Wildlife Planning
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Cover Option C-Blk final2:Layout 1 7/21/08 12:16 PM Page 2 Headline subhead Wildlife Habitat Planning Strategies, Design Features and WilBest Management Practices for Floridadlife Communities and Landowners Cover Option C-Blk final2:Layout 1 7/21/08 12:16 PM Page 1 1 Acknowledgements This project was made possible by a grant from Florida’s 1000 Friends of Florida would like to thank the following individuals for their generous contributions to Wildlife Legacy Initiative. The Legacy Initiative is a program this document. This does not imply, however, that the following contributors endorse this document or its of the Florida Fish and Wildlife Conservation Commission, recommendation. with funding provided through State Wildlife Grants adminis- tered by the US Fish and Wildlife Service. Additional Amy Knight and Jonathan Oetting, Florida Natural Areas Ronald Dodson, President and CEO, Audubon International, Inventory for significant input and editing of Chapter 4, “Data helping to write, edit and comment on Chapter 9, “Planning support was provided by the Florida Wildlife Federation, and Analyses Development” Wildlife-Friendly Golf Courses in Florida” Jane’s Trust, The Martin Foundation, The Batchelor Foundation, the Elizabeth Ordway Dunn Foundation and Mark Easley of URS Corporation Southern and Joshua Benjamin Pennington, graphics and project web site Boan, Florida Department of Transportation, significant develop- development the Florida Department of Community Affairs. ment of Chapter 8, “Planning for Transportation Facilities and Wildlife” Rebecca Eisman, Creative Endeavors, graphic design Special recognition is given to: Will Abberger, Trust for Public Land • Dave Alden Sr., FWC • Matt Aresco, Nokuse Plantation • Ray Ashton, Ashton Biodiversity Dan Pennington, 1000 Friends of Florida, Research & Preservation Institute, Inc. • Tom Beck, Wilson Miller, Inc. • Lisa B. Beever, PhD, AICP, Charlotte Harbor, National Estuary research, writing and editing Program • Shane Belson, FWC • Anthony (Tony) Biblo, Leon County • Jeff Bielling, Alachua County • Dr. Reed Bowman, Archbold Biological Station • Tim Breault, FWC • Casey Bruni, Babcock Ranch • Mary Bryant, The Nature Conservancy • John Vivian Young, 1000 Friends of Florida, Buss, City of Tallahassee • Billy Buzzett, The St. Joe Company • Gail Carmody, U S Fish and Wildlife Service • Gary Cochran, review FWC • Vernon Compton, The Nature Conservancy • Courtney J. Conway, Arizona Cooperative Fish and Wildlife Research Unit • Marlene Conaway, KMC Consulting, Inc. • Ginger L. Corbin, U.S. Fish & Wildlife Service • John Cox, City of Tallahassee • Sara Joanne Davis, 1000 Friends of Florida, Davis, Florida Wildlife Federation • Richard Deadman, DCA • Craig Diamond, DCA • Eric Dodson, Audubon International • photos and editing support Tim Donovan, FWC • Eric Draper, Audubon of Florida • Mark Endries, FWC • Dr. James A. Farr, FDEP • Kim Fikoski, The Bonita Bay Group • Neil Fleckenstein, Tall Timbers Research Station • Charles Gauthier, DCA • Terry Gilbert, URS Charles Pattison, 1000 Friends of Florida, Corporation Southern • Greg Golgowski, The Harmony Institute • Stephen Gran, Manager, Hillsborough County • Kate Haley, editing and content suggestions FWC • Cathy Handrick, FWC • Bob Heeke, Suwannee River WMD • Rachel A. Herman, Sarasota County • Betsie Hiatt, Lee County Florida • William Timothy Hiers, The Old Collier Golf Club • Dr. Tom Hoctor, Geoplan, University of Florida • Ted Kathleen Morris, 1000 Friends of Florida, Hoehn, FWC • Robert Hopper, South Florida WMD • David Hoppes, Glatting Jackson • Dr. Mark Hostetler, University of Florida • Greg Howe, City of Tampa • Anita L. Jenkins, Wilson Miller, Inc. • Bruce Johnson, Wilson Miller, Inc. • Rosalyn Johnson, review University of Florida • Greg Kaufmann, FDEP • Debbie Keller, The Nature Conservancy • Carolyn Kindell, Florida Natural Areas Catherine “Katie Anne” Donnelly, Inventory • Michael J. Kinnison, FDEP • Barbara Lenczewski, DCA • Kris Van Lengen, Bonita Bay Group • Douglas J. Levey, University of Florida • Katie Lewis, Florida Division of Forestry • Jay Liles, Florida Wildlife Federation • Jerrie Lindsey, FWC • Bill 1000 Friends of Florida, Lites, Glatting Jackson • Mark Lotz, FWC • Martin B Main, University of Florida • Laurie Macdonald, Defenders of Wildlife • research and writing Julia "Alex" Magee, Florida Chapter, American Planning Association • Jerry McPherson, Bonita Bay Group • Tricia Martin, The Nature Conservancy • Terri Mashour, St. Johns River WMD • Dr. Earl McCoy, University of South Florida • Kevin McGorty, Tall Kelly Duggar, 1000 Friends of Florida, Timbers Land Conservancy • Rebecca P. Meegan, Coastal Plains Institute and Land Conservancy • Julia Michalak, Defenders of research and writing, Wildlife • Mary A. Mittiga, U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service • Rosi Mulholland, FDEP • Christine Mundy, St. Johns River WMD • Annette F. Nielsen, FDEP • Joe North, FDEP • Dr. Reed Noss, University of Central Florida • Cathy Olson, Lee County Florida • Kacy O'Sullivan, 1000 Friends of Florida, Matthew R. Osterhoudt, Sarasota County • John Outland, FDEP • Sarah Owen, AICP, Florida Wildlife Federation • Howard research and writing, Pardue, Florida Trail Association • Lorna Patrick, U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service • Nancy Payton, Florida Wildlife Federation • Jeffrey Pennington • Larry Peterson, Kitson & Partners • Paola Reason, Cresswell-Associates • Ann Redmond, Biological Research Associates • Salvatore Riveccio, Florida Wildlife Federation • Preston T. Robertson, Florida Wildlife Federation • Front Cover Photos Courtesy of Christine Small, FWC • Scott Sanders, FWC • Keith Schue, The Nature Conservancy • Gregory Seamon, Wilson Miller Inc. • Bird and Skunk: David Moynahan, FWC; Panther: Mark Lotz, FWC; Vicki Sharpe, FDOT • Lora Silvanima, FWC • Daniel Smith, University of Central Florida • Joseph E. Smyth, FDEP, Rainbow Racoons: Charles Littlewood and the Florida Wildlife Federation Springs State Park • Noah Standridge, Collier County • Hilary Swain, Archbold Biological Station • Kathleen Swanson, FWC • Vicki Tauxe, FDEP • Jon Thaxton, Sarasota County Commission • Walt Thomson, The Nature Conservancy • Sarah Keith Back Cover Photos Courtesy of Valentine, City of Tallahassee • Keith Wiley, Wildlife Biologist, Hillsborough County • Michelle Willey, Kitson & Partners/Babcock Ranch Joanne Davis, 1000 Friends of Florida • Donald Wishart, Glatting Jackson • Christopher Wrenn, Glatting Jackson • Julie Brashears Wraithmell, Audubon of Florida florida wildlife manual Ch 1 final2:Layout 1 7/21/08 11:23 AM Page 2 Table of Contents 2 List of Text Boxes by Chapter 3 C HAPTER 7 — Management and Design Factors 83 • Managing for Fire 84 C HAPTER 1 — Designing Wildlife-Friendly Communities in Florida 4 • Wildlife-Friendly Lighting 89 • The Value of Green Infrastructure 6 • Planning Stormwater Management and Waterbody Buffers for Wildlife Value 94 • A Tiered Approach to Conservation 8 • Ephemeral Wetlands and Pond Landscapes 95 • The Top Tier: Toward a Statewide Green Infrastructure in Florida 8 • Planning for Supportive Long-Term Behavior in a Wildlife-Friendly Community 97 • Twenty-First Century Initiatives – Linkage Between Tiers 10 • Promoting Green Infrastructure at the Middle Tier 11 C HAPTER 8 — Planning for Transportation 99 Facilities and Wildlife C HAPTER 2 — Community Wildlife and Habitat 13 • Guidelines for Accommodating Wildlife 100 Conservation Framework and Principles • Identifying the Need and Goals for Wildlife Linkages 101 • The North American Model of Wildlife Conservation 14 • Design Considerations for Wildlife Linkages 104 • Ecological Principles for Managing Land Use 14 • Specific Design Environmental Factors of Wildlife Linkages 109 • Designing Functional Green Infrastructure for Wildlife 17 • Linkages for ETDM Projects 115 • Merging Biology with Planning 21 • Linkages for Non-ETDM Projects 117 C HAPTER 3 — Envisioning and Planning Wildlife 22 • Road and Highway Related Stormwater Facilities 118 Friendly Communities C HAPTER 9 — Planning Wildlife-Friendly Golf Courses in Florida 120 • Goals for Planning Wildlife-Friendly Communities 23 • Planning for Habitat and Wildlife Basics 121 • The First Steps 30 • Planning for the Birds 129 C HAPTER 4 — Data and Analyses Development 35 • Integrate Fire Dependent Natural Communities and Golf Courses 131 • Buffers for Waterbodies and Wetlands 131 • Conducting a Birds-Eye-View Analysis 36 • Golf Course Stormwater Treatment Trains and Capturing Wildlife Habitat Value 132 • Taking Advantage of Geographic Information Systems (GIS) 36 • Engage Golf Course Staff and Golfers 133 • Performing an Ecological Inventory 41 • Summary 133 • Developing Ecological Scoring Criteria and a Scoring System 42 • Choosing From a Growing List of Analysis and Mapping Tools 42 C HAPTER 10 — Wildlife Conservation and Restoration in 135 • Consulting Additional State and Regional Wildlife and Habitat Data Sources 45 Agricultural and Rural Areas C HAPTER 5 — The Florida Wildlife-Friendly Toolbox 48 • Starting Points 136 • The Local Comprehensive Plan 49 • Federally Funded Farm Bill Programs 138 • Developments of Regional Impact 51 • Non-Farm Bill Federal Initiatives 142 • Sector Plans 54 • State Funded Wildlife Habitat Cost-Share Programs 144 • Rural Land Stewardship Areas 57 • Agricultural Conservation Easements and Land Donations 145 • Special Large Property Opportunities 61 • Rural Land Stewardship Program 148 • Conservation and Restoration Techniques 148 C HAPTER 6 — An Implementation Toolbox for Green Infrastructure