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AA-D026A-TE VAX-11 Symbolic Debugger Reference Manual.Pdf I I I I • rii~5555555 I I • • VAX-11 Symbolic Debugger Reference Manual Order No. AA-D026A-TE • • I I • • I 5555555YJ I ( August 1978 This document describes the VAX-11 Symbolic Debugger, a program used in locating errors in executable user images. The information in this document is particularly pertinent to programmers using the VAX-11 MACRO assembly language. VAX-11 Symbolic Debugger Reference Manual ( Order No. AA-D026A-TE ( SUPERSESSION/UPDATE INFORMATION: This is a new document for this release. OPERATING SYSTEM AND VERSION: VAX!VMS V01 SOFTWARE VERSION: VAX!VMS V01 To order additional copies of this document, contact the Software Distribution Center, Digital Equipment Corporation, Maynard, Massachusetts 01754 digital equipment corporation -maynard, massachusetts First Printing, August 1978 The information in this document is' subject to change without notice and should not be construed as a commitment by Digital Equipment Corporation. Digital Equipment Corporation assumes no responsibility for any errors that may appear in this document. The software described in this document is furnished under a license and may only be used or copied in accordance with the terms of such license. No responsibility is assumed for the use or reliability of software on equipment that is not supplied by DIGITAL or its affiliated companies. Copyright © 1978 by Digital Equipment Corporation ( The postage-prepaid READER'S COMMENTS form on the last page of this document requests the user's critical evaluation to assist us in pre­ paring future documentation. The following are trademarks of Digital Equipment Corporation: ( DIGITAL DECsystem-lO MASSBUS DEC DEC tape OMNIBUS PDP DIBOL OS/8 DECUS EDUSYSTEM PHA UNIBUS FLIP CHIP RSTS COMPUTER LABS FOCAL RSX COMTEX INDAC TYPESET-8 DDT LAB-8 TYPESET-ll DECCOMM DECSYSTEM-20 TMS-ll ASSIST-II RTS-8 lTPS-IO VAX VMS SBI DECnet lAS CONTENTS Page PREFACE vii CHAPTER 1 INTRODUCTION TO DEBUGGING 1-1 1.1 VAX-,ll SYMBOLIC DEBUGGER FACILITIES 1-1 1.2 USING THE VAX-II DEBUGGER 1-2 1. 2.1 Breakpoints 1-2 ( 1. 2.2 Tracepoints and Opcode Tracing 1-2 1. 2.3 Watchpoints 1-2 1. 2.4 Examining and Modifying Locations 1-2 1. 2. 5 Evaluating Expressions 1-2 1. 2. 6 Program Control 1-3 1. 2. 7 Starting and Ending Debugging Sessions 1-3 1. 2.8 Debugger Commands 1-3 1.3 SYMBOLIC REFERENCES 1-4 1. 3.1 Debugger Symbol Table 1-4 1. 3. 2 Scope 1-5 1. 3. 3 Pathnames 1-5 c 1. 3. 4 Local Symbol Definition 1-5 CHAPTER 2 BEGINNING AND ENDING A DEBUGGING SESSION 2-1 2.1 INITIATING THE DEBUGGER 2-1 2.2 STARTUP CONDITIONS 2-2 2.2.1 Startup Messages 2-2 2.2.2 Language Setting 2-3 2.2.3 Scope Setting 2-3 2.2.4 Setting Symbols 2-3 2.2.5 Entry and Display Modes 2-3 2.3 TERMINATING A DEBUGGING SESSION 2-4 CHAPTER 3 CONTROLLING PROGRAM EXECUTION 3-1 3.1 INITIATING AND CON,TINUING EXECUTION WITH GO 3-1 3.2 STEPPING THROUGH YOUR PROGRAM 3-2 3.2.1 Step Types 3,...2 3.2.2 Setting Step Types 3-3 3.2.3 Showing Step Types 3;..3 3.3 INTERRUPTING EXECUTION 3-3 C~'l':E:R 4 SPECIAL ·CHARACTERS 4-1 • ,'i>..{' " 4.1 EVALUATING ARITHMETIC EXPRESSIONS 4-1 4.1.1 Plus Sign (+) 4-2 4.1. 2 Minus Sign (-) 4-2 4.1. 3 Multiplication Operator (*) 4-3 4.1. 4 Division Operator (I) 4-3 4.1.5 Shift Operator (@) 4-3 4.1. 6 Precedence Operators « ••• » 4-3 4.1. 7 Radix Operators 4-4 iii CONTENTS (Cont.) c Page 4.2 SPECIAL CHARACTERS IN ADDRESS EXPRESSIONS 4-4 4.2.1 Current Location Symbol (.) 4-5 4.2.2 Previous Location Symbol (A) 4-5 4.2.3 Last Value Displayed Symbol (\) 4-5 4.2.4 Contents Operator (@) 4-6 4.2.5 Range Operator (:) 4-6 4.3 SPECIAL DELIMITING CHARACTERS 4-6 4.3.1 Mode Keyword Delimiter (/) 4-7 4.3.2 DEPOSIT and DEFINE Command Delimiter (=) 4-8 4.3.3 Symbolic Pathnam:e Element Separator (\) 4-8 4.3.4 DO Command Sequence Delimiters 4-9 4.3.5 CALL Command Argument Delimiters ( ( ••• ) 4-9 4.3.6 Command Separator ( ; ) 4-9 4.3.7 Argument Separator ( , ) 4-9 4.3.8 Input String Delimiters 4-10 f- 4.3.9 Bit Field Delimiters 4-10 4.3.10 Line Continuation Operator ( - ) 4-11 CHAPTER 5 ENTRY AND DISPLAY MODES 5-1 5.1 KEYWORD SUMMARY FOR ENTRY AND DISPLAY MODES 5-1 5.2 INITIALIZED MODES 5-2 5.3 CONTROL OF DEBUGGING MODES 5-2 5.3.1 Changing Modes 5-2 5.3.2 Reporting Current Modes 5-3 5.3.3 Restoring the Debugger's Initial Modes 5-3 5.3.4 Overriding Current Modes at Command Level 5-4 5.4 CONTEXT MODES 5-4 5.4.1 Effects of Context Modes 5-5 5.4.2 SYMBOLIC/NOSYMBOLIC Modes 5-6 5.4.3 INSTRUCTION/NO INSTRUCTION Modes 5-6 5.4.4 Evaluating VAX-II MACRO Literals 5-8 5.4.5 ASCII/NOASCII Modes 5-8 5.5 RADIX MODES 5-9 5.5.1 DECIMAL Mode 5-9 5.5.2 HEXADECIMAL Mode 5-10 5.5.3 OCTAL Mode 5-10 5.6 LENGTH MODES 5-10 ( 5.7 PATHNAME SEARCH MODES 5-10 5.7.1 GLOBAL/NOGLOBAL Modes 5-10 5.7.2 SCOPE/NOS COPE Modes 5-11 CHAPTER 6 SYMBOLS AND PATHNAMES 6-1 6.1 PATHNAMES 6-1 6.2 SYMBOL TYPES 6-2 6.2.1 Permanent Symbols 6-2 6.2.2 Defining Symbols During a Debugging Session 6-2 6.2.3 Local Symbols 6-5 6.2.4 Global SYmbols 6-5 6.3 THE DEBUGGER'S SYMBOL TABLE 6-6 6.3.1 Symbol Table Input (SET MODULE) 6-6 6.3.2 Symbol Table Status Report (SHOW MODULE) 6-6 6.3.3 Symbol Table Purging (CANCEL MODULE) 6-7 6.4 TRANSLATING SYMBOLS INTO VALUES 6-7 6.5 TRANSLATING VALUES INTO PATHNAMES 6-9 iv c CONTEN.TS (Con t. ) Page CHAPTER 7 BREAKPOINTS 7-1 7.1 USE OF BREAKPOINTS 7-1 7.1.1 Breakpoint Reporting at Program Stop 7-1 7.1. 2 Continuing From a Breakpoint 7-2 7.2 SETTING BREAKPOINTS 7-2 7.2.1 General Breakpoint Specification 7-2 7.2.2 DO Command Sequence at Breakpoint 7-3 7.2.3 Breakpoint "After" Option 7-4 7.2.4 Temporary Breakpoints 7-4 7.3 SHOWING BREAKPOINTS 7-4 7.4 CANCELING BREAKPOINTS 7-4 7.5 BREAKPOINT EXAMPLES 7-5 7.5.1 Examples of Setting Breakpoints 7-5 ( 7.5.2 Examples of Showing Breakpoints 7-5 7.5~3 Examples of Canceling Breakpoints 7-6 CHAPTER 8 TRACEPOINTS AND OPCODE TRACING 8-1 8.1 USING THE TRACE FACILITY 8-1 8.2 SETTING TRACEPOINTS 8-2 8.2.1 Individual Tracepoints 8-2 8.2.2 Tracing All Call-Type Instructions 8-2 8.2.3 Tracing All Branch-Type Instructions 8-3 8.2.4 Tracing All Call-Type and Branch-Type ( Instructions 8-3 8.3 SHOWING. TRACING MODES 8-3 8.4 CANCELING TRACING 8-3 8.5 TRACING EXAMPLES 8-4 8.5.1 Examples of Setting Tracepoints 8-4 8.5.2 Examples of Showing Tracepoints 8-4 8.5.3 Examples of Canceling Tracepoints 8-4 CHAPTER 9 WATCHPOINTS 9-1 9.1 USE OF WATCHPOINTS 9-1 9.1.1 Watchpoint Reporting 9-1 9.1. 2 Continuing From a Watchpoint 9-2 9.2 SETTING WATCHPOINTS 9-2 9.3 SHOWING WATCHPOINTS 9-2 9.4 CANCELING WATCHPOINTS 9-3 9.5 WATCHPOINT EXAMPLES 9-3 9.5.1 Examples of Setting Watchpoints 9-3 9.5.2 Examples of Showing Watchpoints 9-3 9.5.3 Examples of Canceling Watchpoints 9-4 9.6 WATCHPOINT RESTRICTIONS 9-4 CHAPTER 10 EXAMINE AND DEPOSIT COMMANDS. 10.1 EXAMINING MEMORY LOCATIONS AND REGISTERS 10-1 10.1.1 Examining Numeric Data 10-2 10.1. 2 Examining Instructions 10-3 10.1. 3 Displaying Locations As ASCII Characters 10-3 10.2 MODIFYING MEMORY LOCATIONS AND REGISTERS 10-3 10.2.1 Depositing Numeric Data 10-4 10.2.2 Depositing Instructions 10-4 10.2.3 Depositing ASCII Data 10-5 v CONTENTS (Cont.) ( Page CHAPTER 11 USING THE EVALUATE COMMAND 11-1 11.1 USING EVALUATE 11-1 11. 2 EXPRESSION EVALUATION 11-1 11. 3 EVALUATING BIT FIELDS 11-1 11.4 EVALUATING VAX-II MACRO LITERALS 11-2 CHAPTER 12 EXCEPTION CONDITIONS 12-1 12.1 PROCESSING EXCEPTION CONDITIONS 12-1 12.2 BREAK ON EXTERNAL EXCEPTION CONDITION 12-2 CHAPTER 13 CALLING ROUTINES AND SHOWING CALLS 13-1 13.1 CALLING ROUTINES 13-1 13.2 SHOWING ACTIVE CALLS 13-1 CHAPTER 14 PROCESSOR STATUS LONGWORD (PSL) 14-1 14.1 DISPLAYING THE PROCESSOR STATUS LONGWORD 14-1 14.2 ALTERING THE PROCESSOR STATUS LONGWORD 14-1 CHAPTER 15 DEBUGGER MESSAGES 15-1 15.1 INFORMATIONAL MESSAGES (PREFIX:%DEBUG-I-) 15-2 15.2 WARNING MESSAGES (PREFIX:%DEBUG-W~) 15-3 ( 15.3 ERROR MESSAGES (PREFIX:%DEBUG-E-) 15-8 15.4 FATAL ERROR MESSAGES (PREFIX:%DEBUG-F-) 15-8 APPENDIX A COMMAND SUMMARY A-I INDEX Index-1 FIGURES ( FIGURE 6-1 Debugger Symbo1-to-Va1ue Search Algorithm 6-8 TABLES TABLE I-I Summary of VAX-II Symbolic Debugger Commands 1-4 2-1 Debugger Initiation Qualifiers 2-2 4-1 Arithnietic Special Characters 4-1 4-2 Address Representation Characters 4-4 4-3 Delimiting Characters ' 4-7 5-1 Keyword Summary for Entry and Display Modes 5-1 14-1 PSL Alteration Values 14-2 vi ( PREFACE MANUAL OBJECTIVES This manual describes the facilities supplied with the VAX-II Symbolic Debugger.
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