DOCSLIB.ORG

The Green Solution to Water Shortage in Rural Area

Total Page：16

File Type：pdf, Size：1020Kb

Download full-text PDF Read full-text
The Green Solution to Water Shortage in Rural Area International Journal of Advanced Science and Technology Vol. 29, No. 8, (2020), pp. 451-456 The Green Solution to Water Shortage in Rural Area Mohd Nazaruddin Yusoff*1, Azlizan Talib2, Amirulikhsan Zolkafli3, Muhamad Azwan Abd Rahman4, Mohd Fitri Abdul Rahman5, Sharif Shofirun Sharif Ali6 1,2,3,4,5,6School of Government, College of Law, Government and International Studies, Universiti Utara Malaysia, 06010 Sintok Kedah Malaysia 1nazaruddin@uum.edu.my Abstract Malaysia is one of the countries which received a large amount of rainfall which ideal for rainwater harvesting. As rainwater harvesting is a sustainable solution, it enables the reduction of the risk of water rationing and flooding. The technology behind the rainwater harvesting is effortless which can be easily adopted on any new or existing building. Therefore, the purpose of this article is to argue the sustainability and effectiveness of rainwater harvesting for the residential area at Kampung Bukit Lada and Kampung KEDA Bendang Perang. This project was executed using theoretical and practical short- term training methods to develop skills and innovation among rural youth in producing a sustainable product. The project also potentially as a solution for water shortage issue in the area which is experiencing low water pressure problems. The study concludes that the adoption of rainwater harvesting technology has certainly made residential societies self-sustainable. Keyword: rainwater harvesting, sustainable green technology, best management practice 1. Introduction Water is a vital necessity for both humans and natural ecosystems. The use of clean water can be divided into domestic, industrial and agricultural sectors. However, the agricultural sector does not require high- quality water such as other sectors. Hence, the domestic and industrial sectors are the main sectors of clean water users in Malaysia. From time to time, Malaysia has come across water shortages and things have yet to reach a critical stage; where people have no choice but to rely on rainwater as their sole source. Racing towards curbing the environmental issues facing the world nowadays, the government and many private institutions are reconcile exploiting respective role in creating a sustainable living environment that can best ensure a better future for the next generation. Therefore, rainwater harvesting is one of the ‘green’ initiatives that we have today. Rainwater harvesting is the course of collecting the rainwater directly from surfaces on which rain falls, filtering it and storing it for multiple uses. Rainwater harvesting puts the supply of water back to normal levels. It is the collection and storage of water from surfaces that rain has fallen upon (Johor et al., 2017; DID, 2009). 2. Rainwater Harvesting The rainwater harvesting system is considered the "Best Management Practice (BMP)" in Malaysia (Noorazuan, 1999 in Shamsuddin, Noorazuan, Asmala, Khin & Safiah, 2014). The system is intended not only to slow down surface runoff but also to be used as a free and safe alternative source of water supply. The catchment area for this system is the size of the roof of the building. The system has two main functions, namely "On-Site Detention" and “Rainwater Harvesting”. The On-Site Detention Storage serves to slow down the runoff by securing rainwater (Ahmad et al., 2000 in Shamsuddin et al., 2014); while the Rainwater Harvesting tanks are functioning as rainwater supplies for use in the toilet, watering the garden and of other uses. ISSN: 2005-4238 IJAST 451 Copyright ⓒ 2020 SERSC International Journal of Advanced Science and Technology Vol. 29, No. 8, (2020), pp. 451-456 However, this rainwater is still not safe for our daily use such as bath water and drinking water. This is because there still might be some types of harmful dissolved chemicals that can endanger human health. Most of the harvested water can only be reserved for daily activities such as car wash, watering plants and washing of vehicles. The use of the Rainwater Harvesting System can have a good effect, which can save the use of clean water, reduce water bills, delay surface runoff and overcome water supply shortages problem in rural areas (DID, 2009). There are abundant benefits to adopting rainwater harvesting. First, it provides a unique alternative water supply method to complement existing clean piped water. Second, it is an environmentally friendly and green approach. Third, it reducing the dependency of people on pipe water hence discouraging future new dam construction and deforestations. Fourth, it reduces the water bills of the consumer. Occasionally, there are economic advantages such as rebates from local municipals for those who reduce the dependency on municipal waters. Fifth, on islands with limited fresh-water, rainwater harvesting is the major source of water for domestic use; and lastly, it lessens flash flooding and soil erosion (DID, 2009). Installing and operating rainwater harvesting technology is simple. For instance, the local community also can easily learn to implement such technology. At the same time, the construction materials of rainwater harvesting are also readily available. On one hand, rainwater harvesting is appropriate in the sense that it provides water timely for utilization. On the other hand, all family members have full control of their own systems, which greatly reduces operation and maintenance problems. Running costs are almost negligible. Water collected from roof catchments usually is of acceptable quality for domestic purposes. The collection of rainwater from the roofs of buildings can easily take place within our cities and towns. All that is necessary to capture this water by directing the flow of the rainwater from roof gutters; straight into rainwater storage tanks. Undertaking this flow, water can be collected and stored for diverse usages. Reliant upon household ability and necessities, both the collected water and storage capacity may be increased as needed within the available catchment area. 3. Installation of a Rainwater Harvesting System A proper rainwater harvesting system requires these basic items; construction. Sometimes it may be necessary to install a pump and have separate distribution pipes from potable water. It is recommended to measure the amount of rainfall and runoff from the roof; while non-potable water usage should be metered to monitor water usage (Rachel, 2016). The following factors are required to be considered in any rainwater harvesting system design; rainfall intensity, rain distribution, roof and catchment area, building and roof design, intended water consumption pattern, water quality requirement, first flush requirement, filtration requirement, storage tank size and placement, rainwater downpipe, guidelines, green rating requirement and budget (Rachel, 2016). According to Rachel (2016), the rainwater harvesting tank can either be placed underground or aboveground. In addition, the system needs to be designed to prevent mosquitoes and bacteria breeding. The design should also ensure minimal maintenance requirements while ensuring the quality of the rainwater harvested. 4. Project Goals This project was using theoretical and practical short-term training methods; to ensure that rural youth will be a skill and innovative enough in producing a sustainable product and a long-term business opportunity. This product will benefit users in the aspects of low water bills as well as optimizing natural ISSN: 2005-4238 IJAST 452 Copyright ⓒ 2020 SERSC International Journal of Advanced Science and Technology Vol. 29, No. 8, (2020), pp. 451-456 water resources. This project can potentially solve the problem of water supply shortages in some rural areas; which are usually low pressure. 5. Project Objectives This project emphasizes the following objectives: 1. Encourage and educate the use of natural resources (rainwater) efficiently and maximally; 2. Educate the public on how to reduce wastage and pollution of natural resources; 3. Provide opportunities for local youth to engage in small-scale industry activities in the production of rainwater harvesting systems 4. ; and 5. Bring awareness to the community about the importance of securing each water source. 6. Research Area Pokok Sena is an area located in the state of Kedah Darul Aman and is the 12th district declared by the Sultan of Kedah in 2009. The Pokok Sena town is located at three junctions to Naka, Kuala Nerang and Langgar Kedah. In general, Pokok Sena is an agricultural area that involves the main activities of rice cultivation, rubber and cocoa (Jabatan Perancangan Bandar Dan Desa Negeri Kedah, 2011). Pokok Sena, which is a new district in Kedah, is undergoing a challenging development phase. The drastic increase in population and the rapid growth of the local municipal will change the development scenario and be able to create challenging socio-economic, and political issues. Therefore, the Pokok Sena District Office must play a very important role and function as the backbone of the new administration in Pokok Sena. Various challenges and expectations should be addressed in a good manner. Water supply problems that hit several areas, especially in Kuala Kedah, Pokok Sena and Merbok will be resolved when five water treatment plant upgrading projects are completed by 2020 (Utusan Malaysia, 1st June 2017). The Pokok Sena Water Treatment Plant (LRA), developed at a cost of RM68 million, is fully operational, thus solving the problem of water supply currently experienced by more than 63,000 people in the area (Berita Harian, 16th October 2017). 7. Implementation and Discussion This project has been implemented in two phases as follows: - Project Detail First Phase Second Phase Place Mini RTC Bukit Lada Kampung KEDA Bendang Perang Date 26 August 2017 10 November 2017 Student Involvement 6 6 Community 20 20 Involvement ISSN: 2005-4238 IJAST 453 Copyright ⓒ 2020 SERSC International Journal of Advanced Science and Technology Vol. 29, No. 8, (2020), pp. 451-456 This project has a positive impact on the youth and the local community in terms of developing the skills of creating a rainwater harvesting system, and as well as promoting the interest of youth to pursue this project as entrepreneurs.
Load more

Recommended publications
  • Pengawasan Kualiti Alam Sekitar
    PENGAWASAN KUALITI ALAM SEKITAR Pengawasan Kualiti Udara Terdapat 3 stesen pengawasan kualiti udara iaitu di Bakar Arang (Sungai Petani), Mergong (Alor Setar) dan Kuah (Langkawi). Program pengawasan kualiti udara dijalankan oleh pihak swasta iaitu ASMA Sdn. Bhd. Berdasarkan Indek Kualiti Udara (IPU) rujuk (Jadual 2.1), kualiti udara di Negeri Kedah mencatatkan status kualiti purata yang baik iaitu bacaan IPU kurang daripada 50 bagi kesemua stesen (Jadual 2.2). Jadual 2.1: Indek Pencemaran Udara IPU Status Kualiti Udara 0 – 50 Sihat 51 – 100 Sederhana Sihat 101 – 200 Tidak Sihat 201 – 300 Sangat Tidak sihat ≥ 300 Merbahaya Jadual 2.2: Indek Pencemaran Udara Mengikut Stesen Nama Stesen/Tahun 2010 2011 2012 2013 Bakar Arang, Sungai Petani 41 41 43 46 Mergong, Alor Setar 29 36 37 32 Kuah, Langkawi 31 32 35 37 16 PENGAWASAN KUALITI ALAM SEKITAR Lokasi Stesen Pengawasan Kualiti Udara Rajah 2.1 : Status Kualiti Udara Mengikut Stesen Pengawasan Udara 17 PENGAWASAN KUALITI ALAM SEKITAR Pengawasan Kualiti Air Sungai Status kualiti air sungai di nilai berdasarkan Indek Kualiti Air Negara rujuk (Jadual 2.3). Terdapat 5 lembangan sungai dan 31 stesen pengawasan kualiti air sungai rujuk (Jadual 2.4) dan program pengawasan kualiti air sungai dijalankan oleh pihak swasta iaitu ASMA Sdn. Bhd. Berdasarkan IKAN, 2 lembangan adalah berstatus baik manakala 3 lembangan berstatus sederhana tercemar seperti di Rajah 2.2. Jadual 2.3: Indeks Kualiti Air Negara (IKAN) IKAN Status 81 – 100 Bersih 60 – 80 Sederhana Tercemar 0 -59 Tercemar Rajah 2.2 : Status Kualiti Air Sungai Mengikut Lembangan 18 PENGAWASAN KUALITI ALAM SEKITAR Jadual 2.4: Stesen Pengawasan Kualiti Air Sungai Mengikut Lembangan Indek Bil.
    [Show full text]
  • Pembangunan Pelancongan Kuala Kedah Untuk “Semua”: Kriteria Dan Tanda Aras Kelestarian Untuk Pertimbangan
    PROSIDING PERKEM VII, JILID 1 (2012) 611 - 626 ISSN: 2231-962X Pembangunan Pelancongan Kuala Kedah untuk “Semua”: Kriteria dan Tanda Aras Kelestarian untuk Pertimbangan Mohamad Zaki Ahmad zaki.ahmad@uum.edu.my Johan Afendi Ibrahim afendi@uum.edu.my Norhanim Abdul Razak norhanim@uum.edu.my Pusat Pengajian Pengurusan Pelancongan, Hospitaliti dan Alam Sekitar Kolej Undang-Undang, Kerajaan dan Pengajian Antarabangsa Universiti Utara Malaysia, 06010 Sintok, Kedah. ABSTRAK Kuala Kedah yang merupakan sebuah pekan kecil yang lebih dikenali sebagai sebuah pekan nelayan di Muara Sungai Kedah sesungguhnya mempunyai beberapa tarikan terutamanya kesan peninggalan warisan sejarah silam dan landskap semulajadi pelancongan yang menarik. Dengan sumber warisan dan tarikan semulajadi yang pelbagai di samping kemudahan infrastruktur berkaitan yang baik, Kuala Kedah mempunyai potensi yang amat besar untuk dibangunkan sebagai destinasi pelancongan yang baru. Justeru, pembangunan Kuala Kedah sebagai satu destinasi pelancongan mampu menyumbang manfaat dan faedah yang dapat membantu penduduk terutamanya dalam meningkatkan taraf sosioekonomi mereka. Menyedari bahawa kebanyakan tarikan utama pelancongan adalah berkaitan dengan elemen alam semulajadi dan warisan yang sememangnya tidak dapat diperbaharui, maka usaha penjagaan dan pemuliharaan sumberjaya-sumberjaya yang berkenaan adalah amat diperlukan dan seharusnya dilaksanakan secara berterusan. Dalam konteks ini, konsep pembangunan lestari adalah antara alternatif terbaik untuk dipraktik dan diadaptasikan dalam
    [Show full text]
  • Visitors' Directory 2020
    KEDAH Visitors’ Directory 2020 Abode of Peace, Nature & Agriculture KEDAH Visitors’ Directory 2020 KEDAH Visitors’ Directory 2020 KEDAH 2 Where you’ll find more than meets the mind... SEKAPUR SIREH JUNJUNG 4 Chief Minister of Kedah SEKAPUR SIREH KEDAH Kedah State Secretary State Executive Councilor Where you’ll find Champion, Tourism Productivity Nexus ABOUT TOURISM PRODUCTIVITY NEXUS (TPN) 12 more than meets the mind... WELCOME TO SIK 14 Map of Sik SIK ATTRACTIONS 16 Sri Lovely Organic Farm Lata Mengkuang Waterfalls Beris Lake Empangan Muda (Muda Dam) KEDA Resort Bendang Man Ulu Muda Eco Park Lata Lembu Forest Waterfall Sungai Viral Jeneri Hujan Lebat Forest Waterfall Lata Embun Forest Waterfall KEDAH CUISINE AND A CUPPA 22 Food Trails Passes to the Pasars 26 SIK EXPERIENCES IN GREAT PACKAGES 28 COMPANY LISTINGS PRODUCT LISTINGS 29 Livestock & Agriculture Operators Food Operators Craft Operators 34 ACCOMMODATION ESSENTIAL INFORMATION CONTENTS 36 Location & Transportation Getting Around Getting to Langkawi No place in the world has a combination of This is Kedah, the oldest existing kingdom in Useful Contact Numbers Tips for Visitors these features: a tranquil tropical paradise Southeast Asia. Essential Malay Phrases You’ll Need in Malaysia laced with idyllic islands and beaches framed Making Your Stay Nice - Local Etiquette and Advice by mystical hills and mountains, filled with Now Kedah invites the world to discover all Malaysia at a Glance natural and cultural wonders amidst vibrant her treasures from unique flora and fauna to KEDAH CALENDAR OF EVENTS 2020 cities or villages of verdant paddy fields, delicious dishes, from diverse experiences 46 all cradled in a civilisation based on proven in local markets and museums to the 48 ACKNOWLEDGEMENT history with archaeological site evidence coolest waterfalls and even crazy outdoor EMERGENCIES going back three millennia in an ancient adventures.
    [Show full text]
  • Getting to Langkawi
    GETTING TO LANGKAWI By Air International flights to Malaysia mostly land in Kuala Lumpur International Airport (KLIA) . The easiest and quickest way to Langkawi is by air. Langkawi is easily accessible by air, with several airlines operating multiple daily flights from Kuala Lumpur (1 hour); these include Air Asia (www.airasia.com ), Malaysia Airlines (www.malaysiaairlines.com ), and its subsidiary, Firefly (www.fireflyz.com.my ). The first two offer more frequent flights. N.B.: While Malaysia Airlines also operates from KLIA, using the other 2 airlines requires transfer. Air Asia flies from Low Cost Carrier Terminal (LCCT) , which is a different terminal but still part of KLIA. There is a frequent bus service from KLIA to KL-LCCT (every 20 mins, takes 30 mins, cost MYR3.50), or you can take a taxi. More information is available from the LCCT website (http://lcct.klia.com.my/index.php?option=com_content&view=article&id=26 ). To transfer from the KLIA main terminal to LCCT requires that you go through immigration and customs, so leave enough time for your connection. Firefly flies from Subang Airport (also known as Sultan Abdul Aziz Shah Airport), which is 60 km away. The quickest way is to take a taxi. Otherwise, you can take a bus or the KLIA Express train from KLIA to the KL Sentral station, and then a bus to Subang airport. You should allow at least 2-3 hours for this transfer. When getting a taxi from KLIA/LCCT, always use the official taxi counters, where you can buy pre- paid, fixed price tickets for official taxis.
    [Show full text]
  • 2 Geology of Peninsular Malaysia
    2 GEOLOGY OF PENINSULAR MALAYSIA 2.1 INTRODUCTION Peninsular Malaysia has traditionLlly been subdivided into NNW-SSE longitudinal belts on the basis of stratigraphy, mineralisation, geological structure, geological history and tectonic evolution . Scrivenor (19:;8) subdivided the Peninsula into three elongate belts on the basis of mineralisation: a western tin belt, a central gold belt and an eastern tin belt. Hutchison (1977) divided the Peni isula into four major tectonic subdivisions on the basis of different tectonic histories; the '1Vestern Stable Shelf, the Main Range Belt, the Central graben, and the Eastern Belt. Fo ) (1983) divided the Peninsula into four zones on the basis of differences in stratign phy. Khoo and Tan (1983) proposed a threefold subdivision; a Western Belt, Central Belt and an Eastern Belt on the basis of differences in stratigraphy and geological histoi y within Peninsular Malaysia. Within this threefold subdivision, Khoo and Tan (1983' further divided the Western Belt into two regions: a northwest sector and a Kinta-Ma acca sector. Tjia and Harun (1985) recognised four structural domains within the Peninsula. They defined Northwest, West, Central and Eastern structural domains. Within all the above subdivision schemes, the boundary between the eastern and central "belts" is taken as the Lebir Fault 2 one, and the boundary between the central and western "belts" is the Bentong-Raub line of Hutchison (1975). As previously stated (Chapter 1.5.2), Metcalfe (1988) proposed that Peninsular Malaysia consisted of two continental terra les, a western Gondwanan affinity continental terrane (Sibumasu) and an eastern Cathaysian affinity continental terrane (Indochina/East Malaya) Chapter 2: Geology of Peninsular Malaysia (Fig.
    [Show full text]
  • Urusetia & Bilik Pengurusan Banjir Lpp Negeri Kedah
    URUSETIA & BILIK PENGURUSAN BANJIR LPP NEGERI KEDAH NAMA LPP / PPN / PPK NAMA URUSETIA NO.TELEFON BILIK PENGURUSAN BENCANA BANJIR LPP KEDAH / PPN JASNIZAN BIN AHMAD 012-3445584 / BILIK MESYUARAT LPP NEGERI KEDAH 04-7333792 ARAS 7, BANGUNAN KWSP-PELADANG, JALAN SULTAN BADLISHAH,BADLISHAH,PETIPETI SURAT 137, 05710 ALOR SSETAR,ETAR,KEDAH. KEDAH. PPK LANGKAWI / PPNJ AGUS SALIM BIN AWANG 019-5610025 / BILIK GERAKAN PPK LANGKAWI LANGKAWI 04-9551205 PADANG MAT SIRAT, 07100 LANGKAWI, KEDAH. PPK CHANGLUN SAKAWI BIN HAMID 019-5656430 / BILIK GERAKAN PPK CHANGLUN, 04-92412769241276 06010 CHANGLUN, KEDAH.KEDAH. PPK ASUN / PPNJ ASUN MOHD NOOR BIN HASSAN 013-5092577 / BILIK GERAKAN PPK ASUN, 04-9171315 0600600000 JITRA,JITRA,KEDAH KEDAH PPK LUBUK BATU NORIZAH BT NORDIN 019-4241000 / BILIK GERAKAN PPK LUBUK BATU, 04-9170601 KAMPUNGKAMPUNG LUBUK BATU, MUKIM PELUBANG, 06000 JITRA, KKEDAHEDAH PPK POKOK SENA BUKHARI BIN SHUIB 019-4506910 / BILIK GERAKAN PPK POKOK SENA, 04-7821282 NO. 111, BATU 12, 06400 POKOK SENA, KEDAH PPK KUALA NERANG HJ. YUNUS BIN LAUPE 019-8732474 / BILIK GERAKANGERAKAN PPK KUALA NERANG, 04-7866245 NO. 40,41,42 JLN SEMELIANSEMELIANG,G, 06300 KUALA NERANG, KEDAH PPK NAKA RAMLI BIN CHIK 012-5793117 / BILIK GERAKAN PPK NAKA, 04-7851219 06350 PADANG TERAP, KEDAH PPK KUBUR PANJANG HJH ANISAH BT MAN 012-4063963 / BILIK GERAKAN PPK KUBUR PANJANG, 04-7849366 06760 ALOR SETAR, KEDAH NAMA LPP / PPN / PPK NAMA URUSETIA NO.TELEFON BILIK PENGURUSAN BENCANA BANJIR PPK PENDANG SELATAN / SAIFUL ANUAR BIN IBRAHIM 012-2848500 / BILIK GERAKAN PPK PENDANG SELATAN, PPNJ PENDANG 04-7596058 962, MUKIM PADANG PUSING, KG. SAWA KECIL, 06700 PENDANG, KEDAH.
    [Show full text]
  • Demography of Urinary Cancer in the States of Kedah and Perlis, Malaysia
    IOSR Journal of Dental and Medical Sciences (IOSR-JDMS) e-ISSN: 2279-0853, p-ISSN: 2279-0861.Volume 15, Issue 3 Ver. X (Mar. 2016), PP 92-96 www.iosrjournals.org Demography of Urinary Cancer in the States of Kedah and Perlis, Malaysia. Dr. Krishna Kumar Mallick1, Dr. S.A.Balan2 1MBBS (Gold Medalist), MS (General Surgery), FCGP (India), FSASMS (Delhi), MRSH (London). Professor of Surgery,Melaka Manipal Medical CollegeMelaka, Malaysia. 2Uro-surgeon Hospital Sultanah Bahiyah AlorSetar, Malaysia. Abstract: Urological cancers are highly prevalent in the world and include cancers of the urinary bladder, prostate, kidney, ureter, penis and testis. Recently National Cancer Registry Report by the Ministry of Health, Govt. of Malaysia has also mentioned that urologicalcancers have become more common among the multi- racial Malaysian population. Urological cancers are becoming a major problem in both men and women and the most affected age group is between 50-70 years of age. Prostate and bladder cancers are listed among ten most frequent cancers in the main ethnic groups in Malaysia, viz. Malays, Chinese and Indian. Abbreviations: NCR National Council Registry eHIS Electronic Hospital Information System SOPD Surgical Out-Patient Department HSB Hospital SultanahBahiyah, AlorSetar, Malaysia RCC Renal Cell Carcinoma Key Words: Urological cancer, 2008-2012, Histo-pathological Reports Peninsular Malaysia. I. Introduction Although studies and reporting on demographical aspects of urological cancers have been done rather extensively in the western parts of the world, demographical studies on urological cancers in Asia, more specifically in Malaysia, have not been carried out so extensively. Current epidemiological data on urological cancers in Malaysia is superficial with emphasis on its racial and gender distribution, age specific incidence and annual incidence with mainly NCR reports to contribute to the statistics.
    [Show full text]
  • 1970 Population Census of Peninsular Malaysia .02 Sample
    1970 POPULATION CENSUS OF PENINSULAR MALAYSIA .02 SAMPLE - MASTER FILE DATA DOCUMENTATION AND CODEBOOK 1970 POPULATION CENSUS OF PENINSULAR MALAYSIA .02 SAMPLE - MASTER FILE CONTENTS Page TECHNICAL INFORMATION ON THE DATA TAPE 1 DESCRIPTION OF THE DATA FILE 2 INDEX OF VARIABLES FOR RECORD TYPE 1: HOUSEHOLD RECORD 4 INDEX OF VARIABLES FOR RECORD TYPE 2: PERSON RECORD (AGE BELOW 10) 5 INDEX OF VARIABLES FOR RECORD TYPE 3: PERSON RECORD (AGE 10 AND ABOVE) 6 CODES AND DESCRIPTIONS OF VARIABLES FOR RECORD TYPE 1 7 CODES AND DESCRIPTIONS OF VARIABLES FOR RECORD TYPE 2 15 CODES AND DESCRIPTIONS OF VARIABLES FOR RECORD TYPE 3 24 APPENDICES: A.1: Household Form for Peninsular Malaysia, Census of Malaysia, 1970 (Form 4) 33 A.2: Individual Form for Peninsular Malaysia, Census of Malaysia, 1970 (Form 5) 34 B.1: List of State and District Codes 35 B.2: List of Codes of Local Authority (Cities and Towns) Codes within States and Districts for States 38 B.3: "Cartographic Frames for Peninsular Malaysia District Statistics, 1947-1982" by P.P. Courtenay and Kate K.Y. Van (Maps of Adminsitrative district boundaries for all postwar censuses). 70 C: Place of Previous Residence Codes 94 D: 1970 Population Census Occupational Classification 97 E: 1970 Population Census Industrial Classification 104 F: Chinese Age Conversion Table 110 G: Educational Equivalents 111 H: R. Chander, D.A. Fernadez and D. Johnson. 1976. "Malaysia: The 1970 Population and Housing Census." Pp. 117-131 in Lee-Jay Cho (ed.) Introduction to Censuses of Asia and the Pacific, 1970-1974. Honolulu, Hawaii: East-West Population Institute.
    [Show full text]
  • Smart Module 2 2011
    SPM ENGLISH LANGUAGE 1119 SMART MODULE 2 2011 ENGLISH LANGUAGE UNIT KEDAH EDUCATION DEPARTMENT 1 SPM ENGLISH LANGUAGE 1119 SMART MODULE 2 2011 Patron En. Mansor bin Lat Director of Kedah Education Department Advisor Tn. Hj. Asmee bin Haji Tajuddin Head of the Academic Sector Coordinator Pn. Hjh. Zaliha bt Ahmad The Principal Assistant Director (English Language) Committee Members Pn. Wan Aisyah bt Haris (Assistant District Language Officer for Language, Kota Setar) Pn. Hjh. Fadzillah bt Selamat (Assistant District Language Officer for Languages, Kubang Pasu) En. Yong Kooi Hin (Assistant District Language Officer for Languages, Baling Sik) En. Nordin bin Mohd. Noor (Assistant District Language Officer for Languages, Padang Terap) En. Azmi bin Othman (Assistant District Language Officer for Languages, Kuala Muda Yan) En. Nagaiah Velu (Assistant District Language Officer for Languages, Langkawi) En. Md. Zahir bin Husin (Assistant District Language Officer for Languages, Kulim Bandar Baharu) Pn. Nadia Normala Vimala bt Abdullah (Assistant District Language Officer for Languages, Pendang) Cik Farha bt Sobry (Assistant District Language Officer for English (Secondary), Kuala Muda Yan En. Oslan bin Yum (Assistant District Language Officer for English (Secondary), Kubang Pasu Panel of Smart Module 2 2011 (SPM 1119) 1. Pn. Farah Ikhmar bt Jafri (SMK Sik) 2. En. Lim Swee Teong (SMK Simpang Kuala) 3. YM Raja Nurhayati bt Raja Abdullah (SMK Seri Pantai) 4. Pn. Norliza bt Abd Hamid (SMK Syed Abu Bakar) 5. Pn. Razliza bt Razak (SM Vokasional Kulim) 6. Pn. Noorkhasimah bt Abdul Halim (SMK Dato’ Syed Ahmad) 7. Pn. Sabjeet Kaur a/p Kasmir Singh (SMK Pendang) 8.
    [Show full text]
  • Sg. Petani - Taman No
    No. Store Name Brief Location Store Address KD - Sg. Petani - Taman No. C-59 (GF) Jalan Permatang Gedong, 1 SP I Tmn Sejati Kdh Sejati Indah Taman Sejati Indah, 08000 Sg Petani, Kedah KD - Sg. Petani - Taman Ria No 164 (GF), Jalan Kelab Cinta Sayang, 2 SP II TmnRiaJaya Kdh Jaya Taman Ria Jaya, 08000 Sg Petani, Kedah KD - Sg. Petani - Taman No 99A, P-K-P Jalan Pengkalan, Taman 3 SPIIITmnPknBaruSPKdh Pekan Baru Pekan Baru, 08000 Sg Petani, Kedah KD - Alor Setar - Pekan No. 114 Jalan PSK 4, Pekan Simpang Kuala, 4 Spg Kuala A.Star Kdh Simpang Kuala 05400 Alor Setar, Kedah KD - Kulim - Taman No 39 (GF), Lorong Kemuning 1, Taman 5 Kemuning Kulim Kdh Kemuning Kemuning, 09000 Kulim, Kedah No. 161 (GF), Jalan Putra, 05100 Alor Setar, 6 Jln Putra A Star Kdh KD - Alor Setar - Jalan Putra Kedah KD - Jitra - Bandar Darulaman No 48 (GF), Jalan Pantai Halban, Bandar 7 BdrDarulamanJitraKdh Jaya Darulaman Jaya, 06000 Jitra, Kedah No. K 177, Jalan Sultanah Sambungan 8 Wira Mergong Kdh KD - Taman Wira Mergong Taman Wira Mergong, 05250 Kedah No 182 (GF) Jalan Lagenda Heights 1, KD - Sg. Petani - Lagenda 9 LagendaHeightsSP KDH Lagenda Heights 08000 Sungai Petani, Heights Kedah KD - Alor Setar - Taman No. 5009 (GF), Jalan Tun Razak, Taman 10 PKNK, Alor Setar Kdh PKNK - Jalan Tun Razak PKNK, 05200 Alor Setar, Kedah KD - Alor Setar - Komplek Lot 81 (GF), Kompleks Perniagaan Sultan 11 Kompleks PSAH AS Kdh Perniagaan Sultan Abdul Abdul Hamid, Persiaran Sultan Abdul Hamid, Hamid 05000 Alor Setar, Kedah KD - Alor Setar - Jalan Tun No.
    [Show full text]
  • Original Article Factors Associated with Thalassaemia Carrier Among Form Four Students in Kedah, Malaysia
    Malaysian Journal of Public Health Medicine 2021, Vol. 21 (1): 134-140 ORIGINAL ARTICLE FACTORS ASSOCIATED WITH THALASSAEMIA CARRIER AMONG FORM FOUR STUDENTS IN KEDAH, MALAYSIA Rosidah Omar1, Norizan Ahmad1 and Ngee Wen Sze1 1 Family Health Unit, Kedah State Health Department, Ministry of Health Malaysia, Simpang Kuala, Jalan Kuala Kedah, 05400 Alor Setar, Kedah, Malaysia Corresponding author: Rosidah Omar Email: rosidahomar87@gmail.com ABSTRACT Thalassaemia and abnormal haemoglobins are the most common genetic disorder worldwide. School-based screening thalassaemia program for form four students was introduced with the objective to screen for the thalassaemia status. There is paucity in the data in Kedah on distribution of thalassaemia carrier and the associated factors. Hence this study aims to identify the factors associated with being a thalassaemia carrier and to describe the laboratory cost for the thalassaemia screening. This study used secondary data from the school-based thalassaemia screening in 2018 obtained from Kedah State Health Department. Results showed the prevalence of thalassaemia carrier among form four students in Kedah was 10.91%. Multivariate logistic regression showed that students from Baling, Padang Terap and Yan were 1.40, 1.34 and 1.23 times more likely to be a thalassaemia carrier respectively compared to Kota Setar (aOR Baling 1.40;95% CI 1.21,1.64; aOR Padang Terap 1.34;95% CI 1.11,1.61 and aOR Yan 1.23;95% CI 1.03,1.47). Malay and Siamese students were five times more likely be thalassaemia carriers compared to Indian (aOR Malay 5.16;95%CI 3.42,7.79, aOR Siamese 5.63;95%CI 3.19,9.97).
    [Show full text]
  • ADUN KEDAH JUMPA PM NYATAKAN SOKONGAN (Bernama
    07 MAY 1996 Kedah-ADUN ADUN KEDAH JUMPA PM NYATAKAN SOKONGAN KUALA LUMPUR, 7 Mei (Bernama) -- Tujuh anggota dewan undangan negeri Kedah bertemu Perdana Menteri Datuk Seri Dr Mahathir Mohamad di pejabatnya pagi ini dan menyatakan kesetiaan mereka kepada beliau berhubung perlantikan Menteri Besar yang baru. Anggota Dewan Undangan Negeri Tanjung Dawai, Encik Badri Yunos, yang menyifatkan pertemuan itu sebagai "pertemuan anak dengan ayah," berkata terserahlah kepada Dr Mahathir untuk membuat keputusan. "Sebagai ahli (parti) kita setia kepada pemimpin," katanya kepada pemberita ketika ditanya sama ada mereka akan memberi sokongan kepada Menteri Besar baru. Dr Mahathir mengumumkan semalam bahawa Menteri Besar Tan Sri Osman Aroff telah mengemukakan surat perletakan jawatannya tetapi beliau belum memutuskan sama ada hendak menerimanya atau tidak. Perdana Menteri juga menyatakan bahawa beliau mungkin mengadakan pertemuan dengan Anggota-anggota Parlimen dan Anggota Dewan Undangan Negeri (ADUN) Kedah untuk mengetahui pendapat mereka sebelum membuat keputusan itu. Umno menguasai 26 kerusi dalam Dewan Undangan Negeri Kedah yang mempunyai 36 anggota. Difahamkan tujuh anggota yang bertemu Perdana Menteri pagi ini merupakan kumpulan pertama manakala yang lain akan berbuat demikian secara berperingkat-peringkat. Selain Badri, ADUN yang turut serta ialah Abdul Razak Hashim (Guar Chempedak), Hassan Bulat (Padang Matsirat), Mohamed Hadzir Jaafar (Jeneri), Jamaluddin Yusof (Pantai Merdeka), Che Pora Omar (Merbau Pulas) dan Abdul Lateh Mohamed Saman (Kuala Nerang). Mereka bertemu Dr Mahathir secara individu, kata Badri sebelum memandu kereta keluar dari pagar utama Jabatan Perdana Menteri (JPM) dengan tiga ADUN lain di dalam kereta pada kira-kira pukul 12.30 tengah hari. Ketika ditanya sama ada nama pengganti Osman disebut pada perjumpaan itu, beliau berkata: "Itu tanya dia (PM) sendirilah".
    [Show full text]