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Cihannüma II Cihannüma TARİH VE COĞRAFYA ARAŞTIRMALARI DERGİSİ JOURNAL OF HISTORY AND GEOGRAPHY STUDIES CİLT / VOLUME II SAYI / ISSUE 1 Temmuz / July 2016 İZMİR KÂTİP ÇELEBİ ÜNİVERSİTESİ SOSYAL VE BEŞERİ BİLİMLER FAKÜLTESİ Cihannüma TARİH VE COĞRAFYA ARAŞTIRMALARI DERGİSİ JOURNAL OF HISTORY AND GEOGRAPHY STUDIES Danışma Kurulu / Advisory Board Prof. Dr. Alparslan CEYLAN Atatürk Üniversitesi Prof. Dr. Mevlüt ÇELEBİ Ege Üniversitesi Prof. Dr. Mehmet ERSAN Ege Üniversitesi Prof Dr. Vehbi GÜNAY Ege Üniversitesi Prof. Dr. Tufan GÜNDÜZ Hacettepe Üniversitesi Prof. Dr. Mehmet İNBAŞI Erciyes Üniversitesi Prof. Dr. Cüneyt KANAT Ege Üniversitesi Prof. Dr. Levent KAYAPINAR İzmir Kâtip Çelebi Üniversitesi Prof. Dr. Ayşe KAYAPINAR İzmir Kâtip Çelebi Üniversitesi Prof. Dr. İlhan KAYAN Ege Üniversitesi (Emekli) Prof. Dr. Ertuğ ÖNER Ege Üniversitesi Prof. Dr. Nadir ÖZKUYUMCU Celal Bayar Üniversitesi Prof. Dr. Ahmet TAŞAĞIL Yeditepe Üniversitesi Assist. Prof. Dr. David GUTMAN Manhattanville College, New York City Doç. Dr. Ersin GÜLSOY Atatürk Üniversitesi Doç Dr. Arife KARADAĞ Ege Üniversitesi Assoc. Prof. Dr. Barbara S. KINSEY Universty of Central Florida Doç. Dr. Erkan KONYAR İstanbul Üniversitesi Doç. Dr. Özer KÜPELİ İzmir Kâtip Çelebi Üniversitesi Doç. Dr. Yahya Kemal TAŞTAN Ege Üniversitesi Doç. Dr. Abdullah TEMİZKAN Ege Üniversitesi Doç. Dr. Anıl YILMAZ İzmir Kâtip Çelebi Üniversitesi Yrd. Doç. Dr. Yahya ARAZ Dokuz Eylül Üniversitesi Yrd. Doç. Dr. Nejdet BİLGİ Celal Bayar Üniversitesi Yrd. Doç. Dr. Alpay BİZBİRLİK Celal Bayar Üniversitesi Yrd. Doç. Dr. Cengiz ÇAKALOĞLU Celal Bayar Üniversitesi Yrd. Doç Dr. Muhammet ERTOY İzmir Kâtip Çelebi Üniversitesi Yrd. Doç. Dr. İrfan KOKDAŞ İzmir Kâtip Çelebi Üniversitesi Yrd. Doç. Dr. Can NACAR Koç Üniversitesi Dr. Maria BARAMOVA Sofya Üniversitesi Dr. Elizabetta BENİGNİ Universitá degli Studi di Torino Dr. Ergin ÇAĞMAN İstanbul Büyükşehir Belediyesi Dr. Zaur GASİMOV Orient Institut-İstanbul Dr. Leandro Rodriguez MEDİNA Universidad de las Américas Puebla Makale, belge transkripsiyonları, çeviri ve kitap değerlendirmelerinde mevcut görüşlerin sorumluluğu yazarlarına aittir ve İzmir Kâtip Çelebi Üniversitesi'nin resmi görüşünü yansıtmamaktadır / The views expressed in the articles, documents transcriptions, translation and reviews are of the authors and do not necessarily reflect the official opinion of Izmir Katip Celebi University Yazıların yayın hakkı İzmir Kâtip Çelebi Üniversitesi’nindir / Copyright © by Izmir Katip Celebi University Cihannüma TARİH VE COĞRAFYA ARAŞTIRMALARI DERGİSİ JOURNAL OF HISTORY AND GEOGRAPHY STUDIES Sahibi/Owner Değerli Okurlar; İzmir Kâtip Çelebi Üniversitesi Sosyal ve Beşeri Bilimler Fakültesi adına Üniversitemizin Tarih ve Coğrafya Prof. Dr. Turan GÖKÇE bölümleri olarak yayımlamakta Editörler / Editors olduğumuz derginin bu sayısında Akdeniz Doç. Dr. Cahit TELCİ konulu yazıları ön plana çıkarmaya Yrd. Doç. Dr. Beycan HOCAOĞLU çalıştık. Bir taraftan İstanbul’da faaliyet Misafir Editör / Guest Editor gösteren Dubrovnikliler öte taraftan Yrd. Doç. Dr. Mikail ACIPINAR Akdenizde İspanyollar ile Osmanlı coğrafyasındaki Yahudi cemaatlerinin Sorumlu Yazı İşleri Müdürü / Responsible dikkat çekenlerinden birisi olan İzmir Editor Yahudi Cemaatine ait kültürel mirasın Yrd. Doç. Dr. Beycan HOCAOĞLU önemli bir unsurunu oluşturan kitabeler Yayın Kurulu / Editorial Board konusunda Siren Bora’nın çalışması Prof. Dr. Turan GÖKÇE dergimizi zenginleştirmiştir. Öte taraftan Prof. Dr. Levent KAYAPINAR belgeler kısmında İstanköy’e dair Nejdet Prof. Dr. Çiğdem ÜNAL Bilgi tarafından neşredilen belgeler özel Prof. Dr. Ayşe KAYAPINAR bir arşive (Turan Muşkara) ait olmaları Prof. Dr. Yusuf AYÖNÜ açısından da önem taşımaktadır. Doç. Dr. Özer KÜPELİ Yrd. Doç. Dr. İrfan KOKDAŞ Beycan Hocaoğlu’nun haritalar üzerinden Yrd. Doç. Dr. Nilgün Nurhan KARA gerçekleştirdiği çalışması Varna’ya ilişkin Yrd. Doç. Dr. Beycan HOCAOĞLU son derecede önemli bilgiler sunmaktadır. Sayın Ergin Çağman ise bizlere başka bir Yayın Türü / Publication Type konunun kapılarını açmıştır. Hakemli Süreli yayın / Peer-reviewed Periodicals Yazışma Adresi / CorrespondingAddress Bu sayımıza gerek makaleleriyle gerekse İzmir Kâtip Çelebi Üniversitesi Sosyal ve Beşeri hakemlikleriyle katkıda bulunan Bilimler Fakültesi, Balatçık-Çiğli/İzmir meslektaşlarımıza teşekkür ederiz. Tel: +90(232) 329 35 35-8508 Faks: +90(232) 329 35 19 Basımevi / Publishing House Meta Basım Matbaacılık Hizmetleri 87 sk. No:4/A Bornova/İzmir ISSN 2149-0678 Basım Tarihi / Publication Date Temmuz / July 2016 Cihannüma Tarih ve Coğrafya Araştırmaları Dergisi / Journal of History and Geography Studies Yılda iki sayı yayımlanan hakemli bir dergidir / Peer-reviewed journal published twice a year Cihannüma TARİH VE COĞRAFYA ARAŞTIRMALARI DERGİSİ JOURNAL OF HISTORY AND GEOGRAPHY STUDIES Cilt / Volume: II Sayı / Issue: 1 Temmuz / July 2016 İÇİNDEKİLER / CONTENTS İNCELEMELER / ARTICLES Hüseyin Serdar Tabakoğlu Commanding the Sea: The Spanish Naval High Command in the Early Modern Mediterranean / Denize Hükmekmek: Erken Dönem Akdeniz'inde İspanyol Donanma Komutanlığı ………………………………... 1 Siren Bora İzmir'de Yahudi Kültürel Mirası: İbranice Yazıtlar / Jewish Cultural Heritage in Izmir: Hebrew Inscriptions …………………………………….... 15 Mikail Acıpınar Osmanlı Kaynaklarında Floransa’yı Aramak: Duka, Duka-i Françe ve Duka Gemileri İfadeleri Üzerine Bazı Bilgiler / Seeking Florence in Ottoman Sources: Some Notes on Terms of Duke, Duke of Françe and the Galleys of Duke ……………………………………………………………... 37 Ergin Çağman Ülgener’in Protestanları: Bayramî Melâmîleri / Ulgener’s Protestans: Bayrami Melamis ……………………………………………………………. 51 Beycan Hocaoğlu Varna İlinde İsmi Değiştirilen Türkçe Yerleşme Adları / The Changed Turkish Toponyms of Varna Province ………………………………………. 73 BELGELER / DOCUMENTS Nejdet Bilgi İstanköy Kazası Hakkında 1909-1910 Yıllarına Ait 12 Belge / Twelve Documents from the period of 1910-1912 about Kos Disctrict ……………... 93 TERCÜMELER / TRANSLATIONS Masashi Haneda (Çev. /Trans. İlker Külbilge) Safevi Hassa Birliklerinin Tekâmülü / The evolution of the Safavid royal guard …………………………………………………………………. 125 YENİ YAYINLAR / BOOK REVIEWS Mehmet Kuru E. Natalie Rothman, Brokering Empire: Trans-Imperial Subjects between Venice and Istanbul, Ithaca: Cornell University Press, 2012, 323 shf. ISBN: 978-0-8014-4907-9 ………………………………………………….. 151 Nurdan Çelik Gülhan Erkaya Balsoy, Kahraman Doktor İhtiyar Acuzeye Karşı: Geç Osmanlı Doğum Politikaları, Can Yayınları, İstanbul, 2015, 254 shf. ISBN: 978-975-07-2637-8 ……….…………………………………………. 155 Cihannüma Tarih ve Coğrafya Araştırmaları Dergisi Sayı II/1 – July 2016, 1-14 COMMANDING THE SEA: THE SPANISH NAVAL HIGH COMMAND IN THE EARLY MODERN MEDITERRANEAN Hüseyin Serdar Tabakoğlu* Abstract The Ottoman and Spanish empires confronted each other in the Mediterranean of the 16th century as formidable sea-powers. The Spanish Monarchy completed the political union in the Iberian Peninsula with the end of Reconquista and moved its forces to the North Africa and thus eventually faced the Ottomans in the region. We should evaluate the rise of the Spanish naval organization in the context of Ottoman-Spanish rivalry. D. García de Toledo who became the Captain-general of the Sea in 1564, realized significant reforms in the Spanish naval organization and the galley fleet, thus he played an important role in the rise of the Spanish sea-power in the way to Lepanto. Keywords: Ottoman, Spain, Mediterranean, sea-power, naval organization, García de Toledo Denize Hükmetmek: Erken Modern Dönem Akdeniz’inde İspanyol Donanma Komutanlığı Özet Osmanlı ve İspanyol İmparatorlukları birer denizgücü olarak 16. Yüzyıl Akdeniz’inde karşı karşıya gelmişlerdi. İber Yarımadası’nda Reconquista’nın tamamlanması ile siyasi birliğini sağlayan İspanyol Monarşisi hâkimiyet sahasını Kuzey Afrika’ya taşımış ve kaçınılmaz olarak Osmanlılarla karşı karşıya gelmişti. İspanyol donanma teşkilatının bu dönemde gösterdiği gelişmeyi Osmanlı-İspanyol rekabeti içinde değerlendirmek gerekir. 1564 yılında İspanyol kadırga filosunun komutanlığına atanan D. García de Toledo donanma teşkilatında ve kadırga filosunda ciddi reformlar gerçekleştirmiş ve İnebahtı’ya giden yolda İspanya’nın Akdeniz’de önemli bir denizgücü haline gelmesinde önemli rol oynamıştı. Anahtar Kelimeler: Osmanlı, İspanya, Akdeniz, denizgücü, donanma teşkilatı, García de Toledo * Research Assistant, Kırklareli University, Faculty of Arts and Sciencens, Department of History. Hüseyin Serdar Tabakoğlu In the 16th century the Spanish Monarchy was the principal rival of the Ottoman Empire in the Mediterranean. Especially, in the second half of the century, when Felipe II became the King of Spain, the naval struggle between two sea-powers intensified. In the 15th and 16th centuries the Spanish strategy for the Mediterranean was shaped by two important factors: The first one was the spirit of Holy War and Reconquista. Reconquista of the Iberian Peninsula was completed in 1492 and the fight with Islam was carried to the North Africa according to the will of Queen Isabel I. The second important factor was the raids of Turkish and Barbary corsairs to the Spanish coasts and commercial shipping. In its Mediterranean strategy the Spanish Monarchy tried to establish control by capturing and fortifying important ports (presidios) in the North Africa which may be used by the corsairs for raiding. On the other hand, the Spanish grip in the North Africa was limited to the coastline and the Spanish garrisons needed the assistance from local powers.1 In addition, the
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