DOCSLIB.ORG

Dracaena Reflexa „Variegata‟

Total Page：16

File Type：pdf, Size：1020Kb

Download full-text PDF Read full-text
Dracaena Reflexa „Variegata‟ Int.J.Curr.Microbiol.App.Sci (2019) 8(2): 3394-3400 International Journal of Current Microbiology and Applied Sciences ISSN: 2319-7706 Volume 8 Number 02 (2019) Journal homepage: http://www.ijcmas.com Original Research Article https://doi.org/10.20546/ijcmas.2019.802.395 Studies on the Effect of Alternate Media on Growth of “Dracaena reflexa „Variegata‟ M.V. Kavipriya1, A. Sankari1* and D. Jegadeswari2 1Department of Floriculture and Landscaping, Tamil Nadu Agricultural University, Coimbatore, Tamil Nadu, India 2Soil Science and Agricultural Chemistry, Tamil Nadu Agricultural University, Coimbatore, Tamil Nadu, India *Corresponding author ABSTRACT K e yw or ds Investigation was carried out during 2017 - 18 to study the effect of alternate media on “Dracaena reflexa growth of “Dracaena reflexa ‘Variegata’ at Department of Floriculture and Landscaping, ‘Variegata’, Coimbatore. The pot experiment was laid out under shade net condition, with eight set of Growing media, treatments comprising various combinations of soil, sand, vermicompost, coco peat, rice coco peat, husk, biochar, perlite and microbial consortia. From the media combinations studied, the Vermicompost treatment involving soil (25%) + coco peat (50%) + vermicompost (15%) + sand (10%) was found to be best consortia for number of leaves, leaf length, leaf width, leaf area, Article Info chlorophyll content at 150 days after planting. Medium containing coco peat (75%) + rice Accepted: husk (10%) + vermicompost (15%) was found to be best with respect to root length, root 22 January 2019 spread and number of primary roots respectively. Available Online: 10 February 2019 Introduction potted ornamental plants significantly (Vendrame et al., 2005). Though garden soil Dracaena reflexa ‘Variegata’ is widely grown is the most readily available growing medium, ornamental potted plant under subtropical and owing to its bulkiness and competency from tropical climates throughout the world. the field of construction and agriculture the ‘Variegata’ is due to its variegated forms availability is greatly reduced for the which make it unusual and excellent production of potted plants. In order to reduce specimen plant that can be used as indoor the cost of production and make them more foliage plant for interiorscape in homes, adaptable for various conditions research on offices, hotels, airport lounges and shopping alternative substrates is of great interest and malls. several alternatives have been proposed which In the commercial indoor plant production, a are mainly available as agricultural and forest variety of growing media are used worldwide by products viz., paddy husk, coco peat. and are known to influence the value of 3394 Int.J.Curr.Microbiol.App.Sci (2019) 8(2): 3394-3400 Materials and Methods (2014) where it was reported that highest nutrient uptake may be the reason for the This study was carried out under shade net highest plant height. house (75 % shade) at the Botanic Garden, Department of Floriculture and Landscaping, Leaves serve as an index for measurement of Tamil Nadu Agricultural University, vegetative growth and in determining the Coimbatore. The experiment was laid out in yield potential (Ganesh et al., 2014). The completely randomized design, with eight set growing media T4 with combination of soil of treatments and replicated three times. (25%) + coco peat (50%) + vermicompost Uniformly sized plants were collected and (15%) + Sand (10%) proved to be highly planted at the centre of the pots of 25 cm significant for foliage characters viz., number diameter earthern pots with one plant per pot. of leaves (32.50), leaf area (22.92 cm2), leaf Observations on vegetative parameters like length (14.14cm) and leaf width (2.87cm) in plant height, plant spread, number of leaves, Dracaena reflexa ‘Variegata’. Regarding to leaf length, leaf width and chlorophyll content other foliage characters like least leaf was recorded at monthly intervals (Table 1). production interval (9 days), leaf fresh weight Root parameters like root length, root spread (2.46 g) and leaf dry weight (0.72 g) was and number of primary roots were recorded at recorded maximum in media combination of 150 DAP. T4 {Native soil (25%) + Coco peat (50%) + Vermicompost (15%) + Sand (10%)}. Microbial consortia - Azophos + Pseudomonas fluorescens + More number of leaves was due to aeration Methylobacterium spp. (PPFM) - 2% was made available by sand and nutrient status applied as a common practice to all the provided by both coco peat and treatments except to control. vermicompost. More number of leaves reflect good vigor and their suitability to Results and Discussion environment and growth media. Increased number of leaves on media amended with The effect of media growing media on vermicompost in lilium Asiatic hybrid vegetative parameters of Draceana reflexa ‘Navona’ has reported by Moghadam et al., variegate is presented in Table 1. Significant 2012). differences were noticed for all the vegetative characters under study. Leaf length and width is a vital parameter that has a direct influence on the quality of the cut Influence of growing media on vegetative foliage. In case of length and width of the parameters. Plant height and spread is an leaves, the plants in treatment soil (25%) + important character considering the foliages coco peat (50%) + vermicompost (15%) + growing in indoor conditions. Plant height sand (10%) found with the highest leaf length (35.50 cm) and plant spread (N-S 27.00 cm, (14.14 cm) and width (2.87 cm).This might be E-W 30.12 cm) performed superior in the associated with essential nutrients present in plants grown in media consortia T4 {Native coco peat and vermicompost (Vettical et al., soil (25%) + Coco peat (50%) + 2016). The reason is due to the high organic Vermicompost (15%) + Sand (10%)}. Similar matter content which increases the water and effect of increased plant height in media with nutrient holding capacity of the medium and coco peat, vermicompost and sand was also due to the presence of high N content recorded in Aglaonema by Swetha et al., which plays a vital role in the vegetative 3395 Int.J.Curr.Microbiol.App.Sci (2019) 8(2): 3394-3400 growth of the plant. It also contains highest P vermicompost (15%).Coco peat helps in and K, which improves the utilization maintaining the appropriate texture of the capacity of the plant. This was in line with the growing media and prevents compaction, findings of Baskaran, Abirami, Simhachalam, thereby resulting in better root growth and and Norman, (2016) in chrysanthemum shoot growth. This might be also due to the (Dendranthema grandiflora Tzvelev.). higher water holding capacity, aeration and available organic matter content of the coco The growing media T4 with combination of peat medium (Nair and Bharathi, 2015). soil (25%) + coco peat (50%) + vermicompost (15%) + Sand (10%) proved highly Vermicompost is a rich source of mineral significant for leaf area (22.92 cm2). Leaf area nutrition and its addition to media increases is considered to be an important character quality by increasing microbial activity and determining the capacity of plant to trap solar microbial biomass which are the key energy for photosynthesis which has marked components in nutrient cycling and effect on growth of plant. Increased leaf area production of plant growth regulators. This will cause the net assimilation rate increases might have resulted in increased length of so that the rate of growth also gets increased. longest root. Similar result was reported by Maximum number of leaves with larger leaf Shirol, Kulkarni, Reddy, Kanamadi, and area was also found in lilium cultivars grown Thammaih, (2001) in dwarf poinsettia on medium amended with coco peat (Nikrazm (Euphorbia pulcherrima) recorded maximum et al., 2011). Leaf chlorophyll content greatly root development with vermicompost and depends upon leaf size and area. Plants sand. having more leaf area had the highest number Physiological parameters viz., photosynthetic of chlorophyll contents (0.60 mg g-1) which rate (3.44 µmol m-2s-1), transpiration rate might have helped to enhance photosynthetic (1.28 mmol m-2s-1), leaf temperature (36.33 activities. The increase in chlorophyll 0C), total chlorophyll content (0.605 mg g-1), contents is mainly due to the assimilation of soluble protein (87.69 mg g-1) and nitrogen from the growing substances epicuticular wax (8.50 µg cm-2) was highest (Hussain et al., 2017). Similar findings in media combination of T {Native soil reported by (Saleem et al., 2015). 4 (25%) + Coco peat (50%) + Vermicompost (15%) + Sand (10%)}. The highest level of Influence of growing media on root available nitrogen (162 kg ha-1), available parameters phosphorus (30.00 kg ha-1) and available potassium (152 kg ha-1) at the end of the study A good growing substrate affects the was observed in media T {Native soil (25%) development of extensive root system 4 + Coco peat (50%) + Vermicompost (15%) + positively, providing sufficient anchorage to Sand (10%)}. plant and allows gaseous exchange between plant roots and atmosphere (Abad, Noguera, Quality parameters viz., days taken for leaf Puchades, Maquieira, and Noguera, 2002). In senescence (38.75 days) and vase life (14.50 the present study, root parameters viz., root days) was observed maximum in the media length (29.07cm), root spread (22.16 cm in containing T4 {Native soil (25%) + Coco peat NS and 21.66 cm in EW) and number of (50%) + Vermicompost (15%) + Sand primary roots (6.33 nos.) has significantly (10%)}. increased
Load more

Recommended publications
  • Observations of Pallas's Long-Tongued Bat, Glossophaga Soricina
    Copyright© nov 2017- fev 2018 do(s) autor(es). Publicado pela ESFA [on line] http://www.naturezaonline.com.br Silva SSP, Guedes PG, Fagundes TMC e Silva AF. Observations of Pallas’s long-tongued bat, Glossophaga soricina (Pallas, 1766) (Chiroptera, Glossopha- ginae), visiting Dracaena reflexa Lam (Aspargaceae) flowers in an urban area of Rio de Janeiro (Brazil) Natureza online 15 (3): 007-013 Submetido em: 13/12/2016 Revisado em: 21/02/2017 Aceito em: 28/06/2017 Observations of Pallas’s long-tongued bat, Glossophaga soricina (Pallas, 1766) (Chiroptera, Glossophaginae), visiting Dracaena reflexa Lam (Aspargaceae) flowers in an urban area of Rio de Janeiro (Brazil) Observações do morcego beija-flor, Glossophaga soricina (Pallas, 1766) (Chiroptera, Glossophaginae), visitando flores de Dracaena reflexa Lam (Aspargaceae) numa área urbana do Rio de Janeiro (Brasil) Shirley Seixas Pereira da Silva1*, Patrícia Gonçalves Guedes1,3, Tatiana Maria Costa Fagundes2 e Ademar Ferreira da Silva2 1 Instituto Resgatando o Verde, Rua Tirol, 536, sala 609, Jacarepaguá, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, 22750-009. 2 Fundação Téc- nico-Educacional Souza Marques, Rio de Janeiro, RJ. 3 Departamento de Vertebrados, Museu Nacional - UFRJ, Rio de Janeiro, RJ. * Autor para correspondência: [email protected] Resumo O Gênero Dracaena reúne 40 espécies de ár- morcegos visitantes das flores, foram estendidas re- vores e arbustos, nativos da África, Madagascar, Ilhas des de neblina próximas aos vegetais em floração. Maurício, sul da Ásia e América Central. Dracaena Isto resultou na captura de oito espécimes de Glosso- reflexa Lam é uma espécie exótica arbórea nativa de phaga soricina (Pallas, 1766). Esses Glossophaginae Madagascar e ilhas próximas, com aproximadamente abordaram as flores por meio de breves voos, quando quatro a seis metros de altura, amplamente utilizada no tocaram os órgãos reprodutivos das flores com a por- paisagismo urbano e decoração de interiores.
    [Show full text]
  • Ornamental Garden Plants of the Guianas, Part 3
    ; Fig. 170. Solandra longiflora (Solanaceae). 7. Solanum Linnaeus Annual or perennial, armed or unarmed herbs, shrubs, vines or trees. Leaves alternate, simple or compound, sessile or petiolate. Inflorescence an axillary, extra-axillary or terminal raceme, cyme, corymb or panicle. Flowers regular, or sometimes irregular; calyx (4-) 5 (-10)- toothed; corolla rotate, 5 (-6)-lobed. Stamens 5, exserted; anthers united over the style, dehiscing by 2 apical pores. Fruit a 2-celled berry; seeds numerous, reniform. Key to Species 1. Trees or shrubs; stems armed with spines; leaves simple or lobed, not pinnately compound; inflorescence a raceme 1. S. macranthum 1. Vines; stems unarmed; leaves pinnately compound; inflorescence a panicle 2. S. seaforthianum 1. Solanum macranthum Dunal, Solanorum Generumque Affinium Synopsis 43 (1816). AARDAPPELBOOM (Surinam); POTATO TREE. Shrub or tree to 9 m; stems and leaves spiny, pubescent. Leaves simple, toothed or up to 10-lobed, to 40 cm. Inflorescence a 7- to 12-flowered raceme. Corolla 5- or 6-lobed, bluish-purple, to 6.3 cm wide. Range: Brazil. Grown as an ornamental in Surinam (Ostendorf, 1962). 2. Solanum seaforthianum Andrews, Botanists Repository 8(104): t.504 (1808). POTATO CREEPER. Vine to 6 m, with petiole-tendrils; stems and leaves unarmed, glabrous. Leaves pinnately compound with 3-9 leaflets, to 20 cm. Inflorescence a many- flowered panicle. Corolla 5-lobed, blue, purple or pinkish, to 5 cm wide. Range:South America. Grown as an ornamental in Surinam (Ostendorf, 1962). Sterculiaceae Monoecious, dioecious or polygamous trees and shrubs. Leaves alternate, simple to palmately compound, petiolate. Inflorescence an axillary panicle, raceme, cyme or thyrse.
    [Show full text]
  • Echter's 2007 Indoor Plant List
    Echter's Indoor Plant List ABUTILON ASSORTED ABUTILON ASSORTED PATIO TREE ACALYPHA CHENILLE BASKET ACALYPHA CHENILLE HB ACALYPHA FIRE DRAGON ACALYPHA TRICOLOR ADENIUM OBESUM ADENIUM OBESUM DESERT ROSE AEONIUM BLACK ROSE AEONIUM VARIEGATED AESCHYNANTHUS LIPSTICK AFRICAN VIOLET AGAPANTHUS ALBUS AGAPANTHUS MIDNIGHT BLUE AGAPANTHUS PETER PAN AGAPANTHUS QUEEN ANNE AGAPANTHUS STORM CLOUD AGAPANTHUS STREAMLINE AGAPANTHUS SUMMER GOLD AGLAONEMA ABIDJAN AGLAONEMA ASSORTED AGLAONEMA BAY ASSORTED AGLAONEMA CECILIA AGLAONEMA COSMOS AGLAONEMA CRISTINA AGLAONEMA DIAMOND BAY AGLAONEMA EMERALD BAY AGLAONEMA EMERALD BEAUTY AGLAONEMA GOLDEN MADONNA AGLAONEMA HYBRID AGLAONEMA JEWEL OF INDIA AGLAONEMA JUBILEE AGLAONEMA MARIA CHRISTINE AGLAONEMA MARY LOU AGLAONEMA PAINTED PRINCESS Call for daily availability or to special order a particular variety not on this list. Echter's Indoor Plant List AGLAONEMA SAN REMO AGLAONEMA SILVER BAY AGLAONEMA SILVER MOON AGLAONEMA SILVER QUEEN AGLAONEMA SILVERADO AGLAONEMA STARS AGLAONEMA STRIPES ALLAMANDA BROWN BUD TRELLIS ALLAMANDA CHERRY JUBILEE TRELLIS ALLAMANDA YELLOW ALOCASIA BLACK VELVET ALOCASIA POLLY ALOE VERA ALSTROEMERIA ASSORTED ALYOGYNE PURPLE DELIGHT TREE AMARANTH HOPI RED DYE AMARYLLIS ASST. ANGELICA ASSORTED ANIGOZANTHUS KANGAROO PAW ANISE HYSSOP ANISODONTIA ELEGANT LADY ANNUAL ASSORTED ANNUAL RED HOT POT ANTHURIUM ASSORTED APHELANDRA WHITE CLOUD APHELANDRA ZEBRA APHELANDRA ZEBRA PLANT APPLE GOLDEN SENTINEL APPLE SCARLET SENTINEL ARABICA COFFEE PLANT ARABICA COFFEE TREE ARALIA ASSORTED ARALIA BALFOUR ARALIA BALFOURIANA ARALIA BIANCA Call for daily availability or to special order a particular variety not on this list. Echter's Indoor Plant List ARALIA BLACK ARALIA CASTOR ARALIA CELERY LEAF ARALIA CHICKEN GIZZARD ARALIA CHINENSIS ARALIA ELEGANTISSIMA ARALIA FABIAN ARALIA FALSE ARALIA LEMON ARALIA MING ARALIA MING CANE ARALIA ROBIE ARAUCARIA NORFOLK ISL.
    [Show full text]
  • Biomechanics of Selected Arborescent and Shrubby Monocotyledons
    Biomechanics of selected arborescent and shrubby monocotyledons Tom Masselter*, Tobias Haushahn, Samuel Fink and Thomas Speck Full Research Paper Open Access Address: Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2016, 7, 1602–1619. Plant Biomechanics Group, Botanic Garden, Faculty of Biology, doi:10.3762/bjnano.7.154 University of Freiburg, Schänzlestraße 1, D-79104 Freiburg im Breisgau, Germany Received: 01 June 2016 Accepted: 01 October 2016 Email: Published: 07 November 2016 Tom Masselter* - [email protected] This article is part of the Thematic Series "Biological and biomimetic * Corresponding author materials and surfaces". Keywords: Guest Editor: S. N. Gorb arborescent monocotyledons; biomechanics; biomimetics; Dracaena; functional morphology © 2016 Masselter et al.; licensee Beilstein-Institut. License and terms: see end of document. Abstract Main aims of the study are a deepened understanding of the mechanically relevant (ultra-)structures and the mechanical behaviour of various arborescent and shrubby monocotyledons and obtaining the structure–function relationships of different structurally conspicuous parts in Dracaena marginata stems. The stems of five different “woody” monocotyledon species were dissected and the mechanical properties of the most noticeable tissues in the five monocotyledons and, additionally, of individual vascular bundles in D. marginata, were tested under tensile stress. Results for Young’s moduli and density of these tissues were assessed as well as the area, critical strain, Young’s modulus and tensile strength of the vascular bundles in Dracaena marginata. These analyses allowed for generating a model for the mechanical interaction of tissues and vascular bundles of the stem in D. marginata as well as filling major “white spots” in property charts for biological materials.
    [Show full text]
  • Non-Random Seed Dispersal by Lemur Frugivores
    RICE UNIVERSITY Nonrandom Seed Dispersal by Lemur Frugivores: Mechanism, Patterns and Impacts by Onja Harinala F.E. Razafindratsima A THESIS SUBMITTED IN PARTIAL FULFILLMENT OF THE REQUIREMENTS FOR THE DEGREE Doctor of Philosophy APPROVED, THESIS COMMITTEE: ArnyU! Dunham, Chair Assistant Professor of BioScienees Volker H. Associate Professor of BioScienees Evan Siemann Harry C. and Olga K. Wiess Professor of BioScienees Caroline A. Masiello Associate Professor of Earth Science _ Elizabeth M. Erhart Department Chair and Associate Professor of Anthropology TSU San Marcos HOUSTON, TEXAS March 2015 ABSTRACT Nonrandom Seed Dispersal by Lemur Frugivores: Mechanism, Patterns and Impacts by Onja Harinala F.E. Razafindratsima Frugivores act as seed-dispersal agents in many ecosystems. Thus, understanding the roles and impacts of frugivore-mediated seed dispersal on plant spatial structure and plant-plant associations is important to understand the structure of plant communities. Frugivore-mediated seed dispersal is behaviorally driven, generating nonrandom patterns of seed dispersion; but, we know relatively little about how this might affect plant populations or communities. I examined how frugivores affected plants from the individual level to the population and community levels. I used modeling, trait-based and phylogenetic approaches combined with field observations and experiments, focusing on seed dispersal by three frugivorous lemur species in the biodiverse rainforest of Ranomafana National Park, Madagascar. An analysis of traits suggested that 84% of trees in Ranomafana are adapted for animal dispersal, of which 74% are dispersed by these three lemur species, indicating their role as generalist dispersers. The distribution of fruit and seed size of bird-dispersed species was nested within the wide spectrum of size distribution associated with lemur dispersal.
    [Show full text]
  • Pharmacognostic and Antioxidant Properties of Dracaena Sanderiana Leaves
    antioxidants Article Pharmacognostic and Antioxidant Properties of Dracaena sanderiana Leaves Mei Gee Ong 1, Siti Nur Aishah Mat Yusuf 2 and Vuanghao Lim 2,* 1 School of Health Sciences, Health Campus, Universiti Sains Malaysia, Kubang Kerian 16150, Malaysia; [email protected] 2 Integrative Medicine Cluster, Advanced Medical and Dental Institute, Universiti Sains Malaysia, Kepala Batas 13200, Malaysia; [email protected] * Correspondence: [email protected]; Tel.: +60-4-562-2427; Fax: +60-4-562-2349 Academic Editors: Farid Chemat and Maryline Abert-Vian Received: 11 July 2016; Accepted: 16 August 2016; Published: 20 August 2016 Abstract: Endogenous and exogenous antioxidants are used to neutralise free radicals and protect the body from free radicals by maintaining the redox balance. The antioxidant properties of Dracaena sanderiana leaves were evaluated using the 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) assay, and the total phenolic and flavonoid contents were measured. The classes of secondary metabolites were evaluated through pharmacognostic studies, and active compounds were identified by gas chromatography mass-spectrometry (GC-MS). All ethanol-water extracts and D. sanderiana leaf powder were positive for tannins, saponins, terpenoids, cardiac glycosides, and quinones. Flavonoids were present in 100%, 80%, 60%, and 40% ethanol extracts (E100, E80, E60, and E40). E100 showed the highest total flavonoid content, whereas E60 extract showed the highest antioxidant activity and total phenolic content. GC-MS revealed the presence of glycerol, 2,3-dihydro-3,5-dihydroxy-6-methyl-(4H)-pyran-4-one, n-dodecanoic acid, tetradecanoid acid, (n-) hexadecanoid acid, and n-octadecanoic acid in the E60 extract. Keywords: Dracaena sanderiana; antioxidant; DPPH; Total phenolic content (TPC); Total flavonoid content (TFC) 1.
    [Show full text]
  • DRACAENA (Asparagaceae, Nolinoideae)
    FLORA ORNAMENTAL ESPAÑOLA Las plantas cultivadas en la España peninsular e insular DRACAENA (Asparagaceae, Nolinoideae) (Contenido que habría sido publicado en el tomo X) José Manuel Sánchez de Lorenzo-Cáceres © 2017 www.arbolesornamentales.es Las especies del género Dracaena L. cultivadas en España © 2017 José Manuel Sánchez de Lorenzo-Cáceres www.arbolesornamentales.es Dentro del amplio y variado mundo de las plantas de interior, las drácenas, término hortícola comercial que incluye plantas de los géne- ros Dracaena y Cordyline, ocupan un lugar destacado en cuanto a popularidad, debido principalmente a la facilidad de su cultivo y a la notable ornamentación de sus hojas, matizadas de forma variada según las distintas especies y cultivares. Pero las drácenas no se utili- zan únicamente como plantas de interior, ya que en zonas de clima templado y subtropical (Zonas de rusticidad 9 a 11) algunas de ellas se cultivan tam- bién en plena tierra y al aire libre, pues soportan bajas temperaturas siempre que éstas no persistan durante mucho tiempo o se produzcan heladas. En este trabajo nos ocuparemos del género Dracaena L., dejando el género Cordyline para un posterior artículo. A lo largo de la historia de la Botánica, el género Dracaena estuvo durante muchos años encuadrado en la familia Liliaceae, según los sistemas propuestos por Bentham & Hooker (1883) y Engler et al. (1914). Posteriormente, Hutchinson (1934) y Cronquist (1988), lo incluyen en la familia Agavaceae, y modernamente, tras el comienzo de los estudios filogéneticos, ha recibido otros tratamientos, primero encuadrándolo en la familia Dracaenaceae, según los sistemas de Dahlgren et al.(1985), Bolger & Simson (1996) y Bos (1998) y, más tarde, en la familia Convallariaceae y Ruscaceae, según Fay et al.
    [Show full text]
  • The Rediscovery of the Presumed-Extinct Dracaena Umbraculifera
    A botanical mystery solved by phylogenetic analysis of botanical garden collections: the rediscovery of the presumed-extinct Dracaena umbraculifera C HRISTINE E. EDWARDS,BURGUND B ASSÜNER,CHRIS B IRKINSHAW C HRISTIAN C AMARA,ADOLPHE L EHAVANA,PORTER P. LOWRY II, JAMES S. MILLER A NDREW W YATT and P ETER W YSE J ACKSON Abstract Extinction is the complete loss of a species, but the discoveries and the importance of documenting and con- accuracy of that status depends on the overall information serving the flora of Madagascar. about the species. Dracaena umbraculifera was described Keywords Botanical garden, Dracaena reflexa, Dracaena in from a cultivated plant attributed to Mauritius, but umbraculifera, extinction, living collections, Madagascar, repeated surveys failed to relocate it and it was categorized as Mauritius, phylogeny reconstruction Extinct on the IUCN Red List. However, several individuals labelled as D. umbraculifera grow in botanical gardens, sug- gesting that the species’ IUCN status may be inaccurate. The goal of this study was to understand ( ) where D. umbracu- Introduction lifera originated, () which species are its close relatives, () whether it is extinct, and () the identity of the botanical xtinction is the complete and total loss of all individuals garden accessions and whether they have conservation Eof a species. In practice, extinction can be defined as ‘the value. We sequenced a cpDNA region of Dracaena from permanent absence of current and future records of a spe- Mauritius, botanical garden accessions labelled as D. um- cies’ (Ladle et al., ). Although this is a relatively straight- braculifera, and individuals confirmed to be D. umbraculi- forward concept, accurately determining and proving that a fera based on morphology, one of which is a living plant in a species is extinct is far from straightforward.
    [Show full text]
  • Mutation Induction As a Tool for Varietal Development in Ornamental Plants
    MY0101567 MUTATION INDUCTION AS A TOOL FOR VARIETAL DEVELOPMENT IN ORNAMENTAL PLANTS Mohd Nazir Basiran Agrotechnology and Biosciences Division Malaysian Institute for Nuclear Technology Research (MINT) Abstrak Walaupun perkembangan terkini dalam bioteknologi telah membawa perubahan terhadap pendekatan biakbaka moden, teknik-teknik mutasi aruhan masih lagi tetap digunakan sebagai teknik pelengkap. Pengalaman MINT dalam penggunaan teknik tersebut untuk pembiakbakaan varieti tanaman hiasan telah meningkatkan kepelbagaian genetik beberapa spesi tanaman hiasan, menghasilkan duabelas kultivar mutan baru serta membangunkan sistem kultur tisu yang berkesan untuk enam spesi tanaman hiasan yang mampu digunakan sebagai pelengkap prosidur mutagenesis in vitro dan perambatan-mikro. Teknologi dan kepakaran yang dibangunkan telah sedia untuk dipindahkan kepada industri fiorikultur. Gunasama keupayaan dan kapasiti antara institusi penyelidikan dan sektor swasta adalah satu pendekatan yang berupaya untuk meningkatkan dan menjamin kemampanan jangka panjang industri fiorikultur. Abstract Although the current advancement in biotechnology has tremendously change the modern breeding approach, the induced mutation techniques is still very much in use as complementary tools. MINT experiences in using the techniques for varietal development in ornamental plants has helped to increase genetic variabilities in several ornamental plant species, produced twelve new mutant cultivars as well as developed efficient tissue culture system for six ornamental plant species as tool for in vitro mutagenesis procedures and micropropagation. The technology and expertise that have been established are ready for transfer to the floriculture industry. Sharing of capability and capacity between research institutions and private sector is one possible way of improving and maintaining long-term sustenance of the floriculture industry. Introduction The advent of biotechnology has greatly accelerated the commercialisation of research findings.
    [Show full text]
  • Let's Talk Dracaena
    HOT TROPICS raceana are one of the most popular and diverse families in the ornamental plant world. From small to large, there is a type of dracaena to fit your conditions and needs. In addition to the different sizes, there are also a large range of plants from green to variegations with many different Dcolors. Some of the most common species are deremensis, fragrans, reflexa and sanderiana. GROWING DRACAENA Dracaena are typically propagated by vegetative methods which can incorporate many different processes. The most common types are tip cuttings, stem cuttings, air layers, as well as cane production depending on the species. In all methods, rooting is a relatively easy process for dracaena. The addition of IBA will aid in better rooting. The most common insect issues for dracaena are mites, mealy bugs, scale and thrips. The most common disease issues to look out for are Fusarium and Erwinia. Let's Talk In addition, dracaena can also be very sensitive to fluoride toxicity. If you are using city water for irrigation, the fluoride injected can cause tip burn on the dracaena leaves. Symptoms of this toxicity include tip and margin burn. Avoid using fertilizers that contain superphosphate as they typically have higher levels of fluorine. BY ANDREW BRITTEN The soil mix for dracaena should be well drained. To avoid rot, plants should be allowed to dry between irrigations. The humidity for dracaena should be Dracaena maintained above 40%. If the humidity does drop below 40%, plants can benefit from an occasional misting of the foliage. This will be more of an issue at the customer level, than the production facility.
    [Show full text]
  • 2020 National Collegiate Landscape Competition Interior Plant ID List Michigan State University – East Lansing, MI
    Updated 12/02/2019 2020 National Collegiate Landscape Competition Interior Plant ID List Michigan State University – East Lansing, MI Reminders for students about scientific names: 1) Genus names are always capitalized. 2) The specific epithet (species name) always starts with a lower-case letter. 3) Cultivar names are always capitalized and enclosed within single quotes. 4) Common names begin with lower-case letters; however, proper nouns are capitalized; i.e. Norfolk Island pine; Christmas palm; African milk tree; English ivy, Buddhist pine 5) The cultivar name is considered a proper name because it is a specific selection of the species or hybrid; it often becomes part of the common name and continues to be capitalized; i.e. Sparkling Sarah aglaonema; Tropic Snow dumbcane; Colorama dracaena 6) Technically, there is no space between the hybrid sign “x” and the specific epithet; a space has been used in this list for the sake of clarity: i.e. Alocasia xamazonica = Alocasia x amazonica 7) Because numerous species are used and sometimes the exact species is not always known, “spp.” is written following the genus name in lower case letters (as shown on the list). 8) In the case of many hybrids and/or cultivars, the words “Hybrids” or “Hybrid Cultivars,” etc. (as shown) is listed following the genus name. 9) Information in parentheses, synonym scientific names, plant patent numbers, and plant groupings, do not need to be memorized. 10) Although genus and species names are generally italicized while cultivar names are not, you will not be required to italicize scientific names. All names must be written in legible print; no cursive and no all- caps.
    [Show full text]
  • Dracaena, Pleomele, and Sansavieria (Asparagaceae)
    SYSTEMATICS, EVOLUTION, AND BIOGEOGRAPHY AMONG DRACAENOID GENERA: DRACAENA, PLEOMELE, AND SANSAVIERIA (ASPARAGACEAE) A DISSERTATION SUBMITTED TO THE GRADUATE DIVISION OF THE UNIVERSITY OF HAWAI‘I AT MANOA IN PARTIAL FULFILLMENT OF THE REQUIREMENTS FOR THE DEGREE OF DOCTOR OF PHILOSOPHY IN BOTANY MAY 2012 By Pei-Luen Lu DISSERTATION COMMITTEE: Clifford W. Morden, Chairperson Stacy Jørgensen Sterling C. Keeley Will C. McClatchey Thomas A. Ranker Key words: Chrysodracon , Dracaena , Pleomele , Sansevieria , phylogenetics, population genetics i ACKNOWLEDGEMENT I want to thank all of my committee members who advised me these past five years. A Special thank you to my advisor, Dr. Clifford Morden, who gave me careful and useful scientific training. Thank you to the Botany Department, East-West Center, and University of Hawaii for their support. In addition, I would like to thank research cooperators: Dr. Paul Wilkin (RBG, Kew), Dr. Mark Carine (NHM); population genetics cooperators: Hank Oppenheimer (Maui PEP), Nick Agorastos (NARS); sample collection facilitators and research consultants: Dr. John L. Griffis, Dr. David Lorence, Dr. Joanne Birch, Dr. Mark Merlin, Dr. Shelley James, Dr. Yeong Han Lau, Dr. Huang-Chi Huang, Dr. Chelsea D. Specht , Dr. Don Drake, Dr. Michael Thomas, Dr. Akira Kurihara, Dr. Thomas Wayt, Dr. Ramona Oviedo Prieto, Dr. Sita Roosita Ariati, Dr. Kuswata Kartawinata, Dr. Alison Sherwood, Dr. Dave Webb, Dr. Kim Bridge, Dr. Javier Francisco-Ortega, Dr. Rismita Sari, Dr. Bambang Hariyadi, Dr. Rachun Pooma, Dr. Mashuri Waite, Dr. Aaron Shiels, Dr. Parichat Jungwiwattanapor, Dr. Nyo-Me Aye, Dr. Tamara Wong, Dr. Maggie Spork, Dr. Anthony Amend, Dr. Jie Li, Dr. Qiaoming Li, Dr.
    [Show full text]