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Federaj Register I Vol. 58, No. 86 I Thursday, May 6, 1993 I Notices

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Federaj Register I Vol. 58, No. 86 I Thursday, May 6, 1993 I Notices 21162 FederaJ Register I Vol. 58, No. 86 I Thursday, May 6, 1993 I Notices ~~~~~.-~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~ DEPARTMENT OF THE INTElqlOR The SnoqualmIe are classified areas had largely dispersed and more culturally and linguistically as Southern tribel members and moved to Bureau or Indian Affair. Coast Salish, a subdivision of the Coast reservations. After the tum of the Salish of the Puget Sound region. At the century the geographically distinct Proposed Finding for Federal time of the treaty, and for several Snoqualmie settlements began to break Acknowledgment of the Snoqualmie decades before, the Snoqualmie up. Dispersion of the Snoqualmie Indian Tribe consisted of atleam 18 winter villages continued ovar the next 50 years (1914- 1956), although most members April 26. 1993. located along the Snoqualmie River. These villages were centered on one or remained w1tliin or adjacent to AGENCY: Bureau of Indiru: A fffLirs. several multi-family longhouses. traditional Snoqualmie territory. The Interior. The Snoqualmie tribe WBS a slogle. membership narrowed in the 1940's and AcnON: Notice of proposdl finding. distinct social unit. united by kinShip 1950's as many reservation residents and other ties. The tribe shared 8 affiliated with the Snoqualmie shifted SUMMARY: Pursuant to 25 CFR 83.9(0. common name and territory and was allegiance to the reservations. which notice is hereby given tluit the Assistant somewhat distinct from neighboring were becoming distinct social and Secretary proposes to acknowledge that Coast Salish tribes in culture and political units. There continued to be an the Snoqualmie lodian Tlibe. c/o Mr. language. Until the mid-1840's the off-reservation centered social and Ronald Lauzon. 18525 Ne,v'elty Hill Snoqualmie may not have been a single political body of Snoqualmie. Road. Redmond. Washin~~on !J8052, political unit In the sense of having an Although they no longer had separato elds.s as an Indian tribe within the overall leader. Within the tribe. a settlements. there Is strong evidence meaning of Federal law. nus notice is distinction was made between the that the tribe maintained a distinct based on a detennination that the tribe Upper Snoqualmie In the villages on the social community during this period. meets the seven mandatoJY criteria set prairie above Snoqualmie Falls. and the This evidence Includes continued forth in 25 CFR 83.7. Therefom. the Lower Snoqualmie In the villages below intermarriage with Snoqualmie or other Snoqualmie lodian Tribe meets the the Falls. Puget Sound Indians. closeness of requirements necessary fer a Marriage outside the village and tribe kinship ties linking major family government-to-govemmellt re!.ationship was the norm for the Snoqualmie and groupings, maintenance of a distinct with the United States, othor Coast Salish. Puget Sound tribes culture. Including language and DATES: As provided by 25 CFR 83.9(8). traditionally were cohesive groupings religion. and the existence of strong any individual or organi:wtion wishing within a broader network of Idnship. internal political processes under the to challenge the proposed finding may social. and economic relationships.The leadership of Jerry Kanim. Additional submit factual or legal Brgllments and social organization of these tribes has evidence of long-term social evidence to rebut the evidence relied retained much of this character up tt;) relationships and interaction is the upon. This material must tl<a su.bmitted the present. The acknowledgment regular tribal social gatherings held at within 120 calendar days from the date criteria regarding community and certain holidays. Supporting evidence Is of publication of this notic:el. politlcallnfluence have In this case the observations of knowledgeable FOR FURTHER IHFOIUttAllOH CONT'ACT: bean evaluated in terms of this contemporary observers. such as Charles Holly Reckord. (202) 208-3592. particular Coast Salish soelal Roblin and other lodlan agents. that the organization and culture. Snoqualmie were a distinct social SUPPLEMENTARY INfORMATIo>t'4: Ibis After traditional settlements were community. notice is published In the 9:~erdse of disrupted by white settlers In the There Is less detailed and extensive authority delegated by the Socl'etary of 1860's, the Snoqualmie reestablished evidence for social community for the the Interior to the Assisttul t Secretary­ three distinct settlement areas: on the period betweon 1956 and 1981 than Indian Affairs by 209 DM ,j. Upper Snoqualmie prairie, including a thore is for the time periods before and The Snoqualmie Indian Tribo is based settlement called Meadowbrook; in the after. However, the available evidence is in King County, Washington. Olll or near Lower Snoqualmie area near the sufficient to demonstrate that a land that was traditionally find aboriginal villages at Tolt and Fall City; significant level of social community aboriginally Snoqualmie. ':-he tribe's and at Lake Sammamish. outside but was maintained. The Snoqualmie did first sustained contact w1tll Eura­ adjecent to traditional Snoqualmie not become more widely dispersed Americans began In 1833. Extensive territory. Community longhouses were geographically during this period. settlement by non-lodlans in the Puget maintained in each of these areas and remaining within an area close enough Sound area began In the lato 1840·s. much of the traditional culture was to allow maintenance of community leading to the 1855 Treaty of Point retained. including language. religion. social relations. Elliott between the Snoqm lmie and and social organization and marriage There continued to be a considereble other neighboring tribes 6Il d: thl) United patterns. There wera few marriages with degree of close kinship lies within the States. From that time until the present. non-lodians. tribe and kin and sociallink.ages with the petitioner has been identifiod Some Snoqualmie moved to the other Puget Sound Indians. since repeatedly as being American Indian by Tulalip Reservation after 1860. but most marriage within the Snoqualmie was Federal authorities, State and local did not because of its limited land and common until the 1920's and within governments, civil, religiolls, and the fllct that it was outside of Puget Sound Indian society until the recreational organizations. scholars and Snoqualmie territory. Those tribel 1950·s. However. the degree of sociel other writers. newspapers iUld books. members who moved to the reservation interaction and social ties was federallr recognized Indiall tribes, and maintained social and political ties with somewhat diminished from previous nationa and I'egionallndien those in the off-reservation settlements eras. A significant. though diminishing organizations. The petitioner hels also and the Snoqualmie remained a distinct amount of distinct cultura was also been viewed historically 81 being social community. maIntained. Th~ clearest evidence of distinct from other Indian 1ribos in By 1914. when the tribe began a this was Snoqualmie participation In western Washington, as WE Ll as from political reorganization under Jerry the Indian Shaker Church. the lodian other popu)ationsln that a:~ia. Kanim. the distinct tribal settlement Smok.ehouse religion. and some I-ieinOnllne 58 Fed, Reg. 27162 1993 United States Department of the Interior, Office of Federal Acknowledgement SNQ-V001-D005 Page 1 of 3 Fedt:ral Register I VoL 58, No. 86 I Thursday, May 6, 1993 I Notices 21163 ~~~~~.-~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~ continued traditional religious beliefs significance is particularly strong time, and reflected shared community among the older generation. concerning how they manlf6$t values concerning leadership. Member5hip In the tribe requIred themselves in political contexts. Kanim was 8 strongly influential demonstration of v.. or mora Conflicts between family groups are figure within the Snoqualmie Snoqualmie blood degree, I.Itd tlile considered a prominent political throughout his tenure from 1914 until average blood degree In pnlctice, was element. his d~ath in 1956. He was a strong higher. TbJs demonstrates that the The evidence of Snoqualmie political speaker. enjoyed high prestige Snoqualmie were more thall me:rely a processes In the modem community, throughout the group. and was blown group of distantiy related dal>Cendants which is more clearly and extensively for his ability to influence community of Indians. documonted than is direct evidence of opinion on political and social issues. There was more evidenCE' Ifor social community, demonstrates that Two critlcalissues that Kanim continuing political proceSJlB8 for tho significant social relationships and a addressed throughout his tenure were period between 1956 and NIH than significant degree of social contact exist. seeking land for the Snoqualmie to there was concerning sodal community. At the time of first sustained contact settle upon and maintenance of fishing This evidence establishes tl1ftt with Eu.ro-Americans in the 1830's. and bunting rights under the treaties. significant, nonc06rcive po:lItical leader5hip and other political processes Land was of critical importance for the processes continued. These pro\1de within the Snoqualmie were exorcised Snoqualmie because they had lost their evidence for community be:llU80 they at the village level andJor within lands during the first decade of the 20th required and were based on the nonlocal1zad Unship groups. The century. and there was insufficient existence of social ties and Snoqualmie tribe probably did not reservation land to allot to them.
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