Index [Italic page numbers indicate major references]
A arsenic, 116, 143, 168 brecciation, shock, 225, 231 Ashanti crater, Ghana. See Bosumtwi Brent crater, Ontario, 321 Abitibi Subprovince, 305 crater, Ghana bromine, 137 Acraman depression, South Australia, A thy ris Broodkop Shear Zone, 180 211, 212, 218 gurdoni transversalis, 114 Budevska crater, Venus, 24 geochemistry, 216 hunanensis, 114 Bunyeroo Formation, 209, 210, 219, geochronology, 219 aubrite, 145 220, 221, 222 melt rock, 216, 218 augite, 159 Bushveld layered intrusion, 337 paleomagnetism, 219 Australasian strewn field, 114, 133, See also Acraman impact structure 134, 137, 138, 139, 140, 143, Acraman impact structure, South C 144, 146 Australia, 209 australite, 136, 141, 145, 146 Cabin-Medicine Lodge thrust system, Adelaid Geosyncline, 210, 220, 222 Austria, moldavites, 142 227 adularía, 167 Cabin thrust plate, 173, 225, 226, Aeneas on Dione crater, Earth, 24 227, 231, 232 aerodynamically shaped tektites, 135 B calcite, 112, 166 Al Umchaimin depression, western Barbados, tektites, 134, 139, 142, 144 calcium, 115, 116, 128 Iraq, 259 barium, 116, 169, 216 calcium oxide, 186, 203, 216 albite, 209 Barrymore crater, Venus, 44 Callisto, rings, 30 Algoman granites, 293 Basal Member, Onaping Formation, Cambodia, circular structure, 140, 141 alkali, 156, 159, 167 266, 267, 268, 271, 272, 273, Cambrian, Beaverhead impact alkali feldspar, 121, 123, 127, 211 289, 290, 295, 296, 299, 304, structure, Montana, 163, 225, 232 almandine-spessartite, 200 307, 308, 310, 311, 314 Canadian Arctic, 253 Alpes Formation, Imbrium basin, 5 basalt, 227 Canadian Shield, 265, 272, 319, 321, Altai ring, Nectaris basin, 8 basin excavation, Moon, 8 327 alumina, 124, 127, 128 156 basin ring formation, Moon, 7, 61 Canning Basin, Western Australia, aluminum, 6, 115, 163, 167 Bay of Bengal, 145 111, 112, 117 aluminum oxide, 167 Beaverhead impact structure, 163, 225 Cape York meteorite field, 337 amphibole, 121, 128, 185, 282 age, 231 carbonate rocks, 200, 227, 237, 239 amphibolite, gneiss, 226, 227 geochemistry, 163 Carlile Formation, 238, 244, 245 andesite, 227 geochronology, 163 Cartier granite, 280, 324 anhydrite, 93, 259 petrography, 16 3 cataclasites, 206 anorthosite, 7, 52, 53 size, 232 cavity collapse, 61, 63, 64, 65, 68 igneous, 16 trace elements, 168 Cayley Formation, Moon, 5 Antarctica, pseudotachylites, 171 Beaverhead Mountains, Montana, 163, Cenomanian/Turonian boundary, antimony, 116, 168 164, 225, 226 impact event, 112 apatite, 216 Bedias, Texas, tektites, 142 Central European strewn field, 133, Apennine Bench Formation, Moon, 6, bediasites, 139 137, 140, 142 11, 12 Bee Bluff, Texas, 143 central-peak craters volcanism, 17 Big Creek Formation, 226 Manson Impact Structure, 237, 239, Apennine Front, Moon, 8, 16 biotite, 121, 123, 127, 156, 185, 187, 245 Apennine mountains, 15 200, 282 Mars, 36, 38 Apennine ring, Moon, 5 Birrimian System, 251 Mercury, 36, 38 Apenninus material, Imbrium basin, 5 Black Member, Sudbury Structure, 267, Moon, 2, 31, 46 aphanites, Apollo 17, 6 269, 270, 273, 291, 304, 307, cerium, 136, 216 Apollo collections, 6, 16 308, 310, 314 cesium, 116, 168 Apollo landing sites, 6 Black Reef Décollement Zone, 180 chalcophile elements, 116 Apollo missions, 6, 65 Bohemia, moldavites, 142 Challis, Idaho, 225, 232, 233 Apollo 14, samples, 16 Bosumtwi crater, Ghana, 136, 140, Charlevoix crater, Montana, 197, 232 Apollo 15, 6 141, 145, 249, 250, 251, 255 Chelmsford Formation, 265, 276, 291, KREEP basalts, 11, 12, 13 brachiopods, 112, 114 295, 304, 307, 308, 314, 320 landing site, 11, 13, 15 breccia Chelmsford sandstone, 326 Apollo 16, melts, 6 Beaverhead impact structure, chemical weathering, 167 Apollo 17 Montana, 225, 230 Chesapeake Bay, impact crater, 143 aphanites, 6 Manson Impact Structure, 237 Chicxulub crater, Yucatán, Mexico, 29, melts, 6 Onaping Formation, 265, 266, 271, 30, 48, 93, 337 Aral Sea, 250 295, 296 chlorine, 137, 239 Archimedes crater, Moon, 12 Roter Kamm Crater, Namibia, 197 chlorite, 164, 166, 167, 185, 200, Arecibo radar images, 29, 30, 31, 39, Sudbury Structure, 265 230 42 See also pseudotachylites; Sudbury chondrites, 157, 335 argillite, 153 Breccia chromite, 135, 138 arkose, 292
343
Downloaded from http://pubs.geoscienceworld.org/books/book/chapter-pdf/958507/spe293-bm.pdf by guest on 02 October 2021 344 Index
chromium, 13, 116, 145, 168 crystallization, 14, 15 extinction mechanisms, 93 chronology, pseudotachylites, 186 temperature, 121 Cleator shear zone, Arizona, 171 Cuba, tektites, 142 F Cleopatra crater, Venus, 39, 46 cyanobacteria, 117, 119 clinochlore, 166 Falconbridge area, 277 clinopyroxene, 121, 128, 142, 145 D Farm Koppieskraal, South Africa, 183 Cobalt embayment, 324 fauna, Gondwana, 111 cobalt, 116, 145, 168 dacite, 211, 213, 214 feldspar, 121, 159, 164, 177, 185, coesite, 138, 186, 191, 198 Dakota Formation, 238 200, 202, 203, 216, 267 Colesberg Trend, 180 Damman Formation, 259, 260, 263 Flagstad crater, Venus, 24 collapse, lithospheric, Moon, 9 Deccan Trap basalt, 118 fluidization, Moon, 1, 2, 7 complex craters, Venus, 19 Deep Sea Drilling Project (DSDP) fluoride, 239 Cone Center ejecta, 16 cores, microtektites, 114, 134, Flynn Creek structure, Tennessee, 321 conodont zones, 111, 112 138, 139, 141, 142 Footwall Breccia, 290, 292, 293, 294, conodonts, 112, 114, 117 deformations, Beaverhead impact 296, 304, 305, 308, 313 Contact Sublayer, Sudbury Structure, structure, Montana, 225 See also Footwall rocks 278, 290, 291, 304, 306, 307, Descartes material, Nectaris basin, 5 Footwall rocks, 267, 295, 305, 306, 308, 331, 332, 334. See also Devonian 307, 317 Sublayer Late, impact event, 111 See also Footwall Breccia Copernicus crater, Moon, 8, 31, 55 Devonian/Carboniferous boundary, Foy Offset, Sudbury Structure, 278, copper, 143 112, 116 321 Copper Cliff Offset, Sudbury Structure, diamictite, 227 Fra Mauro Formation, Imbrium basin, 278 diamond, 155, 159 5, 16 copper-nickel ore deposits, Sudbury Dmitria hunanensis, 114 Frasnian/Femennian boundary, 111, Igneous Complex, 297, 299, 304, dolerite, 153 112, 116, 117, 118 306, 314 dolomite, 153, 253 French River fault system, 324 coptoclastites, 156 Dresden, Germany, moldavites, 142 Frood-Stobie body, Sudbury Structure, cordierite, 121, 159 Dryden area, 277 278, 280, 282, 286 Cordillera ring, Orientale basin, 4, 8, DSDP, tektites, 142, 143, 144 Frutexites, 111, 117, 119 39, 42, 43, 47 dunites, 338 Cordillera Scarp, Orientale basin, 5, 6, 63, 67 G E Cordilleran thrust belt, 225, 226 gallium, 143 Corpman crater, Venus, 24 Early crepida Zone, 111, 114, 116, Ganymede, rings, 30 corrensite, 166 117, 118, 119 Gariep marble, 198 corundum, 135, 138 Early triangularis Zone, 114, 116 garnet, 121, 126, 156, 199, 200 Cotton crater, Venus, 39 East Bull Lake, 326 Gawler Craton, South Australia, 211, crater degradation, Venus, 23, 24 East Bull Lake intrusion, Sudbury 218, 220, 221 crater depth Structure, 280 Gawler Range Volcanics, Australia, Earth, 20 East Clearwater impact melt, 335 209, 210, 211, 216, 219, 221, Mars, 19, 20 East Rand Basin, 180 222 Mercury, 19 East Range, Sudbury Structure, 266, Gawler Ranges, 210, 218, 221 Moon, 19, 20 269, 277 geochemistry Venus, 19, 23, 25 East-West Clearwater pair, 337 Acraman depression, 216 crater diameters Edenville, South Africa, 178 Beaverhead impact structure, 163 Earth, 57, 284 ejecta impact cratering, 73 Moon, 57 angle, 93 pseudotachylites, 186 crater moat, Manson Impact Structure, basin, 1, 5 geochronology 237, 239, 245, 247 composition, 93 Acraman depression, 219 craters horizon, Acraman, 209 Beaverhead impact structure, 163 complex, 107 Imbrium basin, 7, 13 geomechanical models, impact Mars, 19 Orientale basin, 7 cratering, 81 melt layer thickness, 103 Serenitatis basin, 7 Georgia, tektites, 142 simple, 105 velocity, 93 georginites, 139 See also specific craters Venus, 39, 40, 43, 47 glass, 114, 115, 126, 127, 157, 170, Cretaceous Elgygytgyn crater, Siberia, 128, 140, 172, 198 Early, 211 249 gneiss, 156, 157 Late, thrusting, 226, 227, 229 Enigma Ridge, Montana, 167, 231 gold, 178, 191 Manson Impact Structure, 237, 239, Eocene gold mineralization, 145 243, 244, 246 A1 Umchaimin depression, 259 Goldstone radar, 30 pseudotachylites, 163, 170, 171 Late, geochemical anomalies, 116 Gondwana, extinction event, 111 Cretaceous-Tertiary (K/T) boundary Late, impact event, 112, 143 grainstone, 112, 114 event, 49, 93, 111, 116, 186, epidote, 185, 230 Graneros Formation, 238, 244 237, 238, 243 Erickson Creek, Montana, 164, 172 granite, 52, 53, 156, 199, 200, 292, crinoid fragments, 114 Eucarro Dacite, 214 319 Crisium basin, Moon, 5, 61 europium, 136 granitoids, 178 cristobalite, 135 experimental studies, geochemical granodiorite, 141 cryptocrystalline, 166 aspects of impact cratering, 73 granodioritic intrusives, 141
Downloaded from http://pubs.geoscienceworld.org/books/book/chapter-pdf/958507/spe293-bm.pdf by guest on 02 October 2021 Index 345
granophyre, 267, 289, 290, 294, 297, illite, 112 Kloof gold mine, South Africa, 181, 300, 304, 307 ilmenite, 121, 159 282 granulites, metamorphic, 16 iltracataclasite, 231 Kolar schist, 337 graphite, 155, 156, 159 See also pseudotachylites Korolev basin, Moon, 4 gravity anomaly, 209 Imbrium basin, Moon, 2, 5, 6, 8, 15, KREEP, 1, 6, 11, 332, 338 Idaho, 225, 232 30, 335 volcanism, 11,16 gravity modeling, 65 age, 15 K/T boundary. See Cretaceous-Tertiary Gray Member, Onaping Formation, impact, 11, 12, 15, 17 boundary event 267, 268, 270, 272, 273, 289, impact angle model, 61 291, 294, 296, 300, 304, 307, impact basins, morphology, 2 L 308, 310, 311, 314 impact cratering graywacke, 141 geochemical aspects, 73 Lacus Autumnis, Moon, 42 Great Dyke, 184, 185 geomechanical models, 81 Lacus Veris, Moon, 42 Great Lakes region, 271 shapes, 321 Lake Acraman, 210 Green Member, Onaping Formation, Venus, 29 Lake Everard, 211, 213 266, 268, 271, 272, 273, 289, impact events, 112 Lake Gairdner, 211, 213 291, 294, 296, 300, 304, 307, See also specific impact events Lake Harris, 211 308, 310, 311, 314 impact glass, 153, 155, 157, 158 Lake Huron region, 334 Greenhorn Limestone, 238 impact melt, 5, 12, 15 Lake Superior region, 333 Greenlands Greenstone Complex, 180 impact melt sheets, 1, 6, 54 Lake Teague ring structure, Western greenstone, 180, 292, 319 Moon, 54 Australia, 321 Grenville Front, 275, 278, 317, 319, impact-shocked rocks, Beaverhead Lake Temagami, 324 320, 334 impact structure, Montana, 225 lanthanum, 216 Grimaldi ring, Moon, 45 impactites, 216 Laos, tektites, 135 groundwater chemistry, Manson composition, 156 Lappajarvi crater, Finland, 169 Impact Structure, 237 inner structure, 158 Late triangularis Zone, 117 Guangxi, South China, 112 Popigai crater, Siberia, 153 Law Canyon, Montana, 164, 166, 167, Guilbert crater, Venus, 24 Indochina coast, impact debris, 141 169, 171, 172, 173, 231 indochinites, 136, 141, 143, 144, 146 lead, 143 Inlandsee Leucogranofels terrane, 178 lead-copper-zinc ores, Sudbury H Inner Rook ring, Orientale basin, 39, Structure, 314 Haiti 42 Leaton Gulch Formation, 233 glass microtektites, 114 iridium, 111, 112, 116, 117, 145, Lebak gneiss, 280 impact glasses, 139 153, 157, 332, 335 Lebrun crater, Venus, 39 K/T boundary, 144 iron, 115, 116, 117, 126, 129, 163, lechatelierite, 115, 138 Haughton impact structure, Canada, 167, 168, 203, 216 Leeukop Hill, Soyth Africa, 183 249, 253, 268 iron-glass, 12 Lemhi Arch, Idaho, 225, 227, 232 Hayasi crater, Venus, 39 iron-nickel metal grains, 335 Lemhi Group, 227 heavy rare-earth elements (HREE), iron oxidation, 121, 124 Lemhi Mountains, Idaho, 227, 231 136, 168, 291 iron oxide, 123, 159, 167, 186, 203, Levack gneiss, 291, 293, 296, 299, Henbury cluster, 337 214, 230 311 hercynite, 121, 126, 127 Isabella basin, Venus, 39, 43 Leyster crater, Venus, 39 Hevelius Formation, Orientale basin, 5 Isabella crater, Venus, 29, 39, 43, 45, limestone, 114, 118, 153, 253, 259 Hiltaba Supersuite, 211 47, 48 lineament, 321 Himalayas, pseudotachylites, 171 Island Butte, Montana, 164, 166, 167, lithium, 143 Holocene, 211 168, 169, 172 lithospheric fracturing, Moon, 1, 2, hornblende, 121, 127, 185, 187, 211 Iturralde impact structure, Bolivia, 8 Howey Township, 324 255 Lonar crater, Earth, 335 Howey ring segment, 324 Ivory Coast strewn field, 114, 133, lonsdateite, 155 Hull crater, Venus, 39 136, 138, 140, 141, 146, 336 Lunar Orbiter mission, 65 Humorum basin, Moon, 5 Hunan, South China, 111, 112 J M Huronian Supergroup, 265, 271, 305, 319, 321, 324 Janisjarvi astrobleme, 121, 122, 123, Ma Shou-Chen crater, Venus, 21 hydrothermal alteration, 168, 231 124, 125, 127 macrotektites, 134 hydrous ferromagnesian minerals, 177 Magellan data set, 30 hypersthene, 127, 159 K hypervelocity impact structures, 111 radar images, 19, 20, 21, 22, 24, 29, hypervelocity impacts, 93,133 Kaapvaal Craton, 180, 187 30 Kalkkop structure, South Africa, 336 magmatic history, Moon, 331 Kanizsa Triangle, 322 magmatism, 12 I Karla crater, Russia, 249 magnesia, 156 Icarus crater, Moon, 24 Kazakstan desert, 250 magnesium, 6, 115, 126, 163, 167 Icriodus Kelly Lake, 280 magnesium oxide, 13, 167, 186, 203, alternatus alternatus, 114 Killarney granitic plutons, 334 216 alternatus helmsi, 114 Klenova basin, Venus, 39, 40 magnetic anomalies, Idaho, 225, 232 cornutus, 114 Klenova crater, Venus, 29, 39, 43, 45, magnetite, 121, 128, 185, 216 iowaensis, 114 47, 48 Maiden Peak, Montana, 226
Downloaded from http://pubs.geoscienceworld.org/books/book/chapter-pdf/958507/spe293-bm.pdf by guest on 02 October 2021 346 Index
Main Mass, Sudbury Igneous Complex, Moravia, moldavites, 142 Ordovician/Silurian boundary, 116, 289, 290, 292, 293, 294, 297, mudstone, 112, 245, 276 117 304, 306, 307, 310, 314, 334 multiring basin Orientale Basin, Moon, 2, 4, 6, 8, 12, Manchester Offset, Sudbury Structure, Moon, 1, 66 29, 30, 39, 42, 48, 63, 64, 66, 278, 286 Sudbury Structure, 303, 313, 319 68, 70 manganese, 116 Venus, 29, 30, 31, 39, 47 orthopyroxene, 14, 17, 121, 126, 127 Manicouagan impact melt sheet, Muong-Nuong-typer tektites, 133, 159 Moon, 6 135, 136, 139, 140, 143, 144, osmium, 145, 335 Manicouagan structure, Quebec, 55, 146 Otavi quarry, South Africa, 184, 186 197, 198, 222, 335 Murray Pluton, 290, 293 Ottawa River fault system, 324 Manson Core Drilling Project, 237 muscovite, 164, 200, 203, 204 Outer Granite Gneiss, 178 Manson Impact Structure, Iowa, 237 mylolisthenite, 277 Outer Hebrides thrust fault, Scotland, mare basalt, Moon, 6, 9, 13, 70, 335 278 Mare Crisium, Moon, 64, 65, 70 N Outer Rook ring, Orientale basin, 39, Mare Marginis, Moon, 64 42, 43, 47 Mare Orientale, Moon, 42 Namaqualand Metamorphic Complex, oxygen activity, 121 Marquez Dome crater, Earth, 24 198 Martha's Vineyard, tektites, 142 Namib Desert, 197, 198 massifs, Moon, 5, 64, 67 Nason terrane, Washington, 166, 171 P Master Bedding Fault, 180, 181 Nectaris basin. Moon, 5, 6, 8, 66, 68, packstones, 114 Matachewan diabase, 293 70 paleomagnetic pole, 209 McWhae Ridge, Canning Basin, neodymium, 216, 319 Bunyeroo, 219 Western Australia, 117 Neoproterozoic, Australia, 209 paleomagnetism, Acraman depression, Mead basin, Venus, 39, 40, 43 nested-crater model, 8 219 Mead crater, Venus, 29, 39, 43, 45, 47, New Jersey shelf crater, 143 Paleozoic 48 nickel, 116, 117, 145, 152, 157, 335 lower, arching, 226, 227 Medicine Lodge thrust system, 227 Nipissing diabase, 319, 324, 334 Manson Impact Structure, 237, 243, Medicine Lodge valley, Montana, 225, Nipissing dikes, 290, 293 244 230, 231 norite, 16, 290, 293, 297, 300, 304, palladium, 335 megaterraces, Moon, 1, 2, 8 307, 310, 317, 338 Palmatolepis Meitner basin, Venus, 39 North American microtektite layer, crepida, 114, 117 Meitner crater, Venus, 29, 39, 43, 45, 143 minuta minuta, 114 47, 48 North American strewn field, 114, 133, quadrantinodosalobata, 114 Mekong Valley area, possible crater, 137, 138, 139, 141, 142, 146 partial melting, 11, 12 141 North Carolina, pseudotachylites, 167, Parys, 198 Melt Bodies, Onaping Formation, 289, 169 peak-ring basin, Sudbury Structure, 290, 300 North China plate, 112 303, 313 melt layer North Complex, Moon, 13 peak-ring craters, Venus, 29, 31, 33, flooding, 108 North Range, Sudbury Structure, 267, 39, 45 thickness, 103 272, 275, 277, 278, 293, 294, Pelekysgnathus inclinatus, 114 melt rock 296, 297, 305, 306, 312, 317, Pepiakese intrusives, 141 Acraman depression, 216, 218 319, 326 Permian, glaciation, 221 Manson Impact Structure, 243, 244, Nott Surface, 211 Permian/Triassic boundary, 116, 245 117 melting, impact-induced, 103 petrography, Beaverhead impact O Mesoproterozoic, 210 structure, 163 Messier crater, Moon, 64, 319 oblique impact craters, 61, 62, 64 Phanerozoic, 221 Meteor Crater, Arizona, 321, 337 Ocean Drilling Program, 145 deformation, 226, 227 mica, 200, 202 Ocriodus alternatus, 114 philippinites, 145, 146 microcline, 199, 200, 203 Officer Basin, 220 phosphorus, 1, 11 microgranite, 141 Offset Dikes, Sudbury Structure, 278, phyllite, 141 microlites, 198 286, 289, 290, 304, 306, 308, picrites, 118 microspherules. See microtektites 310, 314 pigeonite, 159 microtektites, 111, 114, 116, 134, Onaping fault system, 324 pigeonite-augite, 12 138, 139, 141, 142 Onaping Formation, 265, 276, 289, Pioneer Venus, radar observations, 19, age, 144 290, 294, 296, 297, 300, 303, 20 Mississagi Formation, 280 304, 307, 310, 311, 312, 317, plagioclase, 13, 14, 17 121, 128, 159, Mistastin, Canada, 143 319 185, 199, 200, 203, 211, 214, mixtite, 237 geochemistry, 271 230, 267 models, 8, 9 Onaping Lake, 325 plagioclase feldspar, 282 See also specific models oncolites, 114 planar deformation features (PDF), moldavite strewn field, 133, 134 Onwatin Formation, 265, 269, 270, 163, 164, 167, 173, 231 moldavites, 134, 136, 142, 145 276, 291, 304, 307, 308, 314, planetary surfaces, melting, 103 Mona Lisa crater, Venus, 39, 43 320 platinum, 335 monazite, 138 Onwatin slates, 269, 273, 326 platinum-group elements, 112, 118, Montagnais crater, Nova Scotia, 143 oolites, 114 145, 218, 331, 335, 336 Montesori craters, Venus, 36 opaque oxides, 200 Pleistocene, 211 MOR ring, Moon, 4 Orange Free State gold fields, 180 Pliocene, Pale, impact event, 112
Downloaded from http://pubs.geoscienceworld.org/books/book/chapter-pdf/958507/spe293-bm.pdf by guest on 02 October 2021 Index 347
Polygnathus nodocostatus, 114 R siderophile elements, 15, 116, 119, Popigai, Siberia, 143 141, 145, 157, 209, 218, 332, radar foldover, effects of, 23 Popagai crater, Siberia, 337 334 Ramsay Lake, 280 impactites, 153 silica, 138, 156, 159 rare-earth elements (REE), 1, 11, 135, Popigay astrobleme, 121, 122, 123, silicate glass, 123 136, 168, 216, 291, 308, 311 124, 127 silicon, 115, 126, 128, 129, 163, 167 recrystallization, 202, 206, 207 Potanina crater, Venus, 39, 43 silicon oxide, 167, 186, 200, 216, Red Clastics, Midcontinent Rift potassium, 1, 11, 115, 116, 126, 128, 291, 310 System, 238, 243, 244, 245 129, 143, 163, 168, 169, 173, Siljan structure, Sweden, 221 relict minerals, 138 209, 231 siltstone, 245, 304 rhenium, 145, 332, 335 potassium feldspar, 128, 169, 170, Snake River Plain, 232 Rhonda ultramafic complex, 337 200, 209, 214, 216, 219, 231, sodium, 115, 116, 129, 156, 163, rhyodacite, 211 267 168, 231, 239 Ries astrobleme, 127 sodium oxide, 167, 203 potassium oxide, 167, 186, 203, Ries crater, Germany, 127, 136, 140, 310 South China plate, 112 142, 197, 198, 249, 268, 270 Precambrian South Range, Sudbury Structure, 277, Ring IV ring, Moon, 4 Late, impact event, 112 278, 280, 282, 290, 293, 294, Rio Cuarto crater field, Argentina, 319 pseudotachylites, 163, 170 297, 305, 306, 317, 319 Rochechouart impact structure, France, Precambrian/Cambrian boundary, Southern Province, Canadian Shield, 166, 169, 172, 177, 178, 186, 117 265, 275, 289, 304 197, 198, 206 spinel, 127 Procellarum basin, Moon, 338 Rocky Mountain foreland, 226 splash-form tektites, 135, 137, 139, Productattana sp., 114 Rodda Beds, Officer Basin, 220 143 Proterozoic Rook ring, Moon, 6 staurolite, 121, 125 Beaverhead impact structure, 163 Roter Kamm crater, Namibia, 169, Late, Beaverhead impact structure, stilpnomelane, 216 177, 178, 197 Montana, 225, 232 stishovite, 186, 191, 198 rubidium, 116, 143, 168, 169 Manson Impact Structure, 237, 243, Strangelove ocean excursions, 111, ruthenium, 116, 118 244 116, 117, 119 rutile, 135, 138 protobasins, Moon, 2 stromatolite, 111, 117 pseudotachylites structured collapse. See megaterrace Beaverhead impact structure, 163, S Sublayer, Sudbury Igneous Complex, 225, 227, 291, 299, 300, 305, 307, 310 231 samarium, 13, 319 chronology, 186 See also Contact Sublayer San River Gneiss, 185 geochemistry, 186 Sudbury basin, Ontario, 29, 30, 48, sandstone, 118, 153, 164, 167, 168, geometry, 180 265, 270, 111, 304, 312, 319, 225, 231, 237, 245, 304 modes of occurrence, 180 334 sanidine, 126, 127 orientation, 180 Sudbury Breccia, 276, 304, 305, 306, scaling, 51 spatial distribution, 180 307, 308, 312, 313, 319 scandium, 6, 116, 168, 169 Sudbury impact structure, 275 Sudbury dyke swarm, 324 Schiller crater, Moon, 3.19 Vredefort Dome, 177 Sudbury Igneous Complex (SIC), 15, schlieren, 135 Witwatersrand Basin, South Africa, 173, 265, 267, 272, 275, 284, Schródinger basin, Moon, 2 177 286, 289, 303, 312, 331 Scotland, pseudotachylites, 169 Sudbury Structure, Ontario, 11, 58, pseudotachylytes. See Sculptured Hills material, Serenitatis pseudotachylites 155, 167, 171, 172, 173, 177, basin, 5 Puchezh-Katunki structure, Russia, 81, 178, 197, 198, 207, 222, 265, secondary craters, Moon, 1, 5 289 121, 122, 127, 128 seismic events, 198 dimensions, 311 pyrite, 166 selenium, 116, 143, 168 evolution, 313 pyroxene, 13, 17, 123, 124, 127, 156, Senzeilles, Belgium, 116, 119 formation, 303,313 185, 267 Serenitatis basin, Moon, 5, 6, 15, suevite, 153, 155, 156, 157, 158, 335 159, 268, 307, 314 age, 16 Q sulfide, 166 Serenitatis impact, 11 sulfur, 299 Qidong, Hunan Province, South China, sericite, 185, 230 sulphide ores, 299, 308, 320 112 Shakespeare-Dunlop intrusion, Summerhouse Formation, 227, 231 Qidong Section, 112, 114 Sudbury Structure, 280 Superior Province, Canadian Shield, quartz, 48, 112, 115, 121, 122, 138, shale, 209, 219, 237, 243, 244, 245, 265, 275, 289, 304 163, 164, 166, 167, 177, 178, 304 186, 191, 199, 200, 202, 203, Superior-Southern Province boundary, shatter cones, 163, 164, 170, 173, 209, 211, 216, 219, 244, 259, Earth, 48 183, 191, 214, 225, 276, 277, 267, 282 Sweden, pseudotachylites, 171 306, 319 quartz-biotite schists, 125 Shetianqiao Formation, 112, 114, quartz gabbros, 293, 297, 300, 304, 117 T 307, 310, 317 shock metamorphism, 121, 163, 164, quartzite, 118, 153, 172, 198, 204, tagamite, 153, 155, 156, 158, 159 173 Taihu Lake impact crater, 118 226, 227, 277 shock-thermal decomposition, Quaternary, Zhamanshin impact tantalum, 116 minerals, 123 structure, 249 Tarim plate, 112 Shocked Footwall rocks, 304, 306 Quebec, pseudotachylites, 171 Taurus-Littrow basin, Moon, 11 See also Footwall rocks
Downloaded from http://pubs.geoscienceworld.org/books/book/chapter-pdf/958507/spe293-bm.pdf by guest on 02 October 2021 348 Index
tektites, 93, 103, 142 uplift model, 65 Welkom, Orange Free State, 178 aerodynamically shaped, 135 Upper Freshwater-Molasse unit, 42 West African Coast, microtektites, ages, 138, 144 uranium, 116, 137, 168, 178 141 gas content, 144 West Clearwater Lake structure, meteoritic component, 144 Quebec, 321 Muong-Nong-type, 133, 135, 136, V West Rand Group, 180 139, 140, 143, 144, 146 Whistle Offset, Sudbury Structure, 278 origin, 133 vanadium, 116 Whitewater Group, 265, 269, 275, production processes, 143 Venera 15/16, radar observations, 19, 304, 305, 307 source craters, 139 20, 21, 22, 23, 29, 30, 31 Wilbert Formation, 227, 231 source rocks, 136 Ventersdorp Contact Reef, 181, 187 Wilkes Land gravity anomaly, splash-form, 135, 137, 139, 143 Ventersdorp Contact Reef fault zone, Antarctica, 140 terrestrial origin, 145, 146 187 Witwatersrand Basin, South Africa, water content, 143 Venus, basins, 29 177, 270, 282 Tendoy Mountains, Montana, 163, Vermillion Member ores, 314 pseudotachylites, 177 164, 225, 226 vesicles, 231 Wutong Formation, 118 Tenticospirifer pseudotachylites, 171, 173, 198 kwangsiensis, 114 Sudbury Structure, 282, 291 mesosulcana, 114 Viking observations, Mars, 36 X terrace terrane, Manson Impact viscosity, Venus, 47, 48 Structure, 237, 239, 244 volatiles, 163 xenoliths, 118, 170, 172, 216, 231, Tertiary volatilization, 143 331, 332, 334 extension, 226, 229 volcanic flood basalts, 11 Xikuangshan Formation, 112, 114, pseudotachylites, 163, 171 volcanism, 11,17 117 thorium, 12, 13, 15, 116, 137, 168 Earth, 17 titanium, 6, 167, 186, 203 Moon, 61, 70 titanomagnetite, 209 Venus, 31, 39, 44, 48 Y Tonle Sap, Cambodia, 141 Vorotilovo drill hole, 127 trace elements, Beaverhead impact Vorotilovsky uplift, 81 Yardea Dacite, 209, 210, 211, 213, structure, 168 Vredefort Axis, 178 214, 216, 218, 221, 222 transient cavity, Moon, 8 Vredefort Discontinuity, 180 Yucatán, Mexico, 48 Transvaal, northern, 167 Vredefort Dome. See Vredefort Structure Yunnanella Triassic/Jurassic boundary, 116 Vredefort Ridge, South Africa. See fauna, 114, 117 trilobites, 114 Vredefort Structure synplicata, 114 troctolites, 16, 338 Vredefort Structure, South Africa, 11, Yunnanellina trydimite, 159 167, 172, 177, 197, 198, 206, fauna, 114, 117 tsunami model, 8 207, 276, 278, 280, 321 hanburyi, 114 tungsten, 116 pseudotachylites, 177 turbidites, 304 Tycho crater, Moon, 11, 31 z W Zhamanshin impact feature, U Wanapitei, Canada, 143 Kazakhstan, 138, 140, 249 ultracataclasis, 172 Wanapitei impact, 324 zinc, 137, 143 unified impact model, Sudbury Wanapitei Lake, 324 zircon, 135, 138, 164, 216 Structure, 290, 303 Wanapitei ring segment, 324 zirconium, 216
Downloaded from http://pubs.geoscienceworld.org/books/book/chapter-pdf/958507/spe293-bm.pdf by guest on 02 October 2021 Typeset by WESType Publishing Services, Inc., Boulder, Colorado Printed in U.S.A. by Johnson Printing, Boulder, Colorado
Downloaded from http://pubs.geoscienceworld.org/books/book/chapter-pdf/958507/spe293-bm.pdf by guest on 02 October 2021 3300 Penrose Place • PO Box 9140 • Boulder. Colorado 80301
Contents PLANETARY CONSTRAINTS AND PERSPECTIVES 1. The Large Impact Process Inferred from the Geology of Lunar Multiring Basins 1 2. Coincidence in Time of the Imbrium Basin Impact and Apollo 15 KREEP Volcanic Flows 11 3. Evidence from Magellan for Unexpectedly Deep Complex Craters on Venus 19 4. Large Impact Craters and Basins on Venus, with Implications for Ring Mechanics on the Terrestrial Planets 29 5. The Effects of Differential Scaling of Impact Melt and Crater Dimensions on Lunar and Terrestrial Craters 51 6. The Crisium Basin 61 PROCESSES AND EFFECTS OF IMPACT CRATERING 7. Experimental Studies of Geochemical Aspects of Impact Cratering 73 8. Geomechanical Models of Impact Cratering 81 9. Hypervelocity Impact: Ejecta Velocity, Angle, and Composition 93 10. Impact-Induced Melting of Planetary Surfaces 103 11. A Late Devonian Extraterrestrial Impact and Extinction in Eastern Gondwana 111 12. The Conditions of Shock Metamorphism 121 PRODUCTS OF IMPACT CRATERING 13. Tektite Origin by Hypervelocity Asteroidal or Cometary Impact 133 14. Impactites from Popigai Crater 153 15. Pseudotachylites of the Beaverhead Impact Structure 163 16. Pseudotachylites of the Vredefort Dome and the Surrounding Witwatersrand Basin, South Africa 177 17. Breccia Veins and Dykes Associated with the Roter Kamm Crater, Namibia 197 INVESTIGATIONS OF TERRESTRIAL IMPACT CRATERS 18. Acraman: A Major Impact Structure from the Neoproterozoic of Australia 209 19. Allochthonous Impact-Shocked Rocks and Superimposed Deformations at the Beaverhead Site in Southwest Montana 225 20. Preliminary Results of the U.S. Geological Survey-Iowa Department of Natural Resources Geological Survey Bureau Manson Core Drilling Project 237 21. The Zhamanshin Impact Feature 249 22. Al Umchaimin Depression, Western Iraq 259 THE SUDBURY STRUCTURE — ORIGIN AND EVOLUTION 23. Origin of the Polymict, Allochthonous Breccias of the Onaping Formation, Sudbury Structure, Ontario, Canada 265 24. Pseudotachylytic Rock Distribution and Genesis Within the Sudbury Impact Structure 275 25. Isotope Systematics Support the Impact Origin of the Sudbury Structure 289 26. The Formation of the Sudbury Structure, Canada 303 27. Lineament Analysis of the Sudbury Multiring Impact Structure ... 319 28. Sudbury Igneous Complex 331
Downloaded from http://pubs.geoscienceworld.org/books/book/chapter-pdf/958507/spe293-bm.pdf by guest on 02 October 2021