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Shankar Kumar

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Shankar Kumar

+91-9410762348 [email protected] researchgate.net/profile/Shankar_Kumar9

Personal information
Summary

A naturalist by hobby and a teacher by heart. Skilled at quickly learning new processes and technologies. Selfmotivated with strong organizational and time management abilities. Basically an explorer.
• Designation- Assistant Professor, Mathematics

• Qualification- Ph.D., USET • Area of specialization/ research field- Riemannian Geometry,

Differentiable manifold.

• Conference/ Seminar attended- 06

Experience

• Statistical Officer- 04/2011 to

Publications

Kumar S, Upreti J. A new connection an almost paracontact



manifold. Journal of National Academy of Mathematics, Gorakhpur. 2015; 28: 42-52.
08/2019

• Assistant Professor- Since 08/2019.

Upreti J, Kumar S. On a type of semi-symmetric non-metric connection on a Lorentzian para-sasakian manifold. International Journal of Applied Mathematical Sciences. 2015; 8(2):114-119. Kumar S, Singh P, Joshi K. Range extension of Matapa sasivarna [Moore(1884)] Blackveined branded redeye to western Himalaya. Indian Forester. 2018; 144(10):1010-1012. Kumar S, Singh RS, Singh P. Range extension of Ciliate Blue Anthene emolus Godart (Lepidoptera: Lycaenidae) and Blank Swift Caltoris kumara Moore (Lepidoptera: Hesperiidae) into the Lower Western Himalaya. J. Bombay Nat. Hist. Soc. 2018; 115. Kumar S, Singh RS, Singh P. New records of white-line bushbrown Heteropsis malsara Moore (Lepidoptera: Nymphalidae) and obscure branded swift Pelopidas agna Moore (Lepidoptera: Hesperiidae) from Uttarakhand. Journal of Entomology and Zoology Studies. 2019; 7(1): 125-128.

Highlights



Mathematician/Statistician

NCC “C” Certificate holder

A naturalist Butterfly enthusiast

Education

Doctor of Philosophy: S.S.J. Campus



Almora, Kumaon University. 2017

Mailing address

Assistant Professor, Mathematics, S.S.J.V.S.S.S. Govt. Post Graduate College, Ranikhet, Almora, Uttarakhand 263645.
Kumar S, Singh RS, Singh P, Kumar S. Rediscovery of butterflies

Arhopala bazalus Hewitson, 1862 and Catapaecilma major Druce,

1895 from Uttarakhand, India. Journal of Entomology and Zoology Studies. 2019; 7(1): 125-128.

Publications contd.



Kumar S, Singh RS, Singh P. Rediscovery of the Narrow Spark butterfly Sinthusa nasaka pallidior Fruhstorfer, 1912 (Lepidoptera: Lycaenidae: Theclinae) from Uttarakhand, India. Bionotes. 2019; 21(1): 10-11. Kumar S, Kumar CS, Singh RS, Singh P. Review and status of Ypthima newara Moore (Lepidoptera: Nymphalidae) in the Western Himalaya. Bionotes. 2019; 21(2): 51-53. Kumar S, Singh RS, Singh P. New records of One-spot Grass Yellow Eurema andersonii Moore (Lepidoptera: Pieridae) and Common Shot Silverline Spindasis ictis Hewitson (Lepidoptera: Lycaenidae) from Kumaon region of Uttarakhand, India. Journal of Entomology and Zoology Studies. 2020; 8(4): 536-539.

Kumar S, Singh P, Pant D. Distribution of Himalayan white-lipped pit viper Trimeresurus septentrionalis Kramer 1977 (Reptilia: Viperidae) in Kumaon Zone, Uttarakhand, India. International Journal of Zoology Studies. 2020; 5(6): 01-03.



Kumar S, Singh RS, Singh P, Kumar S. Range extension of Purple Swift Caltoris tulsi De Niceville (Lepidoptera: Hesperiidae) to the western Himalaya. Bionotes. 2020; 22(3):121-124. Butalia R, Kumar S, Agnihotri A. Confirmation of the Redbrest butterfly Papilio alcmenor (Lepidoptera: Papilionidae) in Uttarakhand, India. Bionotes. 2020; 22(3):146-147. Kumar, S., and K. Kunte. 2020. Ypthima indecora Moore, 1882 – Indecorous Five-ring. Kunte, K., S. Sondhi, and P. Roy (Chief Editors). Butterflies of India, v. 3.10. Indian Foundation for Butterflies.

http://www.ifoundbutterflies.org/sp/3040/Ypthima-indecora

Kumar S, Kumar S. Hizrat Moment - A Partial Reason of migration in Uttarakhand. 2020. Conference Paper.



Kumar S, Singh K, Singh RS, Singh P. Recent observations of lesser brimstone (Gonepteryx mahaguru Gistel, 1857) (Lepidoptera: Peridae) in Uttarakhand, India.Journal of Entomology and Zoology Studies. 2020; 8(4): 763-765. Singh RS, Kumar S, Singh D, Singh K, Singh P. Preliminary checklist of butterflies of Skimmer Biodiversity Reserve, an urban area of Vasant Vihar, Dehradun, Uttarakhand. My Forest. 2020; 56 (1&2): 23-38. Singh P, Singh RS, Singh D, Kumar S. A new report of partial albinism in Himalayan Bulbul Pycnonotus leucogenys from Uttarakhand, India. Bionotes. 2020; 22(1): 06-08.



Kumar S, Singh RS, Singh P. Rediscovery of white-striped snow flat Tagiades cohaerens Mabille, 1914 (Lepidoptera: Hesperiidae) from Uttarakhand, India. Journal of Entomology and Zoology Studies. 2020; 8(1): 1431-1433.

***********

Recommended publications
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    A Compilation and Analysis of Food Plants Utilization of Sri Lankan Butterfly Larvae (Papilionoidea)

    MAJOR ARTICLE TAPROBANICA, ISSN 1800–427X. August, 2014. Vol. 06, No. 02: pp. 110–131, pls. 12, 13. © Research Center for Climate Change, University of Indonesia, Depok, Indonesia & Taprobanica Private Limited, Homagama, Sri Lanka http://www.sljol.info/index.php/tapro A COMPILATION AND ANALYSIS OF FOOD PLANTS UTILIZATION OF SRI LANKAN BUTTERFLY LARVAE (PAPILIONOIDEA) Section Editors: Jeffrey Miller & James L. Reveal Submitted: 08 Dec. 2013, Accepted: 15 Mar. 2014 H. D. Jayasinghe1,2, S. S. Rajapaksha1, C. de Alwis1 1Butterfly Conservation Society of Sri Lanka, 762/A, Yatihena, Malwana, Sri Lanka 2 E-mail: [email protected] Abstract Larval food plants (LFPs) of Sri Lankan butterflies are poorly documented in the historical literature and there is a great need to identify LFPs in conservation perspectives. Therefore, the current study was designed and carried out during the past decade. A list of LFPs for 207 butterfly species (Super family Papilionoidea) of Sri Lanka is presented based on local studies and includes 785 plant-butterfly combinations and 480 plant species. Many of these combinations are reported for the first time in Sri Lanka. The impact of introducing new plants on the dynamics of abundance and distribution of butterflies, the possibility of butterflies being pests on crops, and observations of LFPs of rare butterfly species, are discussed. This information is crucial for the conservation management of the butterfly fauna in Sri Lanka. Key words: conservation, crops, larval food plants (LFPs), pests, plant-butterfly combination. Introduction Butterflies go through complete metamorphosis 1949). As all herbivorous insects show some and have two stages of food consumtion.
  • Observations on Lycaenid Butterflies from Panbari Reserve Forest and Adjoining Areas, Kaziranga, Assam, Northeastern

    Observations on Lycaenid Butterflies from Panbari Reserve Forest and Adjoining Areas, Kaziranga, Assam, Northeastern

    Journal of Threatened Taxa | www.threatenedtaxa.org | 26 December 2015 | 7(15): 8259–8271 Observations on lycaenid butterflies from Panbari Reserve Forest and adjoining areas, Kaziranga, Assam, northeastern India ISSN 0974-7907 (Online) ISSN 0974-7893 (Print) Communication Short Monsoon Jyoti Gogoi OPEN ACCESS Ph.D Student, Department of Ecology & Environmental Science, Assam University, Silchar, Assam 788011, India [email protected] Abstract: A checklist of 116 taxa of Lycaenidae (Blues) along with made to document the Lycaenidae notes on important species in low elevation forest of Panbari Reserve, of Kaziranga-Karbi Hills Kaziranga - West Karbi Hills, upper Assam is reported in this paper based on surveys conducted during 2007–2012 and some recent sightings till date. Important sightings include Blue Gem Poritia Methods erycinoides elsiei, Square-band Brownie Miletis nymphys porus, Plain Plushblue Flos apidanus ahamus, Blue Royal Ancema carmentalis, Study area Elwes Silverline Spindasis elwesi, Artipe skinneri, etc. The Panbari Reserve Forest (26036’N & 93030’E) is protected under the Kaziranga National Park (KNP) Keywords: Butterfly diversity, Kaziranga, Lycaenidae, northeastern India, Panbari Reserve. as its fourth addition (Images 1a,b & 2). The average elevation of the forest is around 90m. The altitude however ranges from 70–300 m. The reserve is very close to National Highway 37 (NH37) on the Guwahati- The Lycaenidae (Blues) butterfly diversity in low Jorhat route. The reserve falls between Golaghat and elevation forests of Panbari Reserve, Kaziranga - West Karb Anglong (KA) districts of Assam. To the north of Karbi Hills, upper Assam is reported in this paper. Karbi the reserve lies Dollamora proposed reserve in Karbi Hills constitue a chain of hill ranges lying in middle Assam Anglong District and on the southern boundary is a in the southern bank of the river Brahmaputra.
  • Flora and Fauna of Phong Nha-Ke Bang and Hin Namno, a Compilation Page 2 of 151

    Flora and Fauna of Phong Nha-Ke Bang and Hin Namno, a Compilation Page 2 of 151

    Flora and fauna of Phong Nha-Ke Bang and Hin Namno A compilation ii Marianne Meijboom and Ho Thi Ngoc Lanh November 2002 WWF LINC Project: Linking Hin Namno and Phong Nha-Ke Bang through parallel conservation Flora and fauna of Phong Nha-Ke Bang and Hin Namno, a compilation Page 2 of 151 Acknowledgements This report was prepared by the WWF ‘Linking Hin Namno and Phong Nha through parallel conservation’ (LINC) project with financial support from WWF UK and the Department for International Development UK (DfID). The report is a compilation of the available data on the flora and fauna of Phong Nha-Ke Bang and Hin Namno areas, both inside and outside the protected area boundaries. We would like to thank the Management Board of Phong Nha-Ke Bang National Park, especially Mr. Nguyen Tan Hiep, Mr. Luu Minh Thanh, Mr. Cao Xuan Chinh and Mr. Dinh Huy Tri, for sharing information about research carried out in the Phong Nha-Ke Bang area. This compilation also includes data from surveys carried out on the Lao side of the border, in the Hin Namno area. We would also like to thank Barney Long and Pham Nhat for their inputs on the mammal list, Ben Hayes for his comments on bats, Roland Eve for his comments on the bird list, and Brian Stuart and Doug Hendrie for their thorough review of the reptile list. We would like to thank Thomas Ziegler for sharing the latest scientific insights on Vietnamese reptiles. And we are grateful to Andrei Kouznetsov for reviewing the recorded plant species.
  • BIONOTES Vol

    BIONOTES Vol

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  • Butterfly Biodiversity in Singapore with Particular Reference to the Central

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    Proceedings of the Nature Reserves Survey Seminar. 70re 49(2) (1997) Gardens' Bulletin Singapore 49 (1997) 273-296. ~ laysia and Butterfly Biodiversity in Singapore with Particular :ingapore. Reference to the Central Catchment Nature Reserve discovery, 1 2 ~y Bulletin. S.K. KHEW AND STEVEN S.H. NE0 1103, Tai Keng Gardens, Singapore 535384 re. In: L.M. 2Blk 16, Simei Street 1, #05-13, Melville Park, Singapore 529942 )f Zoology, Abstract Chin, R.T. A total of 381 butterfly species have now been recorded in Singapore of which 18 are new City: Bukit records since 1990. Of this total, 236 species (62%) were recorded during the present JOre. Suppl. survey. A U except 8 (3%) of these occur within the Nature Reserves and 148 (63%) were recorded only within the Nature Reserves. A total of 74 species (31%) within the Reserves were considered very rare. e Nee Soon ion: Marine Introduction l impact of The study of butterflies by amateurs is not new, and indeed, it is through onservation. the observations of these dedicated individuals that much important data have been accumulated over the years. The information on butterfly biodiversity in Singapore is, at most, sketchy. Most of the documentation ater prawn, of the species occurred done during the post-war years until the late 1960s. nidae) from From our literature research, two references stand out: W.A. Fleming's )gy. 43: 299- Butterflies of West Malaysia and Singapore (1991) and Steven Corbet and Maurice Pendlebury's Butterfli es of the Malay Peninsula (1992). Although the latest editions of the two reference books were published in the early ~amalph eops 1990s, most of the updates referred only to the Peninsular Malaysia.
  • Butterfly Extirpations

    Butterfly Extirpations

    RAFFLES BULLETIN OF ZOOLOGY 2018 Conservation & Ecology RAFFLES BULLETIN OF ZOOLOGY 66: 217–257 Date of publication: 19 April 2018 http://zoobank.org/urn:lsid:zoobank.org:pub:CFF83D96-5239-4C56-B7CE-8CA1E086EBFD Butterfy extirpations, discoveries and rediscoveries in Singapore over 28 years Anuj Jain1,2*#, Khew Sin Khoon3, Cheong Weei Gan2, and Edward L. Webb1* Abstract. Habitat loss and urbanisation in the tropics have been recognised as major drivers of species extinctions. Concurrently, novel habitats such as urban parks have been shown to be important as habitats and stepping stones in urban ecosystems around the world. However, few studies have assessed long-term patterns of species extinctions and discoveries in response to these drivers in the tropics. We know little about long-term persistence and utility of novel habitats in tropical urban ecosystems. In this study, we produced an updated and exhaustive butterfy checklist of species recorded from Singapore till December 2017 to investigate trends in butterfy extirpations (local extinctions), discoveries (new country records) and rediscoveries and how these relate to land use change in 28 years (1990–2017) in Singapore. Up to 144 butterfy species were identifed to be extirpated in Singapore by 1990. From 1990–2017, an additional nine butterfy extirpations have potentially occurred, which suggests a maximum of 153 butterfy extirpations to date. The rate of extirpations between 1990 to 2017 (< 0.33 extirpations per year) was much lower than the rate of extirpations between 1926 to 1989 (> 1.52 extirpations per year). The majority of potentially extirpated butterfies between 1990 to 2017 were species restricted to mature forests.
  • Red List of Bangladesh 2015

    Red List of Bangladesh 2015

    Red List of Bangladesh Volume 1: Summary Chief National Technical Expert Mohammad Ali Reza Khan Technical Coordinator Mohammad Shahad Mahabub Chowdhury IUCN, International Union for Conservation of Nature Bangladesh Country Office 2015 i The designation of geographical entitles in this book and the presentation of the material, do not imply the expression of any opinion whatsoever on the part of IUCN, International Union for Conservation of Nature concerning the legal status of any country, territory, administration, or concerning the delimitation of its frontiers or boundaries. The biodiversity database and views expressed in this publication are not necessarily reflect those of IUCN, Bangladesh Forest Department and The World Bank. This publication has been made possible because of the funding received from The World Bank through Bangladesh Forest Department to implement the subproject entitled ‘Updating Species Red List of Bangladesh’ under the ‘Strengthening Regional Cooperation for Wildlife Protection (SRCWP)’ Project. Published by: IUCN Bangladesh Country Office Copyright: © 2015 Bangladesh Forest Department and IUCN, International Union for Conservation of Nature and Natural Resources Reproduction of this publication for educational or other non-commercial purposes is authorized without prior written permission from the copyright holders, provided the source is fully acknowledged. Reproduction of this publication for resale or other commercial purposes is prohibited without prior written permission of the copyright holders. Citation: Of this volume IUCN Bangladesh. 2015. Red List of Bangladesh Volume 1: Summary. IUCN, International Union for Conservation of Nature, Bangladesh Country Office, Dhaka, Bangladesh, pp. xvi+122. ISBN: 978-984-34-0733-7 Publication Assistant: Sheikh Asaduzzaman Design and Printed by: Progressive Printers Pvt.
  • Issue No. 21 September 2011 Feature Article Contents a Review of The

    Issue No. 21 September 2011 Feature Article Contents a Review of The

    Issue No. 21 September 2011 www.hkbiodiversity.net Feature Article Contents A Review of the Local Restrictedness Feature Article: A Review of the Local Restrictedness of of Hong Kong Butterflies Hong Kong Butterflies page 1 Angela Chan, Joseph Cheung, Phoebe Sze, Working Group Column: Alfred Wong, Eric Wong and Eva Yau The First Record of the Dung Beetle Butterfly Working Group Onitis excavatus (掘凹蜣螂) in Hong Kong page 13 漁農自然護理署蝴蝶工作小組自2002年進行全港性的蝴蝶生態 調查，收集有關香港蝴蝶的基線資料。本文回顧本港236種蝴蝶的 Rare Snakes Found: Mountain Keelback 無顳鱗游蛇 分佈情況，根據其出現頻率分為「十分稀有」、「稀有」、「不常 (Amphiesma atemporale, ) 見」、「常見」和「十分常見」，其中51種具保育價值。名錄所載 and Northern Reed Snake (Calamaria 鈍尾兩頭蛇 的236種蝴蝶當中，超過99%在本港的保護區有記錄。 septentrionalis, ) page 15 Division Column: Introduction Public Support Results in the Successful Despite the small size of Hong Kong (approximate land area 1,104 Rescue of a Juvenile Green Turtle km2), over 230 butterfly species have been recorded in the territory. (Chelonia mydas, 綠海龜) page 16 A checklist of Hong Kong butterflies dating back to 1895 included A Short Note on a Rare Bird Record: 113 butterfly species, which was collected by Skertchly on Hong Bulwer’s Petrel (Bulweria bulwerii, Kong Island (Bascombe, Johnston & Bascombe, 1999). The number of 褐燕鸌) page 19 butterfly species recorded has increased progressively to 146 (Kershaw, 1907), 179 (Eliot, 1953), 184 (Marsh, 1960), 190 (Tang, 1970) and 199 What’s New: (Johnston & Johnston, 1980). Since then, individual butterfly species Latest News on the New Species of new to Hong Kong have been reported from time to time, which has Pteroptyx Firefly page 20 continuously expanded the local butterfly checklist. By now, the long list of butterfly species ever recorded in Hong Kong covers more than 280 species, including vagrant species and historical records.
  • A Preliminary Checklist of Butterflies (Lepidoptera: Rhophalocera) of Mendrelgang, Tsirang District, Bhutan

    A Preliminary Checklist of Butterflies (Lepidoptera: Rhophalocera) of Mendrelgang, Tsirang District, Bhutan

    Journal of Threatened Taxa | www.threatenedtaxa.org | 26 May 2014 | 6(5): 5755–5768 A preliminary checklist of butterflies (Lepidoptera: Rhophalocera) of Mendrelgang, Tsirang District, Bhutan 1 2 ISSN Irungbam Jatishwor Singh & Meenakshi Chib Communication Short Online 0974–7907 Print 0974–7893 1,2 Department of Science, Mendrelgang Middle Secondary School, Tsirang District 36001, Bhutan 1 [email protected] (corresponding author), 2 [email protected] OPEN ACCESS Abstract: The survey was conducted to prepare a preliminary checklist variety of forest types, from tropical evergreen forests to of butterflies of Mendrelgang, Bhutan. Butterflies were sampled from alpine meadows, which provide a vast range of habitat February 2012 to February 2013 to assess the species richness in a degraded forest patch of a sub-tropical broadleaf forest. This short- niches for butterflies (Wangdi et al. 2012). Evans (1932) term study recorded 125 species of butterflies in 78 genera from five identified 962 taxa of butterflies from northeastern India families. Of these, Sordid Emperor Apatura sordida Moore, Black- veined Sergeant Athyma ranga ranga Moore, Sullied Sailor Neptis from Sikkim, Assam, Manipur, Meghalaya, Nagaland, soma soma Linnaeus, Blue Duke Euthalia durga durga Moore, Pea Blue Mizoram to northern Myanmar. Wynter-Blyth (1957) Lampides boeticus Linnaeus and Chocolate Albatross Appias lyncida listed 835 species of butterflies from northeastern India Cramer are listed in Schedule II of the Indian Wildlife (Protection) Act (IWPA) 1972. This study provides the baseline data of butterfly species including Sikkim, Bhutan and Assam up to Chittangong. richness of Mendrelgang. However, there is paucity of information on butterflies of Bhutan.
  • Download Download

    Download Download

    PLATINUM The Journal of Threatened Taxa (JoTT) is dedicated to building evidence for conservaton globally by publishing peer-reviewed artcles online OPEN ACCESS every month at a reasonably rapid rate at www.threatenedtaxa.org. All artcles published in JoTT are registered under Creatve Commons Atributon 4.0 Internatonal License unless otherwise mentoned. JoTT allows allows unrestricted use, reproducton, and distributon of artcles in any medium by providing adequate credit to the author(s) and the source of publicaton. Journal of Threatened Taxa Building evidence for conservaton globally www.threatenedtaxa.org ISSN 0974-7907 (Online) | ISSN 0974-7893 (Print) Communication Butterflies of the myristica swamp forests of Shendurney Wildlife Sanctuary in the southern Western Ghats, Kerala, India Prabhakaran Chandrika Sujitha, Gopal Prasad & Kalesh Sadasivan 26 February 2019 | Vol. 11 | No. 3 | Pages: 13320–13333 DOI: 10.11609/jot.4399.11.3.13320-13333 For Focus, Scope, Aims, Policies, and Guidelines visit htps://threatenedtaxa.org/index.php/JoTT/about/editorialPolicies#custom-0 For Artcle Submission Guidelines, visit htps://threatenedtaxa.org/index.php/JoTT/about/submissions#onlineSubmissions For Policies against Scientfc Misconduct, visit htps://threatenedtaxa.org/index.php/JoTT/about/editorialPolicies#custom-2 For reprints, contact <[email protected]> The opinions expressed by the authors do not refect the views of the Journal of Threatened Taxa, Wildlife Informaton Liaison Development Society, Zoo Outreach Organizaton, or any of the
  • Larval Host Plants of the Butterflies of the Western Ghats, India

    Larval Host Plants of the Butterflies of the Western Ghats, India

    OPEN ACCESS The Journal of Threatened Taxa is dedicated to building evidence for conservaton globally by publishing peer-reviewed artcles online every month at a reasonably rapid rate at www.threatenedtaxa.org. All artcles published in JoTT are registered under Creatve Commons Atributon 4.0 Internatonal License unless otherwise mentoned. JoTT allows unrestricted use of artcles in any medium, reproducton, and distributon by providing adequate credit to the authors and the source of publicaton. Journal of Threatened Taxa Building evidence for conservaton globally www.threatenedtaxa.org ISSN 0974-7907 (Online) | ISSN 0974-7893 (Print) Monograph Larval host plants of the butterflies of the Western Ghats, India Ravikanthachari Nitn, V.C. Balakrishnan, Paresh V. Churi, S. Kalesh, Satya Prakash & Krushnamegh Kunte 10 April 2018 | Vol. 10 | No. 4 | Pages: 11495–11550 10.11609/jot.3104.10.4.11495-11550 For Focus, Scope, Aims, Policies and Guidelines visit htp://threatenedtaxa.org/index.php/JoTT/about/editorialPolicies#custom-0 For Artcle Submission Guidelines visit htp://threatenedtaxa.org/index.php/JoTT/about/submissions#onlineSubmissions For Policies against Scientfc Misconduct visit htp://threatenedtaxa.org/index.php/JoTT/about/editorialPolicies#custom-2 For reprints contact <[email protected]> Threatened Taxa Journal of Threatened Taxa | www.threatenedtaxa.org | 10 April 2018 | 10(4): 11495–11550 Larval host plants of the butterflies of the Western Ghats, Monograph India Ravikanthachari Nitn 1, V.C. Balakrishnan 2, Paresh V. Churi 3,
  • The Wild Life (Protection) Act, 1972 ______

    The Wild Life (Protection) Act, 1972 ______

    THE WILD LIFE (PROTECTION) ACT, 1972 ____________ ARRANGEMENT OF SECTIONS ____________ CHAPTER I PRELIMINARY SECTIONS 1. Short title, extent and commencement. 2. Definitions. CHAPTER II AUTHORITIES TO BE APPOINTED OR CONSTITUTES UNDER THE ACT 3. Appointment of Director and other officers. 4. Appointment of Life Warden and other officers. 5. Power to delegate. 5A. Constitution of the National Board for Wild Life. 5B. Standing Committee of the National Board. 5C. Functions of the National Board. 6. Constitution of State Board for Wild Life. 7. Procedure to be followed by the Board. 8. Duties of State Board for Wild Life. CHAPTER III HUNTING OF WILD ANIMALS 9. Prohibition of hunting. 10. [Omitted.] 11. Hunting of wild animals to be permitted in certain cases. 12. Grant of permit for special purposes. 13. [Omitted.] 14. [Omitted.] 15. [Omitted.] 16. [Omitted.] 17. [Omitted.] CHAPTER IIIA PROTECTION OF SPECIFIED PLANTS 17A. Prohibition of picking, uprooting, etc. of specified plant. 17B. Grants of permit for special purposes. 17C. Cultivation of specified plants without licence prohibited. 17D. Dealing in specified plants without licence prohibited. 17E. Declaration of stock. 17F. Possession, etc., of plants by licensee. 17G. Purchase, etc., of specified plants. 1 SECTIONS 17H. Plants to be Government property. CHAPTER IV PROTECTED AREAS Sanctuaries 18. Declaration of sanctuary. 18A. Protection to sanctuaries. 18B. Appointment of Collectors. 19. Collector to determine rights. 20. Bar of accrual of rights. 21. Proclamation by Collector. 22. Inquiry by Collector. 23. Powers of Collector. 24. Acquisition of rights. 25. Acquisition proceedings. 25A. Time-limit for completion of acquisition proceedings. 26. Delegation of Collector’s powers.