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Ein Neues Verfahren Zur Bewertung Von Runflat-Reifen Ein Beitrag Auf Dem Weg Zum Reserveradlosen Pkw

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Ein Neues Verfahren Zur Bewertung Von Runflat-Reifen Ein Beitrag Auf Dem Weg Zum Reserveradlosen Pkw Ein neues Verfahren zur Bewertung von Runflat-Reifen ein Beitrag auf dem Weg zum reserveradlosen Pkw Maik Jeschor Ein neues Verfahren zur Bewertung von Runflat-Reifen – ein Beitrag auf dem Weg zum reserveradlosen Pkw Von der Fakultät Maschinenwesen der Technischen Universität Dresden zur Erlangung des akademischen Grades Doktoringenieur (Dr.-Ing.) genehmigte Dissertation vorgelegt von Dipl.-Ing. Maik Jeschor aus Naumburg / S. Dresden, Juli 2005 Gutachter der Dissertation: Prof. Dr.-Ing. habil. Horst Brunner Prof. Dr.-Ing. habil. Karl-Ludwig Kotte Dr. Bernd R. Löwenhaupt Tag der Einreichung: 08. März 2004 Tag der Verteidigung: 05. Juli 2005 Vorwort Die vorliegende Arbeit entstand während meiner Tätigkeit als wissenschaftlicher Mitarbeiter und Verantwortlicher für die Reifenprüfungen am Institut für Verbrennungsmotoren und Kraftfahrzeuge (IVK) der Technischen Universität Dresden. An dieser Stelle möchte ich mich bei allen bedanken, die auf unterschiedlichste Art und Wei- se zum Gelingen der Arbeit beigetragen haben. Mein erster Dank gilt Herrn Prof. Dr.-Ing. habil. Horst Brunner, dem Leiter des Lehrstuhls für Kraftfahrzeug- und Antriebstechnik, der mit großem Interesse und wertvollen Hinweisen die Arbeit über die Jahre begleitet hat. Die Finanzierung meiner Arbeit und ein Großteil der zur Verfügung gestellten Versuchsreifen verdanke ich der Zusammenarbeit mit der Dunlop GmbH. Deswegen gilt hier mein Dank Herrn Dr. Manfred Gerresheim, dem Direktor Forschung & Entwicklung (bis 31.12.2000) und Herrn Peter Becker, dem Leiter Reifenentwicklung, die mit umfangreichen Aufträgen speziell zu Runflat-Reifen mit halfen, die Arbeit voranzutreiben. Für die Übernahme des externen Gutachtens bedanke ich mich bei Dr. Löwenhaupt, dem der- zeitigen Direktor Forschung & Entwicklung der Dunlop GmbH. Mein besonderer Dank gilt Herrn Rudolf Hein, dem Leiter Rad-/Reifenkonzepte, -systeme und Prüfstandversuch und Herrn Anton Wölfl, von der EG-541 (Betriebsfestigkeit) der BMW AG, die mit speziellen Aufträgen, Fragestellungen und Hinweisen zu besonderen Prob- lemen der Fahrwerksbelastung bei dem Einsatz von Runflat-Reifen die Arbeit konstruktiv bereicherten. Für die vielen nützlichen Hinweise und Anregungen vor allem in Bezug auf die Betriebsfes- tigkeit bedanke ich mich bei Prof. Dr.-Ing. habil. Karl-Ludwig Kotte. Mein weiterer Dank gilt Herrn Stefan Eckert, Prüfstandsmechaniker am Prüffeld Fahrwerks- technik, der bei der Durchführung der unzähligen Versuche ein großes Engagement zeigte. Und nicht zuletzt möchte ich mich bei meiner Frau und meinen beiden Kindern bedanken, die mir beim Korrekturlesen, der Motivierung, der Schaffung von Freiraum und viel Verständnis die Fertigstellung der Arbeit ermöglichten. Inhaltsverzeichnis V Inhaltsverzeichnis INHALTSVERZEICHNIS............................................................................................ V ABKÜRZUNGEN UND EIGENNAMEN .................................................................. VIII FORMELZEICHEN UND INDIZES............................................................................ IX 1 EINLEITUNG ................................................................................................... 1 2 STAND DER TECHNIK IN DER REIFENENTWICKLUNG ............................. 3 2.1 Allgemein....................................................................................................................... 3 2.1.1 Forschung / Vorentwicklung.................................................................................. 3 2.1.2 Reifenentwicklung / Freigabe ................................................................................ 8 2.2 Notlaufsysteme............................................................................................................ 10 2.2.1 Ziel aller Notlaufsysteme ..................................................................................... 10 2.2.2 Geschichtlicher Rückblick ................................................................................... 11 2.2.3 Aktuelle Notlaufsysteme...................................................................................... 12 2.2.4 Runflat-Untersuchung bei BMW ......................................................................... 15 2.2.5 Fülldruck-Warnsysteme ....................................................................................... 17 3 AUFGABENSTELLUNG UND ZIELSETZUNG............................................. 18 4 GRUNDSATZUNTERSUCHUNGEN ............................................................. 21 4.1 Steifigkeiten................................................................................................................. 21 4.1.1 Methodik .............................................................................................................. 23 4.1.2 Ergebnisse ............................................................................................................ 23 4.1.3 Fazit...................................................................................................................... 27 4.2 Konturverhalten......................................................................................................... 30 VI Inhaltsverzeichnis 4.2.1 Methodik .............................................................................................................. 31 4.2.2 Ergebnisse ............................................................................................................ 32 4.2.3 Fazit...................................................................................................................... 34 4.3 Schwingverhalten ....................................................................................................... 35 4.3.1 Untersuchungen auf der glatten Stahltrommel..................................................... 36 4.3.2 Schlagleistenuntersuchungen ............................................................................... 47 4.3.3 Fazit zum Schwingungsverhalten......................................................................... 69 4.4 Zusammenfassung Grundsatzuntersuchungen ....................................................... 71 5 FAHRWERKSBELASTUNG ......................................................................... 72 5.1 Methodik ..................................................................................................................... 72 5.2 Datenaufbereitung...................................................................................................... 73 5.2.1 Allgemein............................................................................................................. 74 5.2.2 Übergangsklassierung (Peak through counting) .................................................. 77 5.2.3 Zyklenauswertungen ............................................................................................ 79 5.2.4 Beispiel................................................................................................................. 83 5.2.5 Fazit...................................................................................................................... 85 5.3 Abschätzung des Einflusses auf die Lebensdauer ................................................... 86 5.3.1 Theorie ................................................................................................................. 88 5.3.2 Auswertungen....................................................................................................... 92 5.3.3 Fazit...................................................................................................................... 96 5.4 Vergleich mit Fahrversuch........................................................................................ 97 5.5 Zusammenfassung Fahrwerksbelastung.................................................................. 98 6 KOMFORTBEWERTUNG ........................................................................... 100 6.1 Theoretische Aspekte zum Reifenkomfort............................................................. 101 6.1.1 Allgemein........................................................................................................... 101 6.1.2 Beschleunigungen .............................................................................................. 102 6.1.3 Schluckvermögen............................................................................................... 102 Inhaltsverzeichnis VII 6.2 Methodik ................................................................................................................... 103 6.3 Ergebnisse ................................................................................................................. 103 6.3.1 Beschleunigungen .............................................................................................. 103 6.3.2 Schluckvermögen............................................................................................... 107 6.4 Zusammenfassung Komfortbewertung.................................................................. 107 7 NOTLAUFVERHALTEN.............................................................................. 109 7.1 Methodik ................................................................................................................... 110 7.2 Theoretische Auswertungen.................................................................................... 110 7.2.1 Radius Rad ......................................................................................................... 110 7.2.2 Schlupf Rad.......................................................................................................
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