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HISTORY OF THE AMERICAN GYNECOLOGICAL SOCIETY 1876-1981 AND AMERICAN ASSOCIATION OF OBSTETRICIANS AND GYNECOLOGISTS 1888-1981 EDWARD STEWART TAYLOR Denver, Colorado The C. V. Mosby Company ST. LOUIS, MISSOURI 1985 Copyright © 1985 by The C. V. Mosby Company All rights reserved. No part of this publication may be reproduced, stored in a retrieval system, or trans- mitted, in any form or by any means, electronic, mechanical, photocopying, recording, or otherwise, without written permission from the publisher. Printed in the United States of America The C. V. Mosby Company 11830 Westline Industrial Drive, St. Louis, Missouri 63146 Library of Congress Cataloging in Publication Data Taylor, E. Stewart (Edward Stewart), 1911- History of the American Gynecological Society, 1876- 1981, and the American Associate of Obstetricians and Gynecologists, 1888-1981. Includes index. 1. American Gynecological Society—History. 2. American Association of Obstetricians and Gynecologists—History. I. American Gynecological Society. II. American Association of Obstetricians and Gynecologists. III. Title. [DNLM: Gynecology—history—United States. 2. Obstetrics— history—United States. 3. Societies, Medical—history— United States, WP 1 A512T] RG1.A567T39 1985 618'.06’073 85-4768 ISBN 0-8016-5101-8 GW/OB/RR 9 8 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 01/C/088 Contents Preface. ......................................................................................................................................................... 5 Introduction. ................................................................................................................................................. 7 THE AMERICAN GYNECOLOGICAL AND OBSTETRICAL SOCIETY 1981. ............................................... 9 Chapter I The American Gynecological and Obstetrical Society 1981. ..................................................... 11 THE AMERICAN GYNECOLOGICAL SOCIETY 1876-1981. ................................................................. 15 Chapter II AGS: The Early Years 1876-1910............................................................................................. 17 Chapter III AGS: The Middle Years 1911-1946. ........................................................................................ 27 Chapter IV AGS: The Later Years 1947-1981. .......................................................................................... 39 APPENDIXES I-II. ........................................................................................................................... 49 Appendix I. Members of the American Gynecological Society, 1876-1981. ............................................. 50 Appendix II. Officers of the American Gynecological Society, 1876-1981............................................... 68 THE AMERICAN ASSOCIATION OF OBSTETRICIANS AND GYNECOLOGISTS 1888-1981. ...................... 71 Chapter V AAOG: The Early Years 1888-1910. ........................................................................................ 73 Chapter VI AAOG: The Middle Years 1911-1946. ....................................................................................81 Chapter VII AAOG: The Later Years 1947-1981....................................................................................... 91 APPENDIXES III-IV. ....................................................................................................................... 95 Appendix III. Members of the American Association of Obstetricians and Gynecologists, 1876-1981. .. 96 Appendix IV. Officers of the American Association of Obstetricians and Gynecologists, 1888-1981. ... 116 Financial Contributions to the History...................................................................................................... 118 Index. ........................................................................................................................................................ 119 3 Preface Why record the history of this organization segment of obstetrics and gynecology? Because the mem- bers of the American Gynecological Society and The American Association of Obstetricians and Gynecolo- gists contributed significantly to knowledge in reproductive medicine and surgery in the last 100 years. It is of no concern or import that many of their beliefs are no longer held by any of us. As Kuhn* writes, “Out- of-date theories are not in principle unscientific because they have been discarded. If these out-of-date beliefs are to be called myths, then myths can be produced by the same sorts of methods and held for the same sorts of reasons that now lead to scientific knowledge.” The initial route from yesteryear’s “error” to today’s “truth” is created by evidence inconsistent with current perceptions of reproductive biology or disease or treatment. These two organizations provided the physicians and the forum in which subversion of the common wisdom occurred—the first step in the evolution of new ideas. Our history teaches that recog- nition of this role for our past organizations was their antidote for complacency and conceit and was ac- cepted as their major purpose. Appreciation of the continuity of past and present assures commitment to that definition of the proper work of a scholarly society. Thomas Hardy wrote in his poem “Transformations”: Portions of this yew Is a man my grandsire knew, Bosomed here at its foot; This branch may be his wife, A ruddy human life Now turned to a green shoot. These grasses must be made Of her who often prayed Last century for repose; And the fair girl long ago Who I often tried to know May be entering this rose. So, they are not underground, But as veins and nerves abound In the growths of upper air, And they feel the sun and rain, And the energy again That made them what they were! Stewart Taylor’s presentation reminds us repeatedly of the dominant influence of our culture and its mores on medical perceptions as reported in the Transactions. The belief in the association of madness in women with their sexuality and reproductive organs resulted in the use of gynecologic surgical therapy for insanity in the latter half of the nineteenth century. Rejection of women’s right to contraception at the end of the second decade of the twentieth century was followed a half century later by hostility to physicians who had championed women’s right to choose pregnancy termination. Our history serves to remind us that our attitudes concerning the uses of medical science are conditioned mainly by factors unrelated to science. *Kuhn TS: The Structure of Scientific Revolutions. Chicago, The University of Chicago Press, 1962, pp. 2-3. 5 6 AGS – AAOG HISTORY Our history also teaches that the nonacademic issues, both grave and trivial, that occupied the member- ship then are still with us. I learned that J. Marion Sims thought that a thesis presentation should not be a requirement for membership and that the members should provide most of the papers. Should there be entertainment at the banquet? Should spouses and children be invited? How many days should the meeting last? How many hours each day? Where shall we meet? As president of the American Gynecological and Obstetrical Society, it is a comfort to know that these problems, which engender such passion at our busi- ness meetings, were not resolved by our professional antecedents either. Finally, a note of appreciation for this superb accomplishment by Stewart Taylor. At the request of the Council of the American Gynecologic and Obstetrical Society, he has taken approximately 200 volumes of Transactions and his own experience as a member and leader of both former organization and created this volume, which catches the spirit, the intent, and the accomplishments of the memberships. Précis and anec- dote detail the controversies, the evolution of ideas, and the major advances. Those members whose schol- arly work changed our medical concepts or practices are identified. We are fortunate to have chosen a historian who has selected and ordered the contents of this book so wisely and entertainingly. JOSEPH SEITCHIK Introduction The Council of the American Gynecological and Obstetrical Society, through its secretary, T. Terry Hayashi, asked me to consider writing a history of the American Gynecological Society and The American Association of Obstetricians and Gynecologists, the parent organization. I accepted the invitation gladly and have spent much of my available spare time in the past three years in preparing these histories of the two senior organizations. This has involved reading the published Transactions from all the annual meetings of both groups. I am indebted to David Nichols for lending me his early volumes of Transactions of the American Association and to the Library of the College of Physicians of Philadelphia, Jefferson Medical College, and the University of Colorado School of Medicine for the use of their libraries and their copies of the Transactions of each of the organizations that I did not have in my possession. I am fortunate, as the result of a gift from John W. Harris, Jr., of Salt Lake City, to have copies of Transactions of the AGS starting from 1914. John Harris, Jr., is the son of John Warton Harris, fellow of the Society from 1932 to 1955. Most of what I have recorded in these histories can be found in the Transactions of the respective organizations, but some has been gathered from personal observation and experience. I was a member of the AAOG from 1950 to 1981 and the AGS from 1953 to 1981. It was also my privilege to be
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