Sponsored by Introduction to Metal Roofing Fundamentals Presenter: Learning Objectives
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Sponsored by Introduction to Metal Roofing Fundamentals Presenter: Learning Objectives • Steep Slope Roofing • Introduction to Metal Roofing Substrates • Metal Roofing Configurations • Roof Systems & Components • Design Considerations • Asphalt • Cedar shake Introduction to • Concrete tile Steep Slope • Clay tile • Slate tile Roofing Options • Composite tile • Rubber tile • Metal roof panels or shingles • Zinc Introduction to • Copper • Aluminum Metal Roofing • Galvanized Substrates • Galvalume • Stainless Steel Chart Provided by 2006 John Wiley & Sons, Best Practices Guide to Residential Construction ** MATERIAL ADVANTAGES DRAWBACKS INCOMPATIBLE MATERIALS LONGEVITY* THERMAL EXPANSION (10-6 in/in/°F) Unpainted: Least expensive. Strong and dent- Rusts after zinc wears away from Brass, bronze, untreated iron and steel, GALVANIZED 15 to 30 years. resistant. Zinc coating heals small cuts oxidation. Field-cut edges redwood, cedar, pressure-treated (PT) 7.5 STEEL Exposed to salt spray: and scratches. vulnerable to corrosion. lumber. 5 to 10 years. Provides atrue barrierto corrosion Expensive. Bright shinny appearance Galvanized screws, aluminum rivets, STAINLESS STEEL ratherthan a sacrificial by incorporating 60+ years 9.6 fewer finish options. brass, bronze, copper, steel. chromium in the alloy. Combines barrier protection of Field-cut edges vulnerable to corrosion Lead, copper, unprotected steel, wet Unpainted: GALVALUME aluminum with healing characteristics of 7.5 in coastal areas. mortar, PT lumber, and graphite. 30 to 40 years zinc. Reflects solar radiation. Brass, bronze, lead, copper, Expensive. High level of thermal Superior corrosion resistance. unprotected iron and steel, wet mortar, Unpainted: ALUMINUM expansion. Relatively soft. 12.7 Lightweight and good for coastal areas. redwood, cedar, or PT lumber, and 30 to 40 years Low melting point. graphite. Very expensive. Greenish runoff Aluminum, stainless steel, zinc, Easily roll formed. Superior corrosion COPPER can stain building. Avoid contact unprotected iron and steel, galvanized 60+ years 8.8 resistance. Attractive green patina. or runoff from cedar shingles. steel, lead, brass, bronze. Easily formed into intricate patterns. Brass, bronze, copper, untreated iron Very expensive. Runoff can stain ZINC Superior corrosion resistance. and steel, stainless steel, redwood and 60+ years 15.1 building. Bluish-white patina. cedar. *Longevity is affected by many variables, including slope of roof, wet vs dry climate, air pollution, and exposure to salt an d spray. **Average Values – review metal grade from manufacturer for specific thermal expansion. ©2006 John Wiley & Sons, Best Practices Guide to Residential Construction • Shingles • Roll Formed / Corrugated Metal Roofing • Standing Seam Configurations • Pressed Panels & Coatings • Bare Metal • Stone Coated • Painted Metal Roofing Configuration Shingles • Metal roofing shingles are most commonly found in bare metal applications including copper, aluminum and zinc. • The shingle overlap allows for more unique shapes and sizes to best accent architectural roof features. • Metal shingles are more common in commercial architectural design and provide an artistic element. Metal Roofing Configuration Roll Formed / Corrugated • Interlocking sheets having both vertical and horizontal seams in the field area. • Typically an exposed fastener or through fasten application. • Gains strength from the increased number of corrugations allowing for reduced steel gauge thickness. Metal Roofing Configuration Standing Seam • Panels are interlocking that run from ridge to the eave. • Panel design allows for easy shedding of water and snow. • Great solution for lower slope roofing applications. • Typically a concealed fastener panel. Metal Roofing Configuration Pressed Panels • Pressed panels allow manufacturers to mimic the look of other roofing profiles such as: • Wood Shake • Spanish & Mediterranean Tile • Shingles • Slate • Panel configuration creates an air space between the panel and roof deck improving energy efficiency. Metal Roofing Finish Characteristics Bare Metal • Bare metal products such as copper, aluminum and zinc are selected for their material properties and longevity. • Key factors to consider include expected color change, and finish variations with polished or matte surfaces. • Industry standards & testing for bare metal compositions: • ASTM B370-12 - Standard specification for copper sheet and strip for building construction • ASTM B209 -14 - Standard specification for aluminum and aluminum-alloy sheet and plate • ASTM B69-16 - Standard specification for rolled zinc Metal Roofing Finish Characteristics Stone Coated • Stone coated panels are often selected for the aesthetic appearance. • Ceramic granules provide a finish appearance similar to asphalt shingles. • An acrylic base coat allows the granules to affix to the panel and provide proper adhesion wear resistance. • Industry testing for coating and tensile standards: • ASTM B 117 (Salt Spray) • ASTM G 155/TAS 110 (Accelerate Weathering) • ASTM A 792 (AZ50) (Material Coating) • ASTM E 8 (Tension Strength) Metal Roofing Finish Characteristics Painted • Painted roofing is often selected for it clean and crisp appearance. • Painted roofs can also provide energy benefits with solar reflectivity. • Industry standards & testing for paint specification (ex. PVDF or Kynar® coating) • Accelerated Weathering – ASTM G23 • Salt Spray – ASTM B117 • Humidity – ASTM D2247 • Formability – ASTM D3359 • Pencil Hardness – ASTM D3363 • Specular Gloss – ASTM D523 • Impact Resistance – ASTM D2794 • Abrasion Resistance – ASTM D968 • Tunnel Test – ASTM E84 • Acid Resistance – ASTM D Procedure 72 • Sheathing Roof Systems • Underlayments and Components • Raised Assembly vs Direct-to-Deck • Flashing Sheathing • The roof rafter spacing depends on temporary and constant roof loads and on the form or shape of the roof structure, the spacing ranges from 12” up to 24” on center. • Metal Construction Association guidelines, recommend a minimum requirement of 15/32” sheet material. • Proper ventilation of the attic limits the amount of moisture that is absorbed by the decking materials and reduces the amount of swelling and shrinking of the wood. • Exposure of sheathing panels (plywood, OSB) to acclimate to local humidity levels is recommended before installation. • When fastening space sheathing panels 1/8” apart on all sides. Immediately cover with an appropriate underlaymentin order to keep the wood dry. • Optional decking can include a metal subdeck. *Sheathing requirements can vary depending on local building codes. Underlayments • ASTM Type II #15 • ASTM D4601 #40 • ASTM D1970 organic asphalt fiberglass • Up to 180 days • The National Roofing Contractors saturated felt reinforced asphalt exposure Association recommend that all roofing Felt: saturated felt • 30 year to systems use appropriate underlayment. Used under Stone “lifetime” warranty Coated Steel, Clay, Used under Stone Underlayment is applied over the roof Concrete tile, Coated Steel, Clay, • Self-seals around Composite Polymer, Concrete tile, nail holes for decking, prior to the application of the Good Asphalt shingle, Composite Polymer, reduced finished roof covering. Steel panels Asphalt shingle, Steel panels penetrations • The water-resistant and water shedding • ASTM Type II #30 • High temp organic asphalt • Synthetic Woven • Foam application abilities of the underlayment vary saturated felt according to application and roofing or Unwoven on some products material used. Used under Stone Used under Stone Used under Stone Coated Steel, Clay, Coated Steel, Clay, : and WaterIce Shield Coated Steel, Clay, • In warmer climates where metal roofing Concrete tile, Concrete tile, Concrete tile, Composite Polymer, Composite Polymer, Composite Polymer, panels sit directly on the underlayment Asphalt shingle, Asphalt shingle, Asphalt shingle, Steel panels Steel panels Steel panels (ex. standing seam metal panels) a high Best temp underlayment may be required. : SBS Modified Saturated Felt • In cold climates water and ice shield may be required by code at the eave and in the valley applications. Better Raised Assembly vs Direct-to-Deck • The NRCA states, “Roof assemblies are designed in one of two basic configurations: compact ‘warm’ roofs or ventilated ‘cold’ roofs.” • An elevated batten or “cold” roof design creates an air space between the roofing and the deck for air to circulate. This space “reduces heat transfer and allows heat buildup to dissipate.” The airflow provided also prevents condensation from building up and causing deterioration to the roof assembly. • In compact or “warm” roof design all the components are in direct contact with each other. Flashings • Building codes generally provide for minimum metal thicknesses used in roof systems. For example, the International Building Code,® 2015 Edition (IBC 2015), Section 1503.2-Flashings indicates: "… Where flashing is of metal, the metal shall be corrosion resistant with a thickness of not less than 0.019 inch (0.483 mm) (No. 26 galvanized steel). • Residential Design • Commercial Design • Maintenance • Exposed Fastener • Concealed Fastener Design • Metal Expansion and Contraction • Ice Damming Considerations • Wind Uplift • Fire Rating • Impact Resistance • Cool Roof Design • Solar Integration • Metal Roofing Weight Aesthetic Design Considerations Residential Metal Roofing • Horizontal and linear texture that exists with metal roofing provides an improved architectural effect. • Improved