TheThe SteubenSteuben NewsNews A Newspaper by German-Americans for All Americans

VOL. 89 NO.3 DUTY • JUSTICE • CHARITY • TOLERANCE MAY/JUNE 2016

The Coral House in Baldwin, NY is the site of this yearʼs 97th Anniversary Gala Celebration National Council 97th Anniversary German Genealogists visit New Ulm MN. L - R: George Glotzbach, Gala Luncheon Robert Beussman, Dirk Weissleder, Pat Eckstein, Kent Cutkomp, Pat Kretsch, Wade Olson, Harvey Stadick, Denis Warta at Turner Hall Join us as we celebrate our 97th year of existence. With a Rathskeller, New Ulm, MN. Photo by Wade Olson. break of tradition, instead of the Founders Day Banquet, we will gather on May 22, 2015 2:00-6:00 p.m. at the Coral House, 70 Germanic Genealogists Visit New Ulm, MN Milburn Avenue in Baldwin, NY, for a festive luncheon enhanced Two Germanic genealogists visited Brown County, MN in by the musical entertainment of John Weber. We will honor our January. Their purpose was twofold: to seek cooperation with the Founders and our Patron. This year's food is as follows: German-Bohemian Heritage Society (GBHS), a worldwide cultural The cocktail hour includes butler-passed top shelf hors d’ou- organization headquartered in New Ulm, MN, and to investigate the fam- vres. The four course dinner includes pasta, caesar salad and for the ily files at the Brown County Historical Society (BCHS). Visiting from Laatzen, Germany was Dirk Weissleder, Chairman of the National main course a choice of Loin of Pork, Salmon or Skirt Steak. German Umbrella Organization of Genealogical Societies (NGUOGS), Occasional cake and coffee will be served for dessert. Soda is and from St. Paul, MN, was Kent Cutkomp, Program Chairman of the included. There will be a cash bar. 97th Anniversary Gala tickets are Germanic Genealogy Society of Minnesota (GGS). $70 per person and children under 12 are $35 per child. Please make Together with other American genealogical organizations, the check payable to Steuben Society of America and mail to Elyse NGUOGS and GGS are planning a national genealogical conference to be Land, P.O. Box 777, Levittown, NY, 11756. held in Minnesota in 2017, with expected attendance of 500 delegates. We need your support for this important event. Please invite New Ulm and Brown County are being considered as an optional field trip your friends and family! DEADLINE is May 12, 2016! for delegates. Weissleder and Cutkomp were entertained in the Rathskeller of PLEASE SUPPORT THE CENTENNIAL CLUB Turner Hall by Mayor Robert Beussman who presented the two visitors with gifts representing New Ulm. In attendance were Director of the In anticipation of our Centennial Anniversary Celebration, we have BCHS Robert Burgess, and representing established the Centennial Club inviting donations of $100. the GBHS were Pat Kretsch, Denis Warta, Donors will be acknowledged in Steuben News. Wade Olson, Harvey Stadick, Pat Eckstein, Please make check payable to Steuben Society of America and George Glotzbach. The visitors were PERMIT #12 PAID US POSTAGE BULK RATE

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dedicated to unite men and women T Visit Steuben Societyʼs New YouTube Channel and watch the of Germanic origin who share a September 2015 Erick Kurz Memorial Lecture common interest in the positive and CORREC by Robert Selig entitled, “Georrg Daniel Flohr and continued growth of our nation as ED SS well as the preservation of our rich ST his Travels in America (1780-1781)” heritage. For more info: www.youtube.com/watch?v=TTMiaKc-ICw

www.steubensociety.org Steuben Society of America Suite 217 One South Ocean Ave. NY 11772 Patchogue, ADDRE REQUE MAY/JUNE 2016 THE STEUBEN NEWS Page 2 New Ulm Genealologists The Interesting Life of Herman killed his entire family, depriving Contd from front cover Lehmann: A German-American Boy’s Life Among the Apaches and him of any incen- tive to attempt They were pleased to see the large wood Commanches escape. The carving of a chimneysweep (a symbol of Herman Lehmann (June 5, 1859 - Apaches took good luck in Germany) with the inscription February 2, 1932) was captured as a child by Herman Lehmann translated ..."Chimneysweep's Greetings Native Americans. He lived first among the to their village in from Berlin to Minnesota, Christmas Apache and then the Comanche but eventually eastern New 1948"...commemorating aid from a U.S. returned to his family later on in his life. The Mexico. He was Army Air Corps squadron from Minnesota phenomenon of a "white boy" raised by adopted by a man during the Russian blockade of land access "Indians" made him a notable figure in the named Carnoviste to Berlin during the Cold War. . He published his autobiography, and his wife, An afternoon tour of New Ulm's Nine Years Among the Indians in 1927. Laughing Eyes. A German cultural sites followed including Herman Lehmann was born near year after his cap- Hermann Monument, Martin Luther Mason, Texas, on June 5, 1859, to German ture, General College, Fr. Alexander Berghold immigrants Ernst Moritz Lehmann and his wife William T. Monument and Way of the Cross, 1860's Augusta Johanna Adams Lehmann. He was a Sherman passed log cabin, Cathedral, Glockenspiel, and third child, following a brother Gustave Adolph through Loyal German-Bohemian Monument. born in 1855, and a sister Wilhelmina who was Valley on an The two genealogists were particu- born in 1857. Following the birth of Herman, the inspection tour. larly anxious to inspect the 6,000 family Lehmans had another son William F. born in Augusta Lehmann files held at the BCHS, as presented by 1861. Augusta had three more daughters, Buchmeier was Herman Lehmann circa early 1920ʼs Research Librarian Darla Gebhard. They Emeliyn, Caroline Wilhelmina and Mathilde, but granted a private audience with Sherman to plead for his assistance were most impressed by the breadth and their birth order is unclear, as it is unclear in finding her son. depth of the records, and the German cul- whether these were children of Lehmann or her The Apaches called Lehmann "En Da" (White Boy). He ture and history of Brown County which second husband Buchmeier. Moritz Lehmann spent about six years with them and became assimilated into their they represented. died in 1862, and Augusta married local stone- culture, rising to the position of lesser chief. As a young warrior, one Next, the working group spent an mason Philip Buchmeier in 1863. of his most memorable battles was a running fight with the Texas hour at the GBHS Library inspecting its Rangers on August 24, 1875, which took place near Fort Concho, genealogical holdings, and pondering ways Herman’s Capture about 65 miles west of the site of San Angelo, Texas. Ranger James in which they could be exchanged by On May 16, 1870, a raiding party of Gillett nearly shot Lehmann before he realized he was a white "cap- researchers working in Germany and eight to ten Apaches, probably Lipans, captured tive". When the Rangers tried to find Lehmann later, he escaped by America. Again, Weissleder and Cutkomp Herman Lehmann, who was almost eleven, and crawling through the grass. were pleased to see the volume and content his eight-year-old brother, Willie, while they of the Society's holdings. were in the fields at their mother's request to Asylum with the Comanches To cap the day, the whole group scare the birds from the wheat. Their two sisters Around the spring of 1876, Herman Lehmann killed an adjourned to the B & L Bar to become per- escaped without injury. Four days later, the Apache medicine man avenging his killing of Carnoviste, his chief sonally acquainted, while enjoying prod- Apache raiding party encountered a patrol of ten and adoptive father. Fearing revenge, he fled from the Apaches and ucts of New Ulm's Schell Brewery. African-American cavalrymen led by Sgt. spent a year alone in hiding. He became lonely and decided to A bridge of understanding has been Emanuel Stance, who had been sent from Fort search for a Comanche tribe that he might join. He observed a tribe built among these various genealogical McKavett to recover the two Lehmann boys. In all day long then entered the camp just after dark. At first, they were organizations in Germany and America. the short battle that followed, Willie Lehmann going to kill him, however, a young warrior approached him that Now these experts must begin to make was able to escape, but the Apaches fled with spoke the Apache tongue. Lehmann then explained his situation, arrangements for the sharing of their col- young Herman. Sergeant Stance became the first that he was born white adopted by the Indians and that he left the lective ancestral past, with today's present black regular to receive a Medal of Honor for his Apaches after killing the medicine man. Another brave came for- researchers, for the benefit of future gener- bravery on this mission. The kidnapping site was ward verifying his story and he was welcomed to stay. He joined the ations. designated a Recorded Texas Historic Landmark Comanches who gave him a new name, Montechema (meaning in 1991, Marker number 11283. unknown). Life with the Apaches In the spring of 1877, Lehmann and the Comanches A few months after Lehman's capture, attacked buffalo hunters on the high plains of Texas. Lehmann was the Apaches lied and told Lehmann they had wounded by hunters in a surprise attack on the Indian camp at L-R: Darla Gebhard, Kent Cutkomp, Dirk Weissleder, George Glotzbach, Brown County Yellow House Canyon, present-day Lubbock, Texas, on March 18, Historical Society, New Ulm, MN, Photo by Wade Olson. 1877, the last fight between Indians and non-Indians in Texas. In July 1877, Comanche chief Quanah Parker, who had suc- cessfully negotiated the surrender of the last fighting Comanches in 1875, was sent in search of the renegades. Herman Lehmann was among the group that Quanah found camped on the Pecos River in eastern New Mexico. Quanah persuaded them to quit fighting and come to the Indian reservation near Fort Sill, Indian Territory in present-day Oklahoma. While Lehmann initially refused to go to the reservation, he later followed at Quanah's request.

Return to White Life Herman Lehmann lived with Quanah Parker's family on the Kiowa-Comanche reservation in 1877-78. Several people took notice of the white boy living among the Indians. However, Lehmann's mother never gave up believing that she would one day see her son again. She questioned Colonel Mackenzie, the com- manding officer of Fort Sill, whether there were any blue eyed boys on the reservation. He said yes; however, the description led them to contʼd next page MARCH/APRIL 2016 THE STEUBEN NEWS Page 3 Hermann Lehmann hundred and sixty acres of Oklahoma land. cont’d from previous page Lehman chose a site near Grandfield and moved there in 1910. He later deeded some of believe the boy was not hers. Neverless, she demanded he be brought to the property over for a school. her. In April 1878, Lt. Col. John W. Davidson ordered that Lehmann be Lehmann died on February 2, 1932, in sent under guard to his family in Texas. Five soldiers and a driver escort- Loyal Valley, where he is buried next to his ed Lehmann on a four-mule-drawn ambulance to Loyal Valley in Mason mother and stepfather in the cemetery next to County, Texas. Lehmann arrived in Loyal Valley with an escort of sol- the old Loyal Valley one-room school house. diers on May 12, 1878, eight years after his capture. The people of Loyal wikipedia.com Valley gathered to see the captive boy brought home. *************************** Upon his arrival, neither he nor his mother recognized one MISS GERMAN-AMERICA STEUBEN another. Lehmann had long believed his family dead, for the Apache had Remembering PARADE QUEEN shown him proof during his time of transition to their way of life. It was Every year, we crown a Miss German Inge Fischer White his sister who found a scar on his arm, which had been caused by her America Steuben Parade Queen along with two Inge's father was a grocery when they were playing with a hatchet. His family surrounded him wel- Parade Princesses, Junior Princesses and a wholesaler in Kassel, Germany and coming him home and the distant memories began to come back. Junior General. As spokeswoman for the New Inge has spoken of many fond memo- Hearing someone repeat "Herman", he thought that sounded familiar and York Steuben Parade, the Queen and her court ries of the smell of roasting coffee and then realized it was his own name. will promote the New York Steuben Parade by snitching cookies with her brothers At first, he was sullen and wanted nothing to do with his moth- attending numerous events in the greater NYC from the warehouse shelves. er and siblings. As he put it, "I was an Indian, and I did not like them area. As WWII moved closer into because they were palefaces." Lehmann's readjustment to his original Responsibilities include: Weekend her home area she spent many traumat- culture was slow and painful. He rejected food offered, and was unac- events, and one or two weeknight events, June ic moments huddled in bomb shelters customed to sleeping in a bed. through October 2016; Attend the Steuben only to brought out hours later to find Herman Lehmann's first memoir, written with the assistance of Parade Dignitary’s reception which is a week- much of her familiar neighborhood Jonathan H. Jones, was published in 1899 under the title “A Condensed night event typically a week or two before the devastated and neighbors as casualties. History of the Apache and Comanche Indian Tribes for Amusement and Parade; the 59th NYC Steuben Parade She had just turned 10 years old when General Knowledge (also known as Indianology).” Lehmann hated this Weekend from Friday, Sept. 16th including the war ended. book for he felt Jonathan had taken liberty to fluff it up a bit. Greeting at City Hall Park, 11 am, Gala Inge's family had her, her Throughout his life, Herman Lehmann drifted between two very Banquet at The Lighthouse at Chelsea Piers, 6 brothers and sister, visit their grand- different cultures. Lehmann was a very popular figure in southwestern pm; Saturday, Sept. 17th St. Patrick’s Cathedral mother in the eastern part of Germany, Oklahoma and the Texas Hill Country, appearing at county fairs and Church Service 9:00 am with breakfast to fol- Heldburg in Thuringen where her rodeos. To thrill audiences, such as he did in 1925 at the Old Settlers low; Parade steps off at noon immediately fol- grandmother had a bakery, near the end Reunion in Mason County, he would chase a calf around an arena, kill it lowed by the Central Park Oktoberfest; Sunday, of the war but they were able to escape with arrows, jump off his horse, cut out the calf's liver, and eat it raw. Sept. 18th, Oompahfest at Plattduetsche Park, the Russian forces that were moving His second autobiography, Nine Years Among the Indians (1927, Franklin Square, NY. west to occupy that area, as refugees edited by J. Marvin Hunter) was at the request of Lehmann. He request- Parade Queen and her court must also spending many days walking, hitching ed that this time the book be written just as he told it. It is one of the attend the , PA Steuben Parade, wagon rides, and boarding overcrowd- finest captivity narratives in American literature, according to J. Frank Sunday, Oct 9th, 2016 with gala the evening ed trains to what would become the Dobie. Herman Lehmann's story also inspired Mason County native Fred before Applicants for Miss German-America American Sector. There, they found Gipson's novel Savage Sam, a sequel to Old Yeller. must be a female between 18-25 years of age, their family home in Fuldertal, outside On July 16, 1885 Herman Lehmann married N.E. Burke. The single, and an American citizen with a German- of Kassel, occupied by the Americans. marriage ended in divorce, with conflicting accounts of the cause. American background. General knowledge and Kassel was severly damaged March 4, 1896 - Lehman married Fannie Light. The couple had speaking ability of the German language is pre- by Allied bombing raids as the two sons (Henry and John) and three daughters (Amelia, May, and ferred. Two Parade Princesses will also be Henschel railroad locomotive factory Caroline). Although Celebrating St. Patty’s Day. National Secretary selected as court members. The finalists will was located there. At war's end, all Lehman deserted his Ilse Hoffmann enjoying a much-deserved rest- awarded: $2,500 College Scholarship for each efforts were made to stabilize and second wife in ful hiatus at The Bristal, White Plains, NY. Miss German America Princess; A Place of establish some normalcy. Inge's father Oklahoma in 1926, a Honor on the Parade Float in New York City; was approached by the town mayor and divorce was never Special Honors at the Parade Gala Benefit was asked to reopen his wholesale gro- filed. Upon Lehmann's Banquet in NYC; Television appearances in the cery business as food was in short sup- death, Fannie Light US and abroad. ply in their community. Inge's father was his legal widow. Application for Junior Princess applies had supplied food to displaced families The family left to girls 8-12 years of age. Applicants must be during the war years and was honored Texas and moved back an American citizen with a German-American to comply. to Indian Territory in background. Application for Junior General Inge came to the United States 1900 to be close to his von Steuben applies to boys 8-12 years of age. in the early 1960s. She brought with Apache and Comanche Applicants must be American citizens with a her a love of animals, a love of music, friends. German-American background. pride in traditional German culture, and On August 26, General knowledge of the German lan- a desire for peace and tranquility. She 1901, Quanah Parker guage is desirable for all applicants. The received her degree in nursing and provided a legal affi- crowning of Miss German America will take joined the Riverside Hospital as an RN. davit verifying place on May 15, 2016. Here she served in many capacities Lehman's life as his For more info: www.germanparadenyc.org including that of Charge Nurse and in adopted son 1877- Hospice prior to her retirement. 1878. On May 29, She has always been an ener- 1908, the United States getic go-getter and leader in important Congress authorized CENTENNIAL CLUB DONORS: causes. Inge has been an ardent sup- the United States porter of the arts in the area, Secretary of the GERDA CORNELL both the Virginia Symphony and Opera. Interior to allot SUSANNA BEZOLD She served on the Symphony League Lehmann, as an adopt- ed member of the ROBERT AND ELYSE LAND Comanche nation, one THANK YOU! contʼd next page MAY/JUNE 2016 THE STEUBEN NEWS Page 4 Inge Fischer White Imports" initially importing and selling post dues in advance, have enough Contʼd from previous page by mail order German music CDs and funds for all of their travel, their land on the Peninsula as their president. Inge cassettes. In 1998, German Music purchased and the first few years of liv- has been a member of the Tidewater Imports opened a retail store in ing. Character references were also German-American Society since its Yorktown and specialized in German required. Members came from all areas founding and served multiple times as music and imported German grocery of Germany, several different religious president and vice president. Inge was items. German Music Imports expanded groups, and many professions including also founder of the "Ladies Club' in 2005 becoming the "German Store farmers. Membership dues would cover (Frauenklub) in that organization. Inge and Café" by opening a German restau- the costs of travel and settlement for the served as many years chairperson of the rant. She has been listed in the "Who's physicians and teachers, who were "Steuben Society of America," Who" of American Women. granted free membership. Wehrner von Braun Unit 220 in It was in 2011 that Inge was The group was to travel in two Newport News, hosting the Steuben diagnosed with lymphoma and she contingents from Bremen, in the spring Society's 37th national convention in began chemo. She passed away on of 1834. In May 1834, the Olbers, led 1996. February 16, 2016 in Newport News, by Paul Follenius, departed from In 1971, Inge began her Virginia less than a month after her 80th Bremen, headed for New Orleans, Gerda Biskup, member of the Islip Unit, cel- German radio program and would con- birthday in January. where the group encountered cholera. ebrated her 80th Birthday. Family and friends joined her on March 12, 2016 at tinue with it for 42 years. Her program ******************************** As they ascended the Mississippi River, Goccia D'Oro restaurant in Lindenhurst NY. titled "Gemütlichkeit" is loosely trans- The Giessen Emigration now headed for St. Louis, many mem- Congratulations from the Steuben Society! lated to mean "fellowship" was carried Society: Germans in Missouri bers grew ill, and some died. At the Germans on the Side of the same time, unbeknown to the first over public radio (WHRO) for many The Gießener Rebels in the War for group, the second contingent led by years and it had been broadcast in Auswanderungsgesellschaft (Gießen Independence Richmond, VA; Charlotte, NC; Friedrich Muench, was encountering Emigration Society) was founded in The or Philadelphia, PA; Washington D.C.; their own difficulties in Bremen, and 1833 in Gießen with the aim of estab- German Regiment or 8th Maryland was Lehigh Valley, PA; Spartenburg and was delayed several weeks. lishing a German-populated federal an American infantry unit that served Greenville, SC. She hosted other pro- They arrived in late July 1834 state within the United States. A major- for about four and one-half years in the grams as well including "The World of at , and began to head quickly ity of the five hundred politically moti- during the American Operetta", "World of Opera", and sym- for St. Louis. At Cincinnati, they met up vated members, from the middle and Revolutionary War. Authorized in May phony programs. with Baron von Bock of Dutzow who upper class, settled in Missouri in 1834. 1776 as an Extra Continental regiment, Inge had been a frequent guest told them of the first groups arrival and The effort was considered a failure, but the unit recruited ethnic Germans from at the German Embassy in Washington, misfortunes. its leaders did much to contribute to the Maryland and Pennsylvania. The DC and an annual dinner guest at the Both leaders, Friedrich Muench German influence of the state in the appointed exclusive Christmas Dinner given by and Paul Follenius, settled on farms early 19th century. Nicholas Haussegger to command the Germany's Cultural Ambassador. A next to that of Gottfried Duden near the Author Gottfried Duden, a battalion, which initially organized in special concert of "newly discovered" German-populated Dutzow, Missouri. German attorney, settled on the north the strength of eight companies. While music of Mendelssohn was presented They soon realized that the plan for a side of the Missouri River along Lake the unit assembled at Philadelphia, in Washington, D.C. in conjunction separate German federal state would Creek in 1824. He was investigating the Pennsylvania, a ninth company was with the German Embassy by the remain a Utopia. possibilities of settlement in the area by added. The battalion fought at Trenton "Washington Sängerbund" (German Other families settled nearby in his countrymen. In 1827, he returned to in December 1776, where its soldiers Choral Society of Washington, D.C.) southeastern Warren County, and in Germany and in 1829 published Bericht called out in German for the Hessians to as a fundraiser for her radio program, nearby Franklin and St. Charles über eine Reise nach den westlichen lay down their arms. "Gemütlichkeit). In 1988, Inge was Counties. Many of these early families Staaten Nordamerika's ("Report of a A week later, the German presented the "German Service Cross" would soon begin to write their own let- journey to the western states of North Battalion was in action at Assunpink (Bundesverdienstkreuz), the highest ters home, encouraging further emigra- America") in 1829 which gave romantic Creek where a number of its troops honor the German government can tion. As many were professionals and and glowing descriptions of the were captured, including Haussegger. award a civilian, by the German presi- politically motivated, they were active Missouri River valley between St. Louis The next day, the unit fought at dent, for her work with German culture in their communities efforts and poli- and Hermann, Missouri. The romantic Princeton. After Haussegger defected to in the United States. tics. These families were actively description of the free life in the US the British, A non-profit organization, involved in efforts regarding the aboli- motivated the Protestant minister appointed Prussian volunteer Henry "Friends of Gemütlichkeit" was formed tion of slavery during the Civil War, and Friedrich Münch and the attorney Paul Leonard d'Arendt to command the bat- in 1994 to foster and promote the radio many created and joined companies of Follenius/Paul Follen in 1833 to found talion. The battalion served with the 1st program also published a quarterly the Union Army that were made up the Gießen Emigration Society. Muench Virginia Brigade at Brandywine and newsletter of German culture that Inge completely of Germans. The influence and Follenius had participated in the Germantown in September and October edited, "The Gemütliche Newsletter", of these first five hundred can still be outlawed student revolutions and politi- 1777. The following June the German which reached a national circulation of found in the area today, that follows the cal movements in Germany, prior to, Battalion fought at Monmouth. Late in about 10,000. Missouri River from St. Louis to and in the wake of the French July 1778, the unit was assigned to Edward In 1992, Inge began her own Hermann - often called Little Germany, Revolution of 1832. As there was no Hand's brigade and served in the business known as "German Music Missouri. This area, called the Missouri immediate hope for success, they estab- in the summer of Weinstrasse, still retains much of the Publication that inspired Germans lished the Giessen Emigration Society, 1779. The battalion transferred to the early German influence in its culture, to emmigrate to America in the with their publication "A Call for a New Jersey Brigade before being dis- 1820ʼs and historic architecture. Large Emigration" with the intentions to Excerpted from wikipedia.com solved in January 1781. establish a "new and free Germany in Unable to recruit sufficient For more info: https://mo-germans.com the great North American Republic" to numbers of soldiers to put down the serve as model for a future German , the British gov- Republic. ernment hired mercenary soldiers from The small publication was cir- Hesse-Kassel, Brunswick, and four culated privately throughout Germany, other German states. Americans were secretly passed and discussed. Muench infuriated by this policy and colonial and Follenius's followers grew and Interested in writing for The propagandists made the most of their became so large, they could not take all Steuben News? opportunity. Prompted by the contro- who responded on this first call, and versy, the Continental Congress deter- closed at 500 members. The Statutes of Submit your article to the editor mined to raise a unit from Americans of the Society were lengthy, and the costs German descent. [email protected] were high. Members were required to continued on pg 6 MAY/JUNE 2016 THE STEUBEN NEWS Page 5

Chairman’s Message: The purpose of the Steuben Society of America is to educate the public about matters of interest to Dear Steuben Brothers and Sisters, American citizens of German descent and their families, to encourage their participation in civic I want to thank the board of officers for putting their affairs and to perpetuate and enhance the understanding of the contributions made by such citizens to the development of the United States trust in me and reelecting me National Chairman for anoth- er year. Although being chairman involves a tremendous amount of time and effort, it is truly worthwhile to see our The Steuben News VOL. 89 NO. 3 MAY/JUNE 2016 society moving forward. EDITORIAL & ADVERTISING OFFICES: One South Ocean Avenue, Suite 217, Patchogue, NY 11772 PHONE: 631-730-5111 It is not just me but the whole society that helps us EDITOR & ART DIRECTOR: Christine Lynn Harvey STEUBEN NEWS COMMITTEE: Ilse Hoffmann, Peter Hoffmann, Marilyn Harvey, Elyse Land, Robert Land E.O., Barbara DeOliveira reach our goals. I will be looking forward to seeing many STEUBEN NEWS CONTRIBUTORS: Dr. Don Heinrich Tolzmann, Siegfried Bette, George L. Glotzbach, members and friends on May 22 at the Coral House in Richie Odorfer, Mary Helen Jones, Charlotte & Hans Arndt, Dr. Ann Marie Fuhrig Baldwin. Together, we will be celebrating our 97th Anniversary. Subscriptions are $25 per year and are fulfilled by third class mail. The Steuben News is the official publication of The Steuben Society of America. The opinions expressed herein are not necessarily those of the Steuben News or the Steuben Society of We also celebrate our German Language Awards in May at Annapolis America.We reserve the right to refuse, edit or excerpt submissions; we do not guarantee the return of manuscripts or photos unless provided a SASE. and West Point. In our next issue, there will be pictures and a write up on the winners. Please save the date August 27, for our National Council Picnic at Staib also owns City Tavern, colonial era. Staib worked closely Heckscher State Park in Islip. Look for details in our next issue. a landmark restaurant in with National Park Service’s chief Please let us know any of your unit events, birthdays, milestones or Philadelphia, PA and wrote a recipe curator, Karie Diethorn, recreating special occasions. Units can check the anniversary dates of their members and book by the same name, inspired by the restaurant’s signature tableware, report the special anniversary of any members. I would like to welcome all the his restaurant. After a number of very linens, furnishings, and paint colors. new members that have joined recently. Your interest in joining our society is successful years on his own, Staib The staff wears custom made colonial appreciated and I am sure that you can contribute your thoughts and ideas. went looking for a property to era wardrobe. For recipes, show Wishing you all a wonderful spring season. express his love of history and culi- schedule and further info visit: Fraternally yours, nary talents more authentically. ATasteofHistory. Bob Land In 1992, he learned that German-American Philadelphia’s City Tavern, a reincar- nation of the fabled colonial-era CONGRATULATIONS TO THE Walter Staib, Host restaurant located at 138 South 2nd 2016 BOARD OF of “A Taste of Street in Philadelphia, closed down NATIONAL COUNCIL OFFICERS History” TV that New Year’s Eve. It had at one Cooking Show time been patronized by America’s Chairman - Robert Land Features von founding fathers, was demolished in 1st Vice Chair - Dr. Don H. Tolzmann 2nd Vice Chair - Charlotte Arndt Steuben in an 1854, and faithfully rebuilt by the Episode 3rd Vice Chair - Margita Collins National Park Service for the coun- Secretary - Ilse Hoffmann Walter Staib, try’s Bicentennial celebration in Financial Secretary - Elyse Land a native of 1976. Treasurer - Hans Arndt Pforzheim, Germany, Staib became fascinated with 1st Trustee - Randall J. Ratje is an internationally the Tavern’s first patrons—a who’s 2nd Trustee - Herbert Henning renowned chef, who of colonial America—and the restaurateur and food and drink served during the cookbook author. He hosts two award-winning culinary programs, A Taste of History and World Cuisine of the Black Forest, which are broadcast worldwide on public television and cable television networks and are also accessible via Internet media. Both shows are offshoots of his three best-selling cook- books to date, including a children’s book, all highlighting his ethnic German heritage and eighteenth-century colonial American cuisine. Born in the aftermath of World War II in the war-devastated town of Pforzheim, Germany, on March 20, 1946, Walter Staib is the first son of Herta Breuninger. Located in the state of Baden-Württemberg in southwest Germany, Pforzheim has been an important gateway to the Black Forest which had etched its culinary mark on Staib who incorporates some of the the region’s recipes into his cooking show. In his emmy-award winning TV cooking/colonial history TV pro- gram, “A Taste of History,” Chef Walter Staib travels the globe, to histor- ical locations, into famous kitchens and exotic markets. The TV series explores, educates and brings America’s culinary heritage to life through the recreation of elegant and sumptuous dishes inspired by the founding fathers. The show has won six Emmy Awards. The program airs on PBS and RLTV on cable. Check ATasteofHistory.org’s website for showtimes. Episodes have included Jefferson’s Monticello, Washington’s Crossing at the Delaware River and Baron von Steuben’s contribution at in which he cooks the Baron’s favorite dish, geschmorte has- senpfefffer und kartoffelpuffer (braised rabbit and potato pancakes). In past episodes, he has interviewed living history actors in the guise of Betsy Ross, George Washington and other notables of history. Staib’s enthusiasm for Colonial American cooking is inspiring and highly engaging. He uses many of the cooking utensils, techniques and ingredi- ents a colonial chef would have used over 250 years ago. Hearth cooking is a long-lost artform. Imagine baking cookies, bread and other goodies in a cast iron pan, or spider (3-legged skillet that sits over a coal of fires). over burning logs in a large walk-in fireplace! Often interviewing living history actors bring- ing a historical figure to life, the show is a fun step back in time. Follow along as the adventures in history and cooking intertwine in a marvelous adventure! MAY/JUNE 2016 THE STEUBEN NEWS Page 6 23 September. The five Pennsylvania Germans on the Side of the troops, leaving the capable companies came from the eastern part Hand in charge. There was a Rebels Contʼd from page 4 of the state. Frederick and Baltimore clash at Little Shabbakunk Counties in Maryland each provided Creek, where Cornwallis two companies. A Bernese Swiss veter- was forced to unlimber his an of the French and Indian War who artillery. As soon as British settled in Lebanon, Pennsylvania, pressure became too great, Haussegger was promoted on 17 July Hand pulled back his men to 1776. Because he was serving in the a second blocking position. north, he found out about his promo- Later, they fell back to a tion in August and did not arrive in third position at Stockton Philadelphia until October. Hollow, outside Trenton. As A strength return from 22 dusk fell, superior British December 1776 showed that the battal- numbers forced Hand's ion mustered 374 soldiers under troops into a hurried retreat Haussegger's command. Together with through the town. During the the 254-man 1st Continental Regiment withdrawal, the British cap- of Edward Hand, the battalion served tured Haussegger and some in Matthias Alexis Roche de Fermoy's of his men near the lower brigade. The unit fought in the Battle fords of Assunpink Creek. The 8th Maryland Brigade, a unit com- of Trenton on 26 December. Fermoy's Mark M. Boatner III wrote prised of German-Americans during the What became known as the German brigade marched with the left column that the unit "disgraced American Revolution Battalion was authorized on 25 May which was accompanied by George itself.” That evening, tenant colonel on 29 April 1777, 1776 as an Extra Continental Washington. When the column columns of British and Hessians replacing Stricker. On 9 April, two Regiment. Pennsylvania and deployed for battle, 's tried to storm the bridge and the additional were added as Maryland each raised four companies brigade was on the right, Adam lower fords, but were stopped Daniel Burchardt and George Hubley from their ethnic German popula- Stephen and Lord Stirling's brigades in with heavy losses. joined William Klein in that rank. tions. Congress appointed field offi- the center and Fermoy's brigade on the Washington posted On 22 May 1777, cers from prominent figures in the left. German Battalion at the bridge in Washington assigned the German German community. Major Nicholas Early in the combat, the second line, behind Scott's Battalion to the 2nd Maryland Haussegger of the 4th Pennsylvania Washington moved Fermoy's brigade troops. The next day, 3 January, Brigade, then he quickly changed his Battalion was made colonel in com- to the east to prevent the the battalion was present at the mind and reassigned it to the 1st mand of the battalion. Captain defenders from retreating north to . Virginia Brigade two days later. The George Stricker of Maryland was Princeton, New Jersey. When Hessian unit would remain in the same promoted and commander attempted to Forage War to Valley Forge brigade until the summer of 1778. Ludowick Weltner of Maryland was break out to the north on the east side led the Peter Muhlenberg elevated to major. On 17 July the of town, Washington shifted Fermoy's 1st Virginia Brigade. was the commander of the brigade, ninth company was recruited from brigade farther east to outflank Rall. Many Americans regarded which also included the 1st, 5th, 9th, Pennsylvanians at the urging of Toward the end of the battle, Haussegger's capture with suspi- and 13th Virginia Regiments. George Washington as a way to Haussegger's men yelled in German to cion. He was considered to have Interestingly, Muhlenberg's 8th employ French and Indian War veter- the Hessians to lay down their weapons defected to the British and was Virginia Regiment was also known an Lieutenant John David Woelper of and surrender. With Rall and many of not employed by the American as the German Regiment. the 3rd Pennsylvania Battalion. their higher officers wounded, the army after being sent home on At the The German Battalion was Hessians soon capitulated. parole. On 19 March 1777, he on 11 September 1777, Muhlenberg's assigned to the Middle Department As New Years Day 1777 was removed from the rolls. brigade formed part of Nathanael on 27 June 1776. The unit organized dawned, a reinforced American brigade Colonel Henry Leonard d'Arendt Greene's division near Chadds Ford. at Philadelphia, Pennsylvania during took position behind a creek 6 miles was appointed to lead the regi- After Sir William Howe's heavy col- the period 6 July to 25 September and (10 km) south of Princeton, New ment on the same date. Under the umn reached a position in the it was assigned to the main army on Jersey, ready to block the advance of command of Lieutenant Colonel American right rear, Washington sent Peter Muhlenberg Lord Charles Cornwallis' forces. Stricker, the battalion fought in the divisions of John Sullivan, Among the 1,000 Americans were the Battle of Spanktown on 23 Stephen, and Lord Stirling to block Hand's riflemen, now called the 1st February 1777 during the Forage the thrust. After heavy fighting, Pennsylvania Regiment, Charles War. In a brilliant action, the Howe broke through, threatening to Scott's Virginia Brigade, the German Americans inflicted 75 casualties cut off the American retreat. Battalion, and six artillery pieces under on the British while only losing In the crisis, Washington sent . During the morning five killed and nine wounded. Greene's division to the right. hours, the Americans repulsed the 1st By this time, the German 's brigade marched Light Infantry Battalion and two com- Battalion shed its status as an east, then north to arrive near panies of Hessian Jägers. It was neces- Extra Regiment and was counted Dilworth about 6:00 PM. To expedite sary to commit British and Hessian as part of two state establish- the move, Muhlenberg's brigade was grenadiers before the Americans pulled ments. One-half of the unit was ordered to take a different route. back. The British suffered most of the credited to the South of Dilworth, the 2nd 140 casualties lost during the action. while the remaining half became Grenadier Battalion ran into The German Battalion reported 410 part of the . Weedon's brigade and other troops officers and men present for duty that When Washington began raising and its commander Henry Monckton day. Additional Continental had to call for assistance. James The next day, Cornwallis Regiments he refrained from Agnew's 4th British Brigade came up brought on the Battle of the Assunpink raising any in Maryland because and one its units, the 64th Foot was Creek when he launched a major push of that state's responsibility to the roughly handled. Greene's division with 8,000 troops and 28 guns. The German Battalion. alcoholic Fermoy abandoned his Weltner became lieu- Contʼd Next page MAY/JUNE 2016 THE STEUBEN NEWS Page 7 Contʼd from previous page on 24 November 1778. Klein served cut that connected Germany and showed off her new invention, the as lieutenant colonel from 3 the United States, only communi- tank. Automatic weapons had been finally retreated into the night. cation from the British cable modernized into tools of mass mur- Muhlenberg's brigade fought September 1778 until 21 June 1779, though Weltner held the same rank. would be received in America. The der; flame throwers burned people to in the on 4 Anglo-French propaganda war death; and hand grenades blew them October 1777. Together with Hubley's service as major came to an end on 7 February 1779 and was conducted voraciously. Their up. Weedon's Brigade, it formed Greene's lies commenced as soon as Berlin Meanwhile in the Balkans, 1,500-man division. Greene com- Burchardt's tenure ended on 2 July 1779. invaded Belgium. German soldiers where the war originally started, the manded the left wing, which included were accused of committing the Serbs had driven the Austrians back to his own division, Stephen's 1,500- The German Battalion par- ticipated in the Sullivan Expedition most outrageous atrocities, such as the border, for the Serbian front lost strong division, and Alexander bayoneting children and stacking its importance to Vienna once Russia McDougall's 1,000-man Connecticut against the in 1779. 's journal listed the the heads of babies on their invaded Austria-Hungary. But with Brigade. swords, etc. German help, the army of Franz Josef Though the other regiments of "German Regt" under Weltner in Hand's Brigade, together with American newspapers was able to push her eastern battle- the brigade are listed, the German bombarded their readers daily with line into Russian territory. In the fall Battalion is not mentioned. Stephen's Lieutenant Colonel Adam Hubley's 11th Pennsylvania Regiment and the awful lies they received from of 1915, the Central Powers settled division advanced on the right, false British war reports. their account with Serbia, overwhelm- Greene's took the center, and independent companies led by Captains John Paul Schott and Germany’s Foreign Office care- ing the small hostile state. Then in a McDougall moved up on the left. Part lessly failed to respond effectively hasty effort to save the Serbs, England of Muhlenberg's brigade penetrated as Simon Spaulding. However, Boatner's order of battle for the to the propaganda, assuming that invaded neutral Greece to reach the far as the Market House. But, caught only fools could be so gullible to Serbs – committing a violation of by converging British units, the 9th 2,500-man expedition only listed the 11th and 4th Pennsylvania take such nonsense seriously. neutrality, a crime that London went Virginia was surrounded and cap- Germans believed this new British to war against Germany the year tured. Francis B. Heitman showed the Regiments in Hand's Brigade. On 8 October 1779, the German Battalion art of war, propaganda, was a cow- before over Belgium. King in ardly thing and up until the 1930s Constantine of Greece and his general Muhlenberg's brigade at Valley Forge, was detached from Hand's Brigade. The unit transferred to the New it was not a German art. staff resisted the Allies, and refused along with the German Battalion and British offers of Turkish lands as the previously listed units. Lieutenant Jersey Brigade on 16 September 1780. The battalion disbanded at Chapter XVI spoils for Greece entry in the war Colonel Weltner and Major Burchardt against the Central Powers. The Allies were listed as the field officers. Morristown, New Jersey and The Great War Baltimore, Maryland on 1 January Two immensely armed then deposed the Greek king, and 1781. On this date, D'Arendt was camps in Europe were at war with replaced him with a puppet ruler who Monmouth to Disbandment brought Greece into the war on the At the on still colonel and Weltner was still each other in 1915, and as the lieutenant colonel. fighting spread to other continents Allied side. 28 June 1778, Weltner commanded The war at sea. Because of the German Battalion. By this time, Source: wikipedia.org this deadly struggle came to be The Soul of Germany known as the Great War. Germany her enemies’ huge superiority in num- Muhlenberg's Virginia regiments were bers of ships, the main German fleet so shrunken that the 1st, 5th, and 9th Chapter XV and her coalition of Austria- Hungary, Turkey and Bulgaria had been forced to remain in anchor- Virginia were converged into a single Prelude to World War age at Kiel, Hamburg, and Bremen. tactical entity. The 1st and 2nd mobilized 23 million men and cont’d from last issue were called the Central Powers. So the German Admiralty limited its Virginia State Regiments also served actions to sorties on targets along the in the brigade. The brigade numbered By Richie Odorfer The British and French Empires, England and France intro- along with Russia, Serbia, British coast. However, right at the 1026 officers and men, but after outset of war, Wilhelm II’s East detachments only 66 officers and 655 duced a most evil weapon into the Portugal, Italy, Japan, and many war, propaganda, a program of mis- others, were called the Allies, and Asiatic Squadron played havoc with men remained. The others were Allied ships in the Pacific and South parceled out to various light infantry information and lies for the purpose would mobilize 42 million men. of stirring up ethnic hatred. The The Germans had fallen into a trap Atlantic oceans. Admiral Graf von detachments in the advance guard. Spee led the squadron. It was com- The brigade arrived on the field after main objectives of this sinister that Bismarck feared most – ene- British government office was: mies on all sides – and tragically posed of only six cruisers, yet this 6:00 PM and was not engaged. On 22 small unit inflicted sensational devas- July, the battalion transferred to the 1. Entice the United States of for the Reich, Wilhelm II was no America into the war against Friedrich the Great. tation on the Allied navies. At the 2nd Maryland Brigade. The unit was November 1, 1914 Battle of Coronel, reassigned to Edward Hand's Brigade Germany. Terrible new weapons were 2. Eliminate all opposition to then introduced to warfare. the squadron scored a major victory the war at home. Germany used poison gas first on over a special British force that had 3. Foster false promises of the western front, and the Allies Contʼd next page benevolence to the German people if quickly followed suit. Britain they surrender. 4. Break down the morale of the German fighting man. England allegedly purchased one hundred U.S. newspapers after 1914, just for the purpose of spread- ing anti-Germanism among Americans. When the British Admiralty ordered the Atlantic cable

The British and American propaganda machine painted Germans and any- thing German as vile and demonic, even the breed of dachshund dog. Many dachshunds were tortured and killed as a result of this insanity. It repeats itself with the anti-Muslim sentiment that is prevalent today in the highly propagandized “War on Terror.” Credit www.WWIpropaganda.com Page 8 THE STEUBEN NEWS MAY/JUNE 2016 Soul of Germany and disciplined. The officers stood its strength and knock her out calendar of events Contʼd from previous page near the bulwarks handing out of the war. By June, the French Please email your calendar items to: spars and hammocks and buoys to army had become exhausted [email protected] 1-2 months prior to been sent out to hunt it down. your event. Emperor Wilhelm II proudly help the men to save themselves. and were falling back as From the bridge the captain called planned. England then took granted Admiral von Spee the 5/22 2-6:00 pm Steuben Society 97th Anniversary honor of awarding 300 Iron for the attention of the crew – over the major responsibility Luncheon (Replaces Founders Day), Coral Crosses to deserving members even as three warships bore in of the front, and launched an House, Baldwin NY 516-567-6565 of the three ships that were from three sides firing as they offensive of their own, the came. Battle of the Somme. But the 6/2 7:30 German Genealogy Meeting, VFW Hall involved in the battle. In Rte 107, Hicksville NY 631-265-0621 Round London, meanwhile, Winston ‘His Majesty the British action not only failed, it Table Q & A, Hosts – SSAʼs Barbara Churchill, upon hearing of the Emperor,’ Captain Maerker shout- turned into a disaster. In just DeOliveira British disaster, determined to ed. one day of fighting, 60,000 ‘Hoch! Hoch! Hoch! soldiers fell before German 7/15-7/17 Bavarian Blast, New Ulm, MN, Parade, 10K& 2M work out a plan for destroying Run, music & more, for info, www.newulm.com Spee’s squadron. Churchill’s replied the men. ‘Our good and machine guns – the heaviest plan gave “for the first time brave Gneisenau,’ he shouted day’s casualties in British army 8/27 Noon-4:00 pm National Council Picnic, The crew began singing, history. German officers from Heckscher State Park, East Islip, NY one British admiral command details in next issue of one-half the British world.” although it was hard for one to then on described the British While on the attack off the hear another above the sound of army as: “Lions led by asses.” generals directing operations were ignorant of the Falkland Islands in December the British guns: Deutschland, Over a million German and weather and physical conditions of the battle- 1914, and with the squadron Deutschland uber alles, uber alles Allied men had been killed grounds. Consequently, there were times when the reduced to five cruisers, in der Welt…” during the battles of Verdun high command called for an offensive in an area Admiral von Spee became The Gneuisenau kept fir- and the Somme. that just received a heavy rain, which made the faced with an awesome and ing her guns until minutes before In the summer of fields a sea of mud. Attacking soldiers would get unexpected British armada: six she began to heel over. It was only 1916, Emperor Wilhelm II and bogged down in the mud making them easy targets enemy ships with guns twice then that her captain ordered the the German people were anx- for the enemy machine gunners. When the as large as the Germans had, in men overboard. ‘Almost immedi- ious for peace. So, the Kaiser, infantrymen attacked an enemy trench, they had to addition to being faster ves- ately the sea birds set about seek- as he was referred to at that first crawl up from the trenches over parapets, sels. ing prey. They swooped down on time, sent a secret memo to then lay down in front of jump-off tapes. Here Not even German the men clinging to floating debris Woodrow Wilson, requesting they would remain to await their officer’s zero courage could match the or each other to pluck at the eyes the American president to try hour whistles, exposed to enemy bombs exploding impossible odds. As the of the dead and dying. The men and mediate an end to the war. shrapnel all around them. Once the whistles enemy ships sailed in for the defended themselves as best they What the German and sounded, the soldiers ran the best they could slaughter, bugles and drums could with clubs and fists.” American people did not know through apron upon apron of thick barbed wire to were sounded, calling the The Italian campaign then, was that some peace lov- get at their adversaries, as pulsating machine gun 2,500 officers and men of the against Austria-Hungary was dis- ing influential Americans had fire constantly thinned out the advancing line. A Scharnhorst, Gneisnau, mal, for none of Rome’s offenses already made contact with the gain of 700 yards might have cost the lives of Leipzig, Dresden and amounted to much, despite Italy’s Allies, but had uncovered a thousands of men. Nurnberg to their battle sta- heavy losses: 500,000 men in reluctance by London and “The western front had become an endless tions. Farewells were said 1916 alone. In the Middle East, Paris to end the bloodshed. For inferno, a weird, grimy life unlike anything in the among the men to their closest Germany’s ally, Turkey, was wit- the Allies, only a complete vic- upbringing of the fighters….There were a few comrades. The Scharnhorst nessing its Ottoman Empire being tory was acceptable, because poignant reminders of prewar days – the birds that was first to be sunk, and with whittled away by the Anglo- their secret treaty commit- caroled over the lunar landscape each gray, watery her was Admiral von Spee, French forces and Arab volunteers ments could not be fulfilled dawn; the big yellow poplar forests behind the whose two sons, Heinrich and who were promised independence with a just peace. When front – but most sound and color was unearthly. Otto, also went down with for siding with the Allies against Wilhelm II asked the Allied Overhead, shells warbled endlessly; below, bullets their ships. Only the Dresden the Turks. London also promised leaders to at least stop the cracked and ricochets sang with an iron was able to escape destruction the Jews of the world a homeland killing on Christmas, they ring….Arriving draftees were shipped up in cattle and escape. Fighting bravely to in Palestine if they could influ- refused him. Yet, along the cars and marched over buckboard to their new the end, only 32 officers and ence their countrymen to enter the western front, on the war’s home in the earth, where everything revolved 150 sailors survived the sink- war on the Allied side - both first Christmas in 1914, an around the trench – you had a trench knife, a ing’s of the four ships. The last Anglo-French promises were unprecedented event occurred: trench cane, a rod-shaped trench periscope and if minutes aboard the Gneisenau: eventually broken. German and British soldiers on you were unlucky, trench foot, trench mouth, or “Rubble and broken In February 1916 both sides of the battle line left trench fever.” equipment was everywhere on Germany launched an all out their guns in the trenches and Beginning in 1915, Britain concentrated deck. The men were moving to offensive against French positions socialized in the “no man’s on making the naval blockade of Germany the port side of the ship, the along the western front, employ- land,” singing carols, sharing impregnable, thus not only hurting the latter’s war starboard side sinking all the ing methodical hammer-strokes their rations and they even effort, but its inclusion of foodstuffs as contraband time. Others were climbing out combined with calculated attacks played a soccer game. Upon was damaging the health of the German people, of gaping holes, coal black- having limited area objectives. hearing of this event, the for the Germans had always been a large importer ened men like so many prehis- Generalissimo Erich von British leaders were furious of food. Wilhelm II countered London’s cruel toric men emerging from their Falkenhayn ordered this offensive and punished those in charge. blockade by approving a brutal submarine war, hillside caves. But there was called the Battle of Verdun. Its Trench warfare. Since designating the waters around Great Britain a war no panic. Everyone was quiet objective was to drain France of 1914, both sides deployed the zone. London protested vainly that the submarine main body of their armies in war was a violation of international law, just as FOR INFO ON BECOMING A MEMBER: Steuben Society of deep trenches that ran for miles Berlin had earlier accused England of violating along the western front. America, One South Ocean Avenue, Suite 217, Patchogue, the law by blocking food bound for German Usually, army headquarters women and children. NY 11772 email: [email protected] or call were located in towns so far 631-730-5111 from the trench line, that the Contʼd next issue