PRACTICALITY BROWN Fact Sheet: Topiary

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PRACTICALITY BROWN Fact sheet: Topiary We can supply a range of topiary for decorative or screening purposes. Topiary Topiary has been used historically in many different European gardening styles, from early Roman gardens through to modern day. From box balls to yew ‘peacocks’, it is so versatile and striking that many are inspired to create their own piece of living architecture; there is always room for a clipped masterpiece. Topiary is the art of training plants (typically evergreen shrubs and trees) into intricate or stylized shapes and forms, which can be the culmination of years of work. Plants trained in this way will require regular maintenance to maintain the form and structure with topiary shears or hedge-cutters; suckers and unwanted branches can also be removed. The term may also be used more loosely to describe a number of garden features that rely on the close clipping and shaping of plants, including: Parterre: A style of hedging associated with lavish Italian renaissance gardens with beautifully ornate clipped box hedges swirling around them in mirrored patterns or geometric designs. Mazes and labyrinths: The Normans introduced pleasure gardens with mazes and labyrinths formed from clipped plants; there are some modern examples in private and public gardens today. Knot gardens: Formed from different coloured box planted in crisscrossing patterns so that it appeared that the ribbons of hedges had been tied up in knots, these became popular in Tudor times. Cloud Trees: This is a Japanese method of training trees and shrubs into shapes resembling clouds. Evergreens enable the design to remain a permanent feature throughout the seasons. Typically box (Buxus sempervirens) and yew (Taxus baccata) are used; however other evergreens such as privet (Ligustrum japonicum), holly (Ilex) and Lonicera nitida can be used. In general, the more complex the topiary, the longer will have taken to create and consequently more expensive. Example of prices Variety Type Size Price Box Buxus semperiverns Cube 40cm x 40cm x 40cm £60 Yew Taxus baccata Ball 60cm high £160 Box Buxus semperiverns Spiral 120cm high £260 Japanese white pine Pinus pentaphylla Cloud tree 2.5-3m high £7,500 NB Prices exclude VAT at 20% and delivery, call us for a detailed quote. .

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Characterization of Topiary (Top) an Architectural Mutant of Common Bean
J. AMER. SOC. HORT. SCI. 126(1):105–109. 2001. Characterization of Topiary (top) an Architectural Mutant of Common Bean N. Guner1 and J.R. Myers2 Department of Horticulture, Oregon State University, Corvallis, OR 97331 ADDITIONAL INDEX WORDS. plant breeding, growth habit, determinacy, genetic analysis ABSTRACT. Plant breeders are interested in developing upright common beans (Phaseolus vulgaris L.) to reduce diseases and permit mechanical harvest, and improve seed quality. Morphological and genetic characteristics of an architectural mutant in common beans were studied. The mutant had shiny, dark green leaves, overlapping leaflets, and short petioles. Branching was nearly absent, resulting in single stemmed plants. Although mutant plants carried Fin for indeterminacy, and plants progressed in flowering from lower to higher nodes, the terminal node was reproductive. This represents a new form of determinacy in common bean. Inheritance studies demonstrated that the mutant syndrome was controlled by a single recessive gene. Allelism tests between the mutant and overlapping leaflets (ol), and dark green savoy leaf (dgs) showed that the mutant was not allelic to either locus. The trait was designated as Topiary with the gene symbol top, describing its compact and neat appearance. Linkage was tested between top and growth habit (fin), shiny leaves, cross- sectional shape of pods, striped pod (C prpst), and pod suture strings. All genes segregated independently. The genetic merit of the Topiary mutant for improving common beans needs to be investigated, especially the value of single stem growth habit combined with an upright plant habit. Plant breeders have been interested in using architectural traits determinate or indeterminate habit, number of nodes, internode to avoid disease, and to improve grain quality, lodging resistance, length, climbing ability, and degree and type of branching.
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