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Cerncourier V O L U M E 5 3 N U M B E R 7 S E P T E M B E R 2 0 1 3 CERN Courier September 2013

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Cerncourier V O L U M E 5 3 N U M B E R 7 S E P T E M B E R 2 0 1 3 CERN Courier September 2013 CERN Courier September 2013 Astrowatch C OMPILED BY M ARC TÜRLER , ISDC AND O BSERVATORY OF THE U NIVERSITY OF G ENEVA Your local provider for “All Things Vacuum” Hydra~Cool™ Revolutionary Water Cooling Do fast radio bursts signal black-hole formation? Founded in 1954, the Kurt J. Lesker Company has We are pleased to announce Hydra-Cool™ our cost evolved into a global leader in the design and effective technically superior method of cooling vacuum components. Astronomers using the 64-m Parkes radio 10 times less frequent than core-collapse manufacture of vacuum technology solutions for telescope in Australia have detected radio supernovae (CERN Courier January/ research and production applications. transients with a duration of only 4 ms. February 2006 p10) but a thousand times Our new process allows us to double the surface area These fast radio bursts (FRBs) are a recently more frequent than GRBs. being cooled. With improved water flow the technique discovered class of mysterious sources that With only these characteristics and the Through our four divisions – Vacuum Mart, Process are found at cosmological distances. Now, fact that there is no known transient detected Equipment, Materials and Manufacturing – we provide dramatically reduces the chance of crevice crack two theorists suggest that FRBs are the simultaneously at other wavelengths, it is the most complete line of products and service solutions corrosion – therefore extending the life of a chamber. last signal emitted by neutron stars as they challenging to speculate on the nature of the collapse to form black holes. objects producing FRBs. The brevity of the in the vacuum industry worldwide. We can run simulations using our thermal analysis In 2007, Duncan Lorimer and colleagues emission indicates small objects, typically software on request. Contact us today for your chamber reported fi nding an unexpected burst of radio CSIRO’s Parkes radio telescope with an neutron stars. A possible candidate is a From the simplest components and fittings to intricate or custom build requirements. emission in archival observations of the image of the distribution of gas in the Galaxy. magnetar – a highly magnetized neutron star Parkes telescope (CERN Courier November An artist’s impression of an FRB is shown that can emit powerful gamma-ray fl ashes vacuum chambers and precision computer-controlled 2007 p10). The distance to the burst was away from the Galactic plane emission. (CERN Courier June 2005 p12). deposition systems, our company works with you to New European Distribution Centre calculated to be far outside the Galaxy at (Image credit: Swinburne Astronomy Another interesting scenario has recently cosmological distances and hence the inferred Productions / http://astrometry.fas.harvard. been proposed by Heino Falcke and Luciano devise sound, economical solutions for all your vacuum luminosity was huge – similar to that of a edu/skymaps/halpha.) Rezzolla, affi liated to institutes in the science needs. The recent expansion of the European headquarters has quasar. This fi rst radio “hyperburst” is now Netherlands and Germany. They claim that seen warehousing move to a new facility named Cirket called the Lorimer burst, or FRB 010724. (z ~ 0.12) and confi rms the cosmological there should be a population of neutron stars Now, an international team led by Dan origin of these events. that are stable with respect to gravitational Engineering and Manufacturing House which boasts 17,200 square meters of stocking Thornton of the University of Manchester The detection of these bursts at a great collapse only because they are spinning space. and the Australia Telescope National distance implies a strong instantaneous quickly. Because of magnetic breaking, KJLC® offers expertise in electrical, mechanical and Facility has identifi ed four additional FRBs. luminosity. However, because the FRBs their spin rate must decrease slowly during All bursts are found to be at cosmological last only for milliseconds, the total energy several thousands to millions of years until software engineering. Our skilled project management Therefore rest assured that KJLC® will have the product distances as inferred by their dispersion released in radio waves is relatively modest reaching a critical value when the star team provides the versatility and technical knowhow to you require in stock for shipping the same day. measure, which is related to the integrated – of the order of 1031–1033 J. While this is collapses into a black hole. According to density of free electrons along the line of about the energy output of the Sun in days the “no hair” theorem, black holes cannot lead projects specialising in the fabrication of stainless This exciting development is the next big step in the sight to the source. The free electrons in an to months, it is more than 10 orders of keep the strong magnetic fi eld of the neutron steel and aluminium products for all types of vacuum ionized medium scatter the radio waves and magnitude less than the energy released by star. The magnetosphere would be released company’s evolution towards enhancing KJLC®’s related applications. cause a time delay in the arrival of the burst a gamma-ray burst (GRB) or a supernova during the collapse and result in a radio reputation as their customer’s primary vacuum that increases towards longer wavelengths. explosion (~1044 J). With four FRBs detected burst. FRBs would therefore be the last “cry” The measured delays for the four FRBs in the same survey it is also possible to of neutron stars succumbing to their own “Online” Chamber Builder supplier. suggest a strong contribution from the estimate the event rate. Thornton and gravitational pull. intergalactic medium and that the sources colleagues fi nd a rate of about 10,000 per day are several thousand-million light-years for the full sky – about one burst every 10 s. ● Further reading Have you tried the KJLC® Chamber Builder™? away, corresponding to cosmological Given the number of galaxies in the probed D Thornton et al. 2013 Science 341 53. A new advance in technology! Design and order your redshifts, z, of between 0.45 and 0.96. This is volume, they fi nd an event rate of one burst H Falcke and L Rezzolla 2013 arXiv 1307.1409 signifi cantly more than for the Lorimer burst per thousand years per galaxy. This is about [astro-ph.HE]. very own custom vacuum chamber online. Generate a 3D model in both PDF and STP formats we will quote Picture of the month immediately for you to place an order in no time! In this majestic view of Saturn’s rings, the little blue dot at the lower right is Combined with our online nipple builder you can create the Earth. This humbling view of our planet was taken on 19 July by NASA’s Cassini spacecraft, which has been orbiting the ringed planet since 2004 customised ports and add components to your (CERN Courier September 2004 p13). This is only the third time that an image requirement. Find out more on www.lesker.com/ch of the Earth has been obtained from the outer solar system. The fi rst was taken by NASA’s Voyager 1 spacecraft in 1990 and famously titled “Pale Blue Dot”. The Earth was also part of a stunning image of Saturn eclipsing the Sun that was taken on 15 September 2006. In this wide-fi eld view from Cassini, the Earth–Moon system – at a distance of 1.446 × 109 km – is not resolved spatially. However, the Earth and Moon are clearly separated in another image that was taken on the same day by NASA’s MESSENGER spacecraft, Website: www.lesker.com which is currently orbiting Mercury, the innermost planet of the solar system. (Image credit: NASA/JPL-Caltech/Space Science Institute.) Email: [email protected] Tel: +44 1424 458100 14 Untitled-2Untitled-1 1 1 12/08/201302/08/2013 10:23 09:35 www. CERNCOURIER V OLUME 5 3 N UMBER 7 S EPTEMBER 2 0 1 3 CERN Courier September 2013 Astrowatch C OMPILED BY M ARC TÜRLER , ISDC AND O BSERVATORY OF THE U NIVERSITY OF G ENEVA Your local provider for “All Things Vacuum” Hydra~Cool™ Revolutionary Water Cooling Do fast radio bursts signal black-hole formation? Founded in 1954, the Kurt J. Lesker Company has We are pleased to announce Hydra-Cool™ our cost evolved into a global leader in the design and effective technically superior method of cooling vacuum components. Astronomers using the 64-m Parkes radio 10 times less frequent than core-collapse manufacture of vacuum technology solutions for telescope in Australia have detected radio supernovae (CERN Courier January/ research and production applications. transients with a duration of only 4 ms. February 2006 p10) but a thousand times Our new process allows us to double the surface area These fast radio bursts (FRBs) are a recently more frequent than GRBs. being cooled. With improved water flow the technique discovered class of mysterious sources that With only these characteristics and the Through our four divisions – Vacuum Mart, Process are found at cosmological distances. Now, fact that there is no known transient detected Equipment, Materials and Manufacturing – we provide dramatically reduces the chance of crevice crack two theorists suggest that FRBs are the simultaneously at other wavelengths, it is the most complete line of products and service solutions corrosion – therefore extending the life of a chamber. last signal emitted by neutron stars as they challenging to speculate on the nature of the collapse to form black holes. objects producing FRBs. The brevity of the in the vacuum industry worldwide. We can run simulations using our thermal analysis In 2007, Duncan Lorimer and colleagues emission indicates small objects, typically software on request. Contact us today for your chamber reported fi nding an unexpected burst of radio CSIRO’s Parkes radio telescope with an neutron stars.
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