DOCSLIB.ORG

DESK REVIEW LIBERIA HEALTH and WASH SECTOR September 2017

Total Page：16

File Type：pdf, Size：1020Kb

Download full-text PDF Read full-text
DESK REVIEW LIBERIA HEALTH and WASH SECTOR September 2017 SOCIAL IMPACT LIBERIA, 2017 DESK REVIEW LIBERIA HEALTH AND WASH SECTOR September 2017 This publication was produced for review by the United States Agency for International Development / Liberia. It was prepared independently by Social Impact, Inc. DISCLAIMER: The author’s views expressed in this publication do not necessarily reflect the views of the United States Agency for International Development or the United States Government. CONTENTS I. Executive summary ........................................................................................................................................................ 5 Methods .......................................................................................................................................................................... 5 Key Findings ................................................................................................................................................................... 5 Recommendations ........................................................................................................................................................ 7 II. Introduction .................................................................................................................................................................. 11 Background ................................................................................................................................................................... 11 Objective of this Study .............................................................................................................................................. 11 III. Desk Review Approach ............................................................................................................................................ 11 Research Questions ................................................................................................................................................... 11 Methodology ................................................................................................................................................................ 12 IV. Desk Review Findings ............................................................................................................................................... 13 Question 1: What does existing information identify as major priority areas of intervention in Liberia’s Health and WASH Sectors? ..................................................................................................................................... 13 WASH ...................................................................................................................................................................... 13 Maternal and Child Health (and nutrition) ...................................................................................................... 14 Family Planning ....................................................................................................................................................... 15 Infectious Diseases ................................................................................................................................................ 16 Non-Communicable Diseases ............................................................................................................................ 18 Mental Health ......................................................................................................................................................... 19 Animal and Veterinary Health ............................................................................................................................ 19 Health Systems Strengthening ............................................................................................................................ 20 Question 2: What do relevant Government institutions identify as their priorities and has there been any progress in accomplishing their goals in the Health & WASH Sectors? ................................................ 21 WASH ...................................................................................................................................................................... 22 Maternal and Child Health (and nutrition) ...................................................................................................... 24 Family Planning ....................................................................................................................................................... 25 Infectious Disease .................................................................................................................................................. 26 Non-Communicable Diseases ............................................................................................................................ 27 Mental Health ......................................................................................................................................................... 27 Animal and Veterinary Health ............................................................................................................................ 28 Health Systems Strengthening ............................................................................................................................ 29 Question 3: Where are the gaps in the Health & WASH sectors and what are key opportunities for USAID investment? .................................................................................................................................................... 31 WASH ...................................................................................................................................................................... 31 1 Maternal and Child Health (and nutrition) ...................................................................................................... 32 Family Planning ...................................................................................................................................................... 33 Infectious Disease .................................................................................................................................................. 33 Non-Communicable Diseases ............................................................................................................................ 34 Mental Health ......................................................................................................................................................... 35 Animal and Veterinary Health ............................................................................................................................ 35 Health Systems Strengthening ............................................................................................................................ 36 V. Recommendations ...................................................................................................................................................... 37 Annex I – Statement of Work ...................................................................................................................................... 40 Annex II – Table of Existing Assessments, Reports and Surveys Post-2014 ..................................................... 42 Annex I1I – Annotated Bibliography ........................................................................................................................... 44 General Health ....................................................................................................................................................... 44 WASH ...................................................................................................................................................................... 44 Maternal and Child Health ................................................................................................................................... 46 Family Planning ....................................................................................................................................................... 47 Infectious Disease .................................................................................................................................................. 48 Noncommunicable Disease ................................................................................................................................. 49 Mental Health ......................................................................................................................................................... 50 Animal and Veterinary Health ............................................................................................................................ 51 Health System Strengthening .............................................................................................................................. 51 2 ACRONYMS Acronym Explanation ALMA African Leaders Malaria Alliance ACTs Artemisinin-based Combination Therapy ANC Ante Natal Check-up ARI Acute Respiratory Infection CDC Center for Disease Control CSW Commercial Sex Workers CHAI Clinton HIV/AIDS Initiative CHC Community Health Centers C-HMIS Community Health Management Information System CHDC Community Health Development Committee CHSD Community Health Services Department, Ministry of Health
Load more

Recommended publications
  • Culture and Mental Health in Liberia: a Primer 2017
    WHO/MSD/MER/17.3 Culture and Mental Health in Liberia: A Primer 2017 Culture and Mental Health in Liberia: A Primer WHO/MSD/MER/17.3 © World Health Organization 2017 Some rights reserved. This work is available under the CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 IGO licence. Publications of the World Health Organization are available on the WHO website (www.who.int) or can be purchased from WHO Press, World Health Organization, 20 Avenue Appia, 1211 Geneva 27, Switzerland (tel.: +41 22 791 3264; fax: +41 22 791 4857; e-mail: [email protected]). Requests for permission to reproduce or translate WHO publications – whether for sale or for non-commercial distribution – should be addressed to WHO Press through the WHO website (www.who.int/about/licensing/copyright_form/en/index.html). The designations employed and the presentation of the material in this publication do not imply the expression of any opinion whatsoever on the part of the World Health Organization concerning the legal status of any country, territory, city or area or of its authorities, or concerning the delimitation of its frontiers or boundaries. The mention of specific companies or of certain manufacturers’ products does not imply that they are endorsed or recommended by the World Health Organization in preference to others of a similar nature that are not mentioned. Errors and omissions excepted, the names of proprietary products are distinguished by initial capital letters. All reasonable precautions have been taken by the World Health Organization to verify the information contained in this publication. However, the published material is being distributed without warranty of any kind, either expressed or implied.
    [Show full text]
  • Risk Factors Associated with the Contraction of Ebola Virus Disease in Liberia Beyan Yancy Sana Walden University
    Walden University ScholarWorks Walden Dissertations and Doctoral Studies Walden Dissertations and Doctoral Studies Collection 2019 Risk Factors Associated with the Contraction of Ebola Virus Disease in Liberia Beyan Yancy Sana Walden University Follow this and additional works at: https://scholarworks.waldenu.edu/dissertations Part of the Medicine and Health Sciences Commons This Dissertation is brought to you for free and open access by the Walden Dissertations and Doctoral Studies Collection at ScholarWorks. It has been accepted for inclusion in Walden Dissertations and Doctoral Studies by an authorized administrator of ScholarWorks. For more information, please contact [email protected]. Walden University College of Health Sciences This is to certify that the doctoral study by Beyan Y. Sana has been found to be complete and satisfactory in all respects, and that any and all revisions required by the review committee have been made. Review Committee Dr. Srikanta Banerjee, Committee Chairperson, Public Health Faculty Dr. Jirina Foltysova, Committee Member, Public Health Faculty Dr. German Gonzalez, University Reviewer, Public Health Faculty Chief Academic Officer Eric Riedel, Ph.D. Walden University 2019 Abstract Risk Factors Associated with the Contraction of Ebola Virus Disease in Liberia by Beyan Y. Sana MPH, Walden University, 2016 BS, University of Maryland School of Medicine, 2008 BS, University of Liberia, 2001 Doctoral Study Proposal Submitted in Partial Fulfillment of the Requirements for the Degree of Doctor of Public Health Walden University May 2019 Abstract Ebola virus disease (EVD) is a highly transmittable disease with high mortality rate. The purpose of this study was to examine risk factors associated with the contraction of EVD in Liberia.
    [Show full text]
  • Establishing National Multisectoral Coordination and Collaboration
    Agbo et al. One Health Outlook (2019) 1:4 One Health Outlook https://doi.org/10.1186/s42522-019-0004-z RESEARCH Open Access Establishing National Multisectoral Coordination and collaboration mechanisms to prevent, detect, and respond to public health threats in Guinea, Liberia, and Sierra Leone 2016–2018 Serge Agbo1, Lionel Gbaguidi1, Chethana Biliyar1, Seydou Sylla2, Mukeh Fahnbulleh3, John Dogba4, Sakoba Keita5, Sarian Kamara6, Amara Jambai6, Albert Harris4, Tolbert Nyenswah7, Mane Seni8, Sow Bhoye9, Sambe Duale10 and Andrew Kitua11* Abstract Background: The governments of Guinea, Liberia, and Sierra Leone have acknowledged that weak health systems and poor coordination of efforts hampered effectiveness of the 2014–2016 Ebola outbreak response. The bitter experience of the Ebola outbreak response served as an important catalyst for increased efforts to comply with World Health Organization (WHO) International Health Regulations (IHR 2005), Performance of Veterinary Services (PVS) Pathway capacities, and Global Health Security Agenda (GHSA) goals. In November 2016, an interministerial meeting held in Dakar, Senegal, resulted in formalized commitments from the three nations to strengthen resilience to health threats by establishing a Regional Strategic Roadmap to institutionalize the One Health approach. Since then, each country has made significant progress towards establishing National One Health Platforms to coordinate health security interventions, in collaboration with international partners. This paper outlines the methodology and
    [Show full text]
  • The Road to Recovery: Rebuilding Liberia's Health System
    a report of the csis global health policy center The Road to Recovery rebuilding liberia’s health system 1800 K Street, NW | Washington, DC 20006 Author Tel: (202) 887-0200 | Fax: (202) 775-3199 Richard Downie E-mail: [email protected] | Web: www.csis.org August 2012 CHARTING our future a report of the csis global health policy center The Road to Recovery rebuilding liberia’s health system Author Richard Downie August 2012 CHARTING our future About CSIS—50th Anniversary Year For 50 years, the Center for Strategic and International Studies (CSIS) has developed practical solutions to the world’s greatest challenges. As we celebrate this milestone, CSIS scholars continue to provide strategic insights and bipartisan policy solutions to help decisionmakers chart a course toward a better world. CSIS is a bipartisan, nonprofit organization headquartered in Washington, D.C. The Center’s 220 full-time staff and large network of affiliated scholars conduct research and analysis and de- velop policy initiatives that look into the future and anticipate change. Since 1962, CSIS has been dedicated to finding ways to sustain American prominence and prosperity as a force for good in the world. After 50 years, CSIS has become one of the world’s pre- eminent international policy institutions focused on defense and security; regional stability; and transnational challenges ranging from energy and climate to global development and economic integration. Former U.S. senator Sam Nunn has chaired the CSIS Board of Trustees since 1999. John J. Hamre became the Center’s president and chief executive officer in 2000. CSIS was founded by David M.
    [Show full text]
  • COVID-19 Promising Practice Liberia
    ENSURING ACCESS TO ROUTINE AND ESSENTIAL SERVICES DURING COVID-19 THROUGH COMMUNITY- BASED SERVICES IN LIBERIA C O V I D - 1 9 P R O M I S I N G P R A C T I C E S E X E C U T I V E S U M M A R Y LIBERIA PHC AT A GLANCE Liberia is a low-income country in the process of strengthening their health system through the establishment of essential and routine services in the community through its National Community Health Assistant Program. P o p u l a t i o n : 4 . 8 2 M In 2014, the country suffered from an Ebola G D P / C a p i t a : $ 6 7 7 . 3 2 ( c u r r e n t U S D ) H u m a n D e v e l o p m e n t I n d e x : 0 . 4 7 outbreak which led to 25,515 cases and 10,572 L i f e E x p e c t a n c y a t B i r t h : 6 3 . 7 Y e a r s deaths. This outbreak disrupted essential health services, and weakened the health system’s overall Liberia’s health system has been in the process of capacity recovery from past civil conflict that lasted a few decades and ended in 2003, at which point only 30 The first local case of COVID-19 in Liberia was physicians remained in Liberia and 83% of the public confirmed in March 2020, and led to the activation health facilities were non-functional.
    [Show full text]
  • Mental Health in Liberia
    Mental Health in Liberia he psychological impact of more than a decade of civil conflict, which ended Tin 2003, has contributed to a mental health crisis in Liberia that has been intensified by misconceptions, stigma, and the resulting discrimination surrounding mental illnesses. Since 2010, building on nearly two decades of fostering peace and democracy in Liberia, the Carter Center’s Mental Health Program has worked to help create a sustainable mental health system in the country. The initiative has focused on training a mental health workforce, supporting the passage of a national mental health law, assisting Liberia’s Ministry of Health in implementing the national mental health policy and plan, reducing stigma, and empowering family caregivers. Previously, this nation of 4.6 million had one psychiatrist and a handful of mental health nurses to meet the needs of at least 300,000 A group of Liberian health professionals celebrate their graduation from an intensive six-month training program Liberians suffering from mental illnesses. that accredits them as mental health clinicians. More than 200 graduates are now working in primary care clinics Now it has three psychiatrists, more than and hospitals across Liberia. 200 Carter Center–trained mental health clinicians working throughout the country, and an active mental health consumer movement. training health and social workers in the Through the Margibi and Montserrado county World Health Organization’s Mental Health health teams, over 10,000 individuals have Gap Action Program, family psychoeducation, received mental health and psychosocial Developing Resilience and psychological first aid; providing mental services in more than 45 facilities.
    [Show full text]
  • Republic of Liberia Investment Case for Reproductive, Maternal, New-Born
    REPUBLIC OF LIBERIA INVESTMENT CASE FOR REPRODUCTIVE, MATERNAL, NEW-BORN, CHILD, AND ADOLESCENT HEALTH 2016–2020 Table of Contents Table of Contents ........................................................................................................................................... 2 ACRONYMS ................................................................................................................................................... 5 Foreword ........................................................................................................................................................ 7 PREFACE ...................................................................................................................................................... 8 ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS ............................................................................................................................. 10 EXECUTIVE SUMMARY .............................................................................................................................. 11 CHAPTER I: COUNTRY CONTEXT AND SITUATION ANALYSIS............................................................... 16 1.1 Country Context .................................................................................................................................. 16 Maternal Health .................................................................................................................................... 17 New-Born Health.................................................................................................................................
    [Show full text]
  • Documenting the Impact of Conflict on Women in Liberia
    DOCUMENTING THE IMPACT OF CONFLICT ON WOMEN IN LIBERIA Presentation of Survey Findings to the Truth and Reconciliation Commission of Liberia July 14, 2008, Centennial Pavilion, Monrovia, Liberia Special Presentation by Women’s Rights International and Voices In Empowering Women in Liberia Documenting the Impact of Conflict on Women in Liberia: Presentation of Survey Findings to the Truth and Reconciliation Commission of Liberia is the result of a collaboration between Women’s Rights International (USA), and Voices In Empowering Women (Liberia). Project Team: Gladys Aryee, RN, RNM; Grace Boiwu, AASW, CM; Mary S. Kamara, CM, RN; Ruth Jappah, LLB, LLM; Peggy Jennings, PhD; Rosana D. Schaack, BSN, RN; Shana Swiss, MD; Rojatu Turay-Kanneh, RN Rosana Schaack, R.N. Voices In Empowering Women % THINK P.O. Box 5806 Monrovia, Liberia Tel: 06513338; 06558492 [email protected] Shana Swiss, M.D. Women’s Rights International P.O. Box 4275 Albuquerque, NM 87196 USA Tel: (505) 268-1540 [email protected] www.womens-rights.org Copyright 2008 by Women’s Rights International of the Tides Center, Albuquerque, NM, USA. This report was written to bring awareness and advance women’s human rights in conflict situations. It may be quoted from and copied as long as Women’s Rights International and Voices In Empowering Women are acknowledged. Voices In Empowering Women and Women’s Rights International gratefully acknowledge financial support for this presentation from CORDAID in the Netherlands, the New Field Foundation in the USA, and the Urgent Action
    [Show full text]
  • Liberia 2040: a Development Roadmap ______
    LIBERIA 2040: A DEVELOPMENT ROADMAP ________________________________________________________________________ Task Force Report Fall 2017 Authored By: Estephanie Aquino Julia Decerega Allyssa Dobkins Else Drooff James Fair Oscar Guerra Connie Lee Ray Lu Anthony Marquez Savannah Moss Hannah Pruitt Garrison Roe PBPL 85: Topics in Global Policy Leadership Professor Charles Wheelan Rockefeller Center for Public Policy Dartmouth College Contact: Nelson A. Rockefeller Center, 6082 Rockefeller Hall, Dartmouth College, Hanover, NH 03755 http://rockefeller.dartmouth.edu/shop/ • Email: [email protected] TABLE OF CONTENTS EXECUTIVE SUMMARY 1 METHODS 1 HISTORY 2 ECONOMY 3 GOVERNANCE 3 INFRASTRUCTURE 4 EDUCATION 4 HEALTH 5 CONCLUSION 6 INTRODUCTION 7 DEVELOPMENT ROADMAP 8 THEME 1: BOLSTER HUMAN CAPITAL CAPACITY 8 THEME 2: DEVELOP ROAD NETWORK 9 THEME 3: INCREASE ACCESS TO ELECTRICITY 9 THEME 4: EXPAND DOMESTIC PRODUCTION 10 THEME 5: REDUCE CORRUPTION AND REFORM GOVERNMENT PRACTICES 11 HISTORY 11 LIBERIA’S FOUNDING STORY 11 A SEPARATIST STATE 12 THE CIVIL WAR 14 AID 16 CONSTITUTIONAL REFORM 18 WHY SHOULD DEVELOPED NATIONS CARE? 19 ECONOMY 20 INTERNATIONAL TRADE 20 INDUSTRIAL COMPOSITION 21 Natural Resources 21 Agriculture 23 Manufacturing 25 Fishing 26 Banking and Private Sector Financing 28 REGIONAL OPPORTUNITIES 30 TAX REVENUE CLIMATE 31 Current Tax Structure 31 International Benchmarking 32 Import Tariffs 33 Corporate Income Taxes 34 Personal Income Tax Base 35 GOVERNANCE 37 INTRODUCTION 37 IMPLEMENT THE NATIONAL BIOMETRIC IDENTIFICATION
    [Show full text]
  • The Link Between the West African Ebola Outbreak and Health Systems in Guinea, Liberia and Sierra Leone
    Shoman et al. Globalization and Health (2017) 13:1 DOI 10.1186/s12992-016-0224-2 REVIEW Open Access The link between the West African Ebola outbreak and health systems in Guinea, Liberia and Sierra Leone: a systematic review Haitham Shoman1* , Emilie Karafillakis2 and Salman Rawaf1 Abstract Background: An Ebola outbreak started in December 2013 in Guinea and spread to Liberia and Sierra Leone in 2014. The health systems in place in the three countries lacked the infrastructure and the preparation to respond to the outbreak quickly and the World Health Organisation (WHO) declared a public health emergency of international concern on August 8 2014. Objective: The aim of this study was to determine the effects of health systems’ organisation and performance on the West African Ebola outbreak in Guinea, Liberia and Sierra Leone and lessons learned. The WHO health system building blocks were used to evaluate the performance of the health systems in these countries. Methods: A systematic review of articles published from inception until July 2015 was conducted following the PRISMA guidelines. Electronic databases including Medline, Embase, Global Health, and the Cochrane library were searched for relevant literature. Grey literature was also searched through Google Scholar and Scopus. Articles were exported and selected based on a set of inclusion and exclusion criteria. Data was then extracted into a spreadsheet and a descriptive analysis was performed. Each study was critically appraised using the Crowe Critical Appraisal Tool. The review was supplemented with expert interviews where participants were identified from reference lists and using the snowball method. Findings: Thirteen articles were included in the study and six experts from different organisations were interviewed.
    [Show full text]
  • Mortality, Nutrition and Health in Lofa County Liberia Five Years Post-Conflict
    W oRld HeAltH & PoPulAtIoN 23 Mortality, Nutrition and Health in Lofa County Liberia Five Years Post-Conflict Shannon doocy, Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health daniela lewy, Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health tanya Guenther, International Medical Corps (currently with Save the Children) Ryan larrance, International Medical Corps (currently with ACdI/VoCA) Correspondence may be directed to: Shannon Doocy, Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, 615 N. Wolfe St, Suite E8132, Baltimore, MD 21205. Tel. 410-502-2628, Fax 410-614-1419, E-mail: [email protected]. Abstract Liberia remains in transition from a state of humanitarian emergency to development, and Lofa County was the epicentre of recent conflict. This study aimed to estimate mortality and malnutrition and evaluate access to health services, water and sanitation. The survey was conducted in April 2009 and employed a 46 cluster × 20 design (n = 920 households) with probability proportional to size sampling. The crude mortality rate was 24.3/1000/year (CI: 19.0 to 29.6) or 0.67/10,000/day (CI: 0.52 to 0.81). The global acute malnutrition rate was 7.9% (CI: 5.4 to 8.9), and the severe acute malnutrition rate was 4.5% (CI: 2.9 to 6.7). Access to basic health services was relatively good according to a variety of indicators; however, access to sanitation was low, with 39.5% of households reporting access to toilets or latrines. Despite high rates of displacement and infrastructure destruction, population health appears to be relatively stable five years post-conflict, though a continued focus on reconstruction and development is needed.
    [Show full text]
  • (2015) Health Worker Ebola Infections in Guinea, Liberia and Sierra Leone
    A PRELIMINARY REPORT 21 May 2015 Health worker Ebola infections in Guinea, Liberia and Sierra Leone SUMMARY This special WHO report is the first to summarize the Other categories of health workers affected include impact of the Ebola epidemic on the health workforce medical workers (doctors and medical students, 12%), of Guinea, Liberia and Sierra Leone. It investigates the laboratory workers and trade and elementary workers determinants of infection and describes safe practices (janitors, maintenance staff, etc.) with 7% each. put in place to protect health workers during the epidemic. The report covers the period from 1 January 2014 to Preliminary findings of a systematic review of the 31 March 2015. published literature on health-care workers’ filovirus infections (both Marburg and Ebola viruses), including In this report, the term ”health worker” includes not only those in the current outbreak, show that identifying clinical staff, but all those who work in health services, the precise risk factors and the situations in which including drivers, cleaners, burial teams, and community health workers were exposed is very difficult. However, -based workers amongst others. serious gaps in implementing infection prevention and control (IPC) standards were reported in the settings This preliminary report describes and characterizes health where transmission likely took place or where infected worker infection and infection outcomes, and quantifies health workers were employed. Among these, the most the health worker infection risk. It summarizes the findings frequently reported were deficiencies in administrative, based on the 815 confirmed and probable cases for engineering and environmental controls, inappropriate whom individual case reports (as opposed to aggregate use or lack of personal protective equipment (PPE), data) were available through the Viral Haemorrhagic defective IPC practice and behaviour, and poor employ- Fever (VHF) database.
    [Show full text]