Powerloom Co-Operative Societies in Malegaon
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POWERLOOM CO-OPERATIVE SOCIETIES IN MALEGAON BEINSISNORANT IS NOT SO MUCH A SHAME AS BEINS UNWILLING TO LEARN TO DO THINSS THE RISHT WAV BENJAMIN FRANKLIN Chapter No. V Power-Ioom co-operative societies in Malegaon Performance of Power-loom co-operative societies in Malegaon ‘'Malegaon is a Taluka place in the Nasik District O f Maharashtra State. ” Power-loom co-operative societies in Maharashtra Table 5.1; Power loom co-operative societies in Maharashtra District No District No District No District No District No Nasik 154 Pune Aurangabad 4 W ashim 4 Bhandara 19 Dhule 62 Sholapur 379 Jaina 0 Amravati 49 G ondia 0 N andurbar 9 Satara 23 Parbhani 2 Yavatmai 0 Chandrapur 6 Jalgaon 10 Sangli 106 Hingoli 1 W ardha 7 Gadchiroli 2 A hm ednager 19 K olhapur 355 Beed 17 N agpur 485 Total 1825 Source: Commissioner of co-operation, Maharashtra State. 2003-04 Table 5.2: District-wise Number of handloom co-operative societies District No. Of No. Of Number District No. Of No. Of Number Societies Handloo of Societies Handloo of ms members ms members Mumbai 05 922 451 Aurangabad 02 138 707 Thane --- Jalna - 165 20 Raigardh --- Parbhani 01 155 142 Sind’durg - 41 65 Beed 18 112 388 Ratnagiri --- N aded 24 532 1309 Total 05 963 516 Usmanabad 01 175 585 Nashik 07 5855 1522 Latur 02 147 719 Dhule 05 395 1010 Total 48 1394 3870 Jalgaon 04 949 994 Buldana 01 52 48 Ah'dnager 10 154 89 A kola 03 638 908 Total 26 7353 2815 A m ravati 06 833 2228 Pune 06 419 733 Yavatmai - 32 78 Satara 01 218 474 Total 10 1555 3262 Sangli 04 381 848 V ardha 07 133 332 Sholapur 175 12143 15241 N agpur 392 16141 40598 Kolhapur 17 413 258 Buldana 29 2489 5400 Total 203 13574 17554 Chandrapur 05 458 1124 Grand 728 44724 77475 G adchiroli 03 664 2004 Total Total 436 19885 49458 Source: The booi<iet Number of co-operative societies by the Registrar of Co-operative Societies. Nagpur. At the end of 2003. the state ofMaharshtra had 1.825 power loom co-operative societies. The highest number of societies was in Nagpur that is 485. second highest was in Sholapur 379. third 228 highest was in Kolhapur 355 and the fourth highest was in Nasik 154 societies. Nagpur, Sholapur and Kolhapur itself are power loom centers whereas in Nasik District Malegaon is the power loom center. Out of 154 power loom co-operative societies in Nasik. 98 are in Malegaon only. This shows the importance of Malegaon center. There are only 728 handloom co-operative societies as compared to 1.825 power loom co operative societies in Maharashtra. Highest number of handloom co-operative societies are again in Nagpur district and second highest in Sholapur. Nasik district has only 7 handloom co-operative societies. The two tables show that in Malegaon power loom co-operative societies are large in number. A large number of small weavers depend completely upon power looms. The success and failure of the power loom co-operative societies has the direct impact on their business and life. Nasik District: Nasik district is famous for historical reasons such as Godavari River, home of Ram-laxman. Ahliyabai Holkar. Today Nasik is known for Currency Printing Press of Government of India. Jet aircrafts and MIG manufactures at Ozer, near to Nasik. The district is also famous for Grapes and dairy products. Table 5.3: Details of Nasik District No. Particulars Details 1 Geographical Ares 15,530 sq. kms. 2 Rivers Godavari. Gima. Dorna, Kadva, Mosam, Kolvan 3 Average temperature 38.5 4 Average rainfall 100 cm 5 Talukas Nasik. Satana. Dev la. Malegaon, Surgana, Kalvan, Peth, Dindori. Chandvad, Nandgaon, Trimbak, Niphad, Yeola, Igatpuri, Sinner 6Villages 1749 7 Towns 15 8 Grampanchayats 1297 9 Municipalities 9 10 Police stations and outposts 61 11 Population 49,87,923 (Male2591980, Female2395943) 12 Literacy Ratio 75.10% 13 Area under agriculture 972800 hectors 14 Industrial Estates Satpur, Nasik, Ambad, Peth, Sinner 15 Medical institutes 191 16 Educational institutes Primary 3339, Secondary 525, Higher 123, 17 Road length 10371 kms. 18 Electrical villages 1742 19 Electrical towns 15 Source: Sndharb. Maharashtra State and District at a glance, page No 143. Year 2002 Chief compiler: Dr. K. K. Sharma, Intellectual Book Bureau Bhopal. 229 Malegaon Geographical Malegaon is in the northeast part ofN asik district. Its geographical area is 12.95 sq. kms. It is at a distance ot 108.63 kilometers away from the Nasik city. 'And 289 kilometers away from Mumbai. The city is situated at 20.6 latitude and 74.6 longitude, its total area is 1.93.800 hectors of land.^ The famous Bombay Agra National highway No.3 passes from the south and west ends of Malegaon. The city has two rivers called Maosam Nadi and Girna Nadi, which originate from Sahyadri ghats. These rivers do not supply drinking water to the city. The city gets drinking water from Koyna and Girna dams. Malegaon is in trough sloping eastward between the elevations 300- 450 meters. Malegaon is the biggest populated taluka ofNasik district. The nearest railway station Manmad, is 36 kilometers away. The density of population in 1991 was 26,455 per square kms. Aurangabad, the city named after the last Moghul emperor Aurangzeb is at 127 kilometers away in the northeast of Malegaon and the famous chocolate village Ravalgaon is just 18 kilometers from Malegaon. Dabhadi, the sugar factory is only at 6 kilometers distance. The nearest city is Dhuliya, which is 51 km. away. This tahsil is well connected to the other parts of the state by road. Malegaon consists of three distinct parts Viz. The older quarter of the city, the Camp and the Sangameshwar village on the left bank of the Mosam river and connected with the rest of the town by a causeway across the river. Malegaon taluka consists of 136 villages. It has hot winters and very cold summers. It recorded lowest temperature as low as 2 degree Celsius. December and January are cold and May is the hottest month of the year. The city recorded 47.7 degree Celsius in 1916 and minimum heat of 0.6 degree Celsius in January 1935. Malegaon witnesses lower than average rainfall. It is because it is located on the leeward side of the Sahyadri ranges, that is Salher. Mulher. Nilva. Vani and Satmal Ankai hills. Because of the low rainfall, the main crops of the area are Bajra Jaw ar and sugarcane. Socio-Economic Profile In Malegaon main source of employment is the power loom industry. According to the 1991 census, Malegaon is classified as an industrial city. 62 per cent of main workers are employed in industries, reflecting the prominence of the power loom industr> in the city. Muslims form a large proportion of those employed in weaving units, which produce gray cloths. ' Distance from villages to villages in Nasik district. Government publication. 1972. Page 72 ■ Nasik district, Statistical Department. Table No. 10 BO fn Malegaon city, a considerable proportion of the population lives in slums with lack of basic amenities such as drinking water, toilet facilities and even electric connections. In 1991. the number of hospitals was 3 and dispensaries 5. In addition, there were 6 health clinics and 2 family planning centers. The number of beds in medical institutions was just 64. This shows the poor medical facilities in Malegaon city. In 1991, the literacy rate in Malegaon was 56%. 62 percent for males and 49 percent for females. For urban Maharashtra, the literacy rates were 79% for the entire population and 86% and 71%. for males and females respectively. Comparatively, literacy rate in Malegaon is much lower. According to the 1991 census, Muslims formed around three-fourths of the total population of Malegaon. The next major community was Hindu. In 1991. Malegaon had a very small proportion of SC. and ST population. 2.87 and 1.52 percent respectively. Table 5.4: Malegaon general knowledge N o. Y ear Information 1 Geographical Setting 20.6 Latitude and 74.6 Longitude, total Area 193.800 hectors. It contains 136 villages. 108.63 kilometers away from Nasik. Nearest railway station Manmad at a distance of 35 kilometers. Aurangabad is at a distance of 127 kilometers. 2 1740 The Fort of Malegaon built 1818 British captured the fort 4 1863 Malegaon municipality formed 5 1869 First municipal hospital started 6 1881 First municipal Marathi school started 7 1903 Judiciary (Adalat) started 8 1903 Urdu library formed 9 1915 Handloom with shuttle started 10 1915 First printing press started 11 1921 City police station formed 12 1924 First post office started 13 1926 Mamledar Kacheri started 14 1927 First school for Muslim girls formed 15 1927 Municipal school board formed 16 1933 Power loom started. 17 1935 First Leathu press started. 18 1935 Power house formed 19 1938 First earthquake recorded. 20 1952 Telephone started. 21 1953 Water pipe connections established. 231 22 Pandit Nahru Visited. (Twice) Dr. Rajendra Prasad Prominent Visitors Gandhiji Khan Abdul Gaffar Khan Indira Gandhi (Thrice) Mauiana Mohammed Ali Jawhar Morarji Desai Dilip Kumar Mohammed Rati 23 Municipal Primary Schools Urdu Medium 88 Marathi Medium: 22 24 Private primary schools 22 25 High Schools /Night schools 21/02 26 Libraries 10 27 News Papers Total 16 Urdu 10 Marathi 6 28 Clim ate Low 0.06 (Jan. 1935) High 47.7(May 1916) 29 Tahsil Villages 150 T ow ns 2 30 Language (Mother Tongue) Muslims- Urdu Hindus- Marathi 31 Main Occupation in the city Power loom Source: Compiled by the researcher Historical It is interesting to relate how Malegaon became a Muslim-majority city.