Ordinance (Chapter 32 of the Laws of Hong Kong). The Securities and Futures Commission and the Registrar of Companies in Hong Kong take no responsibility for the contents of this [REDACTED] or any other document referred to above. The [REDACTED] is expected to be determined by agreement between the [REDACTED] (for themselves and on behalf of the [REDACTED]) and our Company on the [REDACTED]. The [REDACTED] is expected to be on or around [REDACTED] and, in any event, not later than [REDACTED]. The [REDACTED] will be not more than HK$[REDACTED] and is currently expected to be not less than HK$[REDACTED] unless otherwise announced. If, for any reason, the [REDACTED] is not agreed by [REDACTED] between the [REDACTED] (for itself and on behalf of the [REDACTED]) and our Company, the [REDACTED] will not proceed and will lapse. The [REDACTED] (on behalf of the [REDACTED]) may, with our consent, reduce the number of [REDACTED] being [REDACTED] under the [REDACTED] and/or the indicative [REDACTED] below that stated in this [REDACTED] at any time on or prior to the morning of the last day for lodging applications under the [REDACTED]. In such a case, an announcement will be published in the [South China Morning Post] (in English), [Hong Kong Economic Times] (in Chinese), and on the websites of the Stock Exchange www.hkexnews.hk and our Company www.tcelir.com not later than the morning of the day which is the last day for lodging applications under the [REDACTED]. For further information, please refer to the sections headed “Structure of the [REDACTED]” and “How to apply for the [REDACTED]” in this [REDACTED]. The obligations of the [REDACTED] under the [REDACTED] are subject to termination by the [REDACTED] (on behalf of the [REDACTED]) if certain grounds arise prior to 8:00 a.m. on the [REDACTED]. See “[REDACTED]” in this [REDACTED]. Prior to making an investment decision, prospective investors should consider carefully all of the information set out in this [REDACTED], including the risk factors set out in the section headed “Risk Factors” in this [REDACTED]. The [REDACTED] have not been and will not be registered under the U.S. Securities Act or any state securities law in the United States and may not be [REDACTED], sold, pledged, or transferred within the United States or to, or for the account or benefit of U.S. persons (as defined in Regulation S) except in transactions exempt from, or not subject to, the registration requirements of the U.S. Securities Act. The [REDACTED] are being [REDACTED] (i) solely to QIBs pursuant to an exemption from registration under the U.S. Securities Act and (ii) outside the United States in offshore transactions in accordance with Regulation S. [REDACTED] THIS DOCUMENT IS IN DRAFT FORM, INCOMPLETE AND SUBJECT TO CHANGE AND THAT THE INFORMATION MUST BE READ IN CONJUNCTION WITH THE SECTION HEADED “WARNING” ON THE COVER OF THIS DOCUMENT. EXPECTED TIMETABLE(1) [REDACTED] —ii— THIS DOCUMENT IS IN DRAFT FORM, INCOMPLETE AND SUBJECT TO CHANGE AND THAT THE INFORMATION MUST BE READ IN CONJUNCTION WITH THE SECTION HEADED “WARNING” ON THE COVER OF THIS DOCUMENT. EXPECTED TIMETABLE(1) [REDACTED] — iii — THIS DOCUMENT IS IN DRAFT FORM, INCOMPLETE AND SUBJECT TO CHANGE AND THAT THE INFORMATION MUST BE READ IN CONJUNCTION WITH THE SECTION HEADED “WARNING” ON THE COVER OF THIS DOCUMENT. EXPECTED TIMETABLE(1) [REDACTED] —iv— THIS DOCUMENT IS IN DRAFT FORM, INCOMPLETE AND SUBJECT TO CHANGE AND THAT THE INFORMATION MUST BE READ IN CONJUNCTION WITH THE SECTION HEADED “WARNING” ON THE COVER OF THIS DOCUMENT. CONTENTS IMPORTANT NOTICE TO PROSPECTIVE INVESTORS This [REDACTED] is issued by us solely in connection with the [REDACTED] and the [REDACTED] and does not constitute an [REDACTED] to sell or a solicitation of an [REDACTED] to buy any security other than the [REDACTED] by this [REDACTED] pursuant to the [REDACTED]. This [REDACTED] may not be used for the purpose of making, and does not constitute, an [REDACTED] or invitation in any other jurisdiction or in any other circumstances. No action has been taken to permit a [REDACTED] of the [REDACTED] in any jurisdiction other than Hong Kong and no action has been taken to permit the distribution of this [REDACTED] in any jurisdiction other than Hong Kong. The distribution of this [REDACTED] for purposes of a [REDACTED] and the [REDACTED] and sale of the [REDACTED] in other jurisdictions are subject to restrictions and may not be made except as permitted under the applicable securities laws of such jurisdictions pursuant to registration with or authorization by the relevant securities regulatory authorities or an exemption therefrom.
Recommended publications
  • Environmental Methodology and Data Update 2020
    EcoTransIT World Environmental Methodology and Data Update 2020 commissioned by EcoTransIT World Initiative (EWI) Document writing Version Date Writer Modification 1.0 28.08.2020 R. Anthes Document creation 2.0 31.05.2021 R. Anthes, B. Notter, K. Methodology Update 2020 Biemann, K. Dobers, other General Contact Ingenieurgesellschaft für Verkehrs- und Eisenbahnwesen mbH Consulting Company for Traffic and Railway Engineering Ltd. Lützerodestr. 10, 30161 Hannover, Germany Project Manager: Dipl.-Ing. Ralph Anthes | Dr.-Ing. Alena Schmidt +49 511 897668-18 | +49 511 897668-19 +49 511 897668-10 (Secretariat) [email protected] In Cooperation with Infras AG – Consulting, Analysis and Research Berne, Switzerland Ifeu – Institut für Energie- und Umweltforschung Heidelberg, Germany Fraunhofer Institute for Material Flow and Logistics IML Dortmund, Germany Responsibilities Topic Contact Contact Address Truck, Train, Energy Supply Kirsten Biemann, ifeu [email protected] Wolfram Knörr, ifeu [email protected] Christoph Heidt, ifeu [email protected] Sea ship Benedikt Notter, INFRAS [email protected] Inland ship Benedikt Notter, INFRAS [email protected] Christoph Heidt, ifeu [email protected] Aircraft Hans-Jörg Althaus, INFRAS [email protected] Logistic Sites Kerstin Dobers, Fraunhofer IML [email protected] Business Solutions, Ralph Anthes, IVE [email protected] Routing, GIS-Data, Alena Schmidt, IVE alena.schmidt@ivembh,de Table of contents Document writing ......................................................................................................................
    [Show full text]
  • Industrial Reform and Air Transport Development in China
    INDUSTRIAL REFORM AND AIR TRANSPORT DEVELOPMENT IN CHINA Anming Zhang Department of Economics University of Victoria Victoria, BC Canada and Visiting Professor, 1996-98 Department of Economics and Finance City University of Hong Kong Hong Kong Occasional Paper #17 November 1997 Table of Contents Abstract ..................................................................... i Acknowledgements ............................................................ i I. INTRODUCTION .........................................................1 II. INDUSTRIAL REFORM ....................................................3 III. REFORMS IN THE AIRLINE INDUSTRY .....................................5 IV. AIR TRANSPORT DEVELOPMENT AND COMPETITION .......................7 A. Air Traffic Growth and Route Development ................................7 B. Market Structure and Route Concentration ................................10 C. Airline Operation and Competition ......................................13 V. CONCLUDING REMARKS ................................................16 References ..................................................................17 List of Tables Table 1: Model Split in Non-Urban Transport in China ................................2 Table 2: Traffic Volume in China's Airline Industry ...................................8 Table 3: Number of City-pair Routes in China's Airline Industry .........................8 Table 4: Overview of Chinese Airline Performance, 1980-94 ............................9 Table 5: Traffic Performed by China's Airlines
    [Show full text]
  • Estimating Energy Consumption of Transport Modes in China Using DEA
    Sustainability 2015, 7, 4225-4239; doi:10.3390/su7044225 OPEN ACCESS sustainability ISSN 2071-1050 www.mdpi.com/journal/sustainability Article Estimating Energy Consumption of Transport Modes in China Using DEA Weibin Lin 1,3, Bin Chen 2,3,*, Lina Xie 1,3 and Haoran Pan 1 1 School of Economics and Resource Management, Beijing Normal University, Beijing 100875, China; E-Mails: [email protected] (W.L.); [email protected] (L.X); [email protected] (H.P.) 2 School of Environment, Beijing Normal University, Beijing 100875, China 3 China Energy Research Society, Beijing 100045, China * Authors to whom correspondence should be addressed; E-Mail: [email protected]; Tel./Fax: +86-10-5880-7368. Academic Editor: Jack Barkenbus Received: 26 February 2015 / Accepted: 3 April 2015 / Published: 10 April 2015 Abstract: The rapid growth of transport requirements in China will incur increasing transport energy demands and associated environmental pressures. In this paper, we employ a generalized data envelopment analysis (DEA) to evaluate the relative energy efficiency of rail, road, aviation and water transport from 1971 to 2011 by considering the energy input and passenger-kilometers (PKM) and freight ton-kilometers (TKM) outputs. The results show that the optimal energy efficiencies observed in 2011 are for rail and water transport, with the opposite observed for the energy efficiencies of aviation and road transport. In addition, we extend the DEA model to estimate future transport energy consumption in China. If each transport mode in 2020 is optimized throughout the observed period, the national transport energy consumption in 2020 will reach 497,701 kilotons coal equivalent (ktce), whereas the annual growth rate from 2011 to 2020 will be 5.7%.
    [Show full text]
  • New Energy Buses in China Overview on Policies and Impacts Published By: Deutsche Gesellschaft Für Internationale Zusammenarbeit (GIZ) Gmbh
    New Energy Buses in China Overview on Policies and Impacts Published by: Deutsche Gesellschaft für Internationale Zusammenarbeit (GIZ) GmbH Registered offices Bonn and Eschborn Address Tayuan Diplomatic Office Building 2-5 14 Liangmahe South Street, Chaoyang District 100600 Beijing, P. R. China T +86 (0)10 8527 5589 F +86 (0)10 8527 5591 E [email protected] I www.sustainabletransport.org This publication is a product of the Sino-German Cooperation on Low Carbon Transport which, implemented by GIZ, is part of the International Climate Initiative (IKI). The Federal Ministry for the Environment, Nature Conservation and Nuclear Safety (BMU) supports this initiative on the basis of a decision adopted by the German Bundestag. Author: China Automotive Technology and Reseach Center Co.,Ltd CATARC (Li Lumiao, Yao Zhanhui) Editing: GIZ (Sebastian Ibold, Sun Shengyang, Shen Lei) Layout: GIZ (Sebastian Ibold, Shen Lei) Sources and photo credits:: CATARC if not stated differently URL links: Responsibility for the content of external websites linked in this publication always lies with their respective publishers. GIZ expressly dissociates itself from such content. GIZ is responsible for the content of this publication. Beijing, 2020 New Energy Buses in China Overview on Policies and Impacts Table of Contents Background 5 1. Overview on the development of NEVs in China 5 2. Responsibilities of departments for the promotion of urban buses 6 3. Overview on policies and subsidies for the promotion of New Energy Buses 7 3.1 New Energy Bus policies on national level 7 3.2 New Energy Bus policies on provincial/municipal level 10 3.3 Policy implementation effects 12 4.
    [Show full text]
  • The Art of Diplomacy: the Role of Exhibitions in the Development of Taiwan- China Relations
    This may be the author’s version of a work that was submitted/accepted for publication in the following source: McIntyre, Sophie (2015) The art of diplomacy: The role of exhibitions in the development of Taiwan- China relations. Journal of Curatorial Studies, 4(1), pp. 56-77. This file was downloaded from: https://eprints.qut.edu.au/119934/ c Consult author(s) regarding copyright matters This work is covered by copyright. Unless the document is being made available under a Creative Commons Licence, you must assume that re-use is limited to personal use and that permission from the copyright owner must be obtained for all other uses. If the docu- ment is available under a Creative Commons License (or other specified license) then refer to the Licence for details of permitted re-use. It is a condition of access that users recog- nise and abide by the legal requirements associated with these rights. If you believe that this work infringes copyright please provide details by email to [email protected] Notice: Please note that this document may not be the Version of Record (i.e. published version) of the work. Author manuscript versions (as Sub- mitted for peer review or as Accepted for publication after peer review) can be identified by an absence of publisher branding and/or typeset appear- ance. If there is any doubt, please refer to the published source. https://doi.org/10.1386/jcs.4.1.56_1 Journal of Curatorial Studies Special Issue: China: Curating, Exhibitions and Display Culture TITLE OF PAPER: The Art of Diplomacy: the role of art in the development of Taiwan- China relations ABSTRACT: In 2009 and 2011, Taiwan’s premier public art museum, the Taipei Fine Arts Museum (TFAM) presented two major solo exhibitions by prominent Chinese artists Cai Guo- Qiang and Ai Weiwei.
    [Show full text]
  • Shanghai Urbanism: Reflections from the Outside In
    Shanghai Urbanism: Reflections from the Outside In AUTHORED JOINTLY BY: UTE LEHRER PAUL BAILEY CARA CHELLEW ANTHONY J. DIONIGI JUSTIN FOK VICTORIA HO PRISCILLA LAN CHUNG YANG DILYA NIEZOVA NELLY VOLPERT CATHY ZHAO MCRI ii| Page Executive Summary This report was prepared by graduate students who took part in York University’s Critical Urban Planning Workshop, held in Shanghai, China in May of 2015. Instructed by Professor Ute Lehrer, the course was offered in the context of the Major Collaborative Research Initiative on Global Suburbanisms, a multi-researcher project analyzing how the phenomenon of contemporary population growth, which is occurring rapidly in the suburbs, is creating new stresses and opportunities with respect to land, governance, and infrastructure. As a rapidly growing city, Shanghai is exposed to significant challenges with regard to social, economic, environmental, and cultural planning. The workshop was rich in exposure to a myriad of analyses and landscapes, combining lectures, field trips, and meetings with local academics, planners, and activists, our group learned about the successes and challenges facing China’s most populous city. Indeed, this place-based workshop allowed for spontaneous exploration outside of the traditional academic spheres as well, and therefore the reflections shared in this report encompass the more ordinary, experiential side of navigating Shanghai’s metro system, restaurants, streets, and parks in daily life. As a rapidly growing city, Shanghai has achieved numerous successes and faces significant challenges with regard to land-use, social, economic, environmental and cultural planning. As a team of prospective planners with diverse backgrounds, we met with local academics, planners, and activists, and engaged in lectures and field research in Shanghai and nearby towns with the aim to learn from the planning context in Shanghai.
    [Show full text]
  • Transport Corridors and Regional Balance in China: the Case of Coal Trade and Logistics Chengjin Wang, César Ducruet
    Transport corridors and regional balance in China: the case of coal trade and logistics Chengjin Wang, César Ducruet To cite this version: Chengjin Wang, César Ducruet. Transport corridors and regional balance in China: the case of coal trade and logistics. Journal of Transport Geography, Elsevier, 2014, 40, pp.3-16. halshs-01069149 HAL Id: halshs-01069149 https://halshs.archives-ouvertes.fr/halshs-01069149 Submitted on 28 Sep 2014 HAL is a multi-disciplinary open access L’archive ouverte pluridisciplinaire HAL, est archive for the deposit and dissemination of sci- destinée au dépôt et à la diffusion de documents entific research documents, whether they are pub- scientifiques de niveau recherche, publiés ou non, lished or not. The documents may come from émanant des établissements d’enseignement et de teaching and research institutions in France or recherche français ou étrangers, des laboratoires abroad, or from public or private research centers. publics ou privés. Transport corridors and regional balance in China: the case of coal trade and logistics Dr. Chengjin WANG Key Laboratory of Regional Sustainable Development Modeling Institute of Geographical Sciences and Natural Resources Research Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China Email: [email protected] Dr. César DUCRUET1 National Centre for Scientific Research (CNRS) UMR 8504 Géographie-cités F-75006 Paris, France Email: [email protected] Pre-final version of the paper published in Journal of Transport Geography, special issue on “The Changing Landscapes of Transport and Logistics in China”, Vol. 40, pp. 3-16. Abstract Coal plays a vital role in the socio-economic development of China. Yet, the spatial mismatch between production centers (inland Northwest) and consumption centers (coastal region) within China fostered the emergence of dedicated coal transport corridors with limited alternatives.
    [Show full text]
  • The Evolution of China's International Aviation Markets from a Policy Perspective on Air Passenger Flows
    sustainability Article The Evolution of China’s International Aviation Markets from a Policy Perspective on Air Passenger Flows Jiaoe Wang 1,2, Haoran Yang 3,4,* and Han Wang 5 1 Key Laboratory of Regional Sustainable Development Modeling, Institute of Geographic Sciences and Natural Resources Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China 2 College of Resources and Environment, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China 3 School of Urban and Regional Science, East China Normal University, 500 Dongchuan Road, Minhang District, Shanghai 200241, China 4 The Center for Modern Chinese City Studies, East China Normal University, 3663 North Zhongshan Road, Putuo District, Shanghai 200062, China 5 Air Transport Institute, China Academy of Civil Aviation Science and Technology, Beijing 100028, China * Correspondence: [email protected] Received: 25 April 2019; Accepted: 24 June 2019; Published: 28 June 2019 Abstract: China’s international air transportation has experienced tremendous growth and major reforms over the past two decades. While there has been a considerable discussion on the evolution of China’s domestic aviation market, studies on China’s international aviation markets have been limited. This paper first describes the historical development of China’s international aviation market and then, based on actual origin/destination (O/D) passenger flow data, explores the relevant evolution of China’s international air networks from the perspectives of the spatial distribution of international air networks and clustering characteristics of international air passengers. The development of China’s international aviation market can be attributable to the deregulation process in China’s aviation market and a broad “opening up” strategy in the global forum after 1990.
    [Show full text]
  • The Circular Economy Opportunity for Urban & Industrial Innovation
    THE CIRCULAR ECONOMY OPPORTUNITY FOR URBAN & INDUSTRIAL 1 INNOVATION IN CHINA • ELLEN MACARTHUR FOUNDATION THE CIRCULAR ECONOMY OPPORTUNITY FOR URBAN & INDUSTRIAL INNOVATION IN CHINA REPAIR STORE STORE MANUFACTURER AUTO REPAIR STORE REPAIR REPAIR THE CIRCULAR ECONOMY OPPORTUNITY FOR URBAN & INDUSTRIAL 2 INNOVATION IN CHINA • ELLEN MACARTHUR FOUNDATION THE CIRCULAR ECONOMY OPPORTUNITY FOR URBAN & INDUSTRIAL 3 INNOVATION IN CHINA • ELLEN MACARTHUR FOUNDATION CONTENTS Preface 4 In support of this report 5 Acknowledgements 6 Executive summary 10 Vision for circular cities in China 12 Opportunities 14 Benefits 15 Summary of findings 17 1. An auspicious time for an ambitious circular economy agenda 27 2. Circular economy - a systemic approach 35 3. Opportunities in three urban systems and two industry sectors 41 Built environment: designing buildings to be modular, shareable, and reusable 43 Mobility: shifting the focus to moving people not vehicles 57 Nutrition: creating a regenerative urban food system 71 Textiles: maximising the utilisation and value of fabrics 89 Electronics: redesigning products for reuse and recovery 105 4. How to realise the opportunities in cities 117 Technical Appendix 132 Endnotes 155 THE CIRCULAR ECONOMY OPPORTUNITY FOR URBAN & INDUSTRIAL 4 INNOVATION IN CHINA • ELLEN MACARTHUR FOUNDATION PREFACE Throughout their history, China’s cities have been important centres of ground-breaking ideas in technology and urban planning. Established in the early Ming dynasty, Beijing’s originally square urban form drew on the teachings of the Kaogong Ji, a Confucian text dating from the fifth century BC that provided guidance on the size, orientation, and shape of cities, which it deemed should be designed as direct representations of the cosmos.
    [Show full text]
  • Bus Rapid Transit in China: a Comparison of Design Features with International Systems
    WORKING PAPER BUS RAPID TRANSIT IN CHINA: A COMPARISON OF DESIGN FEATURES WITH INTERNATIONAL SYSTEMS JUAN MIGUEL VELÁSQUEZ, THET HEIN TUN, DARIO HIDALGO, CAMILA RAMOS, PABLO GUARDA, ZHONG GUO, AND XUMEI CHEN EXECUTIVE SUMMARY Globally, bus rapid transit (BRT) has proved itself to CONTENTS be a high-capacity public transport mode that can be Executive Summary .......................................1 implemented in short time frames and at relatively low 1. Introduction ............................................. 2 capital cost. Its benefits—reducing greenhouse gas and local air pollutant emissions, improving traffic safety, and 2. Overview of BRT Systems in China ................... 5 reducing passenger travel times—are well documented. 3. Review of the Literature .............................. 10 4. Methodology ............................................11 BRT can play an important role in China, contributing to 5. Findings and the Way Forward ...................... 15 sustainability in the urban transport sector and beyond. Recognizing its importance, China has set a national 6. Conclusion .............................................26 goal of implementing 5,000 kilometers of BRT by 2020 Appendix .................................................. 27 (MOT 2013a). As of 2015, China had implemented 2,991 References ...............................................28 kilometers of BRT, according to the China Academy of Endnotes.................................................. 31 Transportation Sciences. To reach its goal, it will therefore
    [Show full text]
  • Sustainability Analysis of Chinese Transport Policy
    This is a repository copy of Sustainability analysis of Chinese transport policy. White Rose Research Online URL for this paper: http://eprints.whiterose.ac.uk/2010/ Article: Mao, B. and Chen, H. (2001) Sustainability analysis of Chinese transport policy. International Journal of Sustainable Development and World Ecology, 8 (4). pp. 323-336. ISSN 1745-1604 Reuse See Attached Takedown If you consider content in White Rose Research Online to be in breach of UK law, please notify us by emailing [email protected] including the URL of the record and the reason for the withdrawal request. [email protected] https://eprints.whiterose.ac.uk/ White Rose Research Online http://eprints.whiterose.ac.uk/ Institute of Transport Studies University of Leeds This is an author produced version of a paper published in the International Journal of Sustainable Development and World Ecology. This paper has been peer-reviewed but does not include final publisher proof-corrections or journal pagination. White Rose Research Online URL for this paper: http://eprints.whiterose.ac.uk/2010/ Published paper Mao B.; Chen, H. (2001) Sustainability Analysis of Chinese Transport Policy. International Journal of Sustainable Development and World Ecology, 8(4), pp.323-336. White Rose Consortium ePrints Repository [email protected] Sustainability analysis of Chinese transport policy Baohua Mao School of Traffic and Transportation, Northern Jiaotong University, Beijing 100044, P. R. China Haibo Chen* Institute for Transport Studies, University of Leeds, Leeds LS2 9JT, UK Headline title: Chinese Transport Keywords: Chinese transport, sustainability, transport policy, energy consumption, and environment protection. *Corresponding author: Dr Haibo Chen, Institute for Transport Studies, University of Leeds, Leeds LS2 9JT, UK Tel: (+44) 0113 2335341, Fax: (+44) 0113 2335334 SUMMARY: Whilst the world economy is developed, the life and development of human beings have been threatened by the imbalance among environmental and ecological aspects.
    [Show full text]
  • Sustainable Transportation Strategies for Third-World Development
    TRANSPORTATION RESEARCH RECORD 1294 Sustainable Transportation Strategies for Third-World Development MICHAEL A. REPLOGLE Current transportation policies in developing countries, forces Transportation engineers, planners, and policy makers have shaping these policies, and the implications of current policies for tended to focus most of their attention on the higher-cost low-income people, the environment, and economic development motorized transportation modes when studying transportation are discussed. Current policies favor rapid motorization of trans­ systems, identifying policy options, and offering investment port to the detriment of modal diversity and nonmotorized modes, such as bicycles, cycle-rickshaws, and pedestrians. Such policies, plans. Traditional nonmotorized and low-cost transportation rather than fostering real development, accelerate global climate modes-such as bicycles, carts, trishaws, small locally pro­ change, increase air pollution, and weaken petroleum-importing duced boats, and oxcarts-have generally been ignored or economies, while often increasing inequality, social conflict, and dismissed without study as backward and inefficient. Few data poverty. Economic efficiency is diminished by decreased diversity have been collected about these modes, reinforcing the in urban transportation systems, forcing people to conform to the impression among many that they are of little consequence. few higher-cost ways of traveling offered rather than allow these movements to be made by the most appropriate and affordable The
    [Show full text]