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NOMINATION FORM - - - for NPS USE ONLY I - ENTRY NUMBER DATE (Continuation Sheet) $1, I Tern 7, P 1 I

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NOMINATION FORM - - - for NPS USE ONLY I - ENTRY NUMBER DATE (Continuation Sheet) $1, I Tern 7, P 1 I 00 i-7 - .. ...-., . --. _ .. -- .... .. - -...> - - -- FILE lFo RT. N o~wL~-/;.,,-4 '-L1? Fnrm NO. 10-300 /8/23/~/~-rt~5i:~fi1!fl:~:2 Ttg I FOXNPSUSEGNLY I ! *a; \ NATIONAL PARK SERVICE t: :6. F - , . RECEIVEfJ +.%,ys,V:4 2,: I NATIONAL REGISTER ;IF HISTORIC PLACES KNY'X.NT'OR?l -- Mo%Xl'NA'I?OPdFORFA 1: DATE ENTERED E ; SEE INSTRUCTIONS IN HOW TO COMPLE7ENATIONAL REGISTER FORMS r TYPE ALL tNTR1ES -- COM PLETE APPLICABLE SECTlONS I ::P LNAME I;' i AMDiOR COMMON Fort Norfolk 1J14L 5 STREET a NUMBER 803 Front Street r 4 -NOT FOR PUB LlCAf ION ctn. TOWN CONGRESSIONAL DISTRICT I Norfolk - V~CINITYO F Secorr rI i~rn-1 STATE CODE COUNTY CODE J I Virginia 51 ITn Citvl 710 mi h j-~CMSSIFICATION r! CATEGORY OWNERSHIP STATUS PFIE5EP)T USE KOISTR~CT ?!-PUBLIC -OCCUPIEDX AGRICULTURE AUSEUM ,BUILOINGIS) -PRIVATE -Y NOCCUPIEO -COMMERCIAL -P4RK -STRUCTURE -BOTH -WOFIK IN PROGRESS _EOUCATlONAL -PRIVATE RESIDENCE -SITE PPIBCf C ACQUISITION ACCESS! BE -ENTERTAINMENT -RE LIGIOCS -OBJECT -IN PFIDCESS %ES: RESTRICTED XGOVERNMENT-SCIENTIF1C -BEING CONSIDEHE0 -YES: UNAESTR1CTED -INDUSTRIAL -TRANSPORTATION -NO -MILITARY -0TUEA NAME Unitecl States--C:overment--- (U.S. Army, Corps of Engineers) STREET & NUMBER 803 Front Street CITY. TOWN STATE t Norfolk - VICINITY OF Virgin%a 23510 a~oc~~ro~OF LEGAL DESCRIPTION COURTHOUSE. REGISTRY O'oEEDS*ETC* United States Govemmert (U. S, Amy, Corps of Engineers) STREET & hUMBER 803 Front Street CITY. TOWN STATE Norfolk Vtr~ini~23510 hai. XEPRESENTAIFION IN EXISTING SUXVEYS I/ * TITLE --. i-~l~i-~)ri~American Ruildings Survey Inventory I I DATE 1958 XFEOERAL ,STATE -.counn -LOCAL DEPOSITORY FOR SURVEY RECORDS Library cf C:ongress CITY. TOWN STATE 17 - Washington D. C. .. -- . ., . Q Exis.ll.nt Good Fair D.1.rie.rot.d rn Ruins U Un.rpes.d CONDI.TION . , , . (Check On.) (check On*) t i . ;. a A1t.c.d rn Uno1t.r.d Mowd 00,ipin~lSit. ....i !:' a .r, . , , , ! : ilESCRleE TYE PRFSENT AND OF~IalNAL(ilr*no-~)PHIOlCIL APPEAIkHCE Fort Norfolk contains approximately 10 acres of land on the shore of the Elizabeth River. The original brick walls, magazine, quarters, and mess are in good condition. The original buildings, plus a number of later structures, serve as the district office for the U. S. Army Engineer District, Norfolk. F;om a "Report of the State Quarters, Buildings, Etc. at Fort Norfolk Harbour,of Norfolk, Virginia on 7th Sept. 1824:" ' t... I in - all of brick and well coated with a yellow paint."\ , .. I . f ~ui&iing No. 1 -. "a substantial two2.&toryhouse -for officers 'quarters con- taining;foy ground and four upper'rok with cellars and out , .... , .. i , ,Biild.ixig. - No. 2 - soldiers' barrdcks, 1%stories "containing three ground and three upper rooms - at one end a bake house - in good order." . , .~~ , . I >.. ... ., , ,: ...... ~uildin~No. 3 - 1%story soldiers barracks with 3 ground and 3 upper rooms "in indifferent . order." .... .. .. - z Building No. 4 - 2 story, "contttining two ground rooms for carpenter's u. shop and one upper for a store room" - in good order. -I . " +. w- Building No. 5 -.a guard hoke - in good order. c .... ,. , .... n 6 .... -I Building No. ....,-.. a magazine .....- in good order. - P,- Building No. 7 "a shot Fu . z ...........-- . w ' Building No. 8 -. "a Black ,,,:' ..:.....:. .I ..... ... .,." : : , :> . ~ .....-. ."..' Building No. 9 - an outhouse. .! ,: :. .,,, :, ,: A visitor to Norfolk in the second decade of the nineteenth century de- scribed the fort as "a strong fortification with a brick wall, in the shape of a half-moon." (See Wertenbaker 6 Schlegel, "Norfolk, Historic Southern Port," page 142.) I Local historian William S. Forrest described the fort in 1853: I "This is a circular brick fort, on the north side of the river, and about a mile from the western limits of the city. It has been long neglected, and is fast falling into ruins. Fort Norfolk is situated nearly opposite the U. S. Naval ~os~ihal;rhe site of old Fort Nelson. These forts were, of , course, intended to guard the enflrance:tolkh& harbour. During the war (1812), an immense chain was extended across the river from these two points." See woadcut of "Interior of Old Fort Norfolk in 1853" in Benson Lossing's "Field Book of the Wae of 1812," page 668. (see continuation sheet #l) . - -~- - ~~r,lloljo~. UNITED STATES DEPARTMENT OF THE INTERIOR STC~E . , - [.I<., 1969f0?/1, NATIONAL PARK SERVICE Virginia j.- . , .<, %/,//\,. - )NATIONAL REGISTER OF HISTORIC PLACES Ca""TyNorfolk ' . ,$.% ',.A, V 1 ICi tv nf) , INVENTORY NOMINATION FORM - - - FOR NPS USE ONLY I - ENTRY NUMBER DATE (Continuation Sheet) $1, I tern 7, p 1 I local historian Reverend W. H. T. Squires in 1936: --. 1,-The rounded front of the fort facing the river rises 12 feet or more from the lawn. Beneath the velvet green of the lawn, solid brick work, 20 feet thick lies behind the front of the bastion. Behind and below the bastion the magazine was built, approximately 100 feet long and half as wide. The walls of this building are of brick four feet i thick capped with hewn stone, and constructed in bays, supported by huge Roman arches for greater resistance and protection. The roof rests upon hand- I carved pillars of stone. Behind the magazine are two smaller buildings called 'shells.' We suppose the shells were for the storage of other commodities than powder. Near one shell an old-fashioned refrigerator, large enough to preserve meat for a small army, is built into andinndarthe artificial mound that continues the bastion, swinging eastward to face the approach by land. Even to this day, long unused, the stout oaken door on handwrought hinges is in excellent repalr. Steps lead up the bastlon beside the great gate. A little frame house crowns the top. The custodian, ?hj.H. R. Cole, Acting D. E., invited me with- in, opened a trap, and pointed to an immense cistern filled with rain water, a reservoir which would insure any garrison a copious supply. In the center of the lawn, which extends from the perpendicular front of the I bastion to the bulkhead by the water's edge, the national flag floats in the breeze. A mtle directly south one catches a glimpse of the Stars and Stripes on the grounds of the Naval Hospital, once Fort Nelson. I The residence which had housed many officers and their families and which in later years was used for offices by the Engineers of the United States Army, is now tenantless. Its broad porches, fine old fireplaces, with mantels above them, the halls, rooms and even the kitchens and cellars are intact. 11 Still standing are the officers' quarters, powder magazine, gatehouse, and brick bastion. The Norfolk Engineer District with its headquarters, or District Office, at Norfolk, Virginia, was established in 1879, with Captain Charles B. Phillips as District Engineer. For about 20 years previous to 1923 the Norfolk District Office occupied quarters in the U. S. Custom House, Norfolk, Virginia. In June 1923, the of- fice was removed to Fort Norfolk. The District Engineer and office personnel, consisting of 27 persons, occupied the residence, an old, two story brick building, four other buildings within the reservation being occupied by store- house, space for blueprint machinery, garage, etc. In 1935 the District Engineer and office personnel vacated the Fort Norfolk Reservation, with ex- ception of the wharf and the buildings at the north end of the reservation and (se? cont,ir.*ation qhont. A?\ C-2A GPO 921.724 Form 10-XOo UNITED STATES DEPARTMENT OF THE INTERIOR (Jury 1969) NATIONAL PARK SERVICE NATIONAL REGISTER OF HISTORIC PLACES (City of) INVENTORY - NOMINATION FORM FOR NPS USE ONLY I 7,p2 ENTRY NUMBER DnTE (Continuation Sheet) 82, tern I (~Vumherall entrlos) outside the Fort proper, and moved to the Federal Building in Norfolk. On 1 June 1942 the District Engineer and greatly expanded office personnel re- moved to the Fort Norfolk Reservation. The new quarters included five new two-story frame office buildings and the renovated original brick structures, besides garage and docks. Historic structures remaining today are the powder-storage magazine, enlisted men's quarters, officers' mess, officers' quarters, and, of course the brick wall ." (soe continuation sheet 8 4) J C-2B GPO 921-724 , 2.SIGNIF~CANCE I FERlOO (Ch-ek On. or .More as ApproPrla1.J I 0Pre-Colurnbion 016th ~.~tury' 18th C.ntuq B201h Cenwry 015th C.ntuv 017th Century Q 19th Century SPECIFIC OATE(SI ~IIAPPI;~.~I~mdKnom) late 1700s to present , AREAS OF 51CNIFICANCE fCh.ck Om. or More as Appropriate) Aboriginel Cf:~d~~~ti~.. ..., .aPoli'!c?? -... -:. ..='?rben Pkmnin~-.~ Prehistoric Eogin..ring R.ii9ion/Phi- . a 0th.r (~p.~if~) Historic Industry losophy , 0Agri~ltur. 0inr.ntion 0Scienc. Archit.ctur. OL~ndscop. 0Scutp~ur. Art Archir.el"r. C Social/Hun*n- . Cornrn.rce Liieretur. 0 itorirn . Communications QMilit~r~ 17 Th+at.r Cons-rwtiom Mvsis 0Trmsperhrtion STATEMENT OF SICNIPICAMCE The Fort was started by the citizens .of Norfolk during the Revolutionary War. It was built on private property, sothe Second Congress appropriated funds to purchase the Fort. It was transferred' to federal ownership on . 21 Nay 1795. .-.,.,. - .7 .--.. ~. The Fort was manned during the threatened warn with England in 1807 and again during the War of 1812.. On 22J-1813 the complement of Fort Norfol joined with other forces in defeating the British at the Battle of Craney Island:. ,. ''During the Civil War, steps were taken to fortify Norfolk: . Earthworks were erected at Hospital Point (Fort Nelson), a battery set up at Port Norfolk, the works at Craney Island repairedand a battery placed~on Sewclls Point. It was on the last-named place that the first encounter with the Federal Navy took place.." - .
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