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Energy in Ecosystems Where does all the energy go? REMEMBER TO TAKE CORNELL NOTES! 1 Where do ecosystems fit in? Biosphere Ecosystems Communities Populations Individuals 2 What are the energy laws? 2 Laws of Thermodynamics: 1) Energy cannot be created nor destroyed. 2) Energy can be transformed into different types of energy. Energy flows through ecosystems. It cannot be recycled. 3 How does energy flow through ecosystems? o Begins with the sun… o Producer Consumers o 1’ consumers (herbivores) o 2’ consumers (carnivores) o 3’ consumers (omnivores) o Some energy is lost as heat 4 What are the different ways organisms acquire energy? They can be… o Producers o Consumers o Decomposers 5 What are Producers? Organisms that produce their own food from the sun’s energy Autotrophs = “self –feeders” Ex. Plants, some photosynthetic bacteria & protists 6 What are Consumers? Organisms that consume other organisms for energy Heterotrophs = “other–feeders” Ex. All animals (herbivores, carnivore/predators, omnivores, scavengers, etc) 7 What are Decomposers? Organisms that consume dead organic matter for energy Saprotrophs = “detritus–feeders” aka detritivores Ex. Fungi, some bacteria 8 What is a Food Chain? A FOOD CHAIN shows the transfer of energy from the sun to producer to primary consumer then to higher order consumers. 9 What is a Trophic Level? A TROPHIC LEVEL is a “feeding level”. Producers are (T1) or Trophic Level 1. T4 eagle T1 T3 plants T2 frog grasshopper 10 Identify the… •Producer (T1) •Primary Consumer (T2) •Secondary Consumer (T3) •Tertiary Consumer (T4) •Quaternary Consumer (T5) •Which direction does energy flow? 11 Another way of showing the transfer of energy in an ecosystem is the ENERGY PYRAMID 12 What is an energy pyramid? Energy pyramids show the amount of available energy for each trophic level. Only 10% of the available energy is transferred from one trophic level to the next. 13 Food Chains Show Available Energy 14 What is a Food Web? o Interconnected food chains o Show the complex feeding relationships in an ecosystem 15 Identify the… Producers 1’ Consumers 2’ Consumers 3’ Consumers 16 Any Questions? 17 .

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