DOCSLIB.ORG

Why I'm Going to Ireland to Try to Fix the United States

Total Page：16

File Type：pdf, Size：1020Kb

Download full-text PDF Read full-text
Why I'm Going to Ireland to Try to Fix the United States Volume 4 Number 4 Fall 2018 Donations Accepted Peace in Our Times A Veterans For Peace publication exposing the root causes and enormous costs of war Grizzly bear just outside Gardiner, Mont., on a cool, Autumn morning. Photo: Horsefeathers Photography by Brad Orsted, The NRA and the Safari horsefeathersphotography.com Club Are Gunning for Grizzlies By Doug Peacock The gun lobby and big-game hunters are teaming up to get the bears off the en- Why I’m Going to Ireland to dangered species list. But that’s just a first step toward stealing public land. The NRA has become the bully who thinks he can run over anyone and domi- Try to Fix the United States By David Swanson ers) keep a couple of dozen foreign bases total. Imperialism is a As this issue was going to press, uniquely U.S. illness, although everybody suffers the damage. Chief District Judge Dana. L. The United States spends about five times what China does on Ireland is a nation legally bound to maintain neutrality but Christensen in Montana restored its military. And it spends more just on its military bases in other actively assisting in the crimes of U.S. wars. This coming Nov. Endangered Species Status to people’s countries than any country other than itself or China 11 is Armistice Day 100, and while Trump has been dissuaded the Greater Yellowstone grizzly, spends on its entire military. The United States keeps troops in from holding a weapons parade in Washington, he’s apparently saying the U.S. Fish and Wild- almost every country on earth, including in 800 to 1,000 major headed for France and Ireland. Come on, France, put the weap- life Service had exceeded its legal military bases outside the United States. The rest of the world’s ons away! Don’t welcome fascists! Come on, Ireland! You can authority in delisting the bears. nations combined (most of them U.S. allies and weapons custom- scare him off! Threaten to arrest him! “This is a tremendous victory in “We Serve Neither King Nor Kaiser, But Ireland,” it said 100 these dark days. Saving the Yel- years ago on the façade of Liberty Hall in Dublin as the Irish lowstone grizzly was at stake. I successfully refused to be drafted into a British war. “We Wel- cannot think of a better victory come Neither President Nor Imperial Buffoon” might be a good for wild nature,” said Doug Pea- new banner to promote a Trump-free Ireland. cock on hearing of the ruling. Within days of Trump’s possible visit, and of worldwide cel- ebrations of peace and the movement to abolish all war on Armi- stice Day 100, I’ll be taking part, along with people from all over nate partisan issues. And the issues are no the globe, in a conference at Liberty Hall Nov. 16–18 to discuss longer just those of the Second Amend- efforts to close down U.S. and NATO military bases. ment, though gun rights remain a primary If you’re like most people in the United States, you have a test of political loyalty. The NRA is also ac- vague awareness that the U.S. military keeps lots of troops per- tively trying to influence wildlife and wil- manently stationed on foreign bases around the world. But have derness issues, my center of interest. Last you ever wondered and really investigated to find out how many, spring the NRA with the Safari Club Inter- and where exactly, and at what cost, and to what purpose, and in national (SCI, a privileged group of mostly terms of what relationship with the host nations? wealthy hunters dedicated to killing large Some 800 bases with hundreds of thousands of troops in some and rare animals), backed a successful bill Liberty Hall in Dublin 100 years ago: ‘We Serve Neither King 70 nations, plus all kinds of other “trainers” and “non-perma- continued on page 4 … nor Kaiser, But Ireland.’ continued on page 14 … 2 V4N4—Fall 2018 Peace in Our Times • peaceinourtimes.org Letters to the Editor A Note from the Editors If You Support Trump, that seems to have escaped his support- ers’ jaded memory. Put One in the Does the Burns/Novick Walk Your Talk Vietnam War Documentary I suggest [people that support Trump] re- Series Deserve an Emmy? Mr. Trump has: fuse to accept [their] Social Security checks, 1) Issued rhetoric that empowered stop going to the library, and don’t bother to Win Column white supremacists and racists leading to call the Volunteer Fire Department if [their A reporter once asked A.J. Muste 1976: Vietnam Veterans Against the War march in Philadelphia violent demonstrations around the coun- houses] ever catch on fire because that if he thought standing in front of To fully communicate the terrible reality and continuing legacy of the American war in Vietnam, one must have the courage to admit that the United States rained incredible violence on the Vietnamese try where people have been injured and would be supporting democratic socialism the White House with a candle people for no defensible cause, as it sought to replace France as the dominant power in Southeast Asia. Ken Burns and Lynn Novick assert at the beginning of their documentary series that the war “was begun in good faith by decent people, out of fateful misunderstandings.” Even a cursory reading of the Pentagon died as a result. and leave out the “God forbid,” since Jesus at night would change the coun- Papers disclosed by Daniel Ellsberg demonstrates the falseness of this claim of American innocence. The series pays scant attention to the millions of civilian deaths in Southeast Asia, the devastation of the 2) Signed order to allow the dumping and the Apostles were socialists! try’s policies. Muste replied, land, and the enduring impact of Agent Orange contamination and of unexploded ordnance (10% of the 7 million tons of bombs dropped never exploded), all caused mainly by the American military. of coal waste into the rivers. Steve Romine “Oh I don’t do this to change Instead, Burns and Novick in military leaders—mainly focus on the harm visited upon U.S. soldiers who were ordered to fight in Vietnam. They reinvigorate Cold War myths that the Vietnamese anti-colonial struggle was carried on as 3) Praised a foreign leader (Durterte) Woodstock, NY the country. I do this so the an extension of Soviet/Chinese Communist expansion. Instead of being honored for its accomplishments, the profound U.S. antiwar movement is belittled The Vietnam War—while justifiably critical of American Presidents and for his policy of sanctioning the extraju- country won’t change me.” as self-interested and self-indulgent, with stress on its supposed deep antagonism toward American soldiers. The documentary does not put forth an honest moral critique of the war. Instead, the views of pro-war career professionals are put forward. Daniel Ellsberg is absent, while Martin Luther King’s dicial killings of over 20,000 suspected Peaceful Ways to End Today’s campaigners opposition is sanitized by omitting his powerful words: “The shirtless and barefoot people of the land are rising up as never before. The people who sat in darkness have seen a great light. We in the West drug dealers and users. for peace and justice must support these revolutions.” In this war-torn world, what is desperately needed and what Burns and Novick fail to convey is an War Crimes honest rendering of that war to help the American people avoid yet more catastrophic wars. The Emmy 4) Overseen psychological torture of know how Muste felt, Award is a powerful recognition of truth in art. Crowned with an Emmy, this defective history of the Vietnam era will become required viewing for generations of young Americans—a seductive, but false, 3,000 children by forcefully separating them Some people are critical of the lack of rarely seeing any in- interpretation of events. from their parents, holding them in animal international protest “as Syria, Russia and dication of success cages, and then deporting their parents with- Iran are allowed to act with impunity … in and rarer still, any sign that out their children when all they were doing their assault against Idlib.” In reality there their personal efforts made a dif- was seeking asylum fleeing violence. has been very widespread international ference. We press on, looking for ways 5) Undermined international coop- condemnation of Russia, Syria, and Iran to break through, but with Muste’s words eration on climate change claiming it is for their military actions in Syria, some of in mind. astrophic a “Chinese Hoax” as temperatures soar it justified. From an international law point But then along comes an unforeseen casualties suf- around the world breaking records, peo- of view, Russia and Iran are not in direct opening from a most unlikely place, TV’s fered by the Viet- ple are dying, and the West Coast of the breach of the U.N. charter by providing annual Emmy Awards. namese, Cambodian, and Thai people; United States and Canada is on fire. military support to U.N. member Syria, but Dave Clennon, an LA-based actor and characterized the U.S. peace movement 6) Appointed Scott Pruitt, who was in some cases breaches of international and long-time antiwar activist, anticipated as self-absorbed and anti-GI; and skipped forced to resign but not before he gutted humanitarian laws have been committed by that Ken Burns and Lynn Novick might be over the movement by active-duty GIs to the EPA, which formerly cleaned up wa- these countries when civilians were reck- awarded a “Best Documentary” nomina- thwart the war effort at every turn, as por- terways and the air and protected the pub- lessly killed in air strikes, and human rights tion for their massive, 18-hour, The Viet- trayed in David Zeiger’s powerful docu- lic from corporate polluters.
Load more

Recommended publications
  • Didier Daeninckx and the Manouchian Resistance Group
    1 An Ever-Present Past: Didier Daeninckx and the Manouchian Resistance Group ‘Writing is always “against”! […] Personally, I am against authority and the disappearance of memory’ — Didier Daeninckx (1997: 68)1 November 1943. Following a series of highly visible attacks in Paris, committed by the Communist, ‘immigrant’ Resistance group of Missak Manouchian,2 the Brigades spéciales (special Brigades) of the French police finally pounce on the perpetrators, and arrest follows arrest. At the end of a very brief trial a few months later, twenty-three members of the combat unit, including Manouchian himself, are condemned to death. The twenty-two men are immediately shot at Mont Valérien, on 21 February 1944 (the one woman, Olga Bancic, is executed separately, beheaded in Stuttgart on 10 May). More or less simultaneously, the photos of ten of these freedom fighters are displayed on the infamous Affiches rouges (red posters), which are plastered over the walls of French towns and cities, and which denounce ‘l’Armée du crime’ (the Army of crime), most obviously composed of people with names of foreign, if not Jewish, origin. Shortly afterwards, the Liberation of France, for which these combatants willingly gave their lives, commenced. That is by no means the end of their story, however. Throughout the post-war period, the group regularly comes back into the headlines, forming, as Margaret Atack has noted, ‘an important focal point for remembrance and controversy’ (2013: 175).3 For example, in 1955, in honour of the group, and to mark the inauguration of a rue du Groupe Manouchian in Paris, Louis Aragon writes the poem which will first appear in L’Humanité on 5 March 1955, entitled ‘Groupe Manouchain’, and then in his collection, Le Roman inachevé, as ‘Strophes pour se souvenir’ (1956: 225-26).
    [Show full text]
  • The Snows of Kilimanjaroa Film by Robert Guédiguian
    AGAT FILMS & CIE PRESENT The Snows of KilimanjaroA FILM BY ROBERT GUÉDIGUIAN 1 AGAT FILMS & CIE PRESENT The Snows of KilimanjaroA FILM BY ROBERT GUÉDIGUIAN INSPIRED FROM THE POEM BY VICTOR HUGO HOW GOOD ARE THE POOR 1H47 - Dolby / DTS - 35mm /DCP - FormaT 1.85 INTERNAtioNAL PRESS: WORLD SALES: Rendez-vous FILMS DISTRIBUTION Viviana Andriani 34, rue du Louvre 25, Fbg Saint Honoré 75001 Paris 75008 Paris Tel: +33 1 53 10 33 99 Tel/Fax: +33 1 42 66 36 35 In Cannes: BOOTH E5/F8 (RIVIERA) In Cannes: +33 6 80 16 81 39 Tel: +33 4 92 99 32 09 [email protected] [email protected] www.rv-press.com www.filmsdistribution.com Photos and Press book to download: www.rv-Press.com “Our neighbor died last night; it must have been When you were gone. She left two little ones, So small, so frail—William and Madeline; The one just lisps, the other scarcely runs.” The man looked grave, and in the corner cast His old fur bonnet, wet with rain and sea, Muttered awhile, and scratched his head,—at last “We have five children, this makes seven,” said he. “Already in bad weather we must sleep Sometimes without our supper. Now! Ah, well— ‘Tis not my fault. These accidents are deep; It was the good God’s will. I cannot tell (…) Go fetch them, wife; they will be frightened sore, If with the dead alone they waken thus. That was the mother knocking at our door, And we must take the children home to us.
    [Show full text]
  • Id Title Year Format Cert 20802 Tenet 2020 DVD 12 20796 Bit 2019 DVD
    Id Title Year Format Cert 20802 Tenet 2020 DVD 12 20796 Bit 2019 DVD 15 20795 Those Who Wish Me Dead 2021 DVD 15 20794 The Father 2020 DVD 12 20793 A Quiet Place Part 2 2020 DVD 15 20792 Cruella 2021 DVD 12 20791 Luca 2021 DVD U 20790 Five Feet Apart 2019 DVD 12 20789 Sound of Metal 2019 BR 15 20788 Promising Young Woman 2020 DVD 15 20787 The Mountain Between Us 2017 DVD 12 20786 The Bleeder 2016 DVD 15 20785 The United States Vs Billie Holiday 2021 DVD 15 20784 Nomadland 2020 DVD 12 20783 Minari 2020 DVD 12 20782 Judas and the Black Messiah 2021 DVD 15 20781 Ammonite 2020 DVD 15 20780 Godzilla Vs Kong 2021 DVD 12 20779 Imperium 2016 DVD 15 20778 To Olivia 2021 DVD 12 20777 Zack Snyder's Justice League 2021 DVD 15 20776 Raya and the Last Dragon 2021 DVD PG 20775 Barb and Star Go to Vista Del Mar 2021 DVD 15 20774 Chaos Walking 2021 DVD 12 20773 Treacle Jr 2010 DVD 15 20772 The Swordsman 2020 DVD 15 20771 The New Mutants 2020 DVD 15 20770 Come Away 2020 DVD PG 20769 Willy's Wonderland 2021 DVD 15 20768 Stray 2020 DVD 18 20767 County Lines 2019 BR 15 20767 County Lines 2019 DVD 15 20766 Wonder Woman 1984 2020 DVD 12 20765 Blackwood 2014 DVD 15 20764 Synchronic 2019 DVD 15 20763 Soul 2020 DVD PG 20762 Pixie 2020 DVD 15 20761 Zeroville 2019 DVD 15 20760 Bill and Ted Face the Music 2020 DVD PG 20759 Possessor 2020 DVD 18 20758 The Wolf of Snow Hollow 2020 DVD 15 20757 Relic 2020 DVD 15 20756 Collective 2019 DVD 15 20755 Saint Maud 2019 DVD 15 20754 Hitman Redemption 2018 DVD 15 20753 The Aftermath 2019 DVD 15 20752 Rolling Thunder Revue 2019
    [Show full text]
  • Ariane's Thread Is Also MY Ariane’S Thread
    AGAT Films & Cie presents ARIANE’S THREAD A film by Robert Guédiguian with Ariane ASCARIDE Jacques BOUDET, Jean-Pierre DARROUSSIN, Anaïs DEMOUSTIER Youssouf DJAORO, Adrien JOLIVET, Gérard MEYLAN and Lola NAYMARK 92min – 1.85 – 5.1 – DCP International Sales FILMS DISTRIBUTION 34, rue du Louvre – 75001 Paris, France www.filmsdistribution.com Ph : 01.53.10.33.99 SYNOPSIS _____________________________________________________________________ Ariane, a middle-aged woman, is lonelier than ever in her pretty house. It's her birthday. The candles on the birthday cake are lit. But all of her loved ones have sent their apologies - they're not coming. So she takes her pretty car and leaves her pretty suburban neighborhood to get lost in the big sunny city of Marseille. CAST ____________________________________________________________________ Ariane ASCARIDE Jacques BOUDET Jean-Pierre DARROUSSIN Anaïs DEMOUSTIER Youssouf DJAORO Adrien JOLIVET Gérard MEYLAN Lola NAYMARK Judith MAGRE, doing the voice of the turtle INTERVIEW WITH ROBERT GUÉDIGUIAN _____________________________________________________________________ Where did you get the idea for Ariane’s Thread? I wanted to make a film just for the pleasure of making it, in a completely free style, like a theatrical “impromptu” or improvisation - a little, fast-paced poetic piece, that would be exhilarating and pure fun. I also had a strong desire to let go, to simply perform for the sake of it. The screenplay needed to be a “performance vessel” for the actors, the technicians and of course, for myself. With the exception of Le Promeneur du Champ-de-Mars [The Last Mitterand], in which she wasn’t cast, you have written 16 films for Ariane Ascaride.
    [Show full text]
  • Army of Crime
    PRESENTS ARMY OF CRIME A film by Robert Guédiguian Official Selection, Cannes International Film Festival 2009, 139 minutes, 1.85, 35mm Publicity Contact: Julia Pacetti JMP Verdant Communications (917) 584-7846 / [email protected] Press Materials: http://www.lorberfilms.com/press A Lorber Films Release from Kino Lorber, Inc. 333 West 39th Street, Suite 502 New York, NY 10018 (212) 629-6880 SYNOPSIS A taut, revealing thriller about the early days of the French Resistance, a time when so many of the movement’s leaders and foot soldiers were often foreigners — Poles, Jews, Armenians, Spaniards, Italians — who had to fear French collaborators as well as the Germans. Armenian poet Missak Manouchian (a stand-out performance by Simon Abkarian) and his French wife Mélinée (Virginie Ledoyen) lead a ragtag assortment of volunteers against the German occupiers and their French allies. Varying in their actual homelands and in their reasons for joining the struggle, the one thing that unites them is the understanding that the Nazis oppression will only increase unless it is squarely confronted. To that end, they hatch a plot to assassinate a general, and show that resistance is indeed possible, but their activity attracts the attention of the German high command, which decides to teach the French population a different kind of lesson. CREDITS Missak Manouchian………....... Simon Abkarian Mélinée Manouchian………….. Virginie Ledoyen Marcel Rayman……………….. Robinson Stévenin Thomas Elek…………………... Grégoire Leprince-Ringuet Monique Stern…………….......
    [Show full text]
  • AMADO-DISSERTATION-2020.Pdf
    Immigration, Space & Identity Transformation In Contemporary French War Film by Carlos Josué Amado Dissertation Submitted to the Faculty of the Graduate School of Vanderbilt University in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of DOCTOR OF PHILOSOPHY in French December 12, 2020 Nashville, Tennessee Approved: Lynn Ramey, Ph.D. Paul B. Miller, Ph.D. Andrea Mirabile, Ph.D. Daryl Lee, Ph.D. Acknowledgements This work would not have been possible without the assistance of different members of the faculty of the French Department at Vanderbilt. I am grateful to the members of my committee, whose guidance and contribution began years before the development of this project. I am thankful to Paul Miller and Andrea Mirabile for discussions and recommendations regarding the dissertation as the project evolved. Their contributions on the topics of colonialism and film theory and history were particularly helpful. I want to recognize Daryl Lee for his significant contribution to my French film knowledge and interest, from several courses on this topic at Brigham Young University to his detailed feedback on the dissertation. Finally, I am especially grateful to Lynn Ramey, whose work, support, and fortitude made this work possible. I cannot overstate the importance of her guidance, professionalism and friendship as I struggled to complete this project. I could have not worked with a greater mentor. The trips to the Cannes Film Festival, our talks on the different aspects of film and the treatment of minorities in France, and many other discussions will remain as some of the most important, rewarding, and enjoyable experiences of my academic and personal life.
    [Show full text]
  • W Ar , E X Ile, J U St Ice, an Dwar, Exile, Justice, and E
    7 EEveryday Life,1936-1945 WWar, Exile,Justice,and Millions of Europeans experienced war, occupation, and exile in the v a e turbulent years between the outbreak of the Spanish Civil War in 1936 r r and the end of World War II in 1946. Well-known landmark events , y E during this period include the bombing of Gernika; the mass exodus of d x a Basques, Catalans, and other Spanish Republicans from Spain following i y the triumph of General Francisco Franco’s forces; France’s sudden l e defeat in 1940, its subsequent occupation by Germany, and the rise of L , i J French resistance; the Allied invasion of France and the difficult process f u of liberation. Set within the broader historical context of these events, e , s the contributions to this volume focus on the experiences of ordinary t 1 i people who endured those difficult times. The people who are at the 9 c heart of this book include Basque priests who supported their homeland 3 e 6 , against the Francoist “crusade”; ordinary British, German, and Free - 1 French soldiers; Basque and Catalan refugees; the American newspaper- a 9 n reading public; foreign resisters to German occupation; Breton and 4 d French collaborationists and their accusers; German documentary 5 filmmakers; the dispossessed Jews of Paris; and French housewives who adjusted to a brave new postwar world. Throughout the book, the authors explore the themes of dispossession, disillusionment with the liberation, divisiveness in postwar society, and the permanence of exile even after the exile’s return.
    [Show full text]
  • The Army of Crime and Biopic Generic Conventions of Identity
    11 Representing the Unrepresentable The Army of Crime and Biopic Generic Conventions of Identity Hila Shachar – this page I write and the silent who couldn’t cannot whom silence and I cannot what nevertheless I nevertheless how can I write (Feldman 1994, p. 50) The French film, Army of Crime (L’Armée du Crime) is a 2009 drama that sits in both categorisations of a Holocaust and a Resistance biopic. Receiving wide release in France, the United States, and beyond, it focuses on the biographical telling and refashioning of the members of the French Resistance subgroup known as the Manouchian group, and the events which led to the creation of a fascist propaganda poster around them following their capture and execution. The film is cowritten and directed by Robert Guédiguian, who has mixed German and Armenian roots, and who is primarily known for his politically charged films that explore working‐class life (see Dawson 2009). As explained in an interview, his desire to adapt the biographies of the Manouchian group therefore stems A Companion to the Biopic, First Edition. Edited by Deborah Cartmell and Ashley D. Polasek. © 2020 John Wiley & Sons, Inc. Published 2020 by John Wiley & Sons, Inc. 192 Hila Shachar from his interest in the group’s diverse migrant, religious, and Marxist roots, in relation to his own left‐wing politics (Dawson). This will be detailed further, but it is necessary to begin with a wider ‘framing’ of this film under the heading of a Holocaust biopic. Irving Feldman’s poem about the Holocaust, with which I began this chapter, is ironically the most eloquent manner in which to begin discussing what the film, Army of Crime, enacts through its own cinematic representation and ‘un‐represen- tation’ within the biopic genre.
    [Show full text]
  • Sts. Vartanantz Church WEEKLY BULLETIN Sunday, February 23
    Sts. Vartanantz Church WEEKLY BULLETIN Archpriest Father Gomidas Baghsarian 402 Broadway, Providence, RI 02909 Office: 831-6399 Fax: 351-4418 Email: [email protected] Website: stsvartanantzchurch.org Sunday, February 23, 2014 Please Join Us in Worship this Sunday Մասնակցեցէք Ս.Պատարագին` Morning Service 9:30 am Առաւօտեան Ժամերգութիւն 9:30 Divine Liturgy 10:00 am - Sermon 11:15 Ս. Պատարագ 10:00 - Քարոզ 11:15 GOSPEL John 7: 37-52 Is Jesus the Christ? On the last and greatest day of the Feast, Jesus stood and said in a loud voice, “If anyone is thirsty, let him come to me and drink. Whoever believes in me, as the Scripture has said, streams of water will flow from within him.” By this he meant the Spirit, whom those who believed in him were later to receive. Up to that time the Spirit had not yet been given, Since Jesus had not yet been glorified. On hearing his words, some of the people said, “Surely this man is the Prophet.” Others said, “He is the Christ.” Still others asked, “How can Christ come from Galilee? Does not the Scripture say that the Christ will come from David’s family and from Bethlehem, the town where David lived?” Thus the people were divided because of Jesus. Some wanted to seize him, but no one laid a hand on him. Finally the temple guards went back to the chief priests and Pharisees, who asked them, “Why didn’t you bring him in?” “No one ever spoke the way this man does,” the guards declared.
    [Show full text]
  • Julia Buck ALL RIGHTS RESERVED
    © 2021 Julia Buck ALL RIGHTS RESERVED MAKING THE RESISTANCE FRENCH: BUREAUCRACY, MEMORY, AND SPACE IN POSTWAR MARSEILLE By JULIA A. BUCK A dissertation submitted to tHe School of Graduate Studies Rutgers, The State University of New Jersey In partial fulfillment of tHe requirements For the degree of Doctor of Philosophy Graduate Program in History Written under the direction of Judith Surkis And approved by ___________________________________ ___________________________________ ___________________________________ ___________________________________ New Brunswick, New Jersey May 2021 ABSTRACT OF THE DISSERTATION Making the Resistance FrencH: Bureaucracy, Memory, and Space in Postwar Marseille by Julia A. Buck Dissertation Director: Judith Surkis This dissertation examines postwar state recognition of resistance during the Second World War in France from below and tHe margins. It focuses on the postwar commemorative politics regarding tHe resistance and liberation of tHe Mediterranean port city of Marseille, a place with a long history of challenging FrencH universalist claims. To understand how state power and national belonging was instantiated locally, I analyze the bureaucracy that arose in postwar France from laws establisHing an official definition of resistance as well as a formal process for applicants to prove past involvement in wartime underground movements tHat left virtually no records of membership. One such category was the combattant volontaire de la Résistance (CVR). The resulting bureaucratic encounters also played an important, if ambivalent, role in tHe consolidation of state power during tHe Cold War and decolonization, as a means of bringing local commemorative cultures in line witH dominant FrencH narratives and coopting potentially threatening political actors. However, instead of putting commemorative conflict to rest, tHe state opened up a new battlefield regarding tHe memory of anti-Nazi resistance both within and in rejection of the applications for official recognition.
    [Show full text]