Eagle's Syndrome, Elongated Styloid Process and New
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Chronic Orofacial Pain: Burning Mouth Syndrome and Other Neuropathic
anagem n M e ai n t P & f o M l e Journal of a d n i c r i u n o e J Pain Management & Medicine Tait et al., J Pain Manage Med 2017, 3:1 Review Article Open Access Chronic Orofacial Pain: Burning Mouth Syndrome and Other Neuropathic Disorders Raymond C Tait1, McKenzie Ferguson2 and Christopher M Herndon2 1Saint Louis University School of Medicine, St. Louis, USA 2Southern Illinois University Edwardsville School of Pharmacy, Edwardsville, USA *Corresponding author: RC Tait, Department of Psychiatry, Saint Louis University School of Medicine,1438 SouthGrand, Boulevard, St Louis, MO-63104, USA, Tel: 3149774817; Fax: 3149774879; E-mail: [email protected] Recevied date: October 4, 2016; Accepted date: January 17, 2017, Published date: January 30, 2017 Copyright: © 2017 Raymond C Tait, et al. This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author and source are credited. Abstract Chronic orofacial pain is a symptom associated with a wide range of neuropathic, neurovascular, idiopathic, and myofascial conditions that affect a significant proportion of the population. While the collective impact of the subset of the orofacial pain disorders involving neurogenic and idiopathic mechanisms is substantial, some of these are relatively uncommon. Hence, patients with these disorders can be vulnerable to misdiagnosis, sometimes for years, increasing the symptom burden and delaying effective treatment. This manuscript first reviews the decision tree to be followed in diagnosing any neuropathic pain condition, as well as the levels of evidence needed to make a diagnosis with each of several levels of confidence: definite, probable, or possible. -
Influences of Estrogen and Progesterone on Periodontium 26 Deepa D
CODS Journal of Dentistry Ocial Publication of College of Dental Sciences Alumni Association, Davanagere Volume 6, Issue 1, 2014 CONTENTS Director’s Message 1 V.V. Subba Reddy President’s Message 2 Vasundhara Shivanna Secretary’s Message 3 Praveen S. Basandi Editorial 4 Nandini D.B Original Articles Effect of alcohol containing and alcohol free mouth rinses on microhardness of three 5 esthetic restorative materials Vasundhara Shivanna, Rucha Nilegaonkar Prevalence and distribution of dental anomalies and fluorosis in a small cohort of 9 Indian school children and teenagers Selvamani. M , Praveen S Basandi, Madhushankari G.S Review Articles Paperless dentistry - The future 13 Mala Ram Manohar, Gajendra Bhansali Photo activated disinfection in restorative dentistry - A technical review 16 Deepak B.S, Mallikarjun Goud K, Nishanth P An overview of occupational hazards in dental practice and preventive measures. 19 Poorya Naik .D.S, Chetan .S, Gopal Krishna.B.R, Naveen Shamnur An overview on influences of estrogen and progesterone on periodontium 26 Deepa D CODS Journal of Dentistry 2014, Volume 6, Issue 1 CODS Journal of Dentistry Ocial Publication of College of Dental Sciences Alumni Association, Davanagere Volume 6, Issue 1, 2014 CONTENTS Review Articles Dental home - A new approach for child oral health care 30 Poornima P, Meghna Bajaj, Nagaveni N.B, Roopa K.B, V.V. Subba Reddy Variants of inferior alveolar nerve block: A review 35 Anuradha M, Yashavanth Kumar D.S, Harsha .V. Babji, Rahul Seth Case Reports Ellis-van Creveld syndrome affecting siblings: A case report and review 40 Mamatha G.P, Manisha Jadhav , Rajeshwari G Annigeri, Poornima .P, V.V Subba Reddy Integrated approach of ceramic and composite veneers in tetracycline stained teeth: A case report. -
Morfofunctional Structure of the Skull
N.L. Svintsytska V.H. Hryn Morfofunctional structure of the skull Study guide Poltava 2016 Ministry of Public Health of Ukraine Public Institution «Central Methodological Office for Higher Medical Education of MPH of Ukraine» Higher State Educational Establishment of Ukraine «Ukranian Medical Stomatological Academy» N.L. Svintsytska, V.H. Hryn Morfofunctional structure of the skull Study guide Poltava 2016 2 LBC 28.706 UDC 611.714/716 S 24 «Recommended by the Ministry of Health of Ukraine as textbook for English- speaking students of higher educational institutions of the MPH of Ukraine» (minutes of the meeting of the Commission for the organization of training and methodical literature for the persons enrolled in higher medical (pharmaceutical) educational establishments of postgraduate education MPH of Ukraine, from 02.06.2016 №2). Letter of the MPH of Ukraine of 11.07.2016 № 08.01-30/17321 Composed by: N.L. Svintsytska, Associate Professor at the Department of Human Anatomy of Higher State Educational Establishment of Ukraine «Ukrainian Medical Stomatological Academy», PhD in Medicine, Associate Professor V.H. Hryn, Associate Professor at the Department of Human Anatomy of Higher State Educational Establishment of Ukraine «Ukrainian Medical Stomatological Academy», PhD in Medicine, Associate Professor This textbook is intended for undergraduate, postgraduate students and continuing education of health care professionals in a variety of clinical disciplines (medicine, pediatrics, dentistry) as it includes the basic concepts of human anatomy of the skull in adults and newborns. Rewiewed by: O.M. Slobodian, Head of the Department of Anatomy, Topographic Anatomy and Operative Surgery of Higher State Educational Establishment of Ukraine «Bukovinian State Medical University», Doctor of Medical Sciences, Professor M.V. -
Pattern of Inflammatory Salivary Gland Diseases Among Sudanese Patients Dr
DOI: 10.21276/sjams Scholars Journal of Applied Medical Sciences (SJAMS) ISSN 2320-6691 (Online) Sch. J. App. Med. Sci., 2017; 5(4F):1668-1673 ISSN 2347-954X (Print) ©Scholars Academic and Scientific Publisher (An International Publisher for Academic and Scientific Resources) www.saspublisher.com Original Research Article Pattern of inflammatory salivary gland diseases among Sudanese patients Dr. Manahil Abuzeid1, Dr. Sharfi Ahmed2, Dr. Yousif O.Yousif3 1MBBS, faculty of Medicine, Bahr El Ghazal University 2Associated Professor, Faculty of Medicine, Omdurman Islamic University, Sudan, DOHNS London UK 3Assisstant Professor, faculty of Dentist, Khartoum University Consultant oral and Maxillofacial surgeon, Sudan *Corresponding author Dr. Sharfi Abdelgadir Omer Ahmed Email: [email protected] Abstract: Inflammatory conditions are the most common pathology to affect the salivary glands. Typical features of a comprehensive range of pathology including obstructive and sialadenitis, Sjogrens syndrome, sarcoidosis and HIV sialopathy. This study aims to know the pattern of inflammatory conditions of the salivary glands among 105 Sudanese patients in Khartoum state. This is a retrospective, cross- sectional, analytic and hospital based study from January 2014 to May 2016. Conducted in Otorhinolaryngological, Head and neck and Oromaxillofacial hospitals. The commonest inflammatory disease is ranula in sublingual glands. The most common site of stones in salivary gland was within glandular tissue. Inflammatory conditions were most common in salivary glands. Keywords: Salivary disease, inflammatory conditions INTRODUCTION within the ductal system of the gland, 80% percent of Inflammatory conditions are the most common all salivary calculi occur in the submandibular gland, pathology to affect the salivary glands [1]. Acute with approximately 70% of these demonstrable as sialadenitis is a bacterial inflammation of the salivary radio-opacities on routine plain radiography consisting gland. -
Eagle's Syndrome
PRACTICE case report Eagle’s syndrome: an unusual cause of a clicking jaw D R P Godden,1 S Adam,2 and R T M Woodwards,3 her jaw, although it could not be palpated. Calcification of the stylohyoid ligament is a well recognised There was mild ill-defined tenderness in radiographic finding in dental practice. Fortunately, affected the right retromandibular region. Exami- individuals seldom develop symptoms. We report a case of a nation of the TMJ was normal, with full patient whose main complaint was a loud click following jaw range of jaw movement, no muscle ten- derness, and no palpable click from the movement. This unusual presentation has not been described joint. Deep palpation of the right tonsillar before and should be considered in the differential diagnosis of fossa elicited tenderness. Examination of ‘clicking jaw’. the pharynx was otherwise normal. The panoral radiograph showed a thickened articulated stylohyoid process. Eagle’s syndrome was diagnosed and the patient Mineralisation of the stylohyoid ligament radiated to the ear. Her medical practi- underwent excision through an extra-oral is a well recognised radiographic finding tioner suspected internal derangement of approach. Through a skin crease incision, and an incidence of 18.2% has been the temporomandibular joint (TMJ) and the carotid artery, internal jugular vein reported on panoramic radiographs.1 advised her to consult her dental practi- and IX, X, XI and XII cranial nerves were The majority of patients are asympto- tioner. A panoral radiograph was taken dissected out and the stylohyoid ligament matic. However, in 1937, Eagle was the (fig. -
Calcio, Fósforo Y Vitamina D) Con Las Alteraciones Del Complejo Estilohioideo
TESIS DOCTORAL ANÁLISIS DE LA RELACIÓN ENTRE LOS PARÁMETROS ANALÍTICOS SÉRICOS DEL METABOLISMO ÓSEO (CALCIO, FÓSFORO Y VITAMINA D) CON LAS ALTERACIONES DEL COMPLEJO ESTILOHIOIDEO CARLOS MIGUEL SALVADOR RAMÍREZ Directores: Ana Sánchez del Rey y Agustín Martínez Ibargüen Facultad de Medicina y Enfermería 2018 (c)2018 CARLOS MIGUEL SALVADOR RAMIREZ “No tienes que ser grande para comenzar, pero tienes que comenzar para ser grande”. Zig Ziglar AGRADECIMIENTOS La elaboración del presente trabajo ha significado el resultado de un gran esfuerzo personal; pero deseo señalar, ya con la satisfacción de haber alcanzado el objetivo, la valiosa implicación y colaboración de todos quienes me ayudaron y animaron en esta labor. El inicio de mi interés por el estudio del complejo estilohioideo se dio desde mi etapa como residente ORL y como docente de prácticas universitarias, por lo que destaco la colaboración de parte del servicio de Otorrinolaringología del Hospital Universitario Basurto-Bilbao y de la cátedra de Anatomía y Embriología Humana UPV/EHU (Dra. Concepción Reblet López). A cada uno de los pacientes, quienes prestaron su tiempo y buena disposición a participar en el presente estudio. A los compañeros del Hospital Medina del Campo, en especial al equipo del servicio de Otorrinolaríngología, servicio de Laboratorio Clínico, servicio de Medicina Preventiva (Dra. María del Carmen Viña Simón), servicio de Radiodiagnóstico, residente: Dra. Jenny Dávalos Marín. A María Fé Muñoz Moreno, responsable de Metodología y Bioestadística de la Unidad de apoyo a la investigación del Hospital Clínico Universitario de Valladolid, cuya colaboración ha sido fundamental para el análisis de los resultados encontrados. A Lourdes Sáenz de Castillo, de la Biblioteca del Campus de Álava UPV/EHU, por la colaboración en la obtención de material bibliográfico. -
Atlas of the Facial Nerve and Related Structures
Rhoton Yoshioka Atlas of the Facial Nerve Unique Atlas Opens Window and Related Structures Into Facial Nerve Anatomy… Atlas of the Facial Nerve and Related Structures and Related Nerve Facial of the Atlas “His meticulous methods of anatomical dissection and microsurgical techniques helped transform the primitive specialty of neurosurgery into the magnificent surgical discipline that it is today.”— Nobutaka Yoshioka American Association of Neurological Surgeons. Albert L. Rhoton, Jr. Nobutaka Yoshioka, MD, PhD and Albert L. Rhoton, Jr., MD have created an anatomical atlas of astounding precision. An unparalleled teaching tool, this atlas opens a unique window into the anatomical intricacies of complex facial nerves and related structures. An internationally renowned author, educator, brain anatomist, and neurosurgeon, Dr. Rhoton is regarded by colleagues as one of the fathers of modern microscopic neurosurgery. Dr. Yoshioka, an esteemed craniofacial reconstructive surgeon in Japan, mastered this precise dissection technique while undertaking a fellowship at Dr. Rhoton’s microanatomy lab, writing in the preface that within such precision images lies potential for surgical innovation. Special Features • Exquisite color photographs, prepared from carefully dissected latex injected cadavers, reveal anatomy layer by layer with remarkable detail and clarity • An added highlight, 3-D versions of these extraordinary images, are available online in the Thieme MediaCenter • Major sections include intracranial region and skull, upper facial and midfacial region, and lower facial and posterolateral neck region Organized by region, each layered dissection elucidates specific nerves and structures with pinpoint accuracy, providing the clinician with in-depth anatomical insights. Precise clinical explanations accompany each photograph. In tandem, the images and text provide an excellent foundation for understanding the nerves and structures impacted by neurosurgical-related pathologies as well as other conditions and injuries. -
Evaluation of the Elongation and Calcification Patterns of the Styloid Process with Digital Panoramic Radiography
Evaluation of the Elongation and Calcification Patterns of the Styloid Process with Digital Panoramic Radiography Abstract Original Article Introdouction: typeThe styloid your textprocess(SP) ....... has the potential for cal- Khojastepour Leila 1, Dastan Farivar2, Ezoddini-Arda- cification and ossification. The aim of this study kani Fatemeh 3 was to investigate the prevalence of different pat- terns of elongation and calcification of the SP. Materials and methods: typeIn this your cross-sectional text ....... study, 400 digital pano- ramic radiographs taken for routine dental exam- ination in the dental school of Shiraz University were evaluated for the radiographic features of an elongated styloid process (ESP). The appar- 1 Professor, Department of Oral and Maxillofacial ent length of SP was measured with Scanora Radiology, Faculty of Dentistry, Shiraz University of software on panoramic of 350 patient who met Medial Science, Shiraz, Iran. the study criteria, ( 204 females and 146 males). 2 Dental student. Department of Oral and Maxillofa- Lengths greater than 30mm were consider as ESP. cial Radiology Faculty of Dentisty, Shiraz University ESP were also classified into three types based of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran. on Langlais classification (elongated, pseudo -ar 3 Professor. Department of Oral and Maxillofacial ticulated; and segmented ). Data were analyzed Radiology Faculty of Dentisty, Shahid Sadough Uni- Results: versity of Medical Sciences Yazd, Iran . typeby the your Chi squaredtext ....... tests and Student’s t-tests . Results: Received:Received:17 May 2015 ESP was confirmed in 153 patients including 78 Accepted: 25 Jun 2015 males and 75 females (43.7%). The prevalence of ESP was significantly higher in males. -
Eagle Syndrome: Case Report
AĞRI 2013;25(2):87-89 CASE REPORT - OLGU SUNUMU doi: 10.5505/agri.2013.26779 Eagle syndrome: case report Eagle sendromu: Olgu sunumu İrem Fatma ULUDAĞ,1 Levent ÖCEK,1 Yaşar ZORLU,1 Burhanettin ULUDAĞ2 Summary Eagle syndrome is an aggregate of symptoms caused by an elongated styloid process, most frequently resulting in headache, facial pain, dysphagia and sensation of foreign body in throat. The proper diagnosis is not difficult with clinical history, physi- cal examination and radiographic assessment if there is a sufficient degree of suspicion. The treatment is very effective. We report here a typical case of Eagle syndrome which was misdiagnosed as trigeminal neuralgia for many years and was treated with carbamazepine. We aim to point the place of Eagle syndrome in the differential diagnosis of facial pain. We also re- emphasize the usefulness of the three-dimensional computed tomography in the diagnosis of Eagle syndrome. Even though Eagle syndrome is a rare condition, in cases of facial pain refractory to treatment or unexplained complaints of the head and neck region, it should be considered in the differential diagnosis as it has therapeutic consequences. Key words: Cervicofacial pain; Eagle syndrome; facial pain; trigeminal neuralgia. Özet Eagle sendromu, elonge stiloid çıkıntının neden olduğu belirtiler topluluğudur. Eagle sendromunda başağrısı, yüz ağrısı, disfaji ve boğazda yabancı cisim varlığı hissi sık görülür. Öykü, fizik muayene ve görüntüleme bulgularıyla kolayca tanı konulabilir. Cerrahi tedavi etkindir. Olgu yüz ağrısı şikayeti nedeniyle trigeminal nevralji tanısı almış ve uzun yıllardır karbamazepin kullanmaktadır. Düz kafa grafisi ve boyun bölgesinin üç boyutlu bilgisayarlı tomografisi tipik Eagle sendromu bulgularını göstermektedir. -
Upheavel in Styloid Process – Case Report
Official Journal of Indian Dental Association Tirunelveli Branch UPHEAVEL IN STYLOID PROCESS – CASE REPORT Dr. Bavadharani K1*, Dr. Angeline Deepthi 2, Dr.Kandasamy 3, Dr. 4 Present address: †Post Nelson Graduate, Department of Oral Medicine and Radiology, Rajas Dental College and Hospital, Kavalkinaru, Tirunelveli, Tamil Abstract Nadu, India.; ‡Professor and Head Of The Department Oral Eagle syndrome is a symptomatic elongation of the styloid process or calcification Medicine and Radiology, Rajas of the stylomandibular ligament. It is a rare entity that causes recurrent throat pain, Dental College and Hospital, neck pain, dysphagia, difficulty with deglutition, phonation, cervical movement, Kavalkinaru, Tirunelveli, Tamil Nadu, India; §Reader, Oral or facial pain due to an elongated styloid process or calcified stylohyoid ligament Medicine and Radiology, Rajas and the sensation of a foreign body in the oropharynx are all symptoms of this Dental College and Hospital, syndrome. Various theories have been put forward toward the development Kavalkinaru, Tirunelveli, Tamil of Eagle syndrome. Depending on the underlying pathogenetic mechanism Nadu, India; ¶Reader, Oral and the anatomical structures compressed or irritated by the elongated styloid Medicine and Radiology, Rajas Dental College and Hospital, process, symptoms vary greatly, ranging from cervicofacial pain to cerebral Kavalkinaru, Tirunelveli, Tamil ischemia. Its treatment consists of partial removal of the styloid process, leaving Nadu, India. it within the range of normality. Clinical findings related to lower cranial nerve Access this article online compression have also been reported. In some cases, it is reported that carotid https://www.jidati.com/ artery compression or dissection can be seen due to the elongated styloid process Article ID and this is called carotid artery syndrome. -
Eagle Syndrome. a Narrative Review
REVIEW Eagle syndrome. A narrative review. Heber Arbildo1,2,3. Abstract: Painful disorders in the maxillofacial region are common in den- Luis Gamarra2,4,5. tal practice. Most of these conditions are not properly diagnosed because Sandra Rojas2,5. of inadequate knowledge of craniofacial and cervico-pharyngeal syndromes Edward Infantes2,4. such as Eagle Syndrome. The aim of this review is to describe the general as- Hernán Vásquez6. pects, diagnosis and treatment of Eagle syndrome. Eagle syndrome or styloh- 1. Escuela de Odontología, Universidad yoid syndrome was first described by Watt W. Eagle in 1937. It was defined Particular de Chiclayo. Chiclayo, Perú. as orofacial pain related to the elongation of the styloid process and ligament 2. Escuela de Estomatología, Universidad stylohyoid calcification. The condition is accompanied by symptoms such as Señor de Sipán. Chiclayo, Perú. 3. Centro de Salud Odontológico San Ma- dysphonia, dysphagia, sore throat, glossitis, earache, tonsillitis, facial pain, teo. Trujillo, Perú. headache, pain in the temporomandibular joint and inability to perform late- 4. Escuela de Estomatología, Universidad ral movements of the neck. Diagnosis and treatment of Eagle syndrome based Privada Antonio Guillermo Urrelu. Caja- on symptoms and radiographic examination of the patient will determine the marca, Perú. 5. Facultad de Estomatología, Universidad need for surgical or nonsurgical treatment. Eagle syndrome is a complex di- Nacional de Trujillo. Trujillo, Perú. sorder demanding a thorough knowledge of its signs and symptoms to make a 6. Facultad de Odontología, Universidad correct diagnosis and provide an appropriate subsequent treatment. Dissemi- San Martín de Porres – Filial Norte. Chi- clayo, Perú. nating information about this syndrome among medical-dental professionals is essential to provide adequate dental care to patients. -
Bilateral Ossified Stylohyoid Chain
Published online: 2020-03-02 NUJHS Vol. 2, No.2, June 2012, ISSN 2249-7110 Nitte University Journal of Health Science Case Report BILATERAL OSSIFIED STYLOHYOID CHAIN - A CASE STUDY Shivarama C.H.1, Bhat Shivarama2, Radhakrishna Shetty K.3, Vikram S.4, Avadhani R.5 1PG /Tutor, 2Associate Professor, 5Professor, 3Assistant Professor, 4Assistant Professor, Department of Anatomy, Yenepoya Medical College, Yenepoya University, Mangalore - 575 018, India. Correspondence: Ramakrishna Avadhani, Mobile : 98452 53560, E-mail : [email protected] Abstract : The styloid process is a slender bony projection that arises from the inferior surface of the temporal bone just beneath the external auditory meatus and closely related to the stylomastoid foramen. The normal length of SP in an adult is considered to be 20to 30mm however, it is very variably developed, ranging in length from a few millimetres to a few centimetres. The styloid process is developed at the cranial end of cartilage in the second visceral or hyoid arch by two centers: a proximal, for the tympanohyal, appearing before birth; the other, for the distal stylohyal, after birth. But sometimes the stylohyoid chain may form, that extends between the temporal and hyoid bones which are divided into 4 sections: tympanohyal, stylohyal, ceratohyal and hypohyal. Cartilage that is embryo logically located at the stylohyoid ligament may undergo calcification of varying degrees, which causes variations. Ossified stylohyal ligament parts may merge or leave gaps in between. The anatomy of styloid process has immense embryological, clinical, surgical importance. Keywords : Styloid process, Stylohyoid chain, Reichert's cartilage, Eagle's syndrome. Introduction : crossing lateral to the process in the parotid The styloid process (SP), slender, pointed, about 2.5 cm in gland1.Normally the SP tapers toward its tip that lies in the 2 length, projects anteroinferiorly from the temporal bone's pharyngeal wall lateral to the tonsillar fossa .