The Theology of Death, Judgment, Heaven and Hell by the Rev
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The WINDOW of Trinity Midtown Lent, 2020 VOL XXIV, No. 1 Rhonda Rogers was ordained to the order of priests on January 18, 2020 at St. Francis of Assisi Episcopal Church, Prairie View, Texas at 2:00 p.m. p. 22 The WINDOW of Trinity Church The WINDOW of Trinity Midtown The Window of Trinity Church, is the official Lent, 2020 VOL XXIV, No. 1 quarterly magazine of Trinity Episcopal Church, 1015 Holman, Houston, TX 77004. In this Issue The Most Rev. Michael Curry Presiding Bishop Leading Columns The Rt. Rev. C. Andrew Doyle Diocesan Guidelines for Covid 19 . p. 3 Bishop of Texas The Rev. Hannah E. Featured Articles Atkins Rector Christian Eschatology: Death, Heaven, and Hell Trinity Church by the Rev. Canon Dr. Henry Atkins . p. 4 Amy Luke Immigration: Trinity is a Welcoming Congregation Senior Warden by the Rev. Hannah Atkins Romero . p. 14 John Escoto Junior Warden Photos from Rhonda Rogers’ Ordination . p. 11 Mark Goza Editor Regular Columns Those interested in Art. p. 18 writing for The Window, Lesser Feasts and Fasts . .. .. p. 19 please contact the Edi- tor or the Rector. Poetry . p. 23 Cover: Rhonda Rogers’ Ordination Back: Music at Trinity The Window subscribes to Church News Ser- vice (CNS) by the Parish Pump, Ltd., Alderley Edge, Cheshire, England, UK 2 Lent, 2020 March 5, 2020 Coronavirus Guidelines within the Episcopal Diocese of Texas The Coronavirus continues to impact the world and communities across the United States. It is affecting life within some of our Episcopal Dioceses more so than others, and each diocese is act- ing appropriately, given the level of concern and local outbreak. The Episcopal Diocese of Texas has a deep desire to care and lead in this situation. We are sug- gesting initiatives that will lower the risk of COVID-19 spreading in our communities. Although we are aware that the virus is now within the geographical area of our diocese, it is important to note that these cases are travel-related, and it does not change the fact that the immediate risk to most Texans is presently low. Our goals are to: 1. Continue to provide to our people and communities with the very best pastoral care and ser- vice - now and in the months to come; 2. Provide the continuity of safe and open churches where people may pray and worship; 3. Protect the most vulnerable among us by initiating practices to keep the spread of infectious disease down, including COVID-19; 4. Communicate and reiterate the importance of best practices regarding illness; and 5. Be attentive to the COVID-19 emerging context in Texas, within the wider church, and global- ly. We recognize that, like you, heads of congregations will have to make personal decisions related these guidelines, how comfortable they are with them, and how to lead appropriately given the im- mediate context. We wish to allay fearful, and often anxious, environments. We will follow updates from the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (https:// www.cdc.gov/coronavirus/2019-ncov/index.html) and our local health authorities and follow their suggested preventative measures. We ask you to do the same. Most health organizations are com- municating to the public daily, so please be proactive in obtaining up-to-date information and fol- low instructions from your local leaders. We urge you to follow the fundamental guidelines regarding prevention of the spread of any dis- ease, and COVID-19 especially: • Avoid close contact with people who are sick. • Avoid touching your eyes, nose, and mouth. • Stay home when you are sick. • Cover your cough or sneeze with a tissue, then throw the tissue in the trash. • Clean and disinfect frequently touched objects and surfaces using a regular household cleaning spray or wipe. (Continued on page 13) 3 The WINDOW of Trinity Church Christian Eschatology: the theology of death, judgment, heaven and hell by the Rev. Dr. Henry Atkins, Jr. The following is adapted from a transcript of a class preach that those who don’t believe in their given by Canon Atkins at Trinity over the course of particular tradition are doomed to hell. But three Sundays in November, 2019. generally speaking, in mainline Christian tradi- tions, you almost never hear sermons on There is a Greek biblical word, eschaton, which heaven, hell, or what death is like. You may is used by theologians in the word eschatolo- hear some things about Near Death Experi- gy, which is the study of “end things,” or the ences, or Elizabeth Kubler Ross, but the very last times. One of the things that we believe in nature of death is almost never talked about. the field of theology is that eschatology is the One of the reasons is that it is an extremely motor that drives theology. What I mean by difficult subject, and when we move to this that is that we believe that we are on a journey subject we are always in the area of ambiguity that is taking us into the future, and that that and mystery. future is God. In that journey there will be Two of the most famous classical the- end times: personally, historically, and perhaps ologians who addressed the issue of mystery, ultimately in terms of fulfillment. One of the including death, were St. Thomas Aquinas, end times is physical death. The great German who when he was nearing the completion of theologian Paul Tillich, who taught in this his major work, the Summa Theologica, had a country for many years after he had to flee spiritual experience, and he said that that ex- Nazi Germany, said “the one thing that we perience was far more important than any- know for sure in theological terms is that we thing he had written. St. Augustine of Hippo are all finite, limited beings.” Tillich meant said that attending to the mystery of heaven, that there was a time, before birth, when we he was totally at a loss how to explain it. were not here, and that we will all die at some There is also a story that comes from the Zen point, after which we will no longer be here. tradition: The student asked the Zen master And, we live with that anxiety that we are fi- what happens when one dies, and the master nite and limited, that we are born and we die. who had never failed to answer one of his stu- We will begin by exploring what death dent’s questions responded, “I do not know.” means in the Christian tradition. I recently ran His student said, “But you are a Zen master!” across a New York Times article from 2003 The master replied, “True, but I’m not a dead that said that 82% of Americans claim to be- one.” lieve in heaven, the only factor of religious There is also the reality that in theolo- increase in the United States. It’s strange that gy we struggle with ultimate questions, and it appears that more people believe in heaven sometimes insights are given to us from than believe in God! When we talk about last sources that we sometimes don’t think of as things, death, judgment, hell and heaven, one presenting such profound insights. The ques- thing that you notice is that even though peo- tion raised by Mother Maybelle Carter when ple consider these to be main themes in the she wrote “Will the Circle Be Unbroken,” is Christian tradition, you almost never hear the struggle that we all go through. There is people talk about them, except Evangelical also a mountain gospel song that my grandfa- Protestants on the extreme right who often ther used to sing, that says “farther along we’ll 4 Lent, 2020 know more about it, farther along God had not created the human per- we’ll understand why. Cheer up, my son as a robot, because God knew brother and sister, live in the sunshine. that the only force that moved history We’ll understand it all by and by.” was love, and you can only love if you I want to be very clear that have choice. So, God endowed the what I’m laying out here is one theo- human person with choice, and said logical approach. There are other the- that you can become what I have cre- ological approaches, but I believe that ated you to be, or you can begin to any approach to the subject of death pretend that you are God. That’s the has to be understood as getting as choice, and the human person chose close to an understanding as we can to pretend to be God. get: We don’t know all there is to So, the human person introduces into know, and great theologians have said differ- the world a power that we call original sin, ent things. A theologian who has influenced and death. We believe, and this is taught spe- my thought a great deal is Jon Sobrino, who is cifically in scholastic theology, that the person a Jesuit in El Salvador. Jon said, near the end as created, if she/he had not sinned, would of his great study, Christology at the Crossroads, have lived into their total fulfillment and then that “death is the scandalous and paradoxical died, but that death would have been a simple way of showing that human beings have lived, transition to another state. But with the intro- and go on living. Personally, I anticipate duction of sin, death becomes a power that is death, whatever my psychological situation, as associated with agony, suffering, brokenness the moment of total availability to mystery, to and fear, and it becomes a power that is much the mystery of God.