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Coleoptera: Chrysomelidae) Altfamilyalanna Ait Prof TUrk. entomo!. derg., 2002, 27 (2) : 131-140 ISSN 1010-6960 Donaciinae ve Galerucinae (Coleoptera: Chrysomelidae) altfamilyalanna ait Prof. Dr. Niyazi Lodos Muzesi' nde saklanan turler lizerinde faunistik arastirmalar Ferit TURANU* $eniz KISMAU* Summary The faunistical studies on the subfamilies Donaciinae and Galerucinae (Coleoptera: Chrysomelidae) species preserved in Prof. Dr. Niyazi Lodos Museum This study was carried out to clarify the species of the subfamilies Donaciinae and Galerucinae (Coleoptera: Chrysomelidae), their distributions and host plants. As a result of this study, 3 species belonging to the 1 genera of Donaciinae and 7 species belonging to the 6 genera of Galerucinae had been found out. The species of Donaciinae; Donacia bicolora Zschach, D. marginata Hoppe and D. simplex Fabricius were the new record for Turkish fauna. The species of Galerucinae were Agelastica alni Linnaeus, Galerucella calmariensis Linnaeus, G. lineola (Fabriclous), Pyrrhalta tanella Linnaeus, Xantho­ galeruca luteola (MUller), Aulocophora foveicollis Lucas and Sermylassa halensis Linnaeus. Key words: Chrysomelidae, Donaciinae, Galerucinae, fauna, Turkey Anahtar sozctlkler: Chrysomelidae, Donaciinae, Galerucinae, fauna, Turkiye Giri~ Coleoptera taknnmm tanm zararhlan yonunden en onemli turlerini kapsayan Chrysomelidae Iamilyasmm 19 altfamilyasi icinde 2000 cins ve 50.000'e yakin turu yeryUzUnde geni~ bir yayilma alanma sahiptir (Lopatin, 1977). * Ege Universitesi, Ziraat Fakultesi, Bitki Koruma BoIUmU, 35100 Bornova-izmir e-mail: [email protected] Ahrns (Received): 02.02.2003 131 E.O. Ziraat Fakultesi Prof. Dr. Niyazi Lodos Muzesi'nde bulunan Chrysomelidae familyasma bagh Donaciinae ve Galerucinae altfamilyalanna bagh bugUne kadar toplanan ornekler detayh bir cahsrna ile duyurulmarmstir. Bu muzcdeki materyalle ilgili sadece Kismah (1999) taraimdan verilen turler listesi bulunmaktadir. Galerucinae alt familyasi Chrysomelidae familyasma bagh alt familyalar arasinda tur sayisi bakimmdan ikinci sirada yer almakta, dunya uzerinde 5 tribu ve 4000 ture sahip olup daha cok tropik bolqelerde yaygm oldugu bildirilmektedir (Asian, 1998). Donaciinae altfamilyasiSeeno & Wilcox (1982)'a gore Prodonacia Chen, Donacia F., Arundinarius Voet, Donacocia Gistel, Pseudodonacia Reitter, Plateumaroides Iablokov-Khnzorian, Donaciasta Fairmaire, Donaciocrioceris Pic, Macroplea Samouelle, Plateumaris Thomson ve Sominella Jacobson olmak Ozere 11 cinse sahiptir. Galerucinae altfamilyasi ise, Warchalowski (1994) ve Bezdek (1998)'e gore Galerucini, Sermylassini ve Luperini tribulerine ait Diorhabda Weise, Galerucella Crotch, Pyrrhalta Joannis, Xanthogaleruca Laboissiere, Lochmaea Weise, Galeruca MOeller, Sermylassa Reitter, Agelastica Chev., Aulacophora Chev., Nymphius Weise, Phyllobrotica Chev., Exosoma Jacoby, Monolepta Erichs, Euluperus Weise, Calomicrus Stephens ve Luperus MOeller olmak Ozere 16 cinse sahiptir. Yurdumuzda Donaciinae alt familyasi turleri ile ilgili detayh bir cahsma yapil­ marrustir. Galerucinae altfamilyasi turleri Uzerinde bazi arastmcilann TOrkiye'deki turler ile ilgili yaymlan bulunmaktadir(Medvedev, 1970, 1975; Gul-Zumreoglu, 1972; Tuatay et al., 1972; Kismah et al., 1995; Asian, 1998; Asian & Warchalowski, 1998; Kismah, 1999). Son yillarda yapilan detayh cahsmalarda, Galerucinae altfamilya­ sma ait Turkiye'de 14 cins ve 56 turun bulundugu belirtilmekte, bu turler icerisinde 11 tOrOn endemik olduklan vurgulanmaktadir (Asian et al., 2000; 2003). Galerucinae altfamilyasma ait Galerucella calmariensis (L.) ve G. pusilla (Duftschmid)'nm Lythrum salicaria L. bitkisi ile biyolojik mOcadelede kullanildig: bildirilmektedir (Mc Fadyan, 1998; Asian & Ozbek, 1999). Bu cahsma ile 1950 yilmdan beri toplanrrns ve Ege Oniversitesi Ziraat Fakultesi Bitki Koruma Bolumu Prof. Dr. Niyazi Lodos Muzesi'nde saklanan Donaciinae ve Galerucinae altfamilyalanna bagh turlerin tanmmasi, yayihslan ve konukcu bitkileri ile ilgili bilgilerin arastmcilara ve bilim dOnyasma duyurulmasi amaclanrmstir. Materyal ve Metot Cahsmamn materyalini 1950-2002 yillan arasmda bir cok arastmci tarahndan Ttlrkiyc'nin degi~ik yorelerinden toplanan ve Ege Oniversitesi Ziraat Fakultesi Bitki Koruma Bolumtl Prof. Dr. Niyazi Lodos Muzesi'nde saklanan turler olusturmaktadir. 132 Donaciinae altfamilyasi turlerinin teshisi Dr. J. Kral (Cek Cumhuriyeti) tarafindan, Galerucinae altfamilyasi turlerinin teshisi ise Portevin (1934) ve Chen (1940)'den yararlamlarak yapilrmstir. TOrlerin teshisinde 100 X buyutrneli SMXX Carl Zeiss Jena marka stereoskobik binokulcr mikroskop kullamlrrustir. Teshislcri yapilan ve Dr. L. Kocher (Fransa) tarafmda doqrulanan ornekler calismalara isik tutmustur. Turlerin vucut olcumleri okuler mikrometre yardirm i1e 10 birey Ozerinden, birey sayisi bu sayidan az olanlar ise mevcut birey sayisi Ozerinden yaprlarak aritmetik ortalamalan verilmistir. Arastrrma Sonuclari ve Tartrsma Yapilan cahsmalar sonucunda Donaciinae altfamilyasmm 1 cinsine ait 3 tOr, Galerucinae altfamilyasmdan ise, 6 cins ve bunlara ait 7 tur saptanmisnr. Altfamilya: Donaciinae Donaciinae altfamilyasmda vOcut uzunca oval, bas dik, aim ortada geni~ cokuntulu, clypeus cikmtih, gozler yuvarlak, mandibula genis ve egik, asimetrik, bir veya daha fazla disli anten filiform, pronotumun kaidesi elytradan daha dar, Ozeri cukurcukla kaph, elytra uzun olup apikalde darahr, arka femur digerierinden daha kahn ve uzun olup genellikle arka yOzeyin orta kismmda bir veya daha fazla dislidir. Bu altfamilya kozmopolit bir yapi gostermekte ve dunyada 2 tribOye ait yaklasik 150 tOrO bulunmaktadir (Lopatin,1977). Bu altfamilya erginlerine genellikle sucul bitkiler Ozerinde ve ozellikle su zambaklanrnn yapraklan veya cicekleri gibi nemli yerlerde rastlamhrken larvalan ise, bu bitkilerin koklerinde beslenmektedir. Yumurtalar bitkilerin yaprakIannm alt yOzOne, erginin beslenerek a<;:tIgl kucuk yuvarlak deliklerin yanma kuma halinde birakihr. Donacia Fabricius, 1775 Donacia bicolora Zschach, 1788 Tamnmasn Vucut 9.7 mm uzunlukta olup siyah renkte, pronotum ve elytra metalik koyu yesil panltihdir, Anten segmentleri siyah, arka femur tamamen yesil panltilr ve ic kismmda bir dis bulunrnaktadir. Pronotum'un ortasi onden arkaya dogru oluk seklinde cukur Ozeri nokta seklinde cukurcuklarla kaphdir. Elytronlar muntazam cizqi meydana getiren kucuk noktaciklara sahip, bunlar on tarafta kaybolur, aynca her bir elytron Ozerinde 7- 8 adet oluklar halinde cokrne nedeniyle karsidan bakildiqinda dalgah bir yOzey olusturur. Diinya'daki yayJ1I~I: Rusya'nm Avrupa kisrm, Avrupa, italya, Kafkasya, Kazakistan, Ozbekistan, Sibirya (Clavareau, 1913; Lopatin,1977). Bu cahsmada D. bicolora, Duzcc'de, Lilium sp. Ozerinden toplanmis ve 2 birey incelenmis olup TOrkiye faunasi icin ilk kayrttir. Donacia marginata Hoppe, 1795 Tamnmasn Vucut 10.4 mm uzunlukta olup metalik bakir panltih kahve­ renkte, anten ve bacaklar siyah, arka femur duz yapida, pronotum ve elytranm 133 I Uzeri kUc;:Uk cukurcuklarla kaphdir. Bu cukurcuklar elytronlann Uzerinde yukandan a~aglya doqru muntazam cizgiler halinde dizilmis olup elytronlann Uzeri biri scutelluma yakm olmak Uzere 4 adet cokuntuye sahiptir. Diinya'daki yaytll!?l: Avrupa, Almanya, Daglstan, Kafkasya, Kuzey Afrika, Orta Asya, Ozbekistan, Sibirya ve TUrkiye (Clavareau, 1913; Lopatin, 1977). Bu cahsmada D. marginata, Duzce'de Lilium sp., Samsun (Carsarnbal'da Oryzae sativa Uzerinden toplanmis ve toplam 5 birey incelenmis olup Turkiye faunasi icin ilk kayrttir. Donacia simplex Fabricius, 1775 Tanmmasn Erginin vUcut uzunlugu 7.6 rnm, butun vUcut kahverenkte olup metalik panltihdrr. Anten segmentlerinin dibi kahve diger yansi siyah renktedir. Pronotum' un Uzerinde onde, sagda ve sold a 2 adet cikinti bulunmaktadir ve turn yUzeyi cok kuciik cukurluklarla kaphdir. Elytron Uzerinde ise bu cukurcuklann meydana getirdigi muntazam cizqiler bulunmaktadir. Arka femurun dip kisrru san, uea dogru siyah renkte ve duz yapidadir. Diinya'daki yaydl!?l: Avrupa, Cezayir, Mogolistan, Sibirya, Japonya (Clavareau, 1913). Bu cahsmada D. simplex, Duzce'de Lilium sp., Samsun (Carsambal'da Oryzae sativa Uzerinden toplanrms ve toplam 11 birey incelenmis olup Tiirkiye faunas: icin ilk kayittir. Altfamilya: Galerucinae Galerucinae altfamilvasi erginleri yumusak vUcutlu, c;:ogu sanmsi renkte ve vucut Uzerinde koyu nokta veya cizqilere sahiptir. Dunya'da Cueurbitaeeae ve Leguminosae familyalan bitkileri Uzerinde beslenmeleri ile dikkat cekerler (Booth et al., 1990). Turkiyc'de de en zararh turler arasmda yer alan (Uygun et al., 1998) onemli turu Aulacophora foveicollis Lueas'dir. Bu altfamilya tUrlerinin erginleri beslenerek yaptiklan zarar yanmda bazi virus hastaliklanm da tasiyarak zaran arttmrlar. Larvalan ciddi bir toprak alti zararhsi olup kokler ile beslenmeleri sonueunda kabakgillere onemli zararlar verirler (Borror & De Long, 1964). Agelastica Chevrolat, 1837 Agelastica alni (Linnaeus, 1758) Tanmmasu Erginler 5.9 mm boyunda, abdomen ve baeaklar siyah olup bas, pronotum ve elytra metalik panltih koyu mavi renktedir. Vucut arkaya dogru oldukca genislemistir. KlZIlagac;: (Alnus spp.) zararhsi olarak tum dUnyada tanmrms olan bu tur TUrkiye'de kizilagac ve Karadeniz Bolgesi'nde fmdiklarda zararhdir (Canakcioqlu, 1993). Ergin ve larvalar yapraklarda beslenmek suretiyle zarar yaparlar. 134 Diinya'daki yaytll~l: Amerika, TOm Avrupa, Gin, iran, Kazakistan, Mogalistan, Rusya, Sibirya, Tlirkiye, TOrkmenistan (Weise, 1924; Lopatin, 1977; Gruev & Tomov, 1986; Cankacroglu, 1993; Warchalowsky, 1976, 1994). Tiirkiye'deki yaytll~l: Artvin (Hopa-Arhavi
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