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Synthèse Bibliographique – LAMBERT E Préface : De l’utilité de connaître l’actualité en matière de plantes invasives C’est un honneur et un plaisir de préfacer la liste bibliographique actualisée sur les plantes invasives aquatiques et palustres, travail patiemment et rigoureusement mené depuis plusieurs années par le Docteur Elisabeth LAMBERT, dans le cadre du Comité des Pays de la Loire pour la gestion des plantes exotiques envahissantes. Précisons d’emblée qu’une espèce est dite invasive lorsque, s'étant établie et se reproduisant naturellement (ou se multipliant) dans un domaine géographique dont elle n’est pas originaire, elle devient envahissante et constitue alors un agent de perturbation des fonctions et usages des écosystèmes et nuit alors à la diversité biologique. Les invasions biologiques constituent un problème croissant, préoccupant et très dispendieux en finances publiques (Mineau, 2007), désormais reconnu comme l’un des dysfonctionnements écologiques majeurs de notre planète, probablement en relation avec les changements climatiques, affectant de façon très grave la biodiversité : les invasions biologiques sont parfois considérées comme la seconde cause de disparition des espèces, après la disparition et la fragmentation de leurs habitats. L’objectif de ce travail était de faire un état des lieux des différentes sources d’information sur les plantes invasives en milieux aquatiques et humides, sur les différents aspects de leur biologie et de leur écologie, mais aussi sur les effets écologiques des invasions et sur certaines caractéristiques de leur gestion. Ce travail vient en complément du Guide technique sur la gestion des plantes exotiques envahissantes (Matrat et al ., 2006), document majeur du Comité des Pays de la Loire pour la gestion des plantes exotiques envahissantes. L’organisation du document est détaillée dans l’introduction, qui met en évidence l’ampleur du travail réalisé. On peut espérer qu’il sera suivi d’autres ouvrages d’actualisation et que la veille documentaire initiée pourra être poursuivie. La richesse et la nouveauté de ce document correspondent à la diversité des sources documentaires consultées, mettant en exergue à la fois le foisonnement des informations, une relative redondance entre les documents produits et donc la nécessité de structurer les efforts de recherche et de communication des expériences acquises par les gestionnaires, mais aussi des avancées scientifiques récentes sur la biologie et l’écologie des espèces. Il reste donc important d’engager une recherche concertée sur la biologie des espèces introduites et leurs liens avec les écosystèmes d’accueil afin d’en mesurer précisément les impacts qu’elles y provoquent, grâce à des collaborations entre les gestionnaires et les scientifiques. Seule cette continuité des savoirs et des expériences permettra d’élaborer des solutions de gestion adéquates. Puissent les lecteurs tant spécialistes, gestionnaires, politiques ou simples curieux découvrir de nouvelles pistes, et utiliser ce compendium pour faire face aux menaces actuelles sur la biodiversité et l’avenir même de notre planète. Rennes, le 11 novembre 2009 Professeur Jacques HAURY, AGROCAMPUS OUEST, CFR de Rennes, UMR INRA- Agrocampus Ecologie et Santé des Ecosystèmes, Ecologie des Invasions biologiques. Président du Groupement d’Intérêt Scientifique Macrophytes des Eaux Continentales et Animateur de la Commission scientifique du Comité des Pays de la Loire pour la gestion des plantes exotiques envahissantes Références Matrat R., Anras L., Vienne L., Hervochon F., Pineau C., Bastian S., Dutartre A., Haury J., Lambert E., Gilet H., Lacroix P. Maman L., 2006 (2004 1 ère éd.). Gestion des plantes exotiques envahissantes – Guide technique. Comité des Pays de la Loire de gestion des plantes exotiques envahissantes, Agence de l’Eau Loire-Bretagne, Forum des Marais atlantiques, DIREN Pays de la Loire &: Conservatoire régional des rives de la Loire et de ses affluents - 2 ème édition revue et augmentée : 86 p. doc. uniquement téléchargeable . Mineau H., 2007. Bilan économique de la gestion des plantes envahissantes dans le Bassin Loire- Bretagne – Propositions pour 2007-2012. Aphyllante Ingénierie. Agence de l’Eau Loire-Bretagne, Orléans. 71 p. Synthèse bibliographique – LAMBERT E. – CEREA/UCO/Angers – GIS « Macrophytes des Eaux continentales » - Comité des Pays de la Loire/ Gestion des plantes exotiques envahissantes – 2è ed. complétée, décembre 2009. Plantes exotiques envahissantes Synthèse bibliographique LAMBERT E. – CEREA/UCO/Angers Comité des Pays de la Loire/ Gestion des plantes exotiques envahissantes GIS « Macrophytes des Eaux continentales » décembre 2009 1 Synthèse bibliographique – LAMBERT E. – CEREA/UCO/Angers – GIS « Macrophytes des Eaux continentales » - Comité des Pays de la Loire/ Gestion des plantes exotiques envahissantes – 2è ed. complétée, décembre 2009. SOMMAIRE Sommaire………………………………………………………………………………. 2 Introduction……………………………………………………………………….......... 3 Fiche 1 : Espèces exotiques envahissantes en général…………………………………. 4 Fiche 2 : Espèces exotiques envahissantes en général, quelques documents anglais ou 34 autres langues …………………………………………………………………............. Fiche 3 : L’Ambroisie à feuilles d’armoise ( Ambrosia artemisiifolia L.)……………... 47 Fiche 4 : Le Baccharis ( Baccharis halimifolia )………………………………………... 56 Fiche 5 : L’Elodée dense ( Egeria densa Planch.)............................................................. 60 Fiche 6 : Les Elodées (Elodea spp) ……………………………………………………. 64 Fiche 7 : L’Hydrocotyle fausse renoncule ( Hydrocotyle ranunculoides L.f.) 70 Fiche 8 : Les Jussies ( Ludwigia spp.) ………………………………………………….. 73 Fiche 9 : Le Lagarosiphon ( Lagarosiphon major (Ridley) Moss)…………………….. 86 Fiche 10 : Le Myriophylle du Brésil ( Myriophyllum aquaticum (Vell.) Verdc.)……… 90 Fiche 11 : Les Renouées ( Fallopia spp.)……………………………………………… 93 Fiche 12 : Plusieurs noms d’espèces exotiques envahissantes dans un même titre de 103 document………………………………………………………………………………... 2 Synthèse bibliographique – LAMBERT E. – CEREA/UCO/Angers – GIS « Macrophytes des Eaux continentales » - Comité des Pays de la Loire/ Gestion des plantes exotiques envahissantes – 2è ed. complétée, décembre 2009. Introduction Vous trouverez ci-après une bibliographie qui sans être exhaustive, permet d’avoir un bon aperçu des travaux en cours, relatifs aux espèces végétales envahissantes. L’ensemble est découpé en 12 fiches qui sont chacune structurées selon les rubriques suivantes : Articles Brochures, plaquettes, dossiers de presse, notules (de nombreuses plaquettes sont recensées via les sites internet) Colloques, séminaires, actes de congrès, journées d’études Ouvrages ou chapitres, fascicules, guides Rapports, études, notes techniques Rapports de stagiaires, thèses, mémoires d’étudiants Textes de droit Sites internet (consultation revue et complétée, fin novembre 2009) Articles anglais ou autre langue. Les 2 premières fiches concernent les espèces exotiques envahissantes en général. Fiche 1 : Espèces exotiques envahissantes en général Fiche 2 : Espèces exotiques envahissantes en général, quelques documents anglais ou autres langues La première comprend les documents français, la seconde, les textes en anglais ou autres langues. La séparation en 2 fiches tient au fait que les textes en anglais étaient suffisamment nombreux pour qu’il soit nécessaire de les classer en fonction des rubriques ci-dessus. Les fiches 3 à 11 sont centrées sur certaines espèces : Fiche 3 : L’Ambroisie à feuilles d’armoise ( Ambrosia artemisiifolia L.) Fiche 4 : Le Baccharis ( Baccharis halimifolia L.) Fiche 5 : L’Elodée dense ( Egeria densa Planch.) Fiche 6 : Les Elodées ( Elodea spp.) Fiche 7 : L’Hydrocotyle fausse renoncule (Hydrocotyle ranunculoides L.f.) Fiche 8 : Les Jussies ( Ludwigia spp.) Fiche 9 : Le Lagarosiphon ( Lagarosiphon major (Ridley) Moss) Fiche 10 : Le Myriophylle du Brésil ( Myriophyllum aquaticum (Vell.) Verdc.) Fiche 11 : Les Renouées ( Fallopia spp.) Enfin, la fiche 12 correspond aux documents regroupant plusieurs espèces exotiques, dont certaines mentionnées précédemment. Fiche 12 : Plusieurs noms d’espèces exotiques envahissantes dans un même titre de document Afin d’éviter les redondances sur les différentes fiches, il est mentionné sur chaque fiche spécifique (3 à 11) de se reporter aussi aux fiches 1 – 2 et 12 afin d’avoir l’ensemble des données pouvant correspondre à une espèce. Mes remerciements vont à toutes les personnes qui, soit du Comité des Pays de la Loire/ Gestion des plantes exotiques envahissantes, soit du GIS « Macrophytes des eaux continentales », ont pris le temps de me transmettre les références bibliographiques dont ils pouvaient disposer afin de me permettre d’élaborer ce travail. 3 Synthèse bibliographique – LAMBERT E. – CEREA/UCO/Angers – GIS « Macrophytes des Eaux continentales » - Comité des Pays de la Loire/ Gestion des plantes exotiques envahissantes – 2è ed. complétée, décembre 2009. Fiche 1 : Espèces exotiques envahissantes en général Articles BARRE V., BIGAN M., GIRAL J., 2000. Devenir des populations animales et végétales introduites ou réintroduites : déclin ou prolifération ? De la connaissance scientifique à la gestion. Revue d’Ecologie n° 7 : 146 p. BOYER M., 2007. Les plantes invasives à la conquête des montagnes. Outils de la gestion de l'eau en montagne, ONEMA : 156-166. BRESCH C., PONCET C., ONESTO J.-P., 2009 - Evaluer le potentiel invasif de plantes ornementales en France méditerranéenne, PHM – Revue Horticole, n° 514 : 32-35 BRETAGNE ENVIRONNEMENT, 2004. Les espèces introduites invasives.
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