Examples from Hwang Yu-Ning

URBAN OUR MISSION REDEVELOPMENT AUTHORITY To make Singapore a great city to live, work and play in 1 Outline . Context of planning in Singapore . Public Housing programme . one north . [if there’s time] , , Marina Bay, Southern Ridges . Lee Kuan Yew World City Prize

2 South Korea

China

India

Vietnam Philippines

2 SINGAPORE 710 km Indonesia 5 million population Singapore Has Limited Land

• One of the most densely populated cities in the world

• Smaller than other cities Land Area: 710 km2 • No hinterland, unlike other cities Population: 5 mil

City centre

4 Competing Land Needs

Housing Port Airport

Commerce Parks

Industry Water treatment & storage5 Constraints on our Developments

Port Airport

Power Station Water treatment plant Industry

6 Safeguard Sufficient Land for Good Quality of Life

7 Sustainable Development in Singapore

Economic growth Culture and Heritage Cohesive Community

Pro-Business Environmental Environment Responsibility Key Objective Balancing economic growth and development to achieve Sustained Economic Growth – Resource Efficiency and Security & High Quality Living Environment – Clean, Green, Healthy, Pleasant Environment Overview

Resource Pollution Transport Greening/ Management Control Management Biodiversity

Land Use Planning Resource Management: Water

ENSURING A DIVERSIFIED, ADEQUATE AND SUSTAINABLE SUPPLY OF WATER Four National Taps CLOSING THE WATER LOOP From sourcing, collection, purification and supply of drinking water, to treatment of used water and turning it into NEWater, drainage of storm water

Rain Sea NEWater

Direct Non- Potable Use The Deep Tunnel Sewerage System a wastewater conveyance, treatment and disposal system will replace the existing sewage treatment works and 139 pumping stations located at various parts of Singapore

Deep Tunnel Sewerage System

CHANGI WRP Resource Management: Waste Waste Management System All waste: 54% recycled, 43% incinerated, 3% landfill Semakau – Not just an offshore landfill.. …but an ecologically vibrant one 50s & 60s: Housing shortage, inadequate Infrastructure Extreme • No investment for 100 yrs Deterioration • Many on brink of collapse • 25% of population lived on 1% of land • Severe Overcrowding

124 people in one shophouse Planning in Response to Needs

Jurong Industrial Estate

19 1960s & 70s

20 Provision of homes and basic infrastructure and facilities Concept Plan : Long-term, Holistic and Integrated Planning 1971 1991 2001

Ensuring our long-term needs are met 23 Planning in Partnership

Housing and Land Transport Public Development Board Authority Utilities HOUSING DEVELOPMENT BOARD Board

Singapore Land Town Authority Corporation

National Urban Singapore Environment Redevelopment Tourism Agency Authority Board

National Preservation Parks of Monuments Board Board

Building & Construction Singapore Civil Aviation Authority Authority Sports Council of Singapore Master Plan : Safeguards Land for Various Uses for the Short To Medium Term Master Plan 2008

25 PUBLIC HOUSING IN SINGAPORE Singapore in the ‘60s Home ownership for the People Programme (1964)

• Massive building programme

• Nation of owners, not tenants – Ownership builds nationhood – Provides stake in country’s economic progress – Gives people something to cherish and defend circa Late 1960s 21 C12 1963 22 C14 Public Housing in Singapore In early years

 Rapid population growth, severe housing shortage 1947 – 1959 : • Population grew from 938,000 to approx 1.6 million • Only 40,000 housing units built • 1 housing unit for every 16 persons

 Initially, HDB built basic but highly functional housing • Self-contained units with electricity and piped water

By 1969, HDB marked completion of 100,000 housing units

Copyright © 2011 Housing & Development Board Public Housing in Singapore Today’s context Singapore Population • Total population : 5.08 million • Resident population : 3.77 million Public Housing • About 900,000 HDB flats under management • About 82% of Singapore resident population live in public housing • Over 90 % of households living in home ownership flats.

* Information as of 2010 Copyright © 2011 Housing & Development Board Life-cycle needs and aspirations

Help newlyweds buy first flat

Maintain & build up flat value

Help retirees monetise their flats For the young couple

• Buy a subsidised new HDB flat

• Get a grant of $30,000 - $40,000 to buy resale flat

• Obtain subsidised loan from HDB

• Debt servicing ratio of first-time flat buyer = 20%

For the aspiring family

• Choice of larger flats • Executive condominiums and DBSS flats • Second concessionary housing loan for upgrading

The Premiere@

Artist’s impression only For the maturing estate • Various upgrading & renewal programmes • Neighbourhood renewal • Lift upgrading • Flat upgrading • Full redevelopment • Allow older estates to be on par with new estates • Encourage younger families to move in redevelopment Family and social cohesion

• Additional grant for staying with or near parents

• Multi-generational precinct facilities

• Mix of flats within every estate

• Ethnic Integration Programme – Quota system to ensure good mix of races Rental Flats • Not all can afford home ownership – Government’s role: ensure roof over their heads

• For poor and needy we build heavily- subsidised rental flats – S$30 per month

• About 5% of HDB’s stock (40,000) 23 Towns Developed Through The Decades

SEMBAWANG

WOODLANDS

YISHUN

PUNGGOL

SENGKANG CHOA CHU KANG VILLAGE

HOUGANG BISHAN CHANGI TAMPINES AIRPORT ESTATE TOA PAYOH JURONG EAST FARRER ROAD WHAMPOA CLEMENTI ESTATE

MARINE PARADE ESTATE

CENTRAL QUEENSTOWN AREA

BUKIT MERAH

LRT LINES AND STATIONS

Copyright © 2011 Housing & Development Board Total living environment

 New towns planned with greenery, amenities and facilities  Urban design - streetscapes, pedestrian linkages Public Housing

1960s

2000s

• Cornerstone of Singapore’s successful public housing programme is our Home 1980s Ownership policy, introduced in 1964. Remaking Singapore HDB Heartlands  Rejuvenation and Regeneration of old, middle- aged and newer HDB towns Public Housing – self contained and built on sustainable principles Commercial Centres A structure of commercial centres fanning out from the Central Area, to bring jobs closer to homes

Tampines

Novena

One-north CENTRAL AREA

REGIONAL CENTRES

SUB-REGIONAL CENTRES

FRINGE CENTRES

1970s: started building science parks

After close to 3 decades of experimenting with the mono-use work-zoned environments of science parks and business parks, Singapore has come to realize that the these mono-use typology of developing innovation clusters has yielded limited result like many of the 20th century technopole initiatives around the world

1999: Initiated ‘one-north’ as strategic national development to catalyze thrust to becoming leading hub of technopreneurial innovation one-north The Vision

vision statement Work Live Play Learn “an exceptional vibrant place of activities, culture and the arts place visionaries drawing upon the environment and on each other of vision conducive environment for the knowledge talents and inspiration” one-north Satellite Image

Buona Vista MRT Station Vista Xchange MOE HQ

Fusionpolis Biopolis

INSEAD AYE

Wessex Estate

NUH

Science Park 1 Four key planning strategies drive the formulation of the master plan: .dynamic Fine Grained Mixed Use .seamless Connectivity .constant Rejuvenation, and .unique Identity one-north Centres of Excellence

• Vista Corporate and Biz Support Transport

• Biopolis Biomedical sciences

• Fusionpolis Infocomm + media

• Future Future centres of excellence

Seeded with Public Research Institutions and constellation of private start- ups or companies. Eventually evolves into a dynamic business ecosystem for the respective industry Challenging many aspects of prevailing planning typology of developing innovation cluster

Redefined relationships between technology clusters and urban life PLANNING STRATEGIES . Industry research hubs are placed far enough apart to allow for room to grow, yet close enough to encourage synergy effects. . Emphasis for urban activity at street level . Draw people through the site in order to increase the chances of personal interactions Constant Rejuvenation Strategy aims to enable continuous process of rejuvenation and renewal Done through 2 approaches: Non-contiguous growth: approach to allow for space in between to allow for growth, organic evolution. In the immediate term, the space-inbetween could be used interim public or activity generating program such as mobile labs or pocket parks.

Flexible land use or White Zoning is introduced to all land parcels in one-north alongside broad planning controls which serve as a critical regulatory reference for any subsequent adjustment due to market changes.

Variety of shared spaces Re-using clusters of old buildings Preferential housing for workers in one north F&B Corporate University Boutique offices THE TRANSFORMATION OF SINGAPORE RIVER SINGAPORE RIVER

• Historically, sea port centre for shipping & trading activities • Merchant offices & godowns along sheltered banks WORKING RIVER

• Business proliferated • By 1860’s, ¾ all shipping business undertaken along River Singapore River Before

Vegetable Street Wholesalers Hawkers

Rubbish Dump Boat Yards Pollution Control: Water Singapore River Clean Up (1977-1987) CO-ORDINATED APPROACH

River wall repair & reconstruction works

• Co-ordinated, multi-agency clean-up programme • Boats relocated, river dredged, walls reconstructed & strengthened CONCEPT PLAN

• Concept Plan drawn up in 1985 - new identity & character • Retain old buildings of architectural merit & historical importance • Guide new buildings to be compatible in scale • Introduce river-orientated activities • Enhance overall character as National asset

• Eclectic mix of shophouses • Al-fresco dining

• Popular entertainment, shopping & eating destination, festival markets

The Quayside

• Quality riverside housing & hotels Singapore River Today • thriving focal point • 3500 hotel rooms • 3100 new condominium units • 406,000sqm of office and shop space Still vibrant, with pubs and restaurants on the former quay areas Boat Quay 2004 / Source: The Straits Times / The New Paper © Singapore Press Holdings Ltd. Permission required for reproduction No more coolies, but have some bronze statues to tell the next generation about life in the past BoatNo Quaymore 2004 coolies, / Source: Thebut Straits have Times some / The Newbronze Paper ©statues Singapore to Press tell Holdings the next Ltd. Permission generation required about for reproducti life onin the past Boat Quay 2009 / Source: URA Singapore River Festival TANJONG RHU

From Shipyard to Vibrant Waterfront Community LOCATION

Master Plan 98

ECP

Tanjong Rhu

• Former polluted industrial & shipyard waterfront • 36 ha - fronting main waterbody & expressway INDUSTRIAL USES PRIVATE LAND • Occupied by 11 industrial STATE LAND users up to late 1980’s –

PUB LAND most on private land • 5 shipyards + engineering workshops & warehouses

Leong Seng Kwong Soon Guan Bee

Waterfront Khong Properties Guan

Hong Singapore Leong Slipway Tan Chin Tuan Waterfront Properties Vosper

Kwong Soon PLANNING AHEAD

• Clean-up programme for waterways in 1970’s MASTER PLAN • 1988 - Draft Master Plan & Urban Design Guidelines drawn up • Transform area into high- quality waterfront residential enclave with tropical flavour PHASING OUT INCOMPATIBLE USES

• Existing industries identified to be phased out, separately owned • Irregular shoreline did not allow for optimal parcellation & redevelopment PHASING OUT INCOMPATIBLE USES

• 2 – Pronged Approach:

– Land leased from State • Tenants informed of revocation of leases; or • Unexpired leases compensated or resettled

– Private land • Owners informed of redevelopment plans • Encouraged to redevelop based on Master Plan • Time period set to relocate current operations INCENTIVISED REDEVELOPMENT

• Parcels capable of PRIVATE LAND

independent development STATE LAND allowed to redevelop within PUB LAND specified period RECLAIMED LAND • Conform to Master Plan

Parcels to be redeveloped independently REPARCELLATION

• Boundaries adjusted with PRIVATE LAND SURRENDERED FOR ROADS adjacent State land to form PRIVATE LAND ALIENATED meaningful redevelopment TO THE STATE STATE LAND ALIENATED sites TO PRIVATE OWNERS CO-ORDINATED APPROACH

• Co-ordinated implementation across agencies • Infrastructure & services, kick-start development CO-ORDINATED APPROACH Before After

• 5.6 ha reclaimed - straighten shoreline & improve water flow • New pedestrian promenade & pedestrian bridge Pebble Bay Casuarina Cove

• 4 private sites redeveloped • 5 sale sites • 3,320 DUs completed or under construction

Costa Rhu Parkshore

TANJONG RHU TODAY Marina Bay – Seamless Growth of Our City

Reclaimed more than 30 years ago Marina Bay – Seamless Growth of Our City

Realising our vision through planning, urban design, land sales and events programming

Marina Centre – Convention/Hotel Hub Bayfront today Central Business District Flexibility for Mixed-Uses

residential

commercial

URBAN REDEVELOPMENT AUTHORITY hotel Flexible Parcellation to Meet Market Needs

• In-built flexibility to meet changing business & market needs

• Regular parcels for easy amalgamation or sub-division

• Accommodates buildings with large floorplates Marina Bay – Sustainable Transport

Gardens at Marina Centre Civic Gardens at District Esplanade Singapore Marina Theatres Flyer Bay Golf Course Marina Raffles Bay MBSIR Place Gardens at Marina ORQ Marina The Sail South Barrage Marina MBFC View

Tanjong Pagar

Marina Underground Pedestrian Network South Pier Completed / Under International Construction Study CyclingCruise Routes Terminal Future Network 3.5 km long Waterfront Promenade Necklace of Attractions

New Bridge at * Marina Bay * * MARINA BAY * * * *

Public Attraction * New Bridge Waterfront Promenade Event Spaces Energy Efficiency City-in-a-Garden –

“Supertrees” Cooled Conservatories Aquatic Gardens

Garden at Marina Centre Garden at

Garden at Marina East (2007) Landscaping for Urban Spaces and High-Rises (LUSH) Green Buildings in Marina Bay

Minimum Green Mark Requirements for all new developments • Green Mark Platinum • Green Mark Goldplus Committed to Develop a High-Quality Financial District • Heavy investment in City Hall Promenade infrastructure, including:

• Rapid Transit System (RTS)

Raffles Place • 3.5km long Bayfront Waterfront E-W line DTE Promenade Landmark line N-S line • New Bridge Marina Bay

• Common Services Tunnel (CST) Vibrant City Waterfront – Water Activities Master Plan Vibrant City Waterfront F1 Night Race – Singapore Grand Prix Marina Bay Events Marina Bay Events Marina Bay Events Building Networks: Linking the Southern Ridges

Clementi Woods Walk 9km from ridge to ridge . Expand park areas

Kent Ridge . Connect the ridges Park . Link to nearby To West Coast Park parks & foothills

Telok Blangah Hill Park

Mt Faber

Labrador Park To Southern Ridges

From Harbourfront MRT Station

Henderson Waves Faber Walk Marang Trail

Today, the Southern Ridges is more than a recreational venue

Family Outing …

Personal training … Catching up with friends … relaxing … studying under the night sky …

bonding … Great for Photographic Shots …

To commemorate personal events

2010 ULI Global Award

About the Prize

A biennial international award to recognise individuals and organisations that have made outstanding contributions to the creation of vibrant, liveable and sustainable urban communities around the world.

It seeks to recognise individuals and organisations responsible for urban initiatives that display foresight, good governance or innovation in tackling the many urban challenges faced by cities.

Co-organisers: Prize Sponsor: The 4 Key Pillars

(a) Liveability

(b) Vibrancy

(c) Sustainability

(d) Quality of Life Inaugural Prize Laureate Bilbao City Hall was awarded in recognition of its integrated and holistic approach in urban transformation. (Prize presented at the Lee Kuan Yew Prize Award Ceremony and Banquet on 29 Jun 10) Award Value Prize Laureate will be presented with:

- Award Certificate

- Gold Medallion

- S$300,000 cash Nominations are now extended to 31 May 2011 Our Partners For more information, please visit: www.leekuanyewworldcityprize.com.sg

Thank You