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International Journal of Research and Innovation in Social Science (IJRISS) |Volume V, Issue VII, July 2021|ISSN 2454-6186 Decision Making and Strategic Management: an Appraisal of The #Endsars Protest in Nigeria Odili, Chukwuemeka Pope1, Egobueze, Anthony2 1Department of Management, Faculty of Management Sciences Rivers State University, Nkpolu- Oroworukwo, Port Harcourt, Nigeria. 2Lecturer, Department of Political Science, Faculty of Social Sciences, Rivers State University, Nkpolu –Oroworukwo, Port Harcourt, Nigeria Abstract: The study examined strategic management and decision task. By doing so, a series of decisions are involved (Nura and making in Nigeria with an appraisal of #ENDSARS protest in Osman, 2012, p.296).” perspective. Theoretically, the study evaluated the impact of strategic management on the decisions taken by both the State Decision making on the other hand is the series options, out of and the Protesters on the conflict. Adopting secondary data and which, one or few is chosen, used and implemented for a content analysis as methods of data collection and analysis and particular course of action. According to Schoemaker and human resource-based theory as a theoretical framework, the Russo (2013, p. 1), decision-making is the process whereby study observed that good strategic management was not an individual, group, or organization reaches conclusions employed by both partings in managing the conflict and about what future actions to pursue given a set of recommended that decision makers should be transformational objectives and limit some available resources. A good and strategic in making decisions. It also recommended that the state should create jobs for the army of unemployed youths, and manager makes decisions that impact positively on the improve the condition of service and welfare of the Nigeria organization. The groundwork for any decision is indeed a Police, amongst others. clear statement of objectives; leadership traits; ability to illuminate the meaning for the objectives and capability to Key words: Strategic Management, Decision Making, Nigeria measure the cost and benefit of different alternatives as well Police Force, Special Anti-Robbery Squad, Protesters, Government. as the effectiveness of the decisions (Nura and Osman, 2012, p.296). I. INTRODUCTION Decision making becomes efficient and effective if it is rooted ccording to Maleka (2014, p.4), strategic management in strategic management. A good manager makes decisions A has become an attractive management tool to within the strategic context. Çelik, Güngör, Özkul and Tuna reformers, and instills accountability with regards to the (2016) observe that leaders(managers) who have leadership organizational management. With the present trend of global styles make strategic decisions aimed at innovation and activities and operations, strategic management is the drive change basic business strategies, intervene in conflict and that ensures that organizations use the right arsenal that would risk taking. Elkhdr (2019) explained that many case studies enable them become efficient in their day-to-day operations. show that strategic decisions mainly affect the long-run Strategic managers view the fact that market dynamics have business performance that is directly linked with its created challenges for public organizations. With the objectives. Normally, they are decided by the top emergence of the global economy, advances in technology, management, and generally, they involve high risk, but still, increased societal demands, and the need to provide more effective strategic decision-making is quite fruitful. It is social services with fewer resources, strategic management specifically true for the current business era when leaders and brings to bear a widespread desire for increased organizational managers have to make their businesses survive and grow in scrutiny that has increased the pressure for change. the changing environments. They do this by continuously accepting and adapting the changing business scenarios. They The success of an organization largely depends on decisions have to maintain pace with the changing business world for made by managers. Strategic management identifies and gaining a significant competitive advantage. Managers in describes methods required to be carried out by managers so charge of strategic decision-making are capable of providing as to achieve better performance and a competitive advantage only satisfactory solutions to problems (Vasilescu, 2011, for the organization. It is a bundle of decisions and acts which p.104). According to Alhawamdeh and Alsmairat (2019, a manager undertakes and which decides the result of the p.95), a successful strategic decision making enables an firm‟s performance (Pishkari, 2017, p.108). “Every manager, organization to maintain competitive position, align internal regardless of the nature of the organization he/she belongs to, operations with external environment and survive threats and needs to design a comprehensive plan of action, articulate it challenges, while conversely, because of their magnitude, a and direct it towards organizational activity to accomplish a single, poorly made strategic decision can lead to the demise www.rsisinternational.org Page 791 International Journal of Research and Innovation in Social Science (IJRISS) |Volume V, Issue VII, July 2021|ISSN 2454-6186 of an organization and result in corporate embarrassment, the President (Commander-in-Chief of Armed Forces). The large economic losses for stakeholders or even bankruptcy. A President is also the number one leader in Nigeria, hence, typical example of this is the #ENDSARS protest in Nigeria. every citizens of Nigeria are his subordinates and whatever decisions he makes concerning the affairs of the country has a Policing is one of the most complex job all over the world great impact on every citizen in the country. As the (Ogbette, Idam and Kareem, 2018), this is because their sole Commander – in – Chief of the Armed Forces, he gives the responsibility is to protect lives and properties. But there are last command on the subject relating to the use of the military some Nigerians that have had negative impact of the brutal to fight an aggressor(s). actions of the police. According to Aborisade and Obileye (2018), police brutality involves torture, interrogative It should be noted that both the Police and the Protesters are technique and other wanton abuses of human rights. all human beings, and decisions from any part thereof, may impact the others, therefore, because all are stakeholders in The Nigerian citizens are rough handled, mishandled and the Nigeria Project. The human resource-based theory brutalized in various ways through; beating, indiscriminate recognizes the importance of the various stake-holders and the shooting, maiming and killing, and the use unnecessary relations between them. According to Koch and Kok (1999) restrains such as handcuffs and leg chains, unnecessary these stakeholders form the dominant coalition. The values use of firearms against suspects and innocent members of and attitudes of the members of this coalition are some of the public, torture of suspects in order to forcefully excerpt the factors that influence the management of the human confession and extortion of gratification (Abiodun, Oloyede, resources. Ademola, Abah and Kehinde, 2020, p.50). III. CONCEPTUAL REVIEW There has been a series of efforts to reform SARS over the years; however none has worked so far. The Department has Strategic management been disbanded several times by the government, yet they Strategic Management is a process which includes have always found their way back into existence, unleashing environmental analysis of the organization by the top more havoc on the Nigerian society. The Amnesty managers for the purpose of strategy formulation and the plan International continues to document unlawful killings and of strategy implementation and controlling (Athapaththu, extra-judicial executions in the context of the Armed Force, 2016). Strategic management is a collection of the ongoing including the SARs. There are doubts on the integrity of the activities of strategic analysis, strategy creation, government towards how they have been handling SARS. implementation and monitoring. It systematically organizes Decisions made so far by the government on SARS have still the resources in aligning with the vision, mission and strategy not yelled any positive results. There are also doubts about the throughout the organization. It prepares the organization for decisions by Nigerians to protest as it seen as an avenue for the future by knowing the exact steps to implement strategic hoodlums to hijack and create mayhem in the society. It is plans. It is a process and a path guiding actions all over the based on this lacuna that our intellectual curiosity was spurred organization (Athapaththu, 2016, p.126). According to to examine if the strategic reasoning was applied in decision Sammut-Bonnici (2015, p.1), strategic management is the making towards the #ENDSAS protest in Nigeria. process of evaluation, planning, and implementation designed II. THEORETICAL FRAMEWORK to maintain or improve competitive advantage. The process of evaluation is concerned with the external and internal This study adopted the human resource-based theory as its environments. Planning involves developing business models, theoretical framework. In every organization, humans are one corporate direction, competitive tactics, international
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