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Traditional Medicinal Plants in Ethiopia Pdf Traditional medicinal plants in ethiopia pdf Continue 3.1 Ethiopia's medicinal plant resources are characterized by a wide range of environmental, edafi and climatic conditions, which account for a wide variety of its biological resources, both in terms of flora and in terms of the richness of fauna. The country's plant genetic resources show great diversity, as evidenced by the fact that Ethiopia is one of the twelve Wavilian centres of origin of domesticated crops and their wild and native. According to recent studies, it is estimated that more than 7,000 species of flowering plants have been registered in Ethiopia, of which 12 per cent or more are likely to be endemic. Medicinal plants are one of the important components of vegetation. On record there are 600 species of medicinal plants that make up just over 10 percent of Ethiopia's vascular flora. They are distributed throughout the country with a greater concentration in the south and south-west of the country. Ethiopia's forests are the source of most medicinal plants, followed by mountain meadows/dry mountain plateau forest complex. Other important types of vegetation for medicinal plants are evergreen shrubs and rocky areas. More than 85 per cent of the rural population, as well as an increasing number of poor people in urban centres, as well as livestock use many of the plants available, as well as wildlife products and minerals, as the primary source of health in combating various physical and mental health problems. The value and role of these traditional health systems will not diminish in the future, as they are both culturally viable and are expected to remain accessible, while modern health care is limited and expensive. Ethiopia has a long history of traditional health care, based mainly on rich, albeit non-standard, pharmacopeies, taken mainly from plants used by both women at home in self-government and by traditional practitioners (THPs). The effectiveness of some of these plants (Hagenia abyssinica) and Glinus lotoides from the treatment of tapeworm, and Phytolacca dodecandra as a mollusc in the fight against schistosomiasis) has been scientifically determined, but the safety and efficacy of many others in the treatment of various diseases remains underdeveloped. However, many of these plant species used in traditional systems by women and THPs are becoming rare and limited in distribution; they are threatened by several factors, both man-made and natural. Environmental degradation, agricultural expansion, loss of forests and forests, re-harvesting, fires and urbanization appear to pose a major threat to the country's medicinal plants. Danger is, of course, a serious threat to the future population that for generations has relied on these resources to combat the ailments of both people Pets. 3.2 The use and marketing of medicinal plants and products has been going on for ages in Ethiopia. Forests continue to be the main source of these plants. A small proportion of the harvested plants are used to treat diseases, most of which are sold as raw herbs and mainly for domestic consumption. The trade in raw herbs goes through three channels, namely collectors, sellers and practitioners. Organized and documented information on the use and marketing of medicinal plants in Ethiopia is fragmentary. Although there is literature in traditional medicine, it does not include any economic value of plant medicine, which brings income to people who practice it for their livelihood. The marketing and sale of traditional medicine is part of the overall market situation in the country. Famous people in rural settlements, herbal clinics, village markets, cities, etc., are large outlets where people buy their herbal medicines. In Ethiopia, traditional practitioners are classified as herbalists, bonesetters, traditional midwives, spiritual healers, divines and magicians. Although herbalists are considered to be the largest group that use medicinal plants, all practitioners in one way or another use plant and plant products in their practice. The Sheet Cloisonne amisata, Lippia adoensis and Ficus sur are used by midwives to wash the bodies of pregnant women after childbirth. Tables 9 and 10 below show the most common medicinal plants found in clinics and sold by sellers in rural Ethiopian markets. Table 10. Medicinal plants obtained from the clinics-practitioners Scientific name Medicine used for the part used price for treatment (Eth Birr) Calendula officinal hemorrhoid leaf 150 eucalyptus globules skeletal muscle problem sheet oil 250 Matricaria chamomile headache leaf 150 Rosmarinus officinal nerve manipulation, when partially paralyze the entire plant 300 Datura stromnium chronic cough, asthma seeds 150 Taraxacum official, Lactuca spp., Marubium vulgaris, Cynara scolymus hepatitis leaf 250 Verbascum hemorrhoid , Eye disease leaf, flower 250 Coriandrums sativum, Taraxacum official fetus of hepatitis, leaf 250 Ricinus communism, Solanum giganteum leaf of skin diseases, seeds and fruits 100 Marubium vulgar chronic cough, cold leaf, bark 150 Source: Desgne Desissa, 1997 Table 11. The most common medicinal plants are sold by suppliers in the markets Scientific name Unit of Price Measurement (Eth. Birr) Hagenia abyssinica kg 30 Embelia schimperi cupful 5 Ximenia americana cupful 10 Croton macrostahis soup spoon 15 Euphorbia ampliphylla tablets 50 Tamarindus indica 30 Corindium sativum kg 10 Lupinus albus soup spoon 15 Ricinus communism, kg 15 Rumex abyssinicus soup spoon 5 Rumex nerve soup spoon 30 Adathoda shimperian soup spoon 50 Asparagus Asparagus Asparagus teaspoon 25 Bersama abyssinica soup spoon 50 Kalenchoe petitiana soup spoon 10 Olea Africana soup spoon 80 Doviyalis abssinica soup spoon 5 Source: Dessalegne Dessisa, 1997. 3.3 The condition of medicinal plants Assessing the threat to medicinal plants can be made from the type of plant and parts used. Harvesting the root of a tree is a greater threat than picking fruit and seeds, and it can be more threatening than using leaves. The plants used, as recorded in Jensen's list, are often confirmed from notes on sample labels. The share of plants on the list is as follows: Part Used Percentage Ash 1 Bark 6 Bulb/tuber 1.7 Flower 2.5 Fruit 13 Gum/Resin 2 Grass/Stem 26 Leaf 43 Root 25 Sap 10 Seed 13 Smoke 2.5 Wood 0.5 Interesting note that the high proportion of plants used for their leaves. This indicates that many medicinal plants are used in a sustainable manner. However, it also showed that about a quarter of the plants used are harvested for their roots, tubers or bulbs. These species need special attention to determine their status and what measures should or can be taken to preserve them. 1.Abramov B: Traditional medicine. World Health Organization. 1996, 134: 1-3. Google Scholar 2.Farnsworth NR: The role of medicinal plants in the development of medicines. Natural products and drug development. Edited by: Krogsgaard-Larsen S, Brogger-Christensen S, Kofod H. 1994, Copenhagen: Munksgaard, 34-45. Google Scholar 3.Lee KH: The latest new drugs discovered and developed from Chinese medicine. Biopharma quarterly. 1998, 4: 12-15. Google Scholar 4.Lee KH: Anti-cancer agents 195 Anti-cancer drugs design based on plant-based natural products. Biomedical J sci. 1999, 6: 236-250.CAS Google Scholar 5.Lee KH, Morris NSL: Anti-AIDS Agents 35 Recent advances in the discovery and development of plant-based natural products and their analogue as anti-HIV agents. Pure applied chem. 1999, 19: 90-105. Google Scholar 6.Almeida CFC, de Amorin ELC, de Albuquercue UP, Maia MBS: Medicinal plants widely used in the Singu region - a semi-arid place in Northerne in eastern Brazil. J Etnobiol Etnomed. 2006, 2: 15- 23. 10.1186/1746-4269-2-15.PubMed Central article Google Scholar 7.Vieura RE, Skorupa LE: Brazilian bank of medicinal plant genes. Acta gardening. 1993, 330: 51-58.Article Google Scholar 8.Bekele E: Study of the actual situation of medicinal plants in Ethiopia. 2007, 54-60. , Google Scholar 9.Cunninghum AB: Applied Ethnobotany: People, use and conservation of wild plants. 2001, VA:Earthscan punlications Ltd: London and Stirling Google Scholar 10.Kelbessa E, Demissew S, Woldu, Edwards S: Some threatened endemic plants of Ethiopia. The status of some plants in parts of tropical Africa. Edited by: Edwards S, Semede A. 1992, East and Central Africa: NAPRECA, No 2. Botany 2000, 2000, Google Scholar 11.Mekonen A, Bluffstone R: Police will increase forest cover in Ethiopia. Policy seminar hosted by the Forum on Environmental Economics for Ethiopia (EEPFE): 18-19. Edited by: Addis A. 2007, Ethiopia, Addis Ababa: Ethiopian Development Research Institute (EDRI), 35-43. Google Scholar 12.Abbink J: Medicinal and Ritual Plants of the Ethiopian Southwest: A Report on Recent Research. Indy know and Dev Monitor. 1995, 3: 6-8. Google Scholar 13.Abera B: A medicinal plant used in traditional medicine in the Jimma area of southwestern Ethiopia. Ethiopiopian J Health Sci. 2003, 13: 85-94. Google Scholar 14.Yineger H, Yewhalaw D, Teketa D: Ethnomedical Plant Knowledge and Oromo Ethnic Group Practice in southwestern Ethiopia. J Etnobiol Etnomed. 2008, 4: 11-18. 10.1186/1746-4269-4-11.PubMed Central article PubMed Google Scholar 15.Tolassa E: Use and management of medicinal plants in the Gimbi area. 2007, Southwest Ethiopia: MSc Thesis, University of Addis Ababa, Faculty of Biology Google Scholar 16.CSA: Statistical Abstract Addis Ababa, Ethiopia. 2003, Federal Democratic Republic of Ethiopia: Central Statistical Office (CSA) Google Scholar 17.Martin GJ: Ethnobotany: Method Guide. 1995, London: Chapman and Google Hall Scholar 18.Alexiades MN: Collecting Ethnobotanical Data: Introduction to Basic Concepts and Methods. Selected guidelines for ethnobotany research: Field Guide. 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