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Home , Bambalapitiya, Battaramulla, Borella, Dehiwala, Fort (Colombo), Kadawatha

Objectives for Urban Transport Policy Urban Transport System URBAN TRANSPORT MASTER PLAN Urban Transport Development Programmes Development For Metropolitan Region and Suburbs

Democratic Socialist Republic of The analysis of the present To achieve the four different The various policy measures proposed Ministry of Transport urban transport problems and objectives for transport system to achieve the urban transport policies the planning issues in the CMA development, the following and major projects of CoMTrans Urban Japan International Cooperation Agency has led to the identiication transport policies are essential for Transport Master Plan are listed below; of four major objectives which the CMA. These four transport Oriental Consultants Global Co., Ltd. the urban transport system policies are interrelated. Extensive Development of Quality of Public development needs to pursue. The promotion of public transport is a Transport Network principal measure to reduce dependence Enhancement of Intermodality (Development on private modes of transport. of Multimodal Transport Hub, Multi Modal Urban Transport Problems and Planning Issues in Colombo Metropolitan Area Centre and Park and Ride Facility) Modernisation of Sri Lanka Railway , Colombo is the most developed city in the Western Province of Sri Lanka. Coast Line and Puttam Line (Electriication, Colombo Metropolitan Area (CMA) is set around Colombo and deined by: Direct Operation, Improvement of 1) areas that are already urbanised and those to be urbanised by 2035, and Equity in Transport to Existing Railway Facilities) 2) areas that are dependent on Colombo. All the Members in Promotion of Public The urban transport master plan is formulated for CMA. Development of New Railbased Transit System Society and Affordability Transport Use 2 Introducing Bus Rapid Transit (BRT) System CMA; Area: 996 km /Population: 3.7 million (2012), 5.1 million (2035 projection) of Public Modes of Transit Oriented Development (TOD) in the Trafic congestion has been worsening in recent years on the road network Transport Surrounding Area of Railway Stations in the central area of CMA. Trafic congestion has brought about huge Construction of Arterial Roads to economic losses by increasing vehicle operating cost as well as the economic accommodate BRT cost of travel time. Reformation of the Bus Operation Regime * : Projects Marked with “ * ” are not shown on the map. not shown with “ * ” are Marked * : Projects Eficiency in Transport Low Level of Public Transport Service Alleviation of Trafic

Note ;Note Expressway. / SEW : Soutern Expressway CKE : Colombo Systems to Support Congestion Road Widening to Increase Road Trafic The level of service of the public transport in CMA has deteriorated causing Economic Activities Capacity a shift to private modes of transport. Average Travel Speed Construction of Flyovers and Underpasses at 5:00 pm - 6:00 pm Bottleneck Intersections Future Transport Demand Increase Arterial Road Development in Suburban Areas Insuficient Road Network Due to the population increase and increase of Urban Expressway Network Development expected real household income, trafic demand Road network capacity is not Transport Demand Management (TDM) made by private modes of transport is suficient and has not caught up Environmental Trafic Control Improvement anticipated to grow rapidly and will result in Reduction of Trafic with the increase of private vehicle Improvement and Secure Lands for Road Development further trafic congestion and related problems. ownership. The road density in Pettah Pollutants/Trafic Noise Aluthkade Health Promotion (Road Network Master Plan) In 2035, the total person trip production in the and Promotion of Health Separation of Heavy Vehicles from suburban area, in particular, is still related to Transport CMA would increase to almost 14.1 million low and requires road widening Face Kuppiawatta General Trafic (Port Access Road) person trips per day, which is approx. 2 times and new road construction.

Kollupitiya the present demand of 6.7 million person trips Cinnamon Garden per day as illustrated in Figure below. Establishment of Environmental Management

Scheme Legend Thimbirigasyaya Mn. trips/day Travel Speed Establishment and Enhancement of Air Below 10 km/h 14.00 70% 14.06 Reduction of Transport 10 - 20 km/h Pollutant/Noise Emission Standards 12.00 60% Trafic Safety and Accidents and 20 - 30 km/h 58% Enhancement of Vehicle Inspection and 30 - 40 km/h 11.14 5.82 Wellawatta 10.00 50% 50% 40 - 50 km/h Security in Transport Improvement of 9.58 46% Above 50 km/h Share of 41% Maintenance Programme 8.00 5.11 40% CMC Boundary Public Transport 1.24 Security 4.75 01.5 3 Low Sulphur Diesel Programme km Public Transport 6.00 6.70 1.45 30% 1.09 3.86 Promotion of Hybrid Cars and Electric Vehicles 3 Wheeler 1.04 1.29 20% Travel speed in CMC in the Evening peak hour 4.00 1.21 Promotion of Natural Gas Vehicles Motorcycle 5.55 2.00 0.90 10% 3.65 1.01 2.57 Promotion of Walking and Bicycles for Health Increased Number of Vehicles Car 0.93 (in 1,000) 0.00 0% 2013 2020 2025 2035 The number of vehicles 1,400 Present Status Quo Status Quo Status Quo Future Transport Demand and Share of Public Transport 1,200 Education on Trafic Safety increased 2.5 times since Rehabilitation and Installation of Trafic Signals the year 2000. 1,000 Rehabilitation of Railway Signal System In particular, motorcycles 800 Anticipated Modal Shift Analysis on Causes of Trafic Accidents and 3wheelers showed Others 600 Truck Provision of Sidewalks and Pedestrian Crossing a signiicantly rapid 400 If no effective actions are taken in the future, Bus increase. 200 shift to private modes of transport would be Establishment of Urban Road Design Car/Van/Pickup Contact Address made and the share of public transport would Standard including Sidewalk 3 Wheeler 0 Mr. J.M. Thilakarathna Banda (Additional SecretaryPlanning) Motorcycle decrease from 58% in 2013 to 41% in 2035. Address: Ministry of Transport, No1, D.R. Wijewardana Mawatha, Colombo 10, Sri Lanka Improvement of Security of 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 Tel: 0094 11 2687000 / Fax: 0094 11 2669305 Women and Children in Public Transport Number of Vehicles in Western Province

Democratic Socialist Republic of Sri Lanka

Ministry of Transport Japan International Oriental Consultants Global Co., Ltd. Cooperation Agency Public Transport Development Plan Major Projects Short Term Development Plan (2020) Intermediate Term Development Plan ( 2025) Long Term Development Plan ( 2035) Short Term Development Plan (2020) Monorail system development Introducing BRT System Line The Monorail Network will connect between the northern area of the Colombo Municipal Council (CMC) and Fort Pedestrian Path and Bicycle Road Development with MmTH, MMC and Park & Ride system Corridor area to provide smooth northsouth passenger movement within the central area of CMC. As the irst step to Main Line To supplement the Monorail network and the Railway improve public transport services, a BRT system will be installed in Galle Corridor, Corridor, and Baseline Monorail system will be installed in the Corridor network, BRT is proposed to be installed in the Goal Road where the BRT system can be installed physically with suficient road width and potential public transport where signiicant passenger demand is observed but the Road Corridor, Base Line Road and its extension, Kandy passenger demands. In addition, in corridor and Negombo corridor, where it is dificult to install BRT, a majority of people use private passenger cars. Wattala Road and the proposed Middle Ring Road. Kandy Corridor Bus Priority System will be introduced and connected with the BRT network, monorail network, and the existing Kelaniya railway. This can realise an integrated urban public transport network even in the early stages. In order to make Cross Secon with Dedicated Bus Lanes the public transport system more attractive and effective for use, a Multimodal Transport Hub (MmTH) at 29.0m Kelaniya Fort MmTH Fort/Pettah will be built to ensure a smooth transfer to various transport modes and to provide good access to Kaduwela the urban centre. A Multimodal Centre (MMC) will also be built in each of the four locations at the end points of Borella Low Level Road major corridors connected by public transport. Malabe Fort MmTH 3.0 0.7 3.2 3.2 0.5 3.4 1.0 3.4 0.5 3.2 3.2 0.7 3.0 Sidewalk General Purpose Lane Busway Median Busway General Purpose Lane Sidewalk Kaduwela ERP Boundries Shoulder Separator Separator Shoulder Borella Intermediate Term Development Plan ( 2025) Borella Walking and bicycling are nonmotorised modes of transport that do Wellawatta Battaramulla Modernisation and extension of the existing railways shall be completed. This implies that the development of Malabe the mass transit system will be materialised. With this development, the MMCs which are planned to be not consume fuel. Thus, these modes are considered to be environ mentally friendly means of transport. Recently, walking and bicycling developed in the shortterm will be more eficient and effective. A BRT System shall be installed on the Middle Kadawatha has become popular since walking and bicycling are good for health. Ring Road which connects Rathmalana, Battaramulla and Wattala, and it will provide public transport service Kelaniya Wattala LEGEND Moreover, they contribute to improve trafic safety for pedestrians. It Middle Ring Road between subcentres directly, not via the centre of CMC. Kelaniya Wellawatta is proposed to develop a pedestrian network as well as a Pedestrian Network Fort MmTH pedestrian/bicycle network. The network connects parks and Beira Pedestrian/ Long Term Development Plan ( 2035) Kaduwela Cycle Network Borella Jakarta Fort MmTH Lake in the city centre and is located along the wetlands, , Pedestrian/ High Level Road Cycle Network (Conditional) Kottawa The Monorail System will be installed on the High Level Road and it will connect to other public Kollupitiya Malabe and . Borella Major Parks transport systems to meet future transport demand. Battaramulla Horana Corridor

Wellawatta LEGEND Rathmalana Wellawatta Coastal Line BRT Route Road Development Plan Maharagama 1 Route 1 Galle Corridor LEGEND Kottawa Maharagama Short Term Development Plan (2020) 2A Route 2, 3, 4 Monorail 2B Route 3, 4 Implementation of CoMTrans Urban Transport Master Plan The new Elevated Road connected from Colombo Katunayake Expressway (CKE) via new Kelani Bridge to 3 Route 5 Extension Monorail Colombo port will be constructed to prevent container trailers and portrelated vehicles from running on 4 Route 6, 7 MmTH MmTH

Public Transport Development Plan Development Public Transport ground level roads. In addition, once the said portaccess elevated road is connected with MmTH by a Direct Total Cost for CoMTrans Urban Transport Master Plan Access Ramp, interprovincial buses can enter directly to the elevated road and further expressways. MMC MMC The total investment cost over the planning period from 2015 to 2035 is estimated at Rs. 2,780 billion, Ongoing road widening/extension projects are essential on major corridors to ensure the road trafic capacity. Proposed Monorail Routes Proposed BRT Routes Moratuwa Especially, the Marine Drive to extension project and western ringroads connected with Dehiwala, 59% of the total is for net investments and 41% for implied O&M cost. , and Battaramulla by twolane road creates the diversity of route selection to major future destinations of Battaramulla. In addition to the road developments mentioned above, the urban transport master plan aims to Investment Cost and O&M Cost of CoMTrans Beneits of CoMTrans alleviate trafic congestion, especially at peak hours, by the improvement of trafic management including trafic signal improvements at major intersections with area control systems, as well as the Modernisation of Railway System Expressway Network Development Urban Transport Master Plan Urban Transport Master Plan Trafic Demand Management (TDM) and Mobility Management (MM) for the purpose of the improvement of To deal with increasing passenger demand, modernisa It is proposed to develop arterial roads in eastwest people’s consciousness and changes in the time required for commuting. For trafic safety issues on walking Unit: million RS The beneits of CoMTrans Master Plan have been tion of the railway system is essential. Through opera directions and circumferential direction. In addition, environments, interministerial/institutional coordination and collaboration are essential to provide enough estimated in various areas; (those beneits are the tion is recommended in Fort and Maradana section. to provide convenient access to the city centre from the Cost Short Intermediate Long Total space for sidewalks and to reduce trafic accidents difference between “with” and “without” scenario) interregional expressway, it is proposed to develop Wattala Kelani Bridge Negombo Investment 741,100 598,100 300,900 1,640,100 CO2 emission would be reduced by 8.3 million tons. Intermediate Term Development Plan ( 2025) urban expressways. At the same time, road development shall support the public transport system, such as Road O & M Cost 237,200 264,400 693,200 1,140,800 Loss due to trafic accidents would be reduced Low Level Road New major roads towards CMC will be constructed which run in the eastwest direction, parallel to the Malabe Veyangoda widening for BRT and a direct access ramp to MmTH by Rs. 1.1 billion. Corridor, High Level Road and Low Level road, so that the current concentrated trafic low on those three from Port Access Road. Total 978,300 862,500 994,100 2,780,900 It’s also estimated that Public Transport Service Area corridors can be distributed. Road trafic capacity on the Galle corridor will be supplemented by Marine Drive Source: CoMTrans Estimates would cover 1.4 million people. Although total cost Malabe Corridor extension for southbound trafic from Dehiwala to Rathmalana. The Base Line Road will also be extended to Battaramulla would amount to Rs. 2,780 billion, economic beneits Battaramulla Rathmalana, to provide an additional route in the eastern side of CMC from Galle road. Development of the three Colombo Katunayaka Expressway (CKE) could exceed the total cost. The net present value Ring Roads as arterial roads will provide alternative routes for various trip demand movements within the Northern Marine Expressway Institutional Setup for CoMTrans (NPV) would be Rs. 797 billion and the economic Drive metropolitan area. It will provide a detour for the Base Line road when it is congested. The Urban Expressway Extention internal rate of return (EIRR) would be estimated at Nugegoda Eastern Ring Road will connect the south side of Kelani Bridge via the CMC boundary and the Southern Expressway, so that ample Master Plan Implementation High Level Road 22.9%. trafic capacity will be provided for longdistance interprovincial travel as well as trips from the suburbs to the Outer Circular Maradana Kelaniya Dehiwala Dehiwala city centre. An Electronic Road Pricing (ERP) system as a measure of TDM shall be introduced for the heavily Expressway (COCH) CoMTrans suggests the establishment of an Urban Transport Council Western Ring Road Fort MmTH Port Access under the President in line with the National Transport Policy. Middle Ring Road congested area to control private vehicle trafic entering the restricted area and to encourage drivers to shift to Elevated Road public transport services. The council is expected to be a central highlevel body that Fund Raising for CoMTrans Rathmalana MmTH Access represents all main political decisionmakers in urban transport, Master Plan Implementation Kesbewa Long Term Development Plan ( 2035) Urban including the Western Provincial Council. The members consist Expressway of appropriate ministers and/or deputy ministers from the national If it is assumed that the maximum allocation to the Continuous efforts to improve the accessibility by Road to Railway Stations will be made to create a more urban transport sector is 2% of GRDP in the Western userfriendly railbased public transport system. As the function of the basic road network in suburban areas in government and the chief minister or transport minister of the terms of distributors, disaster prevention and basic infrastructure to form a good urban environment, two lane Urban Southern Western Province Council. Province, in the short term, a shortage of development LEGEND Expressway Expressway roads shall be installed at intervals of 1 or 2km in the area between corridors. Moratuwa funds is expected. Consequently, to ill the gap Modernisation of The function of the council includes between the government budget and amount required Railway system New Transit System - LEGEND - B-Class Road To coordinate and to govern all the components of urban transport. for investment, it should consider utilising external Extension of New Transit System Through operation of Port Railway coastal line and To support and to recommend budget allocations on urban transport inancial sources such as ODA for short term. For BRT LEGEND Airport Modernisation and Expansion of Railway Bus Priority Lane Through operation of in CMA to the funding agency Ministry of Finance and Planning. reducing the burden on the public budget, private coastal lineand Main line Existing Expressway Boundaries of Colombo Metripolitan Area Dompe Line Expressway Network The council must be established as a standing council until its sector involvement should be taken into account for Outer Circular Highway On-going or Developed Projects ERP Boundaries MmTH (Under Construction) transport infrastructure development as well as for 2 Lanes Road Project Urban Expressway Urban Expressway functions are transferred to the envisaged urban transport authority Northern Expressway MMC Network 4 Lanes Road Project Multimodal Transport Hub (Fort) Multimodal Centre in the future. public transport service provision. A-Class Road and Arterial Road 6 Lanes Road Project (MmTH) (MMC) Road Development Plan Development Road Urban Transport Master Plan (2020, 2025 and 2035) 2025 Plan (2020, Master Transport Urban