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OFDM) and Advanced Signal Processing for Elastic Optical Networking in Accordance with Networking and Transmission Constraints Implementation of Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiplexing (OFDM) and Advanced Signal Processing for Elastic Optical Networking in Accordance with Networking and Transmission Constraints Item Type text; Electronic Dissertation Authors Johnson, Stanley Publisher The University of Arizona. Rights Copyright © is held by the author. Digital access to this material is made possible by the University Libraries, University of Arizona. Further transmission, reproduction or presentation (such as public display or performance) of protected items is prohibited except with permission of the author. Download date 09/10/2021 15:31:10 Link to Item http://hdl.handle.net/10150/612584 IMPLEMENTATION OF ORTHOGONAL FREQUENCY DIVISION MULTIPLEXING (OFDM) AND ADVANCED SIGNAL PROCESSING FOR ELASTIC OPTICAL NETWORKING IN ACCORDANCE WITH NETWORKING AND TRANSMISSION CONSTRAINTS by Stanley Johnson _____________________ Copyright © Stanley Johnson 2016 A Dissertation Submitted to the Faculty of the COLLEGE OF OPTICAL SCIENCES In Partial Fulfillment of the Requirements For the Degree of DOCTOR OF PHILOSOPHY In the Graduate College THE UNIVERSITY OF ARIZONA 2 0 1 6 2 THE UNIVERSITY OF ARIZONA GRADUATE COLLEGE As members of the Dissertation Committee, we certify that we have read the dissertation prepared by Stanley Johnson, titled Implementation of Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiplexing (OFDM) and Advanced Signal Processing for Elastic Optical Networking in Accordance with Networking and Transmission Constraints and recommend that it be accepted as fulfilling the dissertation requirement for the Degree of Doctor of Philosophy. th _______________________________________________________________________ Date: April 14 , 2016 Milorad Cvijetic th _______________________________________________________________________ Date: April 14 , 2016 Ivan Djordjevic th _______________________________________________________________________ Date: April 14 , 2016 Yuzuru Takashima Final approval and acceptance of this dissertation is contingent upon the candidate’s submission of the final copies of the dissertation to the Graduate College. I hereby certify that I have read this dissertation prepared under my direction and recommend that it be accepted as fulfilling the dissertation requirement. th _______________________________________________________________________ Date: April 14 , 2016 Dissertation Director: Milorad Cvijetic 3 STATEMENT BY AUTHOR This dissertation has been submitted in partial fulfillment of the requirements for an advanced degree at the University of Arizona and is deposited in the University Library to be made available to borrowers under rules of the Library. Brief quotations from this dissertation are allowable without special permission, provided that an accurate acknowledgement of the source is made. Requests for permission for extended quotation from or reproduction of this manuscript in whole or in part may be granted by the copyright holder. SIGNED: Stanley Johnson 4 ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS I have been fortunate to work with several wonderful individuals, both prior to and during my graduate studies. In many ways, this dissertation is a result of their help and support. I wish to thank: Dr. Milorad Cvijetic, my academic advisor, for his guidance and support. His patience and insights have been very important in enabling my research. Dr. Ivan Djordjevic and Dr. Yuzuru Takashima for their guidance during the preparation of this dissertation. Dr. Franko Kueppers, my former advisor, for giving me my very first research opportunity and for his motivation and encouragement. The National Science Foundation Center for Integrated Access Networks (NSF-CIAN) for funding a major portion of the research in this dissertation. Dr. Carl Maes for his support, encouragement and for sharing his perspective on the nature of light. Dr. Stanley Pau for giving me the opportunity to work in his research group. Dr. John Wissinger, Dr. Jun He and Dr. Daniel Kilper, research collaborators, for a wonderful research experience. Weiyang Mo, CIAN colleague, for his collaboration on: (a) the experiment described in Chapter 2 of this dissertation, specifically for his work on setting up the software defined networking control plane and (b) the experiment described in Chapter 4 of this dissertation, specifically for his work on setting up the optical network for the experiment and for the measurement of the control latencies. Mingwei Yang, CIAN colleague, for his collaboration on the experiment described in Chapter 4 of this dissertation, specifically for his work on building the field programmable gate array based distributed control hardware. Wenbo Gao, Dr. Yequn Zhang, Dr. Houman Rastegarfar, Likun Lin, Dr. Atiyah Ahsan, Aytekin Ozdemir, Dr. Earl Parsons and Dr. Hacene Chaouch, my current and former research colleagues, for enriching my research experience. Dr. Masud Mansuripur and Dr. Brian Anderson, for their creative and intuitive methods of teaching. Dr. Vaibhav Bora, Dr. Anoop George and Dr. A. K. Jha, my friends, for their ever-present help and support. 5 ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS -- Continued Hector Garcia and Ashley Bidegain, for their excellent support that enabled my experimental work. Shri. M. J. Khurjekar, my teacher during my undergraduate studies, for his advice, motivation and for recommending me for graduate studies. Abraham T. Joy, Prasad Prabhughate and Krunal Patil, former supervisors and mentors, for their recommendations and their support. I have also been fortunate to have a wonderfully supportive family, and I wish to thank: P. V. Abraham, Arun Thomas, Annie Thomas, Sibi Abraham, Binu Mathew and Vincy Mathew, my relatives, for going out of their way to make my stay in an initially unfamiliar country a pleasant experience. Roy Mammen, my uncle, and Dr. Reny Roy, my aunt, for their motivation, help and support in enabling my graduate studies. Joy Mathew and Saly Joy, my parents-in-law, and Ashna Joy, my sister-in-law, for their support. Thank you Pappa! Thank you Mummy! Thank you Unni! P. K. Samuel, my grandfather, for his affection and for helping to expand my view of the world through countless discussions on various subjects. Thank you Appacha! M. J. Joseph and Marykutty Joseph, my grandparents, for their affection, support and encouragement. Thank you Pappa! Thank you Ammachi! James Johnson, my brother, for his support over all these years. Thank you Princy! Johnson Samuel, my father, for always being a patient teacher and guide and for his ever- present support. Thank you Daddy! Saji Johnson, my mother, for her guidance, patience and effort towards enabling my studies and for being with me every step of this journey. Thank you Mummy! Diana Joy, my wife, for her patience, understanding and encouragement. Thank you Di! 6 DEDICATION Dedicated to my parents and grandparents 7 TABLE OF CONTENTS List of Figures ............................................................................................................................ 10 List of Tables ............................................................................................................................. 14 Abstract ...................................................................................................................................... 15 1: Introduction .......................................................................................................................... 17 1.1 Telecommunication: A brief history and current trends .............................................. 17 1.2 Trends in DSP for optical fiber telecommunication .................................................... 19 1.3 Introduction to OFDM ................................................................................................. 21 1.4 Overview of the dissertation ........................................................................................ 26 2: Real-time elastic transmission with direct detection OFDM ............................................... 28 2.1 Introduction .................................................................................................................. 28 2.2 FPGA architecture for direct detection OFDM ........................................................... 29 2.3 Proposed real-time elastic resource allocation scheme ................................................ 34 2.4 Experiment setup ......................................................................................................... 35 2.5 Results .......................................................................................................................... 37 2.6 FPGA utilization .......................................................................................................... 39 2.7 Energy efficiency calculations ..................................................................................... 41 2.8 Conclusions .................................................................................................................. 44 3: Unified direct and coherent detection OFDM optical transmission scheme ....................... 45 3.1 Introduction .................................................................................................................. 45 3.2 The unified Tx concept ................................................................................................ 46 3.3 FPGA architecture for coherent detection OFDM ....................................................... 49 8 TABLE OF CONTENTS – Continued 3.4 Experimental demonstration of the unified
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