Assessing the Severity of Traumatic Brain Injury—Time for a Change?
Journal of Clinical Medicine Review Assessing the Severity of Traumatic Brain Injury—Time for a Change? Olli Tenovuo 1,2,*, Ramon Diaz-Arrastia 3, Lee E. Goldstein 4, David J. Sharp 5,6, Joukje van der Naalt 7 and Nathan D. Zasler 8,9 1 Division of Clinical Neurosciences, Turku Brain Injury Centre, Turku University Hospital, 20521 Turku, Finland 2 Department of Neurology, Institute of Clinical Medicine, University of Turku, 20500 Turku, Finland 3 Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA; ramon.diaz-arrastia@usuhs.edu 4 Alzheimer’s Disease Research Center, College of Engineering, Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, MA 02118, USA; lgold@bu.edu 5 Clinical, cognitive and computational neuroimaging laboratory (C3NL), Department of Brain Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, Imperial College London, London, W12 0NN, UK; david.sharp@imperial.ac.uk 6 UK Dementia Research Institute Care Research and Technology Centre, Imperial College London and the University of Surrey, London, W12 0NN UK 7 Department of Neurology, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, 9713 GZ Groning-en, The Netherlands; j.van.der.naalt@umcg.nl 8 Concussion Care Centre of Virginia and Tree of Life, Richmond, VA 23233, USA; nzasler@cccv-ltd.com 9 Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, VA 23284, USA * Correspondence: olli.tenovuo@tyks.fi; Tel.: +358-50-438-3802 Abstract: Traumatic brain injury (TBI) has been described to be man’s most complex disease, in man’s most complex organ. Despite this vast complexity, variability, and individuality, we still classify the severity of TBI based on non-specific, often unreliable, and pathophysiologically poorly understood measures.
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