Archceological Society Newsletter

Fourteen Edited by Alec Barr-Hamilton, 226 Hangleton Road, Hove, BN3 7LP Brighton 778629

September 1974 Published by the Society at Barbican House,

EDITOR 'S NOTES Miss Murray, who spoke first, gave an outl ine of the h istory of the Museum and mentioned that records of 1866 showed that. at that tim e, M embers will reca ll that, at the one-day conference held at Lewes in only 137 objects had been accumulated; that. even in those days, there October last, a resolution was passed which urged the Society to call were problems of expense; and that, as long ag o as 1946. at the upon both County Cou ncils of Sussex to appo int an Archaeological centenary of the Society, Dr. Salzman had made pleas for more museum Officer. We are happy to report t hat. in W est Sussex, Mr. M . F. space and for work room for students. Up to the present, there had been Aldsworth has been appointed to this position; and that a si milar no place in which ou r Cura tor could arrange d isplays, except by the use appointment by the County Council will be made in the near of the Council Room. M iss Murray obse'rved that. by 1970, the museum future. was, itself, almost in dang er of becoming a museum-piece and that it Mr. Ken Suckling, w ell-known to members, in particular for his hard and was then realised that a new form was needed, to interest and to exci te, successful work in organising the one-day conferences in recent yea rs, especially the young; and due regard was paid to the advice of M iss has been appointed M embership Secretary for the Society. Cook, then of the W oodstock Museu m, that the Society shou ld have: A sub-comminee, under the chairmanship of Mr. John Farrant. has 1. A ful l-t ime, paid curator. been appointed to exam ine and report upon t he administration and 2. New Saxon and M edieval Room s, arranged in chronological order. finances of the Society and Trust, both in long-term and short-term However, in addition to these, w e now had a Roman Room, w ith the requirem ents. Will any members, who have suggestions for Stone Age and the Iron Age still to be deal t with. M iss Murrayexpressed co nsideration, p lease communicate w ith the A ssistant Secretary, at appreciation of the donations which had made this work a possibility. Barbican House . M r. Burstow, who followed, quoted from Virgil, with amendment, 'the It is proposed to form a 'Friends of Anne of Cleves' and interested long -awaited day has arrived' and described the great efforts which had members are invi ted to contact Mr. Colin Brent, Chairman of t he been made, in recent yea rs, to m odern ise the Society and the report Museums and Library Comminee. which had been prepared to this end. He pa id tribute to the work of M iss M embers will be pleased to learn that the Department of the Fiona M arsden, our Curator, and to thatof Mr. and M rs. Rector, Mr. Emil Environment has appointed Mr. Alec Down full -ti me Director of Rescue Godfrey, Mr. Garrett and of everyone who had helped in this, the first excavations in the Chichester area; and that Mr. John Gibson -Hill has phase of the long-term project. Mr. Bu rstow reca lled that. when he had been si m ilarly appointed by the Institute of Archaeo logy as full -time been in despair of progress, he had received from Mr. Margary a letter of Director in the Crawley area. encouragement. with an enclosed cheque. He observed that M r. M argary had made many remarkable benef actions to archaeology but ­ We regret to report the death, on July 15, of Mrs. Ursula Ridl ey, of the a great archaeologist in his own right - his w ork would be remembered M anor House, W est Hoathly. M rs. Ridley was a great friend and an by the Margary Room. Honorary M ember of the Society. In rep ly, M r. M argary recalled his ea rl y impressions of the Museum and The Ed itor regrets that the limitations of space in rece nt issues have of the time when Roman and Saxon materials were mixed in the Roman prevented him from doing justice to the act ivities of the many affiliated Room; and compared th is w ith'the present room which was, in itself, a Societies and Groups in the fields of achaeology, local history and tribute to Miss Marsden's taste and hard work. co nservation; he promises to make good this shortcoming at the earliest opportun ity. After the cerem ony, Mr. M argary was entertained to lunch by members of the Council when the Presid ent, in an amusing and polished speech, paid tribute to his achievements. Mr. Margary, in a light -hearted reply RESCUE ARCHAEOLOGY IN SUSSEX and w ith his customary modesty, traced the progress of his long and distinguished career. It is reg retted that, in our last issue, the report of this project of the Institute of Archaeology contained incorrect information. The Field Officer for W est Sussex IS M r. V. Gregory, BA. Mr. D. J . VISIT OF RESEARCH COMMITTEE TO INSTITUTE OF Freke, MA, is a part -ti me member of the unit with responslbilfty for ARCHAEOLOGY urban work and has been directing the excavations in Lewes. On May 1, by the kind Invitation of the Director, Professor J . D. Evans, W est Heath Barrow Cemetary is not in Minsted but is in Harting parish. m embers of the Research Committee vi sited the Institute of Archaeology. They w ere enterta ined to lunch and, subsequently, enjoyed the opportunity to observe the w o rk of the Institute in training, SECURITY conservation and reconstruction; and in its many facets of scie ntific support for archaeological work. A highlight of a most informative and In the interests of security it is absolutely essential that all members, interesting visit was a demonstration of the art of flint tool manufacture when viS iting any of the es tablishments of the Society or Trust. identify by Mr. M ark New com er, of the facu lty, who, from an unprepared themselves by sh owing their membership cards, particularl y at Brandon flint. created a perfect hand-axe in the course of a few minutes, Ba rbican House. while answering the many questions pu t to h im by a fascinated audience.

OPEN ING OF THE MAR GARY ROOM On Saturday, May 11 , th e Roman Room at Barbican House was opened THE HISTORICAL ASSOCIATION AND THE by Mr. Marg ary in the presence of many Council members and guests CARNEGIE UNITED KINGDOM TRUST including M r. Ian A skew , Dr. M arc Fitch, Mr. J . Rendall -Jones, Chief Edu cation Officer, ESCC, Professor Evans and M r. Peter Drewett of the Miss Ch ristine M . Pova" , Association Secretary, kindly d raws the Institute of Archaeology, and Mr. Tranter, representing the Builders, W . attention of our members to the Ca rnegie United Kingdom Tru st, which Burfoot and Sons. is administered by the A ssociation.

57 The Trust makes grants for original work in local history to approved Peacehaven. 1884-1930; E. W . Bernard of St. Leonards. 1901 -4; Miss organisations or groups. on recommendations submitted by the L. V. Vinch. 1 BBl . Documents relating to properties in: Crowborough Association. (Walsh Manor). 1334-1471 ; Cuckfield. 1610- 1 BOO; . 1 B74- 1913; East Grinstead. c.l B89- 191 O. 1951 -68; Frant. 1719; Hastings. Grants are intended as contributions towards expenditure incurred by 1 B72; Haywards Heath. 1 B59-1966; Ringmer. 1709; Westmeston. organisations or groups carrying out specific projects that give Streat and Plumpton. 1676-1930. amateurs experience of origi nal work in local history under skilled direction. to deepen their understanding and appreciation of the Parish: Arlington poor books. 1795- 1 B36; Hastings. All Saints from present day environment. The scope and duration of such projects has 1559. St. Clements from 155B. St. Clement. Halton. 1 B40-1970. St. to be clearly stated. Approved expenditure includes: Mary in the Castle. 182B-1908; Lewes. St. Michael's rates. 1855. Southover. rates. 1854; Maresfield. from 153B; Waldron. 1564-1959; (a) fees paid to recognised experts for instruction and leadership and Westham from 1571 . their incidental expenses; (b) the cost of tools and equipment essential to the particular projects. Parish Council: Withyam. 1894-1962; Hailsham. 1894. subject to the undernoted conditions. Nonconformist: Wittersham M ethodist Church and Rye Wesley Guild: Items purchased with the aid of Trust Grants will be regarded as the accounts. minutes and Sunday School register. 1863-1915. property of the Historical Association on loan to the organisation or Schools: Hove (various). 1893-1963; Newhaven. Railway Road. and group concerned. The organisation or group must accept responsibility Harbour 1921 -73; Waldron C. of E. 1 B83-1922. for the maintenance of all equipment in good condition and for the insurance of items. such as those used for surveying and photography. Official: Hastings Highways 8 0ard Surveyor's receipt and payment having a a value of £25 or more. book. 1864-71 ; Road Fund Grants. 1930-7. Bexhill Municipal Borough. Town Clerk's Dept.. non-current files. c.1939-c.1965. Lewes Magi­ The Historical Association w ill have discretion to re-allocate non­ str'!tes' Courts. misc. records. 1873-1968. expendable equipment wh ich is no longer required by a group for whose use it was purchased. Societies: Dallington W . I. . 1923-70; Peace haven W . I.. 1923-6; Robertsbridge W . I.. 1965; Brighton. Hove and District Society. 1950-71 Groups receiving Trust grants will be expected. but will not normally be (addnl); Sussex Guild of Weavers. Spinners & Dyers. 1950-73. placed under any ob ligation. to publish or to arrange for the publication of the results of their projects. Indexes or gazetteers res ul ti ng from field Business: Bridgman. stonemasons of Lewes (addnl): letter book and work should be deposited in a museum. library or other place where price lists. 1831 -79. they can be made available for reference purposes. The Trust does not offer assistance with the cost of publication. WEST SUSSEX RECORD OFFICE Grants are not available towards the cost of travel or subsistence Famify and personal: Hawkins (addnl): about 250 sketches of Greece incurred by the members of groups participating in field work. or for the and Asia Minor. c.1815 - c.l B25. Rathbone andWoolfe of Liverpool and general subvention of groups. Pulborough: correspondence including 1 st World War letters of R. R. Rathbone. 20th cent.; commonplace book of Thomas Sheward c.l B52. No second grants will be made for the purchase of expendable tools to those who have already received a Trust grant for such items. Estate: Groome and Carleton families: deeds of Arundel and Lyminster. 1603-1880. Manor of Eastbourne Nether Inn. 1668-1935. Deeds of Applications should be submitted direct to the Local History Grants Sub­ Pagham. 1348- 1618. Committee of the Historical Association. 59A Kennington Park Road. London SEll . on a form obtainable from the Association's office. Parish records: Arundel (addnl) 1560-1964. Fernhurst 1547-1946. East Grants will be intimated to applicants by the Trust whose Treasurer will Grinstead c.1700-1960. Middleton (addnl) 1852-1929. Pagham 1707- 1963. Shipley 1609-1966. New Shoreham 1809-35. South Stoke make payments. at appropriate times. to the grant-receiving bodies. 1553-1929. Tortington 1700-1944. Warminghurst 1714-1955. When accepting the Trust's offer of a grant. the correspondent should give the name and address of the person to whom the Trust cheque Parish councif: Horsham Rural 1894-1972. Wisborough Green 1894- should be sent. 1971 . At the end of the period for which a grant has been made. the sponsors Schools: Chichester Oliver Whitby (addnl) 19th - 20th cents .. will send to the Historical Association two separate reports. in Coldwaltham 1908-73. Pag ham 1877- 1951 . Southwick Girls 1890- duplicate. one copy of which will be transmitted to the Trust. Report No. 1952. Tillington 1898-1966. 1 should be sent promptly at the end of the project. Since the primary Hospitals: East Grinstead and Uckfield Joint Hospital Board: M inutes purpose of grants is to promote the training of amateur field workers. it 1917-47. should contain: Business: Li ttlehampton Ferry accounts 1871 -76. (a) a brief account of the w ork accomplished; (b) full details of the training provided. the number of members Miscellaneous: Sketches of Sussex churches by H. J . Guermonprez. participating. and an account of their progress; c.1880-c1920. Ecological study of Bedham common. 1971 . (c) a statement showing the total expenditure on the project incurred by the group. excluding the cost of publication; EXCAVATIONS, 1974. (ei) a note on the condition of all equipment purchased and the address where it is stored. Bramber TQ 192106 Report No.2. which is intended for the information of the Historical A sewer trench across Bramber Street and the car park of the ancient Association. should give a more detailed account of the results house. St. Mary·s. struck a pier of the former Bramber stone bridge (see achieved. with a note as to plans for publication. if any. S.A .C. 2 and SA.C. 86) of which the bottom course. of Sussex marble. remained. The filling of the pier. behind the stone. was of lime and Miss Povall w ill be pleased to send an application form to any group beach cobble concrete; this contained no red particles whictT. in SA.C. which feels that it may be eligible for a grant. 2. it was stated cou ld be seen. thus suggesting a Roman-type mortar. No masonry. other than medieval. was found and the alleged Roman precursor to the medieval bridge seems to have been wishful thinking in INDUSTRIAL ARCHAEOLOGY - GAS MANUFACTURE 1849. Mr. A . C. Coli ins. of South Eastern Gas. is compiling a history of gas In a N-S line. both Nand 5 of the bridge pier. were beech piles. at 10ft. manufacture in the South-east and would welcome any historical below the surface of the alluvium. in silty sand. These seemed to be at material. anecdotes or personal recollections that members might be the same level as that recorded in May. 1957 (SN.Q. report by Mabey) able to send him; all material would be treated with care. and returned. as running w estwards along Bramber Street and appeared to be of where appropriate. He would be grateful for any assistance; and for any ea rlier date than the stone bridge. They might be connected with a information. which should be forwarded to him at the Central landing stage or low quay. as they were packed in large beach cobbles Laboratories. Segas. 709 Old Kent Road. SE29. up to their tops. Th e piles w ere about 5ft. in length. Some medieval roofing tile and Horsham stone 'slate' were wedged in a split in one pile. A provisional radio-carbon date of 1074±60 a.d. has been given by ACCESSIONS TO THE RECORD OFFICES, 1973 Harwell for a piece of the beech. By courtesy of the County Archivists. summary lists of the main The silt has been examined at the Institute of Archaeology and appears accessions to the Record Offices in 1973 are printed below. Readers are to be of freshwater derivation. possibly due to ponding back or other reminded that the appearance of a collection in a listdoes not imply that interference by man during the later Middle Ages or subsequently. Parts it is catalogued and available for consultation. and that. generally. of the silt contained a quantity of small particles of charcoal which may records less than 30 years old are not open to public inspection. have found their way into the river during the iron-working period of late medieval or post-medieval date. EAST SUSSEX RECORD OFFICE E. W. Holden Family. estate and personal: Gwynne family of Folkington: deeds and papers. Arlington. Wilmington and Westham. 1 B05-1909; news Broadfielda, Crawley TQ 268363 cuttings of Lieut. Col. Roland Gwynne's political and social activities. Site I 1929-33. St. Audries (addnl: deeds and papers of the Fuller family. An area immediately to the south-east of this site has now become Bexhill. Hooe. Cat~field . Ninfield. Pevensey and Westham. 15th-19th available. Our original work in this area revealed a number of post-holes cents. Papers relating to Thomas Dyke of Burwash. 1693; Rev. John and a possible beam-slot. all indicating the remains of a fairly Coker Egerton of Burwash. diaries 1 B56-84; Miss Martha Eglin of substantial building. A thick deposit of furnace debris. including burnt

58 clay superstructure, overlying a layer of charcoal, would suggest the The segment of the waterwheel from Panningridge Furnace will go to presence of another furnace group. Unfortunately, this land is required Hastings Museum for display in its Wealden Iron Section. for housing development in the very near future and we intend, The portable horse gin from Ringmer is on display at the Wilmington therefore, to commence rescue operations on September 1. Priory Agricultural Museum. Site II Recent work on defining the limits of a rectangular settlement area are This Society is co-operating with the Southern Industrial History Centre drawing to a close and efforts are now being concentrated on the and has recently carried out, for the latter, a survey of a 19th century eastern side of the settlement. where the V ' shaped perimeter ditch, iron foundry at Hurst Green, the contents of which have been acquired approx. 2m w ide and 1.5m deep; has been traced for some 26m. by them and are now in store. To the west of the ditch, a large number of features and post-holes has Reports have been received, recently, of an old fulling mill at Lindfield been located, from which it has been possible to recognise the remains and of a glass furnace in West Sussex and these are being investigated. of a rectangular bu ilding, approx. 16m by 8m. This consists of 18 post­ A . J . Hllselfoot holes, all showing remarkable uniformity in that they are approx.,76cm in diameter and 84cm deep. Each post was apparently positioned on a base made up of large pieces of tap slag and supported in position by a IFIELD MILL TO 245364 packing consisting of alternate layers of clay and slag. A new development, to the west of Crawley, posed a threat to a number Within this building, though probably not contemporary with it, were of buildings of historic interest and two iron-working site~ . A proposal the bases of some five smelting furnaces and one small hearth. was put to the development authority to ensure that these were Unfortunately, the rermlins of these structures were very fragmentary; preserved in ~itu . The Ifield Mill project is probably the most interesting. nevertheless, it was possible to identify three of the furnaces as being of This building, of three stories, with a Wheel, approx. 2 .25m in diameter, the classic Wealden type'. In their original state, they would have will now form the focal point of a linear recreational area. On the brick consisted of a free-standing cylindrical clay superstructure and would superstructure there is a plaque, engraved with the date '1683', !lave had facilities for slag-tapping and forced draught. All these although the mill is evidently of much later date and the boarded super­ furnac9s w ere approx., 68cm w ide and 2.36m long, including tapping structure has suffered considerable neglect for a number of years and bay. It was possible, also, to recognise another of the furnaces which is more recent damage as a result of vandalism. Apparently, prior to the apparently of later date and of a different type from those described const ruction of the mill, a fairly substantial ironworks existed on this above, in that the remains seem to be those of a domed iron-smelting site and both this and that of the Bewbush site, were destroyed by furnace, approx. 2.1 m wide and 6m long, including tapping bay. It parliamentary forces under the command of Sir William Waller; it has appears, also, to have been equipped with facilities for forced draught been suggested that this destruction took place after the surrender of and slag tapping. Arundel castle in 1643. Immediately to the north of the building, a large, rectangular area oftap Mill Building slag and furnace debris may well have served as a vehicle park and have The building is of a robust construction and appears, basically, to be in been repaired on a number of occasions. relatively good condition, with the exception of the south side, where some replacement of main t imbers will be necessary. Part of this site, including the north and west perimeter, has now been allocated as playing fields. To ensure its safety, it is proposed to Wacerwheel schedule the area. Our plans to continue with the excavation, here, The main components, of axle and spokes, are substantially intact . The have, therefore, been suspended. outer bearing will require to be raised to re -align the mainshaft horizontally; and the ri m sections, sole boards and paddles will need to J. Gibson-Hill be replaced.

Etchingwood, 8uxted TO 502226 A scheme, under the joint supervision of the Sussex Industrial Archaeology Society and the Crawley and Mid-Sussex Archaeological After very large lumps of slag had obstructed ploughing, a small square Group, has been launched. It is the intention to restore the main was excavated by members of the Wealden Iron Research Group. In it, framework of the building and the exterior weather-boarding and to was found a pear-shaped pit, about 6ft x 3ft, containing what was, make the waterwheel capable of rotation on a limited supply of water. It almost certainly, a bloomery smithy hearth of probable Medieval date. It is thought feasible to carry out thiswork with the aid of a voluntary work is hoped to complete the excavation in consultation with Mr. Henry group, augmented by a nucleus of skilled personnel. However, some Cleere after the crop on the field has been harvested. aspects of the w ork may require the specialist assistance of specific C , F. Tebbutt contractors. Discussion is taking place as 10 the future of the building when this work Pippingford Blast Furnace TO 450316 has been carried out. One proposal is that, while Crawley lacks a Work on No. 2 Furnace took place for three weeks in April, under the museum, the Mill could supply suitable temporary exhibition and direction of David Crossley, w ith very successful results. This furnace, storage space. The opportunity exists for the restoration to be discovered last year, was excavated down to its working level and the undertaken as part of a community project. taking full advantage of the base was found to be nearly intact. The wheel pit and mill race, educational value that it embodies. constructed of masonry, with a wooden floor, was complete and the Volunteers interested in w orking on the above project should contact wooden trough, to feed an overshot wheel, was lying at the bottom of Mr. E. Henbury, Project Director, Ifield Mill Cottage, Rusper Road, Ifield, the race. Even more spectacular, was the discovery of a circular wood­ Crawley (telephone Crawley 36018). While experience in this type of lined casting pit, about 6ft across by 13ft deep, in perfect condition. At work is not necessary, we w ill be especially interested to hear from the bottom of this, a wooden floor which would have had to take the those who have a skill in constructional work; free accommodation can weight of heavy guns in their moulds, was supported by an elaborately be arranged for volunteers who wish to stay for long periods. constructed timber support frame; this was taken out, for preservation. Owing to the waterlogged conditions, much other timbering, such as J . Gibson-Hill bellows supports, survived at the working levels. Finds included broken tools, pottery, wine bottles and parts of clay casting-moulds, all supporting a late 17th or early 18th century date. BOOKSHELF With the w illing consent of the owner, Mr. A. Morriss, the D.O.E. are Harold D. Spears. Soma of the Street Names of Eastbourne actively considering the practicability of preserving the site, under (Eastbourne Local History Society, reprinted 1974), 24pp., illustrations, guardianship, for future limited public access. 40p post-free, from Mr. J . E. Gryspeerdt. 73 Meads Street. Eastbourne or 35p from Eastbourne Central Library. C, F, Tebbutt This booklet is a revelation to the student of local history in Sussex. The information which it offers is factual, immensely interesting and is, obviously, the result of careful research. It deals with only one-th ird of WEALDEN IRON RESEARCH GROUP the town's street-names but these contain a remarkably high Members and branches have continued their visiting and recording of proportion of those that are derived from long-forgotten fields, springs, Straker blast furnace sites. A start has been made on the task of recata­ ways and buildings; and from the important families of the distant and loging, and improving, the storage conditions of the Straker collection of the not- so-distant past. These names tell the story of Bourne from its slags, pottery, photographs, etc., now stored at . Anglo-Saxon settlements and gives a clear picture of its rural setting by C. F. Tebbutt sea and down in the days before its development as a popular seaside resort. Perhaps, in future editions, a little descriptive matter, with approximate dates, m ight accompany the illustrations; and a sketch­ map, showing the position of the streets with the more interesting SUSSEX INDUSTRIAL ARCHAEOLOGY SOCIETY nElmes might be of assistance to readers who may not be familiar with At Batemans, the pond and lade has been cleaned out and filled w.ith the terrain. water. A start has been made on the new water wheel and the new spur This booklet is attractively presented and is recommended as a 'most wheel should ba finished shortly. useful and interesting little work, at a modest price. Its preface tells us Crawley District Council have acquired the old wat er mill at Ifield, for that, ever since the formation of the Eastbourne Local History Society, preservation as an amenity centre; this Society is assisting them in its its Committee has aimed at such a publication; and it is to be hoped that restoration. this edition will receive the wide support that it deserves so that the Society may be encouraged to publish similar works. Lurgashall water mill is being transferred to the Open Air Museum, Singleton. A , 8-H.

59 Hugh Barty-K ing S ussex in 18 3 9 (Reading: Osprey Publishing Co ., The Manor House of Clapham stood just south-west of the Parish 1974), 64pp. incl. 42 illus" price [1 .95. Church, on the brow of the hill overlooking the river. and we know little of its appearance in medieval times. It was substantially altered in the This is a vol ume in the Landscape Histories series which focus late 16th century and pulled down in 1837-8 after having been used as a attention upon one small part of England during a single unexceptional school for almost a hundred years. year. By describing in detail the circumstances of everyday life. and illustrating them with a large number of contemporaneous illus· As the Bishop had two important residences in Sussex he presumably trations, they make the reader aware of how it felt to be alive in that used Clapham merely as a convenient lodging. only four miles from place at that time.' Such is the publisher's claim, and at the level of a Westm inster. when he was actively engaged in business concerning picture book with an anecdotal (but not necessarily related) text this the King 's divorce. How long he remained there we do not know but he volume succeeds. However, even if the reader does not seek profound died at Ch ichester on August 20. 1536 at the age of 81 . outlivi ng Queen analysis (and, after all. the book is intended for a 'popular' market). it has Catherine by only a few months. defects; and if the chapter heads are accepted as a reasonable sub­ E, E, F, Smith division of the subject matter. some chapters contain so little as to be Seaetary. London and Middlesex Archaeologica l Society scarcely meaningful (e.g., 'Social Conventions' consists of two extracts from E. B. Ellman's Recollections); or positively misleading (e.g" the only Sussex SCllools mentioned In 'Educallon' are two free ones - at Pet ­ RUSS IAN -INSC RIBED SLABS AT BIGN O R w orth and the Schools of Industry at Llndfield) M ore seriOUS , there are doubtful statements of fact, certainly on topics of which the reviewer About three years ago, two broken. Inscribed slabs of marble came into can claim some knowledge. Thus on pp. 6-7. we are told that iron -ore my possesslon . .from a cottage garden in nearby Sutton. They are said to was still being mined and smelted, though on a small scale (1815 is have been brought to Sutton from Lavington Park. in about 1902. byone generally accepted as the latest date), that chalk was shipped from the of the gardeners of that estate who. perhaps, required the stones for a Eastbourne cl iffs to Rye for lime-burning (this could be true. but contem­ rockery or was Intrigued by them; thiS information is vouched for. by h is poraries usually noted the carriage to the Hastings kilns). that Hastings son. It is noteworthy that, in 1902, t\>le house ca lled Lavington Park (now had a harbour (it had only an open beach), that the Arun Navigation Co. Seaford College) was undergOing extensive repairs, The previous was formed a few years before 1839 (54 years earlier). and that the owners. the W ilberforces, had sold to the Buchanans. Ouse was navigable by large ships to within five miles of Cuckfield (for The smaller slab is approx. 9 ins x 8 ins x 7ins and the larger 9ins x 9 .5ins Cuckfield. read Uckfield, but it is doubtful whether seagoing vessels x 9.75ins. each stone being. apparently. half of a complete slab. The could reach Lewes); finally, the reviewer can make no sense of most of inscriptions are in Russian: that on the thicker slab is professionally the popu lation figures on page 8 against V. C.H" vol. 2. engraved while that on the other appears to have been executed by a The trouble seems to be that the author has relied uncritically on a somewhat unskilled hand. Translated, the smaller reads: ' 'Under this narrow range of printed sources. such as guide books and Pi got's stone (?) rest the ashes of a g irl deceased on the 4th . 1846 ... age directory, wh ich plagiarised earlier publications, themselves not from birth . (71 6 years '; that on the larger stone reads:' . .. tour-year­ necessarily accurate; wh ile authoritative modern wr iting. on both local old . Inconsolable .. to her angel .. Heavens . . . deceased . .. 3rd and national history, has been passed by. December John H. Farrant The tinY church In Lavlngton Park, close to the house. IS now the school chapel and IS unlikely to have been the source of the stones since there IS no eVidence of any Russian bunal in the burial books of the time or In Forthcoming Publication the Registrar's records. While it IS a fact that Bishop W ilberforce' s gra ndfather was a 'Muscovy merchant', his time was too early. I have Alec Down, Chichester Excavations 2 (Ch ichester Phillimore and Co .. made enqu iries of such authorities as the Master of Selwyn and David Ltd" scheduled for publication on October 1, 1974). 176pp., III us .. incl. Newsome (the author of The Parting of Friends, on the Wilberforce 3 1 half tones. one colour plate and 73pp. of line drawings. price [4.25. family) and both w ere kind enough to reply. each saYing that he knew of This is the second of the volumes published for the Chichester no Russian connection. Excavations Committee and is presented to A . H Collins, M A. FSA. in Oddly enough. the last incumbent of Lavington (East or Woolavington) recognition of hiS services as Honorary Secretary of the Excavations who was named Williams. had spent time in Russia earlier in life; but he Committee for over 25 years. It contains specialist reports which was at Lavlngton in the nineteen-thirties and the stones had come to include a paper on th e analysIs of Roman and Medieval Bloomery slags Sutton. long before. from two of the sites. by David Butler; on medieval pottery, by K. J . Barton; on post-medieval pottery from All Saints. by J . G. Hurst; on While enquiring among emigres in London. I heard that the English Samian ware by B.'Hartley and G. Dannell and on 19th century wares, morganatic wife of one of the Czars was buried at Hayling Island in the by Sheila M organ. Other contributions are from Christopher Searle on last century; later, I discovered that two RUSS ian ar istocratic ladies the City Gates. D. F. Mackreth on Roman brooches and David Johnson appear to have been buried in North Hayling much more recently but, so on the 'David Greig' mosaic. The volume also contains a compre­ far. I have had no confirmation of anyone ea rlier. hensive gazetteer of Saxon and medieval sites and finds, w ith in the City, There was also the gentleman who I ived at Stansted and who wished to together w ith an addendum to the Roman gazetteer published w ith spend a fortune on the conversion of the Jews. travelling in his own Volume I. coach to Moscow to visit the Czar and ask for his support. In about 1814; Hastings Area A rchaeological Papers but there is no record that he brought anyone back with him. The first two in a series of booklets have recently been published and One is reduced to the supposition that these stones could have come to are offered to members of local archaeological societies at the special this country as ballast in a Ru ss ian ship and arrived at Lavington Park in combined order rate of 95p post free; and they can beobtained from 16, a load of broken stone for making roads or terraces. Even so. they pose Langham Road, Robertsbridge, TN32 5DX. The proceeds from the sales some questions. Was cremation used in Russia. or elsewhere. In 1846? of these publications will help to finance the Hastings Area Architec· Where would such small and intimate memorials be placed and why tural Survey. T:ley are' should they have been torn down and broken? No. 1. DaVid Martin. Bodiam Castle Medieval Bridges. 22pp .. five J . M . Bickerdike (Mrs.) photographs, price 35p post -free A re port on the excavations carried out by the Robertsbridge and District Archaeological Society In 1970. TH E COAST OF SUSSEX DURING THE NAPOLEONIC No. 2. DaVid M artin Hastings Augustinian Priory. 46pp .. eight WARS photographs, 18 figures, price 80p post -free A report on the emer­ gency excavati ons of 1972-73 I understand that no histOrian has published an account of the military actiVities undertaken to defend th e coas t of Kent and Sussex during the time of the Napoleonic Wars. ROBERT SHERBURNE. BISHOP OF CHICHESTER May I suggest that such a history might be of conSiderable Interest not It is now possible to add a small footnote to the adm irable accou nt of the only to members of the SAS., but to many oth ers. life of Robert Sherburne, Bishop of Chichester, by Francis W . Steer. J , W . Tattersall-W right which was published as one of The Chichester Papers in 1960 , In the Letters and Papers of Henry VIII, VoIiV. part 2. page 2088. is an extract from a letter written by the Bishop to Cardinal Wolsey and dated COPYRIGHT October 9, 1528. 'from h is small house at Clapham '. His residence at Clapham appears to be unrecorded elsewhere and there was no I th ink that other local groups. as well as ou rs, w ould apprecia te It If you Indication as to precisely where he resided. until recently when a will of could persuade some SUitably learned person to write something for the 1538 provided a clue. Newsletter on 'copyright' in such ventures.' It w ould also be a help to know the legal pOSition about stating who publishes our Bu lletins, The w ill of John,Worsopp. 'Scryvener of Courte lettre·. dated August 28, 1538 (pCC 22 Dyngeley) has a codicil dated September 20. 1538 M , J . Leppard relating to property In Clapham owned by the testator This Included the Editor and Chairman, The East Grinstead Society. M anor and Ma nor House which he had on lease from Thomas Ireland • Such ventures as Reminiscences of East Gfln stead and he states that 'Joan Irelaund widow late Wife of W illiam Irelaunde deceased and Thomas Irelaund sonn and helfe of the sa ide William have of the gyfte and graunte of the Reverend Father In God Robert late Blshopp of Chichester the mannour of Clapham w ith thappurtenances Pflnted by Preston Prmtmg Co" 40lA Brighton Road, ShorBh8m -by-Sea. thereof in the county of Surrey', etc. Telephone 62 134

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