PROBLEM WORKBOOK Holt Physics Problem Workbook This workbook contains additional worked-out samples and practice problems for each of the problem types from the Holt Physics text. Contributing Writers Boris M. Korsunsky Physics Instructor Science Department Northfield Mount Hermon School Northfield, MA Angela Berenstein Science Writer Urbana, IL John Stokes Science Writer Socorro, NM Cover Photo: Lawrence Manning/CORBIS Cover Design: Jason Wilson Copyright © by Holt, Rinehart and Winston All rights reserved. No part of this publication may be reproduced or transmitted in any form or by any means, electronic or mechanical, including photocopy, recording, or any information storage and retrieval system, without permission in writing from the publisher. Teachers using HOLT PHYSICS may photocopy blackline masters in complete pages in sufficient quantities for classroom use only and not for resale. Printed in the United States of America ISBN 0-03-057337-8 1 2 3 4 5 6 095 05 04 03 02 01 Contents Section Title Page Sample and Practice 1A Metric Prefixes. 1 Sample and Practice 2A Average Velocity and Displacement . 3 Sample and Practice 2B Average Acceleration . 5 Sample and Practice 2C Displacement with Constant Acceleration. 7 Sample and Practice 2D Velocity and Displacement with Constant Acceleration . 9 Sample and Practice 2E Final Velocity After Any Displacement . 12 Sample and Practice 2F Falling Object . 14 Sample and Practice 3A Finding Resultant Magnitude and Direction . 16 Sample and Practice 3B Resolving Vectors . 18 Sample and Practice 3C Adding Vectors Algebraically . 20 Sample and Practice 3D Projectiles Launched Horizontally. 22 Sample and Practice 3E Projectiles Launched at an Angle . 24 Sample and Practice 3F Relative Velocity. 27 Sample and Practice 4A Net External Force . 29 Sample and Practice 4B Newton’s Second Law . 31 Sample and Practice 4C Coefficients of Friction. 35 Sample and Practice 4D Overcoming Friction . 37 Sample and Practice 5A Work . 39 Sample and Practice 5B Kinetic Energy. 42 Sample and Practice 5C Work-Kinetic Energy Theorem. 44 Sample and Practice 5D Potential Energy . 47 Sample and Practice 5E Conservation of Mechanical Energy . 50 Sample and Practice 5F Power . 53 Sample and Practice 6A Momentum . 54 Sample and Practice 6B Force and Impulse . 56 Sample and Practice 6C Stopping Distance . 58 Sample and Practice 6D Conservation of Momentum . 60 Sample and Practice 6E Perfectly Inelastic Collision . 63 Sample and Practice 6F Kinetic Energy in Perfectly Copyright ©Copyright Holt, RinehartWinston. by and All rights reserved. Inelastic Collisions . 66 Sample and Practice 6G Elastic Collisions . 68 Sample and Practice 7A Angular Displacement. 70 Sample and Practice 7B Angular Speed . 72 Contents iii Section Title Page Sample and Practice 7C Angular Acceleration . 73 Sample and Practice 7D Angular Kinematics . 75 Sample and Practice 7E Tangential Speed . 77 Sample and Practice 7F Tangential Acceleration . 79 Sample and Practice 7G Centripetal Acceleration . 80 Sample and Practice 7H Force That Maintains Circular Motion . 81 Sample and Practice 7I Gravitational Force . 83 Sample and Practice 8A Torque . 85 Sample and Practice 8B Rotational Equilibrium . 88 Sample and Practice 8C Newton's Second Law for Rotation. 91 Sample and Practice 8D Conservation of Angular Momentum . 94 Sample and Practice 8E Conservation of Mechanical Energy . 96 Sample and Practice 9A Buoyant Force . 98 Sample and Practice 9B Pressure . 100 Sample and Practice 9C Pressure as a Function of Depth . 102 Sample and Practice 9D Bernoulli’s Equation . 104 Sample and Practice 9E Gas Laws . 106 Sample and Practice 10A Temperature Conversion . 108 Sample and Practice 10B Conservation of Energy. 109 Sample and Practice 10C Calorimetry . 111 Sample and Practice 10D Heat of Phase Change. 113 Sample and Practice 11A Work Done on or by a Gas . 115 Sample and Practice 11B The First Law of Thermodynamics . 116 Sample and Practice 11C Heat-Engine Efficiency . 118 Sample and Practice 12A Hooke’s Law . 119 Sample and Practice 12B Simple Harmonic Motion of a Simple Pendulum . 121 Sample and Practice 12C Simple Harmonic Motion of a Mass-Spring System . 122 Sample and Practice 12D Wave Speed . 123 Sample and Practice 13A Intensity of Sound Waves . 124 Sample and Practice 13B Harmonics . 125 Sample and Practice 14A Electromagnetic Waves . 126 Copyright ©Copyright Holt, RinehartWinston. by and All rights reserved. Sample and Practice 14B Concave Mirrors . 127 Sample and Practice 14C Convex Mirrors . 129 iv Contents Section Title Page Sample and Practice 15A Snell’s Law. 131 Sample and Practice 15B Lenses . 132 Sample and Practice 15C Critical Angle . 135 Sample and Practice 16A Interference . 136 Sample and Practice 16B Diffraction Gratings . 138 Sample and Practice 17A Coulomb’s Law. 140 Sample and Practice 17B The Superposition Principle . 142 Sample and Practice 17C Equilibrium . 145 Sample and Practice 17D Electric Field Strength . 148 Sample and Practice 18A Electrical Potential Energy . 151 Sample and Practice 18B Potential Difference. 153 Sample and Practice 18C Capacitance . 156 Sample and Practice 19A Current . ..