ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT PLAN
FOR THE PROPOSED DEVELOPMENT OF ISLAND WASTE MANAGEMENT CENTER IN TH. VANDHOO
Prepared by: Ahmed Hassaan Zuhair Prepared for: Ministry of Environment and Energy
September 2017 Contents DECLARATION OF THE AUTHOR ...... 2 NON-TECHNICAL SUMMARY ...... 3
ާސާލުޚ ާދާސ ...... 4 CHAPTER 1 INTRODUCTION ...... 5 1.1. Project Background and Justification ...... 5 1.2. Environmental Management Plan and Environmental Permits ...... 6 1.3. Desk Study Review ...... 6 1.4. Report Preparation ...... 7 CHAPTER 2 PROJECT DESCRIPTION ...... 8 2.1. Location and Study Area ...... 8 2.2. Project Components ...... 8 2.3. Construction Schedule ...... 11 2.4. Project Inputs and Outputs ...... 11 CHAPTER 3 EXISTING ENVIRONMENT ...... 14 3.1. Current Waste Management Practices ...... 14 3.2. Unassigned Waste Dumping ...... 16 3.3. Project Site and Access Road ...... 17 3.4. Coastal Erosion ...... 18 3.5. Vegetation ...... 18 3.6. Environmental Sensitive Areas ...... 19 CHAPTER 4 IMPACT IDENTIFICATION ...... 21 4.1. Impact Assessment Methodology ...... 21 4.2. Potential Impacts of the Project ...... 24 CHAPTER 5 MITIGATION MEASURES ...... 27 CHAPTER 6 ENVIRONMENTAL MONITORING ...... 35 6.1. Monitoring Program ...... 35 6.2. Responsibility ...... 36 6.3. Reporting ...... 36 CHAPTER 7 RECOMMENDATIONS AND CONCLUSION ...... 38 REFERENCES ...... 39 APPENDICES ...... 40
1 | P a g e
DECLARATION OF THE AUTHOR
I hereby declare that the information provided in this EMP are true, complete and accurate to the best of my knowledge and is based on the information available at the time of writing.
Ahmed Hassaan Zuhair
Environmental and Social Safeguards Officer
Maldives Clean Environment Project
Ministry of Environment and Energy
2 | P a g e
NON-TECHNICAL SUMMARY
The proposed development of Island Waste Management Center (IWMC) in Th Vandhoo is funded by the Public Sector Investment Program (PSIP) of the Government of Maldives. The aim of this project is to alleviate current waste management problems endured by the island community and thereby improve the overall environmental and public health condition of the island.
The proposed IWMC will be developed in a 500 square meters’ area located in the South East side of the island. This site is at a considerable distance away from the residential population and vegetation line and meets the land allocation criteria of both Maldives Land and Survey Authority (MLSA) and Environmental Protection Agency (EPA). At present, no major vegetation exists in the site except some scrubs. However, according to the information provided by the Island Council, 7 mature coconut palms and 3 mature trees (Alexandrian laurel) were previously present at the site. The Island Council has been undertaking land clearance works since 2015, as the site has been identified by the council to develop IWMC in 2015.
An EPA declared environmentally sensitive mangrove area exists in the north western side of the island. However, this area is 400 meters away from the proposed IWMC and therefore, no negative impacts to this area are envisaged to occur as a result of the project.
The project will provide basic infrastructure necessary to manage waste at island level and ensure composting is undertaken in the island. After completion of civil works, the IWMC will be operated by the Island Council in accordance to the Island Waste Management Plan. Training on composting for island level staffs and machinery such as, shredders, wood chippers and bottle crushers will be provided to facilitate adequate functioning of the IWMC. Waste that is not manageable at the island level will be stored and regularly transferred to a regional waste management facility (RWMF). All civil works of the project are expected to be completed within 6 months.
Environmental impacts of the project were evaluated using the Rapid Impact Assessment Method (RIAM). Majority of the impacts envisaged for the project are highly positive. The project is expected to bring numerous economic benefits to the island community, in additional to the perceivable environmental and public health related benefits. The only permanent negative impact likely to occur as a result of the project is related to the removal of vegetation. However, the amount of vegetation clearance involved is minimal and therefore, if the mitigation measures proposed in this management plan are adhered, almost all the negative impacts can be brought to an acceptable level.
The monitoring program proposed in the EMP will ensure the implementation of the mitigation measures and assist in the identification of unforeseen impacts throughout the project.
Overall, the project is expected to provide significant socio-economic and environmental benefits for the local community.
3 | P a g e
ާސާލުޚ ާދާސ
ްނެގްށޮކުދަރަޚ ްނުށަދ ެގްމާރޮރްޕ ްޓްނަމްޓްސެވްނިއ ރަޓްކެސ ްކިލްބަޕ ެގުރާކުރަސ ިހެވިދ ީކަޢޫރްޝަމ ެގުމުރުކުމިއާޤ ިށޮކިނުކ ޫދްނަވ .ތ ިބިލްއެލްއަޙ ޭވެދެއ ްށައަލަސްއަމ ެގީނުކ ާވިއަފެވާމިދ ްށައޫދްނަވ .ތ ްނުބަބަސ ެގުޢޫރްޝަމިމ .ެވެކެޢޫރްޝަމ ާވިއަފިވޭރ ްށަމުޔިދްނެގްށައިރުކ .ެވެއެވެލެބ ްށަމަކެނާދްނެގެވުޅަގނަރ ުތަލާޙ ީހްއިސ ިއާޓްއެވާމިތ ެގުށަރ
ްށަމުރުކުމިއާޤ ިށޮކިނުކ .ެވ ެއެނާދްނެގިވެރުކުމިއާޤ ްނުށަދ ެގުޢޫރްޝަމިމ ްއެޓްށޮކިނުކ ެގުރަޓީމަކައ 500 ިއަގުތާރަފ ުނުކެދ ުރިއ ެގޫދްނަވ .ތ ްނުމަކްނެހެއ .ެވެކެދްއަޙަރަސ ާވިއަގުރުދ ްށަކަރަވޭދުފ ިއާށަފިޅޭހ ެގުށަރ ިއާކަތުދްއަޙަރަސ ޭޅުއިރިދ ްނުހީމ ީކަދްއަޙަރަސ ާވިއަފިޅެއަޑނަކ ްށަކަތުޑނަގްނިމ ޭޅުގްނެގ ްނ ިއީޓިރޯތޮއ ޭވރަސ ްޑްނެއ ްޑްނޭލ ްސްވިޑްލޯމ ިއާއީސްނެޖޭއ ްނަޝްކެޓޮރްޕ ްލަޓްނަމްނަރަޔަވްނެއ ިއަގުމުރުކްސާފްނިބ ްސެވަމަނ .ެވެއެވެރުކަގ ަހާފ ްނަކްތެނ ްއެހަގ ަތަވުނ ްއެކުރ ާވިއަފިދޯފ ްސެވްއެއ ުތުގަވިމ ިއަގުދްއަޙަރަސ ިމ ިދައ .ެވެއެތެފ ުދްއަޙަރަސިމ މިސަރަޙައްދުގައި ކުރިން 7 ފޯދިފައިވާ ރުކާއި، 3 ފުނަ ގަސް ހުރިކަމަށް ރަށު ކައުންސިލުން މައުލޫމާތު ދެއްވައެވެ. މިސަރަޙައްދަކީ ކުނިކޮށި ެގްލިސްނުއަކ ްށަމަކްއެދްއަޙަރ ަސ ާވިށެފ ްތަކްއަސަމ ެގުމުރުކުފާސްނިބ ާމްނިނ ްނުކަމުވުލަދްއަބ ުމްނާއ ެގްލިސްނުއަކ ުރަހ ައ ަނަވ 2015 ްށަމުޅެއ .ެވެއަވްއެދ ުތާމޫލުއަމ ްނުތާރަފ
ތިމާވެށީގެ ގޮތުން ނާޒުކު ސަރަޙައްދެއްގެ ގޮތުގައި ކަނޑައެޅިފައިވާ ކުޅިއެއް ރަށުގެ ހުޅަނގު ދެކުނު ފަރާތުގައި އޮ ވެއެވެ. ނަމަވެސް، މިކުޅިއާއި މަޝްރޫޢުގެ ދަށުން ޤާއިމުކުރެވޭ ކުނިކޮށްޓާއި ދެމެދު 400 މީޓަރުގެ ދުރުމިން ހުރެއެވެ. އެހެންކަމުން، މަޝްރޫޢުގެ ސަބަބުން މިސަރަޙައްދަށް .ެވެއެވެލެބުނ ްށަކަމަކެނ ާރޯފ ްއެރަސައ ޭވެދޭނ ްސެވްއެއ
ްނީރްމަތ ެގުތޮގެނާރުކުރާޔްއަތުދާކ ިއާކަތްތާލާއ ާވްނުނޭބ ްށަމުރުކްޖޭނެމ ިނުކ ިއަގްއެތޮގ ިވެޓްއެހ ެމެދ ިއަގޫދްނަވ .ތ ްނުށަދ ެގުޢޫރްޝަމިމ ްތަމުދިޚ ެގުމުރުކްޖޭނެމ ިނުކ ްނުމުމިނ ްތަކްއަސަމ ީލަމައ ެގީށޮކިނުކ ޭވެރުކުމިއާޤ ްނުށަދ ެގުޢޫރްޝަމިމ .ެވެއެނާދްނެގިވެދްށޮކުރޯފ ުށަރ ްށަތޮގްއެއ ިއާނޭލްޕ ޭހެބ ާމުރުކްޖޭނެމިނުކ ިއަގުރަވްނެފ ުށަރ ާވިއަފިދެހ ިއަގޫދްނަވ .ތ ީނާދްނެގްށ ައިރުކ ްތަކްއަސަމ ެގުމުނިދްށޮކުރޯފ .ެވެއެވިއަފިހެޖަމަހ ްސެވްށަމުއިދ ްނެގ ްށަކަޒަކުރަމ ީދްއަޙަރަސ ްނުދިއާވަޤ ިނުކ ޭވެރުކުންޖޭނެމ ިއަގުރަވްނެފުށަރ ިދައ .ެވެންނުތާރަފ ެގްލިސްނުއަކ .ެވެއެވެރުކާފަލ ްށަމަކެނޭމިނ ިއަގޭރެތްސަވުދްސަމ 6 ްތަކްއަސަމ ީލަމައ ެގުޢޫރްޝަމިމ
.ެވެޑަތެމ ްޓްނަމްސެސެއ ްޓްކެޕްމިއ ްޑިޕެރ ީނަވިއަފްށޮކްނުނޭބ ްށަމުރުކާސާރިދ ުރަވްނިމ ާރޯފުރަސައ ްށަޓްއެވާމިތ ްނުބަބަސ ެގުޢޫރްޝަމިމ ްށަމަކެނޭބިލ ްއެކަތާދިއަފ ަނިގ ްށައާރިއާދީހްއިސ ިއާށަޓްއެވާމިތ ިއާށަދާސިތ ްޤިއ ެގުށަރ ިއަގްއެތޮގަލްމުޖ ްނުބަބަސ ެގުޢޫރްޝަމިމ ްނުތޮގިމ ްށަޓްއެވާމިތ ްނުބަސ ެގުމުރުކުފާސ ްނިބ ީނެވެރުކަގަހާފ ިނަކެއަމަހ ިއަގުތޮގ ެގްއެމުލްއެގ ޭވެރުކުނަދާއިއ ޭބިލ ްނުތޮގ ެގީށެވާމިތ .ެވެއެވެލެބ .ެވެނޫނ ްއެރަސައ ުޑޮބ ީއިމ ުރިއާލަބާޅައ ިއާކަތާދިއަފ ޭބިލ ްނުބަބަސ ެގުޢޫރްޝަމިމ ްސެވަމަނ .ެވެރަސައ ާރޯފ
ެގުމުރުކަޑުކުރަސައ ެގީށެވާމ ިތ ާވިއަފްށޮކަގަހާފ ިއަގުޓޯޕިރ ީކަމުނޭބ ެގްމާރްގޮރްޕ ގްނިރަޓިނޮމ ޭނެމިހ ިއަގްނޭލްޕ ްޓްނަމްޖޭނެމ ެގީށެވާމިތިމ ީއާމިތުޖިއ ިދައ ެގީށެވާމިތ ާވުނިއަފިވެރުކަގަހާފ ިއަގުޓޯޕިރިމ ިދައ .ެވެމުލެބ ޯތޭވ ިއަފާޅައ ިއަގުތޮގ ާވްނެގީށަކެއ ްއަތުޅަވަޔިފ ޭހެޖްނަޅައ ްނުތޮގ .ެވެމުޅެއ ްއަތުޅަވަޔިފ ާވްނެގީށަކެއ ެނަގެނެދ ްށަރުތިއ ްއަތުރަސައ
ަނިގ ުނަހުނ ްނުތޮގީދާޞިތ ްޤިއ ިދައ ިއާމިތުޖިއ ިއާންނުތޮގ ެގީށެވާމިތ ްށަންނުތިޔްއަރ ެގޫދްނަވ .ތ ްނުބުބަސ ެގުޢޫރްޝަމިމ ިއަގްއެތޮގަލްމުޖ .ެވެއެވެލެބ ްށަމަކެނާދްނެގިބިލ ްއެކަތާދިއަފ
4 | P a g e
CHAPTER 1 INTRODUCTION
1.1. Project Background and Justification
Th Vandhoo is an island in the administrative atoll of Kolhumadul. Vandhoo is located northeast of Hirilandhoo and southeast of Kandoodhoo with geographic coordinates 02°17′25″N 72°56′30″E. The island has an elevation of 10 meters (m) and a land area of 23 hectares (ha). The current population is 403 people.
The island faces some serious environmental concerns such as pollution due to unmanaged waste and coastal erosion. Erosion is most prevalent in north side of the island where at present a buffer of only 10 m exists between the shoreline and houses. The current waste management area is very close to the school and health center, and as a result, a large part of the community that attains services from these places gets continually exposed to the smoke arising from opening burning. Moreover, a substantial amount of waste enters the beach and lagoon, leading to pollution of coastal areas. Hence, improper waste management has become a major concern that needs immediate remedial measures to prevent further degradation of the environment and safeguard the wellbeing of the island community.
The proposed project intends to develop a well-equipped modern island waste management center (IWMC) in a 500 square meters (sqm) area located in the South East side of the island. The project is financed by the Public Sector Investment Programme (PSIP) of the Government of Maldives (GoM). Once the construction of IWMC is completed, operation of the IWMC will be facilitated under the Island Waste Management Plan (IWMP) devised by the Island Council and approved by the Environmental Protection Agency (EPA).
The scope of the IWMC is to facilitate island level management of waste generated within the island. This project will provide the basic infrastructure for management of waste at the island level and ensure composting is undertaken at the island. Appropriate training will be provided to island level staffs for this purpose. Based on fund availability, machinery such as, shredders, wood chippers and bottle crushers will be provided for the adequate functioning of the IWMC. The waste that is not manageable at the island level will be stored and transferred to a central regional facility at least twice a month.
Previous research suggests that 70% of the waste generated in the Maldives are organic in nature, of which majority is food waste (Peterson, 2013). Thus, composting alone will significantly reduce the amount of waste that requires disposing. Moreover, economic benefits could be attained through selling of compost. This model of managing waste as much as possible at the island level prior to transfer of waste to the regional facility is the model promoted via the waste management policy of the Maldives (Ministry of Environment and Energy [MEE], 2015).
A regional waste management facility (RWMF) for Zone 4 and 5 is proposed to be developed through the World Bank funded Maldives Clean Environment Project (MCEP). Kolhumadulu atoll falls in Zone 4 and therefore, once the RWMF for Zone 4 and 5 is complete and becomes operational, the unmanageable waste from Th Vandhoo will be regularly transferred to this facility. However, MCEP is a six years long project and therefore, for the immediate time being, inorganic waste from the IWMC has to be carried to Thilafushi.
5 | P a g e
1.2. Environmental Management Plan and Environmental Permits
The Maldives national requirements for Environmental Impact Assessment are set out in the Environmental Impact Assessment (EIA) Regulations, 2012. Part III of this regulation includes a description of the Screening Process applied to development proposals. Schedule D of the Regulations provides a screening list of all development types for which full EIA is mandatory. According to Schedule D included in Amendment 2 to the EIA regulations 2012, waste management practices that require preparation of an EIA are:
1. Projects involving operation of large incinerators with a capacity of more than 10 tons per day.
2. Development of large waste management centers that treats more than 10 tons of waste per day.
3. Projects that involve development of a landfill by using waste.
Proposed developments that do not fall within Schedule D are subject to manual screening by the Environmental Protection Agency (EPA), for which a Screening Form must be submitted providing relevant development details. Within 10 days, the EPA will decide whether the proposed development is approved, or needs further study, which may be required in the form of an EIA or Environmental Management Plan (EMP) (Ministry of Environment and Energy [MEE], 2012).
The proposed development is small scale and therefore is not listed under the Schedule D of the EIA Regulation. A screening process was followed and the screening decision from EPA was to submit an EMP and get approval prior to commencement of project activities. The screening decision is provided in Appendix A of this report.
Site selection process was undertaken by the Island Council in accordance to the Waste Management Regulation (2013/R-58). The site was approved by EPA and Maldives Land Survey Authority (MLSA). The conditions set forth in these approvals requires the IWMC to maintain a distance of 30 m from the vegetation line and 60 m from residential population. Append B of this report provides the site approval letters issued by EPA and MLSA.
In practice, all reports are required to be submitted to EPA and a copy of reports sent to the respective atoll councils for their contentment. A copy of the EMP was sent to Kolhumadulu Atoll Council prior to submitting the report to EPA (Appendix C).
1.3. Desk Study Review
A literature review was conducted to acquire background information related to the site and the general environment of the island, as well as to identify possible environmental impacts of projects of similar settings. In this context, the following documents were reviewed
EMP for upgrading Island Waste Management Center Fuvahmulah (Zuhair, 2016) EMP for upgrading Island Waste Management Center Hulhudhoo-Meedhoo (Zuhair, 2016)
6 | P a g e
EMP for the establishment of Island Waste Management Center in HA. Muraidhoo, HA. Thakandhoo, HA. Molhadhoo, HDh. Finey, HDh. Hirimaradhoo, HDh. Kurinbi and HDh. Vaikaradhoo (Maldives Energy and Environmental Company [MEECO], 2017) Maldives Clean Environment Project Environmental and Social Assessment and Management Framework (ESAMF) & Resettlement Policy Framework (RPF) (Ministry of Environment and Energy [MEE], 2016)
1.4. Report Preparation
This report is prepared by Mr. Ahmed Hassaan Zuhair, the Environmental and Social Safeguards Officer of MCEP. According to the second and third amendments to EIA regulations 2012, EMP reports can be prepared by anyone with a minimum educational qualification of first degree in a field related to environment and do not necessarily have to be an EIA consultant registered in EPA. The educational certificates and curriculum vitae of the author is provided in Appendix D.
7 | P a g e
CHAPTER 2 PROJECT DESCRIPTION
2.1. Location and Study Area
The Government of Maldives recognizes Thaa Atoll Vandhoo as an islands facing serious waste management problems in the country and thus intends to develop a proper IWMC to facilitate the establishment of a sound waste management system at island level. This project will be funded by the PSIP of the GoM.
The size of the proposed IWMC is 500 sqm which is compatible with the population and land size requirement of EPA. The proposed IWMC will be constructed in a remote location at the south east side of the island as shown in figure 1.
An A-3 size scaled map showing the study area and important land marks is presented in Appendix E of the report. A reduced version of this map is provided in figure 2.
Figure 1 Location of the proposed IWMC
2.2. Project Components
The proposed construction of IWMC will improve the overall waste management system of the island. The overall targets of island waste management projects include the following:
8 | P a g e
Alleviate the waste management issues faced by the island community. Facilitate island council to establish rules and regulations for waste management through the development of the required infrastructure. Assist island council to establish a sound waste collection system through fee collection, which in turn can contribute to a part of the entire waste management cost. Reduce the waste produced and to use reusable materials. Aggregate all waste that is produced and dispose of it properly. Raise awareness of the community regarding the economic benefits of keeping the island clean.
Construction phase of the proposed development includes the following:
1. Site Clearance
The proposed site has already been cleared expect for a few shrubs and weeds. Therefore, minimal site clearing works are required, which includes grubbing of roots. The site needs to be levelled. A vibratory plate compactor maybe required for levelling works.
2. Collection Bay Area
The collection bay will have a waste storing area and different compartments for storing segregated waste including metals, glass, plastics and paper. A separate area will be allocated for storing hazardous waste. Collection bay also includes an equipment room. Equipment will be provided for plastic shredding, bottle crushing and wood chipping depending on fund availability. All compartments and rooms within the IWMC will be constructed with roofing and hard flooring. Metal sliding doors will be established in hazardous waste storage room and equipment room. In addition to this, the equipment room will be supplied with a ceiling fan, lights and 3 phase power points. The size of the entire collection bay area is 27.35 m by 4.3 m.
3. Compost Slab
A concrete pad for simple windrow composting will be constructed. The thickness of the slab will be 0.1 m and will be laid at 1% slope. The size of the proposed concrete slab is 12.0 m by 3.0 m. Reinforced concrete slabs are cast over 3 ground beams. Excavation will be done manually to a depth of 0.3 m to lay the beams.
4. Groundwater Pump Room
A groundwater well of 1 m diameter will be constructed at the eastern corner of the IWMC. Excavation will be done based on the depth of groundwater table. The groundwater well will be connected to a pump and enclosed in a 1.5 m by 1.5 m hut. Access to the hut will be through a timber door. Manual excavation is sufficient for the purpose due to the small scale of the scope of works involved. Water required for composting during operational phase will be drawn through this well.
9 | P a g e
5. Leachate Collection Tank
The leachate collection tank will be located at the end of the compost slab. The total size of tank is 2.0 m by 3.0 m.
6. Perimeter Fence
The perimeter of the IWMC will be covered with fencing expect the gate area. The height of the fence is 2.8 m (0.6 m masonry wall and 2.1 m of PVC coated mesh). The mesh is held together by 50 millimeters (mm) GI pipes welded both vertically and horizontally with a pacing of 2 m.
Operational phase of the proposed development includes the following:
1. Waste Collection Services
After construction works are completed the IWMC will be officially handed over to the Island Council of Th Vandhoo. The Island Council will manage the operation of the IWMC according to the approved IWMP. Daily collection services will be provided at a cost of MVR 100 per household. Each house will be supplied with bins to facilitate segregation of waste at household level. Two battery operated vehicles are proposed to be used for household waste collection.
2. Sorting
Collected waste will be kept in the waste storing area and sorted into compostable waste and other waste. After sorting the non-compostable inorganic waste will be compacted / crushed / shredded and stored in the designated areas for metal, paper and cardboard, plastic, glass and hazardous waste.
3. Composting
Compostable waste will be transferred to the composting slab after removing branches and twigs. The removed braches and twigs will be fed into a wood chipper. Mixing will be done to provide optimum Carbon-Nitrogen ratio. After mixing windrow composting will be practiced at the compost slab.
Windrow composting involves, stacking raw materials, roughly equal quantities of “green” and “brown” material into a compost pile and turning the pile regularly, ideally every seven days at a minimal level. The process is labor intensive. The three essential conditions for composting is right temperature, moisture content and oxygen. Food waste and garden waste can be used for composting.
4. Leachate Management
Leachate produced during composting will be treated and collected in leachate collection tanks.
10 | P a g e
5. Waste Transport to a Regional Facility
The stored inorganic waste needs to be transported to a RWMF once or twice a month. A RWMF is proposed to be developed in Zone 4 and 5 under the World Bank funded MECP project. The location and the technology to be used for the RWMF will be determine based on the feasibility study, Best Practicable Environmental Option (BPEO) study and Environmental and Social Impact Assessment (ESIA) study. More details of the timing and methodology will be clear once these studies are completed.
For further details, refer to the detailed engineering drawing provided in Appendix F and draft Bill of Quantities (BOQ) provided in Appendix G.
2.3. Construction Schedule
The construction activities of the project are proposed to commence in October 2017. All civil works of the project is anticipated to be completed within 6 calendar months. A rough schedule for construction is provided in the table 1.
Table 1 Construction Schedule
Activity Month 1 Month 2 Month 3 Month 4 Month 5 Month 6 Mobilization Site Clearance Civil Works Demobilization
2.4. Project Inputs and Outputs
Major project inputs for the construction and operational phase of the proposed development are highlighted in table 2.
Table 2 Major Project Inputs
Input Resource Type and Amount Means of obtaining the resource Workers 20 Around 20 workers. Contractor is
encouraged to use local or regional workers as much as possible. If expatriate workers are used, they must carry valid work permits. Construction workers are expected to be accommodated in local houses and / or guesthouses. No temporary site setup is required for this project. Contract will make
CONSTRUCTION PHASE arrangements with the local council regarding accommodation arrangements.
11 | P a g e
Water for 150 liters per day Groundwater wells present in the island. Construction Construction Concrete, cement, flood Imported or purchased where available Materials lights, G.I. pipes, metal locally. Contractor will make arrangements sliding doors, emulsion to import or purchase these materials and paint, Lysaght Roofing Sheet, transport to the island. 3 phase power sockets, ceiling fan and Timber Construction Compactor (for ground Responsibility of the contractor. Local Machinery leveling), pickups or trucks resources will be utilized as much as (for land transport of possible. If not available locally the construction material), contractor will import these machineries. transfer vessel. Fuel Diesel Local suppliers
Equipment Glass crusher, Metal Can Responsibility of the contractor. Purchased Baler, Plastic Shredder, locally or imported. Wood Chipper, Compost Sieve, Waste Collection Vessel Water for Groundwater Groundwater well within the IWMC
composting Power 3-phase power for operation From local power station. A 25 sqmm 4 core of waste management power supply cable will be laid from nearest equipment. distribution box to waste yard distribution board. Labor About 5 workers to manage Responsibility of the local council. From the waste in the IWMC and local community or expatriate workers. provide collection services to Island council will make accommodation
OPERATIONAL PHASE the community. arrangements within local houses and guesthouses if expatriate workers are recruited. Fuel Diesel Local suppliers. Waste Waste generated within the Waste will be collected from households island. Approximately 322.4 and businesses within the island. kilograms per day.
Major project outputs for construction and operational phase of the project are described in table 3.
12 | P a g e
Table 3 Major Project Outputs
Output Resource Type and Amount Means of managing
Green Waste Small quantity Piled and left in the periphery for natural degeneration. Larger tree trunks and branches, etc. shall be chipped. Or removed to the disposal site designated by the council.
General Moderate amount of General construction waste will be reused as Construction Waste Solid Waste much as possible. Any remaining waste will be transferred to the nearest regional facility by the contractor.
Municipal Waste Small quantity Removed to the disposal site designated by the council.
Soil Excavation for To be used as backfilling during substructure construction.
Dust Moderate amount Wet the construction site regularly.
CONSTRUCTION PHASE during cement mixing and excavation
Waste oil and Small quantity Barreled and transfer to the nearest regional diesel waste management facility for disposal. Greenhouse Gas Small quantity. All vehicles and machinery must be well Emissions Emissions from tuned. construction material transporting vehicles and construction machinery.
Compost Open windrow Used locally for agricultural purposes or sold
composting. to nearby resorts.
Inorganic Waste Crushed glass, Stored in their respective area within the compacted metal, IWMC and transferred to a regional facility shredded plastic. once or twice a month.
Greenhouse Gas Electricity usage. N/A
OPERATIONAL PHASE Emissions Minute quantity.
13 | P a g e
CHAPTER 3 EXISTING ENVIRONMENT
The existing environment is described based on field observations. No detailed data collection and survey, analysis techniques are used for this purpose as this is an EMP, not a full EIA report.
Information regarding existing environment of the project site and existing waste management practices within the island were obtained through field observations and a meeting held with the Island Council. Field observation and meeting were held on 22 August 2017. The list of participants in the meeting and their designation are provided in Appendix H.
3.1. Current Waste Management Practices
The daily generation of waste in Th Vandhoo is estimated to be 322.4 kilograms (kg). According to the IWMP of Th Vandhoo, organic waste (green waste and kitchen waste) contributes to about 90% of the island’s entire waste profile. Only 10% of waste produced in the island is inorganic in nature, with plastics and cardboards being the dominant type. Only a very small amount of glass, metals, aluminum, wood waste and hazardous waste are produced.
At present, Vandhoo does not have an IWMC. The council has designated an area for waste disposal at the north side of the island. This area is very close to the island health center and the school and also the northern shoreline. The distance between the waste disposal area and the island health center is 50 m and the school is 30 m, while there is only 7 m between this area and the shoreline (figure 2). Evidently some amount of waste from this area continues to enter the adjacent beach and lagoon. The current waste management practice in the island is open burning. School children and the staffs of health center gets continuously exposed to the smoke coming from this site.
Bins are placed in communal areas. Segregation and composting are not practiced at household level or at the waste disposal area. Kitchen waste is dumped to the lagoon adjacent to the harbor by individuals during night time. Inorganic waste is carried by individuals to the dump yard and burnt by the Island Council every month. The dump yard is currently full of accumulated waste.
14 | P a g e
Figure 2 Project Site and Study Area
Figure 3 Bins placed in communal areas
15 | P a g e
Figure 4 Current waste disposal area
Figure 5 Current waste disposal area located very close to coastal area
3.2. Unassigned Waste Dumping
The roads of the island generally appeared clean. However, unassigned waste dumping was observed in some areas of the island. Especially the beach adjacent to the boat building area had many inorganic waste including metal cans, plastics and batteries. A significant amount of inorganic waste was also present in the north and north western beach of the island.
16 | P a g e
Figure 6 Waste present in coastal areas near boat building area
Figure 7 Waste accumulated at northern beach
3.3. Project Site and Access Road
The proposed site is located in a remote area 250 m away from the residential population. The distance between the site and the powerhouse is 200 m and the boat building area is 180 m. The nearest distribution box is located 160 m from the site (figure 2). A 25 square millimeters (sqmm) 4 core power supply cable will be laid from this distribution box to waste yard distribution board.
The Island Council is developing a road as per the current Land Use Plan that will facilitate easy access to the IWMC. The council informs that 50 % of road clearance works are completed and the entire road will be completed by early October 2017.
17 | P a g e
3.4. Coastal Erosion
Coastal erosion is predominant at the northeastern coastal area of the island. Most severe erosion is observed to occur at the north side of the harbor. Many coconut palms and trees in this area have fallen as a direct consequence of erosion and the shoreline has also moved to a mere 10 m from houses present in this area.
The beach immediately adjacent to the proposed IWMC site is, however, located at the opposite side of the island, and is therefore, not subject to erosion. A strong vegetation line with many coconut palms, trees and shrubs also exists at this side of the island. Beach grass and other vegetation helps to trap and hold the sand in place and acts as a natural barrier against beach erosion.
The distance between outer most boundary of the proposed IWMC and the shoreline is 30 m.
Figure 8 Area of the island subject to severe beach erosion
3.5. Vegetation
At the time of the visit the site was cleared. Therefore, no major vegetation was observed except for few shrubs. The Island Council informs that the project site was identified by the council as a site to develop IWMC in 2015 and therefore, site clearance works have been progressing since late 2015. The Island Council note attached in Appendix I provides further details related to the matter.
Information regarding the number and type of vegetation previously present in the project site was acquired through the Island Council and presented in table 4.
18 | P a g e
Table 4 Quantity and Type of Vegetation
Name Local Name Scientific Name Quantity Alexandrian laurel Funa Calophyllum inophyllum L. 3 Coconut Palm Dhiveh ruh Cocos nucifera L. 7
Figure 9 Project Site at the time of visit
3.6. Environmental Sensitive Areas
An environmentally sensitive mangrove area exists in the north western side of the island with geographic coordinates 2°17'29.41"N 72°56'31.05"E. The proposed IWMC will be constructed 400 m away from mangrove area and therefore no negative impacts to this area are envisaged to occur as a result of the project.
A second mangrove area is present in the north western corner of the island with geographic coordinates 2°17'40.3"N 72°56'26.7"E. However, this area is not an EPA declared sensitive area. The distance between this area and the proposed IWMC is 630 m.
19 | P a g e
Figure 10 Environmentally Sensitive Mangrove Area
Figure 11 Mangrove area at the north side
20 | P a g e
CHAPTER 4 IMPACT IDENTIFICATION
This chapter describes the key adverse and beneficial impacts envisaged for both construction and operational phase of the project and the methodology used for impact prediction.
4.1. Impact Assessment Methodology
Potential impacts of the project were determined based on the author’s experience in the field of study, evaluation of previous impact assessment reports of similar projects, filed observations and information provided by the Island Council. Rapid Impact Assessment Method (RIAM) is used for impact prediction.
RIAM is a contemporary analytical tool used in many EIAs for impact prediction since 1995. This method attempts to troubleshoot many of the shortcomings of the traditionally used impact identification techniques particularly the issue of subjectivity and transparency. The concepts of RIAM were first developed by Pastakia (1998) which were then tested in the field by Jensen (1998).
The RIAM method defines important assessment criteria and provides an accurate and independent score for each condition. The impacts of the project activities are evaluated against environmental components and a score is derived for each component reflective of the degree of impact envisaged from t0 he component.
The two important assessment criteria used in the system are
(A) Criteria that are important to the condition and can individually alter the score obtained, and
(B) Criteria that are of value to the situation, but cannot individually alter the obtained score.
Criteria A is subdivided in to two components and criteria B in to three components. Table 5 describes these subcomponents and the scale used to assign scores (Pastakia and Jens, 1998).
Table 5 RIAM Assessment Criteria
Criteria Scale Description
A1: Importance of condition 4 Important to national / international interests
3 Important to regional / national interest
2 Important to areas immediately outside the local condition
1 Important only to the local condition
0 No importance
21 | P a g e
A2: Magnitude of change/effect +3 Major positive benefit
+2 Significant improvement in status quo
+1 Improvement in status quo
0 No change / status quo
-1 Negative change to status quo
-2 Significant negative dis-benefit or change
-3 Major dis-benefit or change
B1: Permanence 1 Temporary
2 Permanent
3 No change / not applicable
B2: Reversibility 1 No change
2 Reversible
3 Irreversible
B3: Cumulative 1 No change / not applicable
2 Non-cumulative / single
3 Cumulative / synergistic
Criteria group A scores are multiplied so that it holds more weightage. In contrast, criteria group B scores are added together to provide a single sum to ensure that individual value scores do not influence the overall score.
The sum of the group (B) scores are then multiplied by the result of the group (A) scores to provide a final assessment score (ES) for the condition. This is represented by the formula below:
(A1) X (A2) = (AT)
(B1) + (B2) + (B3) = (BT)
ES = (BT) x (AT)
22 | P a g e
The environmental components that are evaluated under RIAM technique will fall under any one of the following four categories.
• Physical/Chemical (PC)
Covering all physical and chemical aspects of the environment.
• Biological/Ecological (BE)
Covering all biological aspects of the environment.
• Sociological/Cultural (SC)
Covering all human aspects of the environment, including cultural aspects.
• Economic/Operational (EO)
Qualitatively to identify the economic consequences of environmental change, both temporary and permanent.
The following environmental components were investigated for both the construction and operational phase of the proposed IWMC development project (Pastakia and Jens, 1998).
1. Physical / Chemical (PC) Groundwater Air Soil Noise Waste
2. Biological / Ecological (BE) Vegetation Fauna Wetlands and marine habitats
3. Social / Cultural Road Closure Health and Safety
4. Economic / Operational (EO) Economic benefit or burden
Final assessment of each component is evaluated based on the ES values and range brands provided in table 6.
23 | P a g e
Table 6 Environmental Scores and Range Bands
Environmental Range Value Range Value (Numeric) Description Scores
108 to 72 E 5 Major positive (Alphabetic) Impact or Change) Score71 to 36(ES) D 4 Significant positive 35 to 19 C 3 Moderate positive 10 to 18 B 2 Positive 1 to 9 A 1 Slight Positive 0 N 0 No change -1 to -9 -A -1 Slight negative -10 to -18 -B -2 Negative -19 to -35 -C -3 Moderate negative -36 to -71 -D -4 Significant negative -72 to -108 -E -5 Major negative
4.2. Potential Impacts of the Project
Potential adverse and beneficial impacts of construction and operation phase of the proposed IWMC were identified using the rapid impact assessment method specified in the forgoing section.
4.2.1. Construction Phase Impacts
Summary of the scores and range values obtained for each evaluated environmental component evaluated for the construction phase are provided in table 7.
Table 7 Construction Phase Impacts
Environmental Category Total Score Range Value Range Value Description (Numeric)
Construction Phase
1. Physical / Chemical Ground Water -5 -A -1 Slight negative
Soil -3 -A -1 Slight negative
Noise -5 -A -1 Slight negative
Air -5 -A -1 Slight negative
Waste -5 -A -1 Slight negative
2. Biological / Ecological
24 | P a g e
Vegetation -16 -B -2 Negative
Fauna -7 -A -1 Slight negative
3. Sociological / Cultural Road Closure -6 -A -1 Slight negative
Health and Safety -5 -A -1 Slight negative
Sociocultural Conflict -4 -A -1 Slight negative
4. Economic Loss or benefit +8 A 1 Slight Positive
No permanent negative impacts are envisaged for the construction phase of the project except for clearance of vegetation. Although the Island Council has already cleared the site, according to the information provided by the council, some vegetation (7 mature coconut palms and 3 mature trees) were previously present in the site and removal of these vegetation would have caused a permanent negative impact to the environment. However, all mature coconut palms present in this area were owned by individuals and the council had given compensation for these palms prior to removal. All other impacts during construction phase are temporary and reversible. Additionally, a slight positive impact to the local economy is envisaged from the construction phase as the contractor may obtain certain materials required for construction locally depending on availability. Similarly, the contractor may hire local employees for construction works creating job opportunities within the island. Even if expatriate workers are hired, demand for resources such as food and accommodation for construction workers, equipment, machinery, vehicles and vessels hire will likely benefit the local suppliers and businesses. However, this prospect is only temporary as the opportunity will cease after the completion of construction works.
4.2.2. Operational Phase Impacts
Scores and range values predicted for the operational phase of the proposed development are portrayed in table 8.
Table 8 Operational Phase Impacts
Environmental Category Total Score Range Value Range Value Description (Numeric)
Operational Phase
1. Physical / Chemical
Ground Water +32 C 3 Moderate positive
Soil +32 C 3 Moderate positive
Noise -5 -A -1 Slight negative
25 | P a g e
Air +42 D 4 Significant positive
Waste +84 E 5 Major positive
2. Biological / Ecological
Vegetation 0 N 0 No change
Fauna 0 N 0 No change
3. Sociological / Cultural
Road Closure 0 N 0 No change
Health and Safety +63 D 4 Significant positive
Sociocultural Conflict -4 -A -1 Slight negative
4. Economic
Loss or benefit +54 D 4 Significant positive
Most of the impacts during operational phase are expected to be positive if the proposed mitigation measures suggested in this management plan are stringently followed. The operation of the IWMC will improve the overall cleanliness of the island and will reduce littering and dumping of waste to unassigned areas. These activities would prevent pollution of soil, groundwater, coastal areas and forested areas and in turn assist in the preservation of biodiversity. Moreover, the current dump yard that is located close to the school and health center will be closed when the proposed IWMC becomes operational, which will cease the concerns that exist due to waste burning, and in return bring about major positive health benefits to the community. A clean environment will also likely reduce the diseases and indirectly contribute to reduce the amount of money spend by individuals on healthcare. Workforce demand is expected to be high during the operational stage as well, with a number of low skilled jobs and skilled jobs made available to provide waste collection, composting and waste processing services. In contrast to the construction phase, the jobs created during operational phase will be permanent or for long term. Furthermore, if a market for composted material and recyclables can be found, the IWMC can self-sustain by cost recovery which will be positive for the island economy.
As expected, some amount of noise will be generated during waste processing activities undertaken in the IWMC. However, the noise generated during the operational phase is expected to be very small. Battery operated vehicles are proposed to be used for waste collection, while individuals are not expected to be affected by noise pollution due to the IWMC being located very far from residential areas. Additionally, if expatriate workers are employed to provide waste management services, a slight negative impact is anticipated in sociocultural terms, as the arrival of a new group of foreign workers to the island may create conflict with the residential population if local culture is overlooked or not respected.
26 | P a g e
CHAPTER 5 MITIGATION MEASURES
One of the most important functions of an Environmental Management Plan (EMP) is to propose ways to manage the negative impacts that are likely to occur as a result of the proposed development. For this purpose, it is essential to identify mitigation measures to minimize impacts and identify cost of mitigation measures and parties that are responsible for implementation of these measures. As highlighted in the description provided in the chapter 4, most of the negative impacts envisaged for the proposed development occur during construction phase. Therefore, the proposed mitigation measures mostly focus on the construction phase of the project. However, the slight negative impacts envisaged for the operational phase are also taken into consideration and mitigation measures are proposed for these impacts as well.
Table 9 provides details of the key mitigation measures for various environmental and socioeconomic aspects that are impacted as a result of the project.
Table 9 Mitigation measures proposed for significant impacts
Environmental Management Plan Impact Mitigation Measure Responsible Cost of Party Mitigation Management of Impacts during Preconstruction and Design Phase 1. Physical / Chemical Contamination of Ensure (i) waste storage areas are MEE N/A groundwater and covered to prevent contaminated storm surface water water runoff, and (ii) hazardous waste storage area is bounded.
The material processing or storage areas of the facility should have a leachate barrier system that forms a secure barrier between the groundwater, soil, and substrata and the composting or stored organics, as well as systems for collecting and treating leachate such as a concrete pad with open drainage channels that drain in to a leachate collection pond.
Design and maintain the slope and orientation of windrows and/or leachate drains such that free drainage of leachate to a collection drain is facilitated and ponding of leachate is avoided; shape the piles and windrows to maximize run-off and hence reduce infiltration.
27 | P a g e
Noise pollution Ensure that the site selection sets a Island Council N/A minimum distance of 60 m from the residential population and commonly used public places.
Marine water pollution Ensure that a minimum buffer of 20 m Island Council N/A is maintained between the IWMC and the vegetation line.
2. Biological Negative impacts on Ensure IWMC is not designed with a MEE, Island N/A ecologically significant wetland or marine outfall and sets a Council wetland and marine minimum distance of 30 m from habitats environmentally sensitive areas.
Negative impact due to Consideration should be given during MEE, Island N/A vegetation removal detailed designing stage to build Council infrastructure around existing vegetation, thus minimizing any clearance.
Management of Impacts during Construction Phase 1. Physical / Chemical Note: All construction activities should be undertaken in the presence of an experienced supervisor. Contamination of Hazardous waste such as waste oil and Contractor Cost associated groundwater and diesel should be stored in sealed with purchasing surface water due to containers and placed on a hard of containers chemical spillage and concrete surface and transferred to the and transport to seepage nearest regional waste management RWMF facility for final disposal.
Stored containers should be regularly inspected to identify any leakages.
Soil contamination due Hazardous waste such as waste oil and Contractor Cost associated to chemical seepage. diesel should be stored in sealed with purchasing containers and placed on a hard of container and concrete surface and transferred to the transport to nearest regional waste management RWMF facility for final disposal.
Stored containers should be regularly inspected to identify any leakages. Noise pollution due to Ensure construction activities occur Contractor Cost associated construction activities between 8 am and 6 pm. with purchasing and use of machinery ear muffs
28 | P a g e
Construction workers should wear ear muffs when using machinery that produce significant noise.
The proposed development will not emit significant level of noise due to the scale of work involved.
Negative impact on air All vehicles used in the project should Contractor N/A quality have an up to date road worthiness certificate.
All vehicles and machinery should be well tuned.
Ensure that construction site is wetted to minimize impact of dust as a result of the project.
Materials that are stockpiled at the location for long period of time should be covered to minimize impact of dust generation due to windy conditions.
Similar to above (relate to noise), there will not be significant impact on the air quality.
Construction waste Ensure waste materials are either Contractor Cost associated reused by community or transferred to with transport a regional facility at the end of the to RWMF construction phase activities. 2. Biological Negative impacts due Any large trees and palms will be Island Council Cost associated to vegetation removal translocated to other areas of the with island. translocation and providing When translocating in order to ensure compensation survival the following mitigation measures should be followed: • Palms and trees should be dug two to three feet from the trunk. • In order to ensure that the rootball is intact the area surrounding the palm or the tree should be wetted prior to being dug. • The rootball should be kept wet until replanted at new site.
29 | P a g e
All vegetation clearance activities should be confined to areas where infrastructure is proposed.
Compensation should be provided for palms and trees owned by individuals prior to removal.
No vegetation within 20 meters of the shoreline should be cleared as per land use planning regulation of the Maldives.
Negative impact on Identify trees and shrubs that are Island Council Cost associated fauna common nesting grounds for birds and with avoid clearance of such vegetation. If translocation necessary, relocate construction site away from such grounds. Another possible option is to relocate trees and shrubs to other areas of the island.
Schedule construction outside of the breeding season.
Ensure that all construction material imported to the island are free of any alien species or pests.
3. Sociological and Cultural Health and Safety of All workers should be provided with Contractor Cost associated construction workers safety gear and should ensure that with purchasing safety gear is utilized at all times. This safety materials. includes: safety hats, boots, glasses, masks and gloves.
Ear muffs shall be provided where equipment or machinery that produces significant amount of noise is used.
Chemical-Liquid protective gloves should be used when handling any chemicals, waste oil or other liquid waste.
No open electrical wiring or cables should be kept on site.
Health and Safety briefing should be given to all construction workers.
30 | P a g e
The maximum working hours of all construction workers should be 48 hours per week as per the Employment Act of Maldives.
Meals should be provided to construction staff 3 times a day.
Safe drinking water should be supplied to construction workers.
Appropriate sleeping arrangements shall be made for the construction workers.
Sociocultural conflict Ensure that local workers are used as Contractor Cost associated due to arrival of much as possible. If expatriate workers with hiring staffs expatriate workers are used ensure that they respect the local culture.
4. Economic Benefit to local Ensure that construction materials are Contractor Cost associated economy purchased from the island as much as with material possible. Preference shall be given to purchase hire local construction workers from the island and the atoll or region.
Management of Impacts during Operational Phase 1. Physical / Chemical Waste processing and Ensure that primary waste collection Island Council Cost associated storage. services are provided at least daily. with IWMC operation Litter, odor and vector Secondary transfer to a regional facility nuisance. shall be arranged at least twice a month.
Adequate bins with closures must be provided at the drop off locations if the IWMP has demarcated them.
Waste collection vehicles and transfer vessels must be secured from all sides to prevent spillage.
Provide composting training to all MEE Cost of laborers and management staff of the providing facility. compost training
31 | P a g e
Control of the incoming waste stream is necessary to ensure safe and effective processing, treatment, and disposal of the Waste and the quality of end products (e.g., quality compost).
Visually evaluate, weigh, and document incoming waste loads; Conduct visual inspection of the incoming waste, along with sorting and removal procedures, can minimize this potential hazard; Reject or, if the facility is equipped to process the waste, segregate potentially hazardous materials or wastes identified, including infectious waste, and manage as a hazardous or infectious waste, as applicable; Analyze suspected hazardous materials before acceptance so that they are segregated relative to compatibility and so that they can be adequately treated and disposed of; Separate recoverable secondary materials for recycling and organic waste for composting to the extent practical.
Noise pollution during Depending on availability, battery Island Council, Cost associated waste management operated vehicles can be used to MEE with purchasing provide collection services. collection vehicles Waste handling works involving operation of machinery shall be undertaken during day time. Air emissions from Emissions from on-road vehicles shall Island Council, Cost of training MSW collection and be regulated through national and MEE drivers transport regional programs.
All waste transport vehicles must have up to date road worthiness licenses.
Optimize waste collection routes to minimize distance traveled and overall fuel use and emissions
32 | P a g e
Drivers shall be instructed on the benefits of driving practices which reduce both the risk of accidents and fuel consumption, including measured acceleration and driving within safe speed limits.
When the IWMC and RWMF becomes operational no open burning shall be practiced.
2. Sociological and Cultural Health and Safety of Provide workers with appropriate Island Council Cost of waste handling staffs protective clothing, Gloves, respiratory purchasing face masks and slip-resistant shoes for safety materials waste transport workers and hard-soled safety shoes for all workers to avoid puncture wounds to the feet.
For workers near loud equipment, include noise protection such as ear muffs.
For workers near heavy mobile equipment, buckets, cranes, and at the discharge location for collection trucks, include provision of hard hats;
Establish engineering and materials norms for special facility and stationary equipment design requirements that minimize exposure to hazards (e.g., ventilation, air conditioning, enclosed conveyor belts, low loading and sorting heights, non- skid flooring, safety rails on stairs and walkways, spill protection and containment, noise control, dust suppression, gas alarm systems, fire alarm and control systems, and evacuation facilities).
Firefighting equipment, including clear aisles among windrows and access to an adequate water supply shall be made available.
Ensure workers are briefed of fire hazard management.
33 | P a g e
Sociocultural conflict Ensure that waste handling staffs are Island Council Cost associated selected from the local community as with hiring staffs much as possible. 3. Economic Collection Fee Ensure that the collection fees are Island Council Cost associated feasible for the community. Undertake with conducing consultation meetings with stakeholder stakeholders and set a suitable sessions collection fee acceptable to the community. Employment Ensure that waste handling staffs are Island Council Cost associated Opportunities selected from the local community as with hiring staffs much as possible.
Proponents commitment to undertake proposed mitigation measures is provided in Appendix J.
34 | P a g e
CHAPTER 6 ENVIRONMENTAL MONITORING
This chapter provides the environmental monitoring plan. The inclusion of a monitoring plan in the EMP is essential to assess the effect of the project on natural and cultural environment. It is a tool used to measure the accuracy of predictions and to determine whether the proposed mitigation measures have been effectively carried out by the proponent as recommended in the EMP. Another important aspect of environmental monitoring is its capacity to determine unforeseen impacts that have not been predicted during the impact identification stage. It should be noted that adopting of mitigation measures do not guarantee unforeseen impacts.
The monitoring plan is based on existing environmental conditions outlined in chapter 3 and the impact analysis described in chapter 4. The monitoring plan of this project focuses mostly on the construction phase, particularly removal of vegetation, as previously mentioned, since the only significant negative impact that is likely to occur as a result of the project are associated with vegetation clearance.
The main key objectives of the environmental monitoring plan are to:
1. determine whether the proposed mitigation measures in this management plan are followed during removal and translocation of vegetation from the project site.
2. analyse the effectiveness of the operation of IWMC in terms of spillage prevention and overall cleanliness of the island.
6.1. Monitoring Program
The monitoring program recommended for the proposed development of IWMC is provided in table 10.
Table 10 Monitoring Program
Aspect Parameter Frequency Responsible Cost of Party Monitoring (MVR) Construction Phase Vegetation Log records of Once during Island Council, N/A Clearance number and type of construction phase Contractor trees cleared Implementation Records of Monthly during Contractor, 18,000 of Construction successful construction period MEE Mitigation implementation of Measures mitigation measures Grievance Log records of number Throughout the Contractor, 9,000 of complaints received construction phase MEE and actions taken during construction phase
35 | P a g e
Operational Phase Spillage Waste Collection Once when the project MEE 18,000 Assessment Arrangements is completed and one year after project Littering around the completion island (Beach, harbor area and other public areas)
Spillage during transfer to IWMC
Any Spillage within the IWMC
Proper use of IWMC
Spillage during transfer to regional waste facility Grievance Log records of number Throughout the Island Council 9,000 of complaints received operational phase and actions taken during operational phase
6.2. Responsibility
The overall responsibility of monitoring lies with the Proponent or Contractor assigned by the Proponent. A commitment letter by the proponent for undertaking the monitoring program is provided in Appendix J.
6.3. Reporting
Reporting will be carried out by the environmental consultant assigned for the purpose by the proponent. The report will include;
• Details of the site;
• Methodology of data collection and data analysis;
• Major findings;
• Section contrasting findings with the baseline; and
36 | P a g e
• Mitigation measures that would be implemented based on the monitoring.
Sample Format
• Introduction
• Aims and Objective
• Method
• Results
• Conclusion and recommendations
A detailed environmental monitoring report is required to be compiled and submitted to EPA annually, based on the data collected for monitoring the parameters included in the monitoring program given in this report.
37 | P a g e
CHAPTER 7 RECOMMENDATIONS AND CONCLUSION
The construction and development of the IWMC at Th. Vandhoo is a much needed development to provide waste management services to the island. The operation of the IWMC will improve the current waste disposal practices adopted in the island and alleviate the current concerns of environmental pollution and public health. The project will also bring about economic benefits to the island by increasing revenue through the sale of composted material and recyclables and by creating employment opportunities.
The only permanent negative impact that is likely to occur as a result of the project is vegetation clearance. However, the amount of vegetation clearance involved is minimal and therefore, if the mitigation measures proposed in the management plan are adhered, almost all the negative impacts can be brought to an acceptable level.
The author’s recommendation for the project include;
To include this EMP as a part of the contractor’s contract. Implement the mitigation measures proposed in the EMP. Conduct regular monitoring and supervision works during construction and operational phase.
The aim of this EMP is to guide the proponent in implementing the project with conformity to EIA regulation 2012.
38 | P a g e
REFERENCES
Maldives Energy and Environmental Company [MEECO] (2017). Environmental Management Plan for the establishment of Island Waste Management Center in HA. Muraidhoo, HA. Thakandhoo, HA. Molhadhoo, HDh. Finey, HDh. Hirimaradhoo, HDh. Kurinbi and HDh. Vaikaradhoo. Male, Maldives: MEECO.
Ministry of Environment and Energy [MEE] (2012). Environmental Impact Assessment Regulations. Male’, Maldives: Ministry of Environment and Energy.
Ministry of Environment and Energy [MEE] (2015). National Policy on Waste Management. Male’, Maldives: Ministry of Environment and Energy.
Ministry of Environment and Energy [MEE] (2016). Maldives Clean Environment Project Environmental and Social Assessment and Management Framework (ESAMF) & Resettlement Policy Framework (RPF). Male’, Maldives: Ministry of Environment and Energy.
Jensen, K. (Ed.). (1998). Environmental impact assessment using the rapid impact assessment matrix (RIAM). Olsen & Olsen.
Pastakia, C.M. (1998). The rapid impact assessment matrix (RIAM). A new tool for environmental impact assessment. Environmental Impact Assessment Using the Rapid Impact Assessment Matrix (RIAM). Fredensborg, Denmark: Olsen & Olsen.
Pastakia, C. M., & Jensen, A. (1998). The rapid impact assessment matrix (RIAM) for EIA. Environmental Impact Assessment Review, 18(5), 461-482.
Peterson, C. (2013). Assessment of solid waste management practices and its vulnerability to climate risks in Maldives Tourism Sector. Report submitted to Ministry of Tourism, Arts and Culture.
Zuhair, M.H., (2016). Environmental and Social Management Plan for the proposed upgrade of the IWMC at the Fuvahmulah. Male’, Maldives: Ministry of Environment and Energy.
Zuhair, M.H., (2016). Environmental and Social Management Plan for the proposed upgrade of the IWMC at the Hulhudhoo-Meedhoo. Male’, Maldives: Ministry of Environment and Energy.
39 | P a g e
APPENDICES
40 | P a g e
APPENDIX A
EIA Screening Decision
F!*r ts- En\ imru erlal Protection Agerc1' E- -rc. -'r'er, ,er2rrtr. s 203-E IARES/438/2 Otl / LLz,"i.it
ot o ,.o.r, o oo rrs 2rt Y tJ. Y- -J.r2, ia
t ..? J. ae-:: rrYe.t 2t.-.. rt 2-.t- .)?2.r r/YP .tr.,'2 t2J.v2.rt -cvtrz trve.-2rt rtrtrt 1: 't22tt 2-r. ,tt ....Ct 2- a-a e22.r.rt-a
,P...e..tta.2t r. t2-, .r.?trt2.? ,-.-. t.lut P2 - - : : i . ..A , .t,r"r'/...'.r..A .teJ-/ t .tt--2 2/t ' "t'. i_ _ _,
.trrttz. ..-PrJ 2t r.t t2t2t t r!.trv.rP2 t.lJr P2 2
..4.., ..4. aa'o4. .t2t/.rz .t-tJ e22e22 zvr.?t..P2 t 1r. tL2 2
a.t c.' r4r't2 t2t .t...J, ..2' /- 2. 2J2 zertrz-a t.?t'..e2 _ 'J.rv -t '..P ! ,_ -, .t2tr-t ..r'rttr., 2-.t zt rt /,.ri.v?t-P, : :
.rte. ,---t ttttlzrzJ t-.. .-r.e-?2 22tt\t ..!.r/.. .-J t'v ze.rt2lr .,-.P t4tr.e2 2 i i .ttitti iitii'it ;t:ri i---l
.2t .tr.t r.-2/ tP t/ttt.r, .-rt tt t2, /.2
.t2t--)t .tt2v2/e-t- -v?JJt.. /r../ ./.rt-
,Pterl 'v.Jtr .t t r../ vP -re-zrr.rt-. o
2017 ,t 2c r. e'.,. r. t2l2
321 APPENDIX B
Site Approval Letters
{llta, ,*, 0'i,A o 1c o. oaxo o. ?cVtr *?e, /.*vet) 2e?2rr2.?n ffi F)rvironnrental Protcction Agency TPft
203-\ /l\4PPl38812017l1 i )aii
o.o? ,/o/, o Col o . co or/ ao/ ,r/r* .sai:t4 *a, Jr*.-av ,r2a42 ,P)2- a/ /,r.?, 2L2tv
aa.. o/ ,/orr. ot1 't2rr?r, /)/2rP ,/rt
o 2 20 a ,o., , ,, x 2 ,ro 2 itPJrypJ Jtr.z, P t/, /Y/Y
:.73t :3g- :(2017 E:-ii 03) (MSG)388-Pp(ot438t20t7i1 372/ravao, o r.
,il tt ? A 2 a??. 2€,o.. ,o../ c a2talrvCrL, , alri4J.Poac/r. .tzJ./r. /22v4rv o.r?, taJtat/z/,.ror//, vaaae/ trJtrrrt4 ,,rrra/F. . o/
o.r. * , .tO./. a .?a.r..O /rX a ,t^.t, /r4- .r/ * .*OrX 2a , nO Q 4 , o 2 4 0. , , sz2n atrrr4z.P ,t?3 3 Ul itet t/, vrra 2r) ,vrro /2r/v ).1, ,r)trrr'/) ta)tarl
ca o-o a ,a ,.>r. :yylprf,rr,,. 2 .t2J-Y-J,. YaaYt r.,,L
orolc ,- .A ,.e ,4t4 1 x , al 4 /t 4o.ro e .-ea/o r.e2 )v ar'Jre tlvrv a2/r/ atrutaJ.v24s 1 a.a/ /2/ o>oac ,2 ,aa oz c) u, o2 4or4 a x , .?ea/o /e2 OU-^ avrt s ta-r, .?/2 aJ.J.r- tlvrv 2 a.ra/o. rr2lt
aa ,- ,2- aroar. * . .o, ,z , ? ,r2rry ,4J, vaa4e- 2 '2t a - e{ ,rr4rP 2'a /ta/ / ,. . , .t2/ra -rta./ vroJ 1438 341ij 2t 2917 !L15 t3
2 €2' 're./ t
,? 1o o>2 Da. ,r/r* ,Ja srP.Pay J/2 2L2ty
a c Do, .ear/t/ro* r.?t.?
.a ooa oo....oa ox oo . x 374 L-. ,ePr2 aaaelra er2J.rt.ri )a lY
Environmental Protection Agency P-C. '*'CrJ 'e?tr.t-. Green Building, 3'J Floor, Handhuvare€Hingun -tr- rra?2.,rj?) 2r)
Male', Rep. o, Maldives,20392 zu-ty: te4.r/ ,r,
Tel: l+9601 333 5949 {+9601 333 s951 Email:[email protected],mv' trt: . Fax: [+9601 333 5953 website: ww.epa.gov.mv 2:r:; ުޓާޗ ުދްއަހަރަސ ާވިއަފިހެޖަމަހ ްށަމުޅެއިށޮކިނުކ
uLwvwvua
uLwvwvua
uLwvwvua
uLwvwvua
uLwvwvua
uLwvwvua iLuk
cnibcswC
cnibcswC
iLuk
uDnwd wLObuTuf
itOg
itOg
itOg
itOg
itOg
itOg
itOg
itOg
csitwfirevWfua
itOg
itOg
cTcsOputcleh itOg
itOg
itOg
uDnwgcsua IKIrWt
itOg
Wfcnwm
clWD itOg
cswlugwm
cserUd
cserWn
Wfwn
irEscawa
clUkcs
ctikcsim
itOg
WyisEkea
itOg
urwfinwh
cnwaibIrek
WfIlwH
itOg
WlivcnwsOs
cnImwz
WlivInWrUn
Wyircnwf
egEhejuniawv
wrWhifcsEb
egEretulwv
WlivUn
cTcsencDrWb
IdWv
wnivihef
irwtilwa egWmudnwvuh
eguSodcnWziawm
Wnib
egWhwf
egWkokUn N
egItwmugwm
egWrwmUn
eguSodiawvin
eguSodcswgoyek egubnwd
egWmcnefnif
egInWrUn egUdwvuhwDuk
egWyihcSwdwbwa
egWmctwriduk
itOg
egWscfwnwb
itOg
egWnurutwd
egWnOnwa
egWlivinif
egWaulwv
egWkcnwrwk egWa
itOg
cnWtcsurubwq
egInwsclug
urwvctih egcnirevcswm
egIrwvudnwh
egWmObnil itOg
egudWmwn egcnunehcnwa
ctikcsim
egWmcDikOa tgitOg itOg egWmurwkob ckiruaiz
egUdifwk
egIbWlug ctikcsim egEhejiawv
egurWhwb
egEretIrig
WrWdia egcliscnuawk
egWrwdWd
egWCIgwbWdurwf
uLwvuDob IKIrWtuLwvuDob IKIrWt
egWdUrwa
egurWhwbOn
caehwg IKIrWt
cSwmuLea wrWhif
zpTWzWlcp uzWpoT
cSwmunid
cjETcs WrIzwj
80’ egIritwa
2 egcnuden
100'
irwfcsef
caehwg IKIrWt
ilwgcaid
64'2" clizcnwm WriaWs
cTwh uLokurutua
uTwh uLokunuked 102'8"
80’ 61'3" ugWrid
70’ 1 ugWrid
egunIjcnia egunIjcnia 70’
Wycainwtwv
cSwmukcaih Wkcawk cswm
udcawHwrws WleheainOd
80’
70’ APPENDIX C
Proof of submission of Report to Island Council
,.i,,,.,.,.r,r,&,,,.,;ti:,'ii',,,,,,i}.:;i:,:i,;i';*,t;'.irt;,i;,,.,,,.;;ja,;,i,.,,,,,.,i,t;,t,.,.,.,.,,,i,.,,:. Mini$t$rl$f Ennirgummt a nd Eneg,gy rua a.er?-t .erUfr.4Lvrrt!|rrrt.::::':t'r:t :-:::: J.e-{?, :.tt ? ,,:::::g':" ,,"""'""'ii n ;'"" ],]:]:]1]]1:;tt,tr;tv:*lB.liiffipbBtie:torrii!!{wi+ t .,:.:.:,]:],,.l:::::f.,.,,,',,
S$S,lg3.$iA01W]ii$:,,.:,,,:,,,: :*!3i
.rj :.ilrc, oi1...... o .r...) tlPa *7..? ,r*: u74r4 'rrr Fn,trl,SLiti
l::::i::::::: *i.{.
;r;i; ;#l wastca.r&DuirormL'nt.gbv,mv +i; :i;*.r; *i7 i.ii t' jj.
: : or::a: :4 : : : : .r: bt N I 2..rig.::lqtti,Ltrt *, ::: : ::: : ::: ::::::::::: :::::: :::: ::: : a
r-,,r..aO c.. I 4":..:.era, . J.,.?r:a.a a
a4-a'Cai'ad3 .-\\:'a-:a--: arS. i::ri.i. jr r r uirr.. c. ..l.ie *4, ,,Y'cnt Yt?, t4rP, it-iirrz :o! ./rl ! iuf tqrlrr '.',L,, o*) 4 ' it'l) ,rr/ i&,,,,,! ,,,,1)r 7'gi,.,iliii ,,, ', '.,-.,4i&-aW#, y)t jtr:i#!. c.:i::.:.i,i. :,,:,:::,,,./ ,1.,,,Y ' i. ],llt::::l:::::,::,...i...i.i..''.':::::.::.:l:: ,f.1..o,,,.4,;:,,,,,:,,1j'r.i.# - q..:i:r:,a?. ,a r, ,ilili .4?1 . ..frli;r- .. .f,,,, I :
,: ai| : a: a ii^;ir {i:::i)* .ar#t iJY, GrEBtr:grili,lr.s va4 au)r, ',;;iffffi';;W,l1,,irr:1*$r$ mli8300.i.:.:.:,:.t.:.:,:,:.:,:ttt: f t960,li l t(fl 601t,?f, *:Wtri,:,:,,',,:,:,:':':'t,t,,:,:, rllww;sfitiH.intE4,i ;mn APPENDIX D
CV and Certificates of Author
CURRICULUM VITAE Ahmed Hassaan Zuhair
PERSONAL DETAILS
Full name: Ahmed Hassaan Zuhair Date of birth: 02 Aug 1985 Mailing address: H. Raadha, Sikka Goalh, Male’ 20082, Maldives Residential address: G.Vehi, Male’, Maldives Mobile telephone number: (+960)7886707 Email address: [email protected]
WORK EXPERIENCE
ENVIRONMENTAL AND SOCIAL SAFEGUARDS OFFICER
Name of Employer: Maldives Clean Environmental Project (MCEP) World Bank Ministry of Environment and Energy, Male’, Maldives Position title: Environmental and Social Safeguards Officer Period of work: June 2017 to present Major Responsibilities: - Ensure environmental and social safeguard measures are adequately implemented in MCEP administered by the MCEP PMU/MEE. - Educate project affected families on the relevant environmental and social safeguards issues and relevant policies. - Where applicable, develop information, education and communication (IEC) materials and facilitate workshops on good environmental and social practices relevant to all projects administered by the PMU/MEE. - Co-ordinate with the various island administration offices on periodic basis on environmental issues. - Assist GoM in ensuring environmental responsibilities of the project, such as compliance with the environmental protection laws and regulations of the country. - Assist GoM in ensuring social responsibilities of the project, such as compliance with the labour laws, prohibition of child labour, HIV/AIDS and gender issues. - Ensure safeguard measures are adequately implemented. - Establish a grievance redress system and assist community in the redress of their grievances through the system.
ENVIRONMENT ANALYST
Name of Employer: Ministry of Environment and Energy, Male’, Maldives Position title: Environment Analyst (Coastal Unit) Period of work: March 2016 to May 2017 Major Responsibilities: - Managing Coastal PSIP projects and donor assisted projects (ORIO and KAFED). - Ensuring the implementation of the project components are in line with the government policies and/or donor requirements. - Interacting with the financial, procurement and technical staff of the Ministry and EPA to enable smooth implementation of the project components. - Coordination among the stakeholders including the atoll/island councils, contractors and engineers in resolving various issues that come up during the implementation. - Processing bills raised by contractors. - Preparing and compilation of the project progress reports, quarterly reports and updates in a timely manner. - Providing information, monthly progress reports and other documentation requested by the Project Director for review and/or for presentation to Steering/Technical committees, donor review missions or by other relevant authorities of the Government in a timely manner. - Preparation of Terms of Reference, Tender Documents and Evaluation of Bids and Proposals. - Preparing Contract Documents and Contract Amendments. - Monitoring the progress of project activities on a regular basis. - Visiting project sites periodically and reporting back on the status of on-site activities to the management. - Participating in EIA scoping meetings related to the project and guiding contractors in the EIA application process. - Ensuring that the projects are formulated in an environmentally friendly and sustainable manner by consulting EPA and other relevant parties.
ENVIRONMENT ANALYST
Name of Employer: Ministry of Environment and Energy, Male’, Maldives Position title: Environment Analyst (Awareness Unit) Period of work: July 2010 to December 2013 Major Responsibilities: - Conducting regional environmental awareness sessions in different atolls. - Conducting waste management workshops in different regions of Maldives. - Organizing and celebrating major environmental significant days at national level. - Preparing booklets, broachers and newsletters in view to increase public knowledge on existing environmental issues in Maldives. - Creating Environmental Awareness through Media. - Provided assistance to legal unit in drafting sold waste management regulation, standards on biodegradable plastic bags and Environmental impact assessment regulation.
ENVRIONMENT OFFICER (T)
Name of Employer: Ministry of Environment, Energy and Water , Male’, Maldives Position held: Environment Officer (Trainee) Period of work: February 2005 – July 2007 Major Responsibilities: - Provide assistance in facilitating and carrying out various works in relation to environmental awareness and community mobilization. - Writing and publishing 2005 World Environment Day Awareness handbook. - Conducting a weekly environmental awareness raising radio program on national radio.
Additional Experience
Registered EIA Reviewer in EPA (since April 2016)
Training Program for Environmental Regulators 19-30 Nov 2012 New Delhi, India
Consultation for the Asia-Pacific Region in preparation for 31 Oct - 1 Nov 2012 the fifth session of the intergovernmental negotiating Bangkok, Thailand committee on mercury
Tbilisi+35: Intergovernmental conference on Environmental 6-7 Sept 2012 Education for Sustainable Development Tbilisi, Georgia
Third Asia Pacific Regional Meeting on SAICM 8-9 Sep 2011 Beijing, China
UNITAR Regional Workshop on Nanotechnology and 6-7 Sep 2011 Manufactured Nanomaterials Beijing, China
UNEP/OECD Workshop on Perfluorinated Chemicals 5 Sep 2011 and transition to safer alternatives Beijing, China
Seminar on Integrated Coastal Management Oct/Nov 2010 for Developing Countries Xiamen, China
Capacity building in ecosystem based management 18 – 20 June 2007 approaches for the Coastal areas in the Maldives The University of Queensland
Training on preparation and interpretation of 20 – 21 Feb 2006 Climate Risk profile for the Maldives Ministry of Environment, Maldives
ACADEMIC RECORD
Name and address of institution Degree obtained (Master and Study period from - to Medium of Bachelor only) instruction Griffith University Master of Urban and 2 March 2014 – 15 English 170 Kessels Rd, Nathan QLD 4122, Environmental Planning December 2015 Australia University of Mysore Bachelor of Science 1 Jul 2007 – 30 Jun 2010 English Mysore, Karnataka, India Centre for Higher Secondary Education London GCE Advanced Level 1 Jun 2002 -30 Jun 2004 English Male’, Maldives Majeediyya School London GCE Ordinary Level 1 Jan 1999 – 31 Jan English Male’, Maldives 2002
AWARDS / HONOURS/ COMMENDATIONS
PIA (Planning Institute of Australia) Awards for Planning Excellence 2015 - Commendation for Outstanding Student Project “Connected with Water: Integrated and Adaptive Water Management Framework” – University Sponsored by Queensland Government. Griffith Award for Academic Excellence 2015. Griffith Award for Academic Excellence 2014. Australia Awards Scholarship 2014. Certificate of Acknowledgement in recognition of outstanding contribution to Earth Hour campaign 2013. Certificate of Achievement (Discipline Prize), Majeediyya School. Certificate of Achievement (Passed in all curriculum subjects), Majeediyya School.
RESEARCH EXPERIENCE PUBLICATIONS
Coauthor of Environmental Impact Assessment Report for the proposed agricultural project at R. Ungulu. Coauthor of Environmental Impact Assessment Report for the proposed 10 storey residential development at H. Sandhaleege. Connected with Water: Integrated and Adaptive Water Management Framework for South East Queensland (Studio Project, Griffith University). Urban Analysis of Brisbane CBD – Case Study (Studio Project, Griffith University). Feasibility Study for Low Density Residential Development in Park Ridge Queensland (Studio Project, Griffith University). Effects of leachates on the quality of ground water (Bachelor of Science Dissertation, University of Mysore). Pemphis Newsletter Issue number 22 – 40 (Publication of Ministry of Environment and Energy). Environment Impact Assessment Regulations 2012 (Publication of Ministry of Environment and Energy). Standards on Biodegradable Plastic Bags 2012 (Publication of Ministry of Environment and Energy). State of the Environment of Maldives 2011 (Publication of Ministry of Environment and Energy).
REFEREES
Professor Darryl LOW CHOY Professor – Environment and Landscape Planning Urban Research Program
Head of Discipline (Planning) School of Environment Griffith University Brisbane, QLD 4111 Australia
Program Co-Leader Program B: Waster Sensitive Urbanism Cooperative Research Centre for Water Sensitive Cities E: [email protected]
Dr Tooran Alizadeh Lecturer, Urban & Environmental Planning Griffith School of Environment Griffith University Brisbane, QLD 4111 Australia E: [email protected]
Ahmed Murthaza Director General, Waste and Pollution Control Department Ministry of Environment & Energy, Male’, Maldives Work: (+960) 3004315 / Mobile: (+960)7771504
Sincerely,
Ahmed Hassaan Zuhair
APPENDIX E
Project Site and Study Area
APPENDIX F
Detailed Engineering Drawing
PROJECT: CONSTRUCTION OF AN ISLAND WASTE MANAGEMENT CENTRE at Th. Vandhoo
PREPARED BY: WASTE MANAGEMENT AND POLLUTION CONTROL DEPARTMENT MINISTRY OF ENVIRONMENT AND ENERGY
JULY 2017 SITE LAYOUT CONCRETE SCREED COMPOST PAD MADE OF CONCRETE 27350
18000 27350
150 150 150 150 150 150 150 150 6150 4000 2000 4000 3000 3000 4000 2000 Metals Glass height Plastics 4300 Sorting 1000mm Platform of Other Waste Equipment Room Hazardous Waste 1850 SORTING AREA Paper, Cardboard and
COLLECTION AREA 1850
ENTRANCE/EXIT ENTRANCE/EXIT 3000
FLOOD 18000 LIGHT 700 POLE 1400 1400 3000 FLOOD LIGHT CONCRETE SCREED POLE 3000 8850
GROUND WATER COMPOST PAD MADE OF PUMP ROOM HUT CONCRETE 3000
12000
SITE LAYOUT MASONRY WALLS COLLECTION BAY - PLANS 1.5M HIGH 3.5 to 3M HIGH MASONRY WALL
4300
Sorting Platform of 1000mm height
Metals
Glass
Plastics
MASONRY WALL 3M HIGH Paper,
MASONRY Cardboard and 3M HIGH
3.5M to Other Waste WALL MASONRY WALL 3.5M HIGH
Hazardous Waste METAL GATE OF 1.5M LENGTH SLIDING FOLDING EACH GATES OF 2M LENGTH TWO METAL MASONRY 3M HIGH WALL
Equipment Room 3.5M to 3M HIGH MASONRY WALL 27350
150 150 150 150 150 150 150 150 6150 4000 2000 4000 3000 3000 4000 150 2000 4300 1850
1500 1650 2000 2000 FLOOR PLAN
COLLECTION BAY - FLOOR PLAN 4300 COLLECTION BAY - FOUNDATION PLAN 3225 4150 2150 4150 27050 1850 1850 3000 CONCRETE LINTEL
CONCRETE COLUMN 3M C/C 1875
CONCRETE MIDDLE BEAM 3500 150 1475
GROUND LEVEL
550 CONCRETE GROUND BEAM WALL FOOTING
COLLECTION BAY - WALL COLLECTION BAY - WALL DETAILS COLUMN DETAILS
150 400 MIDDLE BEAM DETAILS 2NO.S 10MM DIA 300 BAR WELDED
550 GROUND LEVEL 150 150X150MM OF HEIGHT 3.5M ABOVE G.L. CONCRETE COLUMN 150 CONCRETE 300X150MM WALL FOOTING BAR WELDED 2NO.S 10MM DIA 1500MM ABOVE G.L. 150X200MM BEAM CONCRETE AT HEIGHT MASONRY WALL OF HEIGHT 3.7M OF THICKNESS 150MM BEAM AND WALL FOOTING DETAILS 2NO.S 10MM DIA BAR WELDED LINTEL DETAILS
150 200 150 200 150 150 150 300 MASONRY WALL OF HEIGHT 3.7M OF THICKNESS 150MM 1500MM ABOVE G.L. 150X200MM BEAM CONCRETE AT HEIGHT
550 GROUND LEVEL MASONRY OF HEIGHT 3.5M WALL ABOVE G.L. CONCRETE 300X150MM WALL FOOTING 150X200MM BEAM CONCRETE BAR WELDED 2NO.S 10MM DIA 75MM DIA G.I PIPE
CONCRETE
GROUND LEVEL
200x200 PLATE
400 WELDED TO BASE OF COLUMN WITH A COVER OF 50 50MM FROM BASE OF FOOTING 300x300 COLLECTION BAY G.I. PIPE COLUMN FOUNDATION
COLLECTION BAY - G.I PIPE COLUMN FOUNDATION DETAILS 27350
2˚ SLOPE 2˚ SLOPE 2˚ SLOPE 2˚ SLOPE 2˚ SLOPE FLASHING (AT ALL CORNERS) 4800
ROOF GUTTER ROOF GUTTER DOWN PIPE ROOF PLAN
COLLECTION BAY - ROOF PLAN 27350 2075 4800 1850
100x50 TIMBER RAFTERS @ 900MM c/c PROVIDE 50x38 TIMBER BATTENS @ 600MM c/c 150x75 TIMBER BEAMS
COLLECTION BAY - ROOF FRAMING PLANS COLLECTION BAY - ROOF TRUSS PLAN 4000 4075 ROOF TRUSS 4075 ROOF TRUSS 50MM DIA G.I PIPES 25MM DIA G.I PIPES ROOF TRUSS JOINT AT MID-POINT
COLLECTION BAY - TRUSS DETAILS ROOF FLASHING
MASONRY WALL ROOF GUTTER DOWN PIPE
GROUND LEVEL
MASONRY WALL
COLLECTION BAY - SIDE ELEVATION FOUNDATION LEVEL COLLECTION BAY - CROSS SECTION GROUND LEVEL
550 3500 FOUNDATION CONCRETE ROOF FLASHING MASONRY 3.5M HIGH MIDDLE BEAM WALL LYSAGHT ROOFING LINTEL CONCRETE 75MM CONCRETE SHEET MASONRY WALL SCREED 1.5M HIGH TIMBER RAFTERS TIMBER BATTENS MASONRY WALL G.I PIPE 50MM DIA 1.5M HIGH FOUNDATION ROOF GUTTER G.I PIPE 50MM DIA EXTENSION OF ROOF SORTING AREA - PLATFORM DETAILS
2000 400 400 1200 400 300 4000 300 400
1200 400 400
150 850 T10@150 c/c BW 400 CERAMIC TILES ON TOP OF RC SLAB 300 150MM THICK RC SLAB CONCRETE COLUMN 150MM THICK 4000 300 400
1000 GUIDE RAIL
SLIDE SLIDING DOOR PANEL TO OF LENGTH 1.5M THE MS SHEET LEFT
SLIDING DOOR HANDLE
GUIDE RAIL
MASONRY WALL OF HEIGHT 3M
HAZARDOUS WASTE STORATE ROOM - METAL SLIDING DOOR DETAIL 25MM DIA G.I PIPES 12.5MM DIA G.I PIPES
ALL GAPS OF TRUSS COVERED WITH 3MM MS SHEETS GUIDE RAIL
OPEN OPEN FOLDING DOOR PANELS TO TO THE THE RIGHT LEFT
DOOR HINGES
GUIDE RAIL
GROUND LEVEL DOOR HANDLES NOTE: ALL WELDS FOR TRUSS MEMBERS ARE 5MM FILLET WELDS
EQUIPMENT ROOM - METAL SLIDING DOOR DETAIL G.I BRACKET WELDED TO COLUMN (TO FIX FLOOD LIGHT)
75mmØ GI PIPE
CONCRETE FOOTING
900 200x200 PLATE WELDED TO BASE OF COLUMN 50
400x400
FLOOD LIGHT FOUNDATION DETAILS 50x50 PVC COATED MESH
MASONRY WALL OF HEIGHT 150X150MM 600MM 50MM DIA G.I PIPE CONCRETE COLUMN ABOVE G.L. 600 OF HEIGHT 600MM ABOVE G.L. 600 600
GROUND LEVEL GROUND LEVEL GROUND LEVEL
50MM DIA G.I PIPE 400 400 550 550 CONCRETE CONCRETE 450 WALL FOOTING BEAM CONCRETE COLUMN 300X150MM 150 150 150 150 300 300 CONCRETE 200x200 200x200 PLATE WALL FOOTING WELDED TO BASE 300X150MM 200x200 PLATE OF COLUMN WELDED TO BASE PERIMETER WALL PERIMETER WALL OF COLUMN COLUMN DETAILS BEAM AND WALL FOOTING DETAILS PERIMETER FENCE FOUNDATION DETAIL
BOUNDARY WALL - BEAM AND COLUMN DETAILS 2m 2m
50mmØ G.I pipe 2100 2.8m 50x50 PVC coated mesh
Masonry wall 0.6m
Ground level
NOTE: ALL WELDS ARE 5mm FILLET PERIMETER FENCE WELD AROUND MEMBER
FENCE DETAILS 3000 2800
MASONRY WALL
50x50 PVC COATED MESH
NOTE: 3MM MS SHEET - DOOR IS MADE FROM 25MM DIA GI PIPE COATED WITH PAINT - ALL WELDS ARE 5MM FILLET WELDS AROUND MEMBER
MAIN GATE 4000 4000 4000
EXPANSION EXPANSION EXPANSION JOINT JOINT JOINT 1500
EXPANSION EXPANSION EXPANSION JOINT JOINT JOINT 1500
COMPOST SLAB - JOINTS AND SPACINGS 4000 4000 4000
B1 B1 B1
100MM THICK 100MM THICK 100MM THICK B1 SLAB PANEL SLAB PANEL SLAB PANEL B1 1500 B2 B2 1% SLOPE 1% SLOPE 1% SLOPE
B3 B3 B3
1% SLOPE 1% SLOPE 1% SLOPE B1 B1 B2 B2 100MM THICK 100MM THICK 100MM THICK 1500 SLAB PANEL SLAB PANEL SLAB PANEL
B1 B1 B1
COMPOST SLAB - PLAN COMPOST SLAB BEAM DETAILS 300 with 1% slope to leachate well 100mm PVC pipe cut in half T10@200 c/c BW 300 300 T10@200 c/c BW
300 300 300 T10@200 c/c BW BEAM B1 DETAIL MEMBRANE BEAM B3 DETAIL BEAM B2 DETAIL HDPE MEMBRANE
300 300 HDPE MEMBRANE HDPE
100
100 100 SLAB EXPANSION JOINT DETAIL 10 POLYETHYLENE JOINT FILLER FOAM SILICONE SECTION BB SECTION
2000 SECTION AA SECTION AA SECTION
ACCESS DOOR TO PRIMARY TANK WITH TIMBER COVER 1000x2000mm 3000
ACCESS DOOR TO SECONDARY TANK
WITH TIMBER COVER
1000x2000mm SECTION BB SECTION
LEACHATE WELL
LEACHATE COLLECTION TANK PLAN VIEW LEACHATE COLLECTION TANK - DETAILS COMPOST SLAB DRAIN LEACHATE WELL DETAILS PRIMARY TANK FROM LEACHATE OF LEACHATE WELL COMPOST PAD CONVEYANCE PIPE SLOPE TOWARDS INSIDE LEACHATE WELL PVC BALL VALVE
PLAN
T10 @ 150 BW SINGLE LAYER SINGLE BW 150 @ T10 75MM THICK CONCRETE WALL CONCRETE THICK 75MM
2000
SECONDARY TANK SECONDARY
TANK TO TANK
FROM PRIMARY FROM
OVERFLOW PIPE OVERFLOW
50MM
TANK TANK
PRIMARY SECONDARY
3000 75MM THICK CONCRETE WALL T10 @ 150 BW SINGLE LAYER TIMBER REMOVABLE PVC BALL VALVE THROUGH THE (REACHABLE CONVEYANCE PIPE TANK TOP) COMPOST PAD CONVEYANCE PIPE 1825 LEACHATE COMPOST PAD FROM LEACHATE SECTION BB FROM REMOVABLE TIMBER COVER OF DIMENSIONS 1000x1800mm SECTION AA REMOVABLE TIMBER COVER 1850 2000 250 PRIMARY TANK FROM PRIMARY SECONDARY TANK OVERFLOW PIPE 50MM TANK TO FROM PRIMARY SECONDARY TANK OVERFLOW PIPE 50MM TANK TO REMOVABLE TIMBER COVER 950
1000 75MM THICK CONCRETE WALL T10 @ 150 BW SINGLE LAYER 1100 PVC TAP 7200
CONCRETE SCREED 10000 PVC TAP
COMPOST PAD MADE OF CONCRETE DISTRIBUTION PIPE
PLUMBING LAYOUT 150 150
3000
CIRCUIT BREAKERS AND CURRENT METER ADJACENT TO SWITCHES
100W ENERGY SAVING LIGHT
MASONRY MASONRY WALL WALL CEILING FAN 3M HIGH 3M HIGH 3 PHASE POWER POINTS (1.5M ABOVE GROUND)
TWO METAL FOLDING GATES
ELECTRICAL LAYOUT - EQUIPMENT ROOM 1750 150mm MASONRY WALL PUMP WITH 25mm PLASTERING ON BOTH SIDES
1750 WELL X X
TIMBER DOOR
FRONT ELEVATION PUMP ROOM HUT
5° LYSAGHT ROOFING SHEET 100x50 RAFTERS @ 1000c/c PUMP 50x38 BATTENS @ 600c/c
WELL (1000mm dia) 1700
TIMBER DOOR WITH FIXED LOUVERS
SIDE ELEVATION
SECTION X-X
GROUND WATER PUMP ROOM HUT DETAILS APPENDIX G
Bill of Quantities
CONSTRUCTION OF WASTE MANAGEMENT CENTRE Bill of Quantities TH.VANDHOO No Item Unit Quantity Rate Amount 1 Preliminaries 1.1 Mobilization to site LS 1 Site management cost including set up of temporary services 1.2 LS 1 for contractor's services as maybe necessary 1.3 Setup sign boards on site as specified LS 1 1.4 Clean up site upon completion of works LS 1 1.5 Demobilization LS 1
2 Site Clearance Allow for all site clean-up work including relocation of 2.1 existing waste to a temporary location identified by island LS 1 council
3 Earth works Allow for all excavation work for foundations as follows 3.1 Collection bay foundation m3 5.23 3.2 Perimeter wall m3 5.12 3.4 Flood light pole m3 0.13 3.5 Ground levelling works for ground slab works m2 189.61 3.6 Leachate collection tank m3 6 3.7 Setting up a ground water well in the location shown LS 1
4 Concrete works Collection Bay Area Provide 100mm concrete floor screed for collection bay area according to the slope shown in drawing with a drain at the 4.1 m3 11.76 Sorting Area. Reinforcement for the slab shall be R6@150 BW single layer
Wall Footing of Collection Bay Area walls cast according to 4.2 m3 3.28 drawing. Reinforcement shall be as shown on drawing
Middle Beams of Collection Bay Area walls cast according to 4.3 m3 0.98 drawing. Reinforcement shall be as shown on drawing.
Lintel for Collection Bay Area walls cast according to drawing. 4.4 m3 0.98 Reinforcement shall be as shown on drawing.
Columns for Collection Bay Area walls cast according to 4.5 m3 1.45 drawing. Reinforcement shall be as shown on drawing.
Concrete column for sorting area platform cast according to 4.6 m3 0.612 drawing. Provide 150mm thick reinforced concrete slab for sorting 4.7 area platform cast according to drawing. Reinforcements m3 1.2 shall be as shown on drawing. Compost Slab
Compost slab panels cast according to the slopes shown on 4.8 m3 3.6 drawing. Reinforcement shall be as shown on drawings. B1 beams of compost slab cast according to drawing. 4.9 m3 1.27 Reinforcement shall be as shown on drawing. B2 beams of compost slab cast according to drawing. 4.1 m3 0.19 Reinforcement shall be as shown on drawing.
B3 beams of compost slab with a mortar layer at an adequate slope, cast according to drawing. Reinforcement 4.11 m3 1.08 shall be as shown on drawing. Rate shall include reinforcement work, formwork, casting and mortar works.
Provide 100mm concrete floor screed for composting area. 4.12 m3 3.6 Reinforcement for the slab shall be R6@150 BW single layer
Leachate collection tank with primary and secondary tanks as 4.13 shown on drawing. Rate shall include all formwork, casting Nos 1 and placing of the tank Perimeter Wall 4.14 Perimeter wall column m3 1.43 4.15 Perimeter wall beam m3 1.86 Other 4.16 Foundation for flood light pole m3 0.29 4.17 Ground water well casting work LS 1
5 Structural steel works Collection Bay Area
Provide 75mm G.I pipe as structural columns for collection 5.1 bay area. Rate shall include all fixings at both ends of the Nos 8 pipe for necessary connections as shown on drawing
Provide truss as shown on the drawing. Rate shall include all 5.2 cuttings, weldings, applying of protective coating for welded m 6.15 joints, and setting up the truss Perimeter Wall Perimeter fence using 50mm G.I pipe as shown on drawing. Rate shall include all cuttings, weldings, applying of 5.3 m 48.75 protective coating for welded joints, and, setting up the fence. Other Perimeter fence using 50mm G.I pipe as shown on drawing. Rate shall include all cuttings, weldings, applying of 5.4 m 48.75 protective coating for welded joints, and, setting up the fence.
Provide 75mm G.I pipe as flood light fixing poles. Rate shall 5.5 Nos 2 include installation charges as shown on drawing.
6 Masonry works Collection Bay Area walls of thickness 150mm 6.1 3500mm high walls for Collection Bay Walls m3 22.21
6.2 1500mm high walls for Collection Bay section separation m3 2.4 Perimeter walls of thickness 150mm 6.3 1000mm high wall for perimeter wall m3 6.22 Other 2000mm high walls of thickness 150mm for Pump House 6.4 (1700mm high wall above ground level with 300mm below m3 1.76 ground level)
7 Plastering works Collection Bay Area 25mm plastering on 3500mm high walls for Collection Bay 7.1 m2 350.45 Outer Walls 25mm plastering on 1500mm high walls for Collection Bay 7.2 m2 51.3 section separation Perimeter Wall 7.3 25mm plastering on 1000mm wall for perimeter wall m2 105.71 Other 2000mm high walls of thickness 150mm for Pump House 7.4 (1700mm high wall above ground level with 300mm below m2 12.58 ground level)
8 Painting works Collection Bay Area Walls Apply emulsion paint coating on 3500mm high walls for 8.1 m2 350.45 Collection Bay Outer Walls Apply emulsion paint coating on 1500mm high walls for 8.2 m2 51.3 Collection Bay section separation Collection Bay Area Steel Members Apply emulsion paint coating on G.I columns of collection 8.3 LS 1 bay 8.4 Apply emulsion paint coating on the roof trusses LS 1 Apply paint coating on the metal sliding door of the 8.5 LS 1 Hazardous waste storage room Apply paint coating on the two metal folding doors of the 8.6 LS 2 equipment room Perimeter Wall Apply emulsion paint coating on 1000mm high wall for 8.7 m2 105.71 perimeter fence Perimeter Wall Steel members Apply emulsion paint coating on G.I members of perimeter 8.7 LS 1 fence Apply emulsion paint coating on G.I members and MS Sheets 8.9 LS 1 of gates Other 8.1 Apply paint coating on flood light pole LS 2 Apply emulsion paint coating on the removable timber 8.11 LS 2 covers of the leachate collection tanks Apply emulsion paint coating on 2000mm high walls of 8.12 thickness 150mm for Pump House (1700mm high wall above m2 12.58 ground level with 300mm below ground level)
9 Roofing works Collection Bay Area Lysaght roofing sheet for collection bay area. Rate shall 9.1 include all necessary laps, fastening, fixtures and sealing of m2 131.28 joints Roof flashing. Rate shall include fastening and sealing of 9.2 m 35.95 joints Timber beams - 150 x 75mm. Rate shall include for all fixing 9.3 m 82.05 and joints. Timber rafters - 100 x 50mm. Rate shall include for all fixing 9.4 m 30.39 and joints Timber battens - 50 x 38mm. Rate shall include for all fixing 9.5 m 45.58 and joints. Other
Lysaght roofing sheet for Pump House. Rate shall include all 9.6 m2 4 necessary laps, fastening, fixtures and sealing of joints
Pump House Timber rafters - 100 x 50mm. Rate shall include 9.7 m 4 for all fixing and joints Pump House Timber battens - 50 x 38mm. Rate shall include 9.8 m 6.67 for all fixing and joints.
10 Electrical works Collection Bay Area
Provide 3 phase 13 A power sockets in equipment room. 10.1 Rate shall include connection to circuit breaker using 4sqmm Nos 4 power supply cable and all necessary accessories
Provide 100W ceiling mount energy saving light in equipment room, provide the switches near circuit breaker inside the 10.2 Nos 1 equipment room. Rate shall include connection to circuit breaker Provide 100W ceiling mount energy saving light in hazardous waste storage room, provide the switches near circuit 10.3 Nos 1 breaker inside the equipment room. Rate shall include connection to circuit breaker
Provide and mount a Ceiling fan inside the Equipment Room as indicated. Rate shall include provision of switch near the 10.4 Nos 1 circuit breaker inside the equipment room, connection to circuit breaker and all necessary accessories
Supply and fix electric meter, 4 pole MCCB, Single Phase distribution board and 3 Phase distribution board as shown 10.5 LS 1 on drawing. Earth link and connection to earth rod with proper earth pit should be provided as well
Provide and mount a exhaust fan inside the Equipment Room and Hazardous Waste Storage Room. Rate shall 10.6 include provision of switch near the circuit breaker inside the LS 2 equipment room, connection to circuit breaker and all necessary accessories 10.7 Provide weather proof switch for all lights LS 1
Provide 25 sqmm 4 core power supply cable from nearest 10.8 m 250 distribution box to waste yard distribution board Other Provide 13 A power socket for well water pump inside the Pump House, provide the switch for the pump near circuit 10.9 Nos 1 breaker inside the equipment room. Rate shall include connection to circuit breaker. Provide 200 W flood light for illuminating the waste yard. Rate shall include connecting each light to a switch near 10.1 Nos 2 circuit breaker inside the equipment room and providing power to the switch Provide well water pump. Rate shall include its fixing inside 10.11 Nos 1 the Pump House
11 Plumbing works Provide connection from pump to ground water well. Rate 11.1 shall include all necessary pipes, bends, fittings and foot valve LS 1 and others as maybe required. Provide outlet pipes as shown on drawing. Rate shall include 11.2 connection to pump, bends, fittings and others as maybe LS 1 necessary. 11.3 Provide PVC taps at ends of outlet pipes. Nos 2 11.4 Supply 25mm diameter flexible hose m 25
12 Doors and windows Metal Doors
Provide lockable metal sliding gates for entrance to hazardous waste storage room. Rate shall include all cuts, welds, applying 12.1 protective coating to welded joints, painting the door and Nos 1 proper fixing of the door. Rate shall include fabrication and fixing of guide rails and wheels as well.
Provide lockable metal folding gates for entrance to Equipment room. Rate shall include all cuts, welds, applying 12.2 protective coating to welded joints, painting the door and Nos 2 proper fixing of the door. Rate shall include fabrication and fixing of guide rails and wheels as well.
Provide lockable metal gates for entrance to waste yard as specified in the drawing. Rate shall include all cuts, welds, 12.3 Nos 2 applying protective coating to welded joints, painting the frame and properly fixing the door to the fence. Timber Doors Provide a lockable timber door of dimensions 1000mm x 1000mm with double door frames and fixed timber louvers for 12.4 Nos 1 the ground water pump room hut. Rates shall include all materials, hinges and fixings.
13 Other Works Collection Bay Area Provide a 5" vinyl roof gutter with 2" x 3" downspout. Rates 13.1 LS 1 shall include all materials and fastenings. Provide 12" x 12" ceramic tiles for the top and the sides of 13.2 m2 9.8 the concrete slab for sorting area platform Perimeter Wall 50 x 50 PVC coated mesh. Rate shall include properly securing 13.3 m2 102.38 the mesh to G.I steel frame Compost Slab Provide HDPE membrane below compost slab, Concrete screed 13.4 m2 189.61 and collection bay floor slab Provide expansion joint in slab and fill the joint with 13.5 polyethylene joint filler form and silicone as shown on m 12 drawing Provide two timber removable covers for the leachate 13.6 collection tank of size 1000x2000mm. Rates shall include all LS 2 materials, fastenings and handles. Connection of compost slab drain to primary tank of the 13.7 LS 1 leachate tank including ball valve TOTAL APPENDIX H
Council Meeting Participants List
ރަޓްކެރިޑ ްޓްނަޓްސިސެއ ާސޫމ ްމަދާއ ުރްމައ APPENDIX I
Letter from Island Council regarding site clearance
APPENDIX J
Proponent’s Commitment for Mitigation and Monitoring