QWERTY Keyboard (Edited from Wikipedia)
Total Page:16
File Type:pdf, Size:1020Kb
Load more
Recommended publications
-
Evolution of the Typewriter by Way of Suggestion
4? era? EVOLUTION OF THE TYPEWRITER BY C. V. ODEN AUTHOR OF "A TALK ON SALESMANSHIP" AND "TYPEWRITER COMMTiNTS AND COMPARISONS" "Some books are to be tasted, others to be swallowed, and some few to be chewed and digested." —Bacon. DEC 14 191-7 COPYRIGHT 1917 BY C. V. ODEN ©CI.A47i>^4 - FOREWORD The contents of this book give the steps in the evolution study, of the typewriter, and are the result of observation, and conviction. The purpose is to answer in as concise form as possible the many inquiries received with reference this book is to the history of the typewriter. However, the reason not to be considered in any sense a history, for that many typewriters have been invented and many mar- keted that are not mentioned. Those omitted have not, in prin- the author's judgment, contributed either mechanical type- ciples or educational assistance that would promote writer development. On the other hand, consideration is given some machines only because they have suggested principles or ideas that have served to assist other manu- the fact that they received more facturers ; and others, from or less recognition from the public. Practically unlimited numbers of patents have been issued on typewriters and accessories, but to enumerate them would require volumes, from which it would be diffi- cult to assort and assimilate information of value. The author gratefully acknowledges having drawn from many sources in the preparation of this work, prin- cipal among which are: Patent Records, Office Appliances, Typewriter Topics, Phonographic World, History of the Typewriter, the Franklin Institute, Mr. -
The Typewriter Turns 125 1873 1998
CONTENTS Editor’s Notes, Letters ....... 2 Ads ..................................... 3 ETCetera Typewriter/125 .................. 4 Comptometer Mod. A ...... 8 No. Mar. Blick Elec. Brochure ....... 10 Color Gallery................... 12 42 1998 Crazy George and His Typewriters ............. 14 A Rare Letter Magazine of the Early Rediscovered ................ 20 Typewriter Collectors Association The Typewriter Turns 125 Letter written from Charles Thurber to Sarah Wheelock, dated Jan. 28, 1846. The original size was 8 inches wide. Thurber wrote to Miss Wheelock using his “Mechanical Chirographer,” one of two writing machines he invented in the 1840’s. 1873 1998 hanced by the fact that these pages I’m enjoying the newsletters very ADVERTISEMENTS ETCetera come directly from the laser printer, much, and I’m sure I join other sub- without going through the process of scribers in saying that I know how Magazine of the Early Typewriter FOR SALE: Set of four black rubber offset printing. For this reason, the much time and effort you put into Collectors Association repro feet (stem bumpers) are now smaller bifold format was chosen. maintaining this newsletter and this available for all models of Oliver. $8.00 Finally, the color in ETCetera is service to the other collectors. A hearty postpaid in US, $10.00 for foreign March 1998 --No. 42 now being printed directly on the inkjet Thank-you for all your efforts! delivery. Bob Aubert, 614 New Jersey printer at 720 dpi, without having to go Jim Freiburger, Cedar Glen, CA Editor, Darryl Rehr Ave., Riverside, NJ 08075. down a generation by being copied on 2591 Military Ave., L.A., CA 90064 FOR SALE: fresh long-fiber cotton the color copier. -
Etcetera Journal of the Early Typewriter Collectors’ Association No
ETCetera Journal of the Early Typewriter Collectors’ Association No. 117 • Summer 2017 Editor’s Notes 2 The Waverley Typewriter 3 The A Glimpse of the ICO MP1 6 First Photo of a Typist 9 Waverley The Monpti 14 Chestnut Ridge Meeting 15 Ty p ew r iter The Type-Writer 16 New on the Shelf 18 Around the World 20 In IssueThis Letters 20 ETCetera No. 117 • Summer 2017 • 1 ETCetera Journal of the Early Typewriter Collectors’ Association Editor’s No. 117 • Summer 2017 Notes Editor Richard Polt 4745 Winton Rd. while we’re all still savoring paul aters, and eventually it should be avail- Cincinnati, OH 45232 USA Robert and Peter Weil’s Typewriter, able online worldwide. 513.591.1226 there’s more good news from the pub- Speaking of Tom Hanks, he’s also one [email protected] lishing world: renowned collector Tony of the stars of the film “The Circle.” The Casillo’s book Typewriters: Iconic Machines critical consensus is that the movie doesn’t Secretary-Treasurer from the Golden Age of Mechanical Writ- amount to much, but Hanks does get praise Herman Price ing will be released by Chronicle Books for his performance as a likeable leader of a in November, with a foreword by Tom digital technology company that is deter- Board of Directors Hanks. When Tony says golden, he means mined to wipe out all privacy. The charac- Bert Kerschbaumer golden: the cover machine is a dazzling ter has a typewriter on his desk, but he’d Robert Messenger gold-plated Princess 300. never use it, unlike Hanks himself. -
Title on the Prehistory of QWERTY Author(S) Yasuoka, Koichi
Title On the Prehistory of QWERTY Author(s) Yasuoka, Koichi; Yasuoka, Motoko Citation ZINBUN (2011), 42: 161-174 Issue Date 2011-03 URL https://doi.org/10.14989/139379 © Copyright March 2011, Institute for Research in Humanities Right Kyoto University. Type Departmental Bulletin Paper Textversion publisher Kyoto University ZINBUN 2009/2010 No.42 On the Prehistory of QWERTY Koichi Yasuoka∗ and Motoko Yasuoka† Abstract QWERTY keyboard is widely used for information processing nowadays in Japan, United States, and other countries. And the most frequently asked question about the keyboard is: “Why are the letters of the keyboard arranged the way they are?” Several papers in the field of information processing answer the question like this: “To slow down the operator.” It’s nonsense. In this paper we reveal the prehistory of QWERTY keyboard along the his- tory of telegraph apparatus: Morse, Hughes-Phelps, and Teletype. The early keyboard of Type-Writer was derived from Hughes-Phelps Printing Telegraph, and it was developed for Morse receivers. The keyboard arrangement very often changed during the development, and accidentally grew into QWERTY among the different requirements. QWERTY was adopted by Teletype in the 1910’s, and Teletype was widely used as a computer terminal later. 1. Introduction On February 1980 issue of Journal of Information Processing, Prof. Hisao Yamada of the University of Tokyo contributed an invited paper titled “A Historical Study of Typewriters and Typing Methods.”[1] The paper was an excellent survey of the history of keyboard arrangements on typewriters and computers, so it has been referred by hundreds of papers and books for these 30 years. -
Scenes of Yesteryear-Typing Comes to Town There Was a Time, but It Was a Long Time Ago, That I Could Actually Read My Own Handwr
Scenes of Yesteryear-Typing comes to town There was a time, but it was a long time ago, that I could actually read my own handwriting! Unfortunately that is not true today, because for some reason or another, my impatience in taking notes by hand results an undecipherable scramble of words! It would take a handwriting expert to determine what I have written. That should not have happened, because as a 7th grade student at Menomonie Central School, Mrs Lina Hellum spent an intolerable number of classes on the Palmer Method of handwriting. It was a method of writing that required “…muscle motion in which the more proximal muscles of the arm were used for movement, rather than allowing the fingers to move in writing.” I recall “hours” of pushing and pulling vertical lines and an equal amount of time inscribing ovals across the lined practice paper. I never understood the reason, but I must admit that my handwriting did improve, and even today I find me still using my arm when writing by hand, all due to my time spent in those classes! Problem now is…my distain for writing by hand has rendered my inability to read what I have written! I guess I am right, I’m just too impatient with the process. My father was a newspaperman, the Menomonie reporter for news of city and Dunn County for the Eau Claire Leader, and he insisted that I take the typing classes at MHS. I admit I was a little uncomfortable attending a class that was largely filled with giggly girls shooting for their future roles as secretaries. -
Okey. the One Hand Keyboard. Thesis, Written Contribution Mato Vincetić 01474034
Okey. The One Hand Keyboard. Thesis, written contribution Mato Vincetić 01474034 University: Supervisors: University of Applied Arts Vienna Univ. Prof. Oliver Kartak Institute of Design / Graphic Design Mag. Katharina Uschan Univ. Prof. Oliver Kartak Mag. Sabine Dreher Content Content ............................................................................................................................................ 2 Introduction .................................................................................................................................. 3 Abstract........................................................................................................................................... 5 Research ......................................................................................................................................... 6 The History of the Keyboard (And a few Milestones of the Computer) ...................................... 6 Anatomy of the Modern Keyboard ................................................11 Alternative Character Layouts and Efficiency .......................14 Alternative Keyboard Designs and Ergonomics ...................15 How We Type ������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������16 Product Design........................................................................................................................19 The Challenge ����������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������19 Okey -
Typewriters and Tying Literacy in the United States, 1870S-1930S
International Journal of Humanities and Social Science Vol. 6, No. 4; April 2016 After the First Click: Typewriters and Tying Literacy in the United States, 1870s-1930s Ya-Ju Yeh Associate Professor Aletheia University Department of English Danshui, New Taipei City, 25103 Taiwan, R.O.C. Abstract One of the greatest inventions that launched the modern age of writing technology was definitely the typewriter. Subject to continual tinkering, it was finally invented in the late 1860s; the typewriter underwent a great amount of technical transformation before it became an indispensable tool used by professional writers in private homes or for business correspondence in offices. As the very first pioneer in writing technology, the typewriter challenged human’s cognition and practice with machinery, and furthermore revolutionized business communication from the nineteenth century onward. From cumbersome to portable, from noisy to noiseless, and from manual to electric, the typewriter remained popular for over one hundred years until personal computers largely displaced typewriters by the end of the 1980s. Currently, the typewriter no longer serves as a main clerical device in office work or an efficient instrument for mechanical writing; instead, most of them are relegated to museum artifacts or individual collections for preservation or display. The start of the computer era marked the end of the mechanical typewriter era. Concerning the initial development of the typewriter in the United States and examples of first-generation users, this paper aims to delve into how those prototype typewriters evolved and how the general public undertook to learn the skill of typing. This paper concludes that the typewriter reshaped human consciousness of writing into a new means of mechanical writing, despite its homogenous and impersonal characters, leading the public into a technological age, in which typing literacy thus developed as a primary skill of script in preparation for the advanced word input technology of the present day computer. -
Mavis Beacon Teaches Typing Student Guide
® ACADEMIC EDITION STUDENT USER GUIDE © 2015 The Software MacKiev Company. All rights reserved. Portions © 1998-2011 Riverdeep Interactive Learning Limited and its licensors. Software MacKiev, the Software MacKiev logo, InstallMill and the InstallMill logo are trademarks of The Software MacKiev Company. Mavis Beacon, Mavis Beacon Teaches Typing and Broderbund are registered trademarks of HMH Consumer Company. Apple, Mac OS, Macintosh, Mac and the Mac logo, Bonjour, the Bonjour logo and the Bonjour symbol, iTunes and iCal are trademarks of Apple Inc., registered in the U.S. and other countries. QuickTime and the QuickTime logo are registered trademarks of Apple Inc., used under license therefrom. Microsoft and Word are registered trademarks of Microsoft Corporation in the United States and other countries. IBM is a trademark of International Business Machines Corporation, registered in the United States, other countries, or both. BitTorrent is a trademark of BitTorrent, Inc. WordPress is a registered trademark of the WordPress Foundation. BBC is a trademark of the British Broadcasting Corporation. The Weather Channel and weather.com are U.S. federally registered marks of The Weather Channel, Inc. The photo of August Dvorak is used with the permission of the PEMCO Webst Museum of History & Industry, Seattle. The media files (images) used in “A Brief History of Typing” chapter are taken from public domains, because either the copyright holder has released the image to the public domain, or the copyright has expired often because its first publication occurred prior to January 1, 1923. All other trademarks are the property of their respective owners. Mavis Beacon Teaches Typing Table of Contents Introduction . -
Title on the Prehistory of QWERTY Author(S) Yasuoka, Koichi; Yasuoka
Title On the Prehistory of QWERTY Author(s) Yasuoka, Koichi; Yasuoka, Motoko Citation ZINBUN (2011), 42: 161-174 Issue Date 2011-03 URL http://hdl.handle.net/2433/139379 © Copyright March 2011, Institute for Research in Humanities Right Kyoto University. Type Departmental Bulletin Paper Textversion publisher Kyoto University ZINBUN 2009/2010 No.42 On the Prehistory of QWERTY Koichi Yasuoka∗ and Motoko Yasuoka† Abstract QWERTY keyboard is widely used for information processing nowadays in Japan, United States, and other countries. And the most frequently asked question about the keyboard is: “Why are the letters of the keyboard arranged the way they are?” Several papers in the field of information processing answer the question like this: “To slow down the operator.” It’s nonsense. In this paper we reveal the prehistory of QWERTY keyboard along the his- tory of telegraph apparatus: Morse, Hughes-Phelps, and Teletype. The early keyboard of Type-Writer was derived from Hughes-Phelps Printing Telegraph, and it was developed for Morse receivers. The keyboard arrangement very often changed during the development, and accidentally grew into QWERTY among the different requirements. QWERTY was adopted by Teletype in the 1910’s, and Teletype was widely used as a computer terminal later. 1. Introduction On February 1980 issue of Journal of Information Processing, Prof. Hisao Yamada of the University of Tokyo contributed an invited paper titled “A Historical Study of Typewriters and Typing Methods.”[1] The paper was an excellent survey of the history of keyboard arrangements on typewriters and computers, so it has been referred by hundreds of papers and books for these 30 years. -
Examen Práctico De Secundaria De Inglés Madrid 23 De Junio 2018
EXAMEN PRÁCTICO DEL CUERPO DE SECUNDARIA, INGLÉS. MADRID, JUNIO 2018 EXAMEN PRÁCTICO DE SECUNDARIA DE INGLÉS MADRID 23 DE JUNIO 2018 TRANSLATIONS (3 points) Allotted time (1h) El maestro de esgrima, Arturo Pérez Reverte El cristal de las panzudas copas de coñac reflejaba las bujías que ardían en los candelabros de plata. Entre dos bocanadas de humo, ocupado en encender un sólido *veguero de Vuelta Abajo, el ministro estudió con disimulo a su interlocutor. No le cabía la menor duda de que aquel hombre era un canalla; pero lo había visto llegar ante la puerta de Lhardy en una impecable berlina tirada por dos soberbias yeguas inglesas, y los dedos finos y cuidados que retiraban la vitola del habano lucían un valioso solitario montado en oro. Todo eso, más su elegante desenvoltura y los precisos antecedentes que había ordenado reunir sobre él, lo situaban automáticamente en la categoría de canallas distinguidos. Nota a pie de página: *Veguero: Cigarro puro hecho rústicamente de una sola hoja de tabaco enrollada. Murther and Walking Spirits by Robertson Davies The Sniffer’s nickname, which he hates, is a newspaper joke. He writes criticism of modern plays in which it is his delight to detect “influences,” and his way of introducing such influences as put- down for new writers is to say – too often, but I have not been able to break him of the trick – “Do we sniff an influence from Pinter (or Ayckbourn, or Ionesco, or even Chekov) in his latest work of Mr. Whoever-it-is?” Whoever, that’s to say, the Sniffer is certain that nobody who writes a play, especially a first play, in Canada can be original in any important sense; he must be leaning upon, and dipping into, the work of some playwright of established fame, most often an Englishman. -
Sholes & Glidden 'Type Writer'
SholesASME Landmark Sholes & Glidden ‘Type Writer’ A Historic MechanicalINITIAL DRAFT –Engineering April 19, 2011 Landmark October 6, 2OII Milwaukee Wisconsin Page 1 Christopher Latham Sholes Born February 14, 1819 Died February 17, 1890 Resting place Forest Home Cemetery, Milwaukee, Wisconsin Known as "The Father of the Typewriter" Born in Mooresburg, Pennsylvania in 1819, Christopher Latham Sholes worked as an apprentice to a printer in nearby Danville as a youth. He moved to Green Bay, Wisconsin when he was eighteen where he initially worked for his brothers who were publishers of the Wisconsin Democrat. Within a year he was promoted to edit the Madison Enquirer. In 1840, Sholes established the Southport (eventually renamed, „Kenosha‟) Telegraph, which he published for many years. He eventually became associated with various Milwaukee newspapers, such as the News, and the Sentinel. In addition to working as a publisher, Sholes played a key role in early Wisconsin politics. He helped to organize the „Free Soil‟ and Republican parties in Wisconsin and served several terms in the state senate and assembly. Perhaps his most memorable legislative accomplishment was leading the successful campaign to outlaw the death penalty in Wisconsin in 1853. During the Civil War, Sholes also served for a time as Milwaukee postmaster, and was later port collector and commissioner of public works. A practical and active inventor, Sholes developed several devices in the course of his newspaper career, including a newspaper addressing machine (ca 1840-1850s), and a paging or numbering device (1864), before becoming involved in the development of the typewriter which interested him for the remainder of his life. -
Etcetera Journal of the Early Typewriter Collectors’ Association No
ETCetera Journal of the Early Typewriter Collectors’ Association No. 110 • Fall 2015 In This Issue Editor’s Notes 2 Clark Electric 3 The National News 9 Typewriters Make News 10 Clark Evidence for 1st Portable 16 McLaughlin to Murray 18 From Our Members 22 Electric New on the Shelf 24 ETCetera No. 110 • Fall 2015 • 1 ETCetera Journal of the Early Typewriter Collectors’ Association Editor’s Notes No. 110 • Fall 2015 Editor sometimes treasures are right un- Crandall “stretched” Pratt’s typewheel Richard Polt der our noses. We just need to look in “into a sleeve which he himself was able 4745 Winton Rd. the right place. to patent on his own, thereby by-passing Cincinnati, OH 45232 USA Case in point: the 1960 R. C. Allen Pratt’s control” (p. 110). 513.591.1226 VisOmatic Electrite that I just added to Pratt’s historic device recently gave [email protected] my collection. It had been languishing Toronto collector Martin Howard a at a nearby antique mall for quite some “Wow moment” when he spotted it in a Secretary-Treasurer time, and I’d strolled through the build- display at the British Science Museum Herman Price ing repeatedly without spotting it. But in London. Neither he nor I had realized fellow Cincinnati typewriter lover Leigh that there was still an extant Pterotype, Board of Directors Whitaker looked in the right spot— although some ETCetera readers surely Bert Kerschbaumer tucked away far below my eye level—and knew of it. Robert Messenger shared some photos of the machine on Why is the Pterotype in England? Richard Polt Facebook.