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Ichthyological Exploration of Freshwaters an International Journal for Field-Orientated Ichthyology

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Ichthyological Exploration of Freshwaters an International Journal for Field-Orientated Ichthyology Verlag Dr. Friedrich Pfeil ISSN 0936-9902 Ichthyological Exploration of Freshwaters An international journal for field-orientated ichthyology Volume 25 Number 4 Ichthyological Exploration of Freshwaters An international journal for field-orientated ichthyology Volume 25 • Number 4 • March 2015 pages 289-384, 49 figs., 14 tabs. Managing Editor Maurice Kottelat, Rue des Rauraques 6 CH-2800 Delémont, Switzerland Tel. + 41 32 4623175 · Fax + 41 32 4622259 · E-mail [email protected] Editorial board Ralf Britz, Department of Zoology, The Natural History Museum, London, United Kingdom Sven O. Kullander, Naturhistoriska Riksmuseet, Stockholm, Sweden Helen K. Larson, Museum and Art Gallery of the Northern Territory, Darwin, Australia Lukas Rüber, Department of Zoology, The Natural History Museum, London, United Kingdom Ivan Sazima, Museu de Zoologia, Unicamp, Campinas, Brazil Paul H. Skelton, South African Institute for Aquatic Biodiversity, Grahamstown, South Africa Tan Heok Hui, Lee Kong Chian Natural History Museum, National University of Singapore, Singapore Ichthyological Exploration of Freshwaters is published quarterly Subscriptions should be addressed to the Publisher: Verlag Dr. Friedrich Pfeil, Wolfratshauser Str. 27, 81379 München, Germany PERSONAL SUBSCRIPTION : EURO 100 per Year/volume - 4 issues (includes surface mail shipping) INSTITUTIONAL SUBSCRIPTION : EURO 180 per Year/volume - 4 issues (includes surface mail shipping) Manuscripts should be addressed to the Managing Editor: Maurice Kottelat, Rue des Rauraques 6, CH-2800 Delémont, Switzerland CIP-Titelaufnahme der Deutschen Bibliothek Ichthyological exploration of freshwaters : an international journal for field-orientated ichthyology. – München : Pfeil. Erscheint jährl. viermal. – Aufnahme nach Vol. 1, No. 1 (1990) ISSN 0936-9902 Vol. 1, No. 1 (1990) – Copyright © 2015 by Verlag Dr. Friedrich Pfeil, München, Germany All rights reserved. No part of this publication may be reproduced, stored in a retrieval system, or transmitted in any form or by any means, electronic, mechanical, photocopying or otherwise, without the prior permission of the copyright owner. Applications for such permission, with a statement of the purpose and extent of the reproduction, should be addressed to the Publisher, Verlag Dr. Friedrich Pfeil, Wolfratshauser Str. 27, 81379 München, Germany. Printed by PBtisk a.s., Prˇíbram I – Balonka ISSN 0936-9902 Printed in the European Union Verlag Dr. Friedrich Pfeil, Wolfratshauser Str. 27, 81379 München, Germany Phone + 49 89 742827-0 · Fax + 49 89 7242772 · E-mail: [email protected] · www.pfeil-verlag.de 289 Ichthyol. Explor. Freshwaters, Vol. 25, No. 4, pp. 289-298, 6 figs., 1 tab., March 2015 © 2015 by Verlag Dr. Friedrich Pfeil, München, Germany – ISSN 0936-9902 Pseudorasbora pugnax, a new species of minnow from Japan, and redescription of P. pumila (Teleostei: Cyprinidae) Seigo Kawase*, ** and Kazumi Hosoya* Pseudorasbora pugnax, new species, is described from the Ise Bay area in central Honshu, Japan. It is distinguished from its Japanese congener P. pumila by the absence of a dark lateral stripe (vs. presence), 33-34 (vs. 34-35) ver- tebrae, a comparatively more developed infraorbital canal of the cephalic lateralis system with a rostral branch present (vs. absent), a nasal canal present (vs. absent) and mandibular canal complete (vs. incomplete). It is dis- tinguished from the sympatric P. parva, by the longer head (27.5-31.9 % SL vs. 23.5-27.3), incomplete (vs. complete) lateral line, and incomplete (vs. complete) infraorbital, supraorbital and supratemporal canals of the cephalic lateralis. Pseudorasbora pumila is redescribed and a lectotype designated. Introduction Japan and was previously considered to comprise two subspecies, P. p. pumila and an undescribed Species of Pseudorasbora Bleeker, 1860 are small subspecies (Nakamura, 1963, 1969). The two forms cyprinid fishes widely distributed in East Asia are allopatric in Honshu Island, being found from south-eastern Russia and Japan to northern north-east of the Fossa Magna (an important Vietnam (Hosoya, 2013). Of the fourteen nominal geographical barrier for Japanese freshwater fish taxa, four species are recognized as valid in recent fauna) and around the Ise Bay (the Tokai region years: P. parva (Temminck & Schlegel, 1846), of central Honshu) area, respectively. P. pumila Miyadi, 1930, P. elongata Wu, 1939 and Pseudorasbora pumila was originally described P. interrupta Xiao, Lan & Chen, 2007. Pseudoras- by Miyadi (1930), based on eight specimens from bora parva was originally distributed in East Asia the Shinai-numa Pond, Miyagi Prefecture, Japan. from south-eastern Russia and west of Kanto It was believed at that time that this species was region in Honshu, Japan to northern Vietnam and known only from northern Japan (north of the is an invasive pest in Europe and Australia Fossa Magna). Later, Nakamura (1963) reported (Bânârescu & Nalbant, 1973; Hosoya, 2013; Gozlan a population from the Ise Bay area, south-west et al., 2010). Pseudorasbora pumila is endemic to of the Fossa Magna as “P. pumila subsp.”; it shares * Graduate School of Agriculture, Kinki University, 3327-204, Nakamachi, Nara 631-8505, Japan. ** Lake Biwa Museum, 1091, Oroshimo, Kusatsu, Shiga 525-0001, Japan. E-mail: [email protected], [email protected] Ichthyol. Explor. Freshwaters, Vol. 25, No. 4 290 Fig. 1. Pseudorasbora pugnax, KUN-P 43543, holotype, 59.7 mm SL, male; Japan: Gifu Prefecture: Mino. the incomplete lateral line with P. p. pumila. This Naturhistorisch Museum, Leiden. Counts and subspecies was distinguished from P. p. pumila measurements follow Hubbs & Lagler (2004). As by the absence of a dark lateral band (vs. pres- the lateral line in both species under study is ence). Since then, most Japanese ichthyologists incomplete, we included unpored scales in the have tentatively recognized P. pumila subsp. as a total lateral-line scale count. Scales on the caudal distinct, unnamed taxon (Nakamura, 1969; Kawa- fin were excluded from the lateral-line scale nabe et al., 2001; Hosoya, 2013). counts. The last two rays of the dorsal and anal Biological information necessary for taxo- fins were counted as one ray. Vertebral counts nomic evaluation of the two forms in P. pumila followed Hosoya (1983); they were counted on have been elucidated in previous studies, includ- radiographs and included the first four vertebrae ing differences in chromosome morphology with the Weberian apparatus and one fused ver- (Matsuda, 1988), allozymes (Konishi et al., 2003), tebra of the hypural complex. Observations of the mitochondrial 16SrRNA (Watanabe et al., 2000) cephalic lateral line systems followed Fujita & and cytochrome b (Watanabe & Mori, 2009) gene Hosoya (2005). sequences, and on morphological characteristics (Uchiyama, 1987). In addition, both forms are geographically separated by the Fossa Magna. Pseudorasbora pugnax, new species Taken together, these evidences indicate that the (Figs. 1, 2, 3a) the two putative subspecies significantly differ biologically. We thus describe the unnamed sub- Pseudorasbora pumila subsp.: Nakamura, 1963: species of Japanese minnow as a new species, 125, pl. 52a-b; 1969: 181-185 (in part), pl. 53- P. pugnax, and redescribe P. pumila in this study. 54, 117e-f; Kawamura & Hosoya, 1997: 57-60; Kawanabe et al., 2001: 294, 308-309; Hosoya, 2002: 266, 2013: 322. Material and methods Pseudorasbora parva pumila: Niwa, 1967: 116-118. Specimens were fixed in 10 % formalin and pre- Holotype. KUN-P 43543, 59.7 mm SL, male; Ja- served in 70 % ethanol. Material examined is in pan: Gifu: Mino: Ise Bay area, Nagara River the following collections: FAKU, Department of system; K. Tsukahara; May 2011. Fisheries, Faculty of Agriculture, Kyoto Univer- sity, Kyoto; FRLM, Fisheries Research Labora- Paratypes. All from Ise Bay area, Japan. FRLM tory, Mie University, Mie; KUN-P, Kinki Univer- 16286, 1, 48.7 mm SL; Mie: Watarai: Miya River sity, Nara (earlier FAK); NSMT-P SK, National system; 25 Oct 1996. – GPM-Z 19302, 2, 43.1- Science Museum, Tokyo; RMNH, National 50.1 mm SL; KUN-P 43544-43548, 5, 33.8-45.6 mm Kawase & Hosoya: Pseudorasbora pugnax 291 a b Fig. 2. Pseudorasbora pugnax; a, KUN-P 43543, holotype, 59.7 mm SL, male; Japan: Gifu Prefecture: Mino (photo- graph by Toshihiko Morimune); b, about 35 mm TL, female; Japan: Gifu Prefecture: Ogaki; aquarium specimen, not preserved (photograph by Ryu Uchiyama). SL; RMNH.PISC 37978, 1, 58.3 mm SL, male (fixed male and male; Gifu, Ogaki; M. Nakamura, in 70 % ethanol); Gifu: Mino: Nagara River system; preserved 22 April 1955. – NSMT-P SK 2605, 2, S. Kawase et al.; 20 June 2011 (fixed in 99.5 % 32.4-49.0 mm SL, female and male; Gifu: Ogaki: ethanol). – GPM-Z 19303, 3, 26.0-27.3 mm SL; irrigation canal; M. Nakamura. Gifu: Yoro: Yokoya, a pond on left bank of Tsuya River; K. Hosoya, 31 July 1984. – KUN-P 43553- Non-types. KUN-P 43556, 20, 4-30.3 mm SL; same data 43555, 3, 44.9-46.3 mm SL; Aichi: Tsushima: as GPM-Z 19303. – KUN-P 44095-44096, 2, 50.8-59.5 mm Tennou River; 16 June 1936. – KUN-P 44505, 1, SL (cleared and stained). – NSMT-P SK 521, 1, 29.4 mm SL; Ogaki, Ezaki; M. Nakamura, 3 June 1949. – NSMT- 41.4 mm SL; MPM 1510-1511, 2, 40.9-46.0 mm P SK 25674, 5, 40.7-55.0 mm SL; artificially bred indi- SL; Mie: Ise; S. Mitani; 21 Nov 2013. – LBM viduals; M. Nakamura, fixed during the period between 1210054972-1210054973, 2, 46.0-46.7 mm SL, August and November 1966. male, Mie: Ise; S. Kawase and S. Mitani; 18 Nov 2013. – NSMT-P SK 662, 2, 33.8-45.1 mm SL, fe- Ichthyol. Explor. Freshwaters, Vol. 25, No. 4 292 Diagnosis. Pseudorasbora pugnax is distinguish- chin to isthmus curved, imparting convex appear- able from other Japanese congeners by following ance to dorsal margin of head in lateral view. characters; a faint dark stripe on the flank which Opercle posteriorly curved. Body relatively deep disappears in females (Fig. 2b); poorly-developed and wide.
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