Bibliotheca Persica Edited by Ehsan Yar-Shater

The History of al-Tatiar1 1 (Ta'rfkh al-rusul wa'l-muliik)

VOLUME XXI The Victory of the Marwanids

translated and annotated by

Michael Fishbein

University of California, Los Angeles

State University of New York Press THE HISTORY OFAL-'fABARl AN ANNOTAT ED TRANSLATION

VOLUME XXI The Victory of the Marwiinids A.D. 685-693/A.H. 66-73 •I 1 The History of al-Tabari

Editorial Board Ihsan Abbas, University of Jordan, Amman C. E. Bosworth, The University of Manchester Franz Rosenthal, Yale University Ehsan Yar-Shater, Columbia University (General Editor)

SUNY

SERIES IN NEAR EASTERN STUDIES Said Amir Arjomand, Editor

The preparation of this volume was made possible in part by a grant from the National Endowment for the Humanities, an independent federal agency. Contents

Preface I v

Abbreviations I xi

Translator's Foreword I xiii

The Events of the Year 66 (cont'd) (685/686) I 1 !Al-Mukhtar Acts against the Slayers of al-I:Iusaynj I r Why He Seized Them; Names of Those He Killed and of Those Who Fled and Eluded His Grasp I 2 [The Kufan Ashraf Rise against al-Mukhtar] I r 1 [Al-Mukhtar Acts against the Murderers of al-I:IusaynJ I 31 [The Swearing of Allegiance to al-Mukhtar in a l -Ba~rahj I 45 [Al-Mukhtar Sends an Army to Trick Ibn al-Zubayr] I 53 Al-Mukhtar's Motive in Sending This Army; What Befell Them I 53 [The Khashabiyyah Perform the Pilgrimage! I 59 Why the Khashabiyyah Came to Mecca I 59 [The Siege of the Banu Tamim in Khuriisanl I 62 [Those in Office during the YearJ I 66 [Ibrahim b. a1-Ashtar Goes to Fight 'Ubaydallah b. Ziyad! I 67 An Explanation of the Chair Whereby al-Mukhtar and His Companions Prayed for Assistance I 69 Contents IX

[Ibn al-Zubayr's Sermon after the Death of Mu~'ab] I 194 ['Abd al-Malik's Banquet at al-Khawarnaq] I 19 5

The Events of the Year 72 (69r /692) I r98 ['Abd al-Malik and the Kharijites] I 198 ['Abd al-Malik Sends al-l:lajjiij to Fight Ibn al-Zubayr] I 206 ['Abd al-Malik and 'Abdallah b. Khiizim] I 209 [Those in Office during the Year] I 212 ., A Chapter in Which We Mention the Secretaries since the Beginning of Islam I 2 l 3

The Events of the Year 73 (692/693) I 224

A Description of [the Death of Ibn al-Zubayr] I 224 ['Abd al-Malik and the Khiirijites] I 232 [Bishr b. Marwiin Becomes Governor of al-Bai;;rah] I 233 [Campaigns against the Byzantines] I 233 [Those in Office during the Year] I 234

Bibliography of Cited Works I 235

Index I 239 VJll Contents

The Events of the Year 67 (686/687) I 74 The Death of 'Ubaydallah b. Ziyad I 74 [Mu~'a b b. al-Zubayr Becomes Governor of al-Ba~rah] I 83 IMu~'ab b. al-Zubayr Defeats al-Mukhtar] I 8 5 Why Mu~'ab Marched against Him; an Account of al-Mukhtar's Death I 85 llbn al-Zubayr Removes Mu~'ab from al-Ba~rab ] I 1 r8 !Those in Office during the Year] I r 21

The Events of the Year 68 (687/688) I 122 [The Azariqah Return from Fars to Iraqi I 122 An Account of Them, Their Departure, and Their Return to Iraq I 123 [Ev~nts in Syria] I 134 !The Death of 'Ubaydallah b. al-Burri I 134 His Death; the Circumstances That Brought It upon H im I r 3 5 !Four Separate Banners at the Pilgrimage] I 15 1 [Those in Office during the Year] I 153

The Events of the Year 69 (688/689) I I54 [The Revolt and Death of 'Amr b. Sa'id in Damascus] I r 54 [A Kharijite Killed at the Pilgrimage] I 167 [Those in Office during the Year] I 168

The Events of the Year 70 (689/690) I z69

['Abd al-Malik and the Byzantines] I i 69 jMu~'ab b. al-Zubayr Visits Mecca] I 169 [Those in Office during the Year] I 170

The Events of the Year 71 (690/691) I 171 [Khalid b. 'Abdallah Raises Support for 'Abd al-Malik in al-Ba~rah] I 172 ['Abd al-Malik Attacks Mu~'ab ; the Death of Mu~'ab] I 178 l'Abd al-Malik Enters al-Kt1fah] I r88 [Khalid b. 'Abdallah Becomes Governor of al-Ba~rah] I 193 [Ibn al·Zubayr's Governors during This Year] I 194 [The Pilgrimage] I 194