Look North Indigenous Economy Report, a Document a Signifi Cant Impact on the Provincial Economy
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Indigenous Economy Report Contributions of Northern Indigenous People to the Manitoba Economy INDIGENOUS ECONOMY REPORT PAGE A Indigenous Economy Report TABLE OF CONTENTS Message from Look North Steering Committee Co-Chairs 1 Message from Grand Chief Settee 2 Introduction 3 Indigenous People in the North: snapshot 4 Economic Impact Analysis: Input-Output Model Method 7 Key Findings 9 Comparisons to Provincial Indicators 10 Overall GDP for Northern Manitoba 11 Northern Indigenous Spending and Impacts 12 Urban Reserves in Northern Manitoba 16 Next Steps 17 Message from Look North Steering Committee Co-Chairs On behalf of the Look North Steering Committee, we are pleased to can state with pride and confi dence that Indigenous people have present the Look North Indigenous Economy Report, a document a signifi cant impact on the provincial economy. More importantly, that both reveals and affi rms the substantial contributions of it is through this knowledge and awareness that relationships and northern Indigenous enterprises and communities to the Manitoba partnerships with Indigenous communities can fl ourish, leading to economy. This summary is complementary to the full report, increased economic opportunities. Indigenous Contributions to the Manitoba Economy, which documents the contributions of all Indigenous people in Manitoba, As a place of natural and cultural riches, northern Manitoba is well- north and south. positioned as an opportunity for investment. As co-chairs of Look North, we are proud to support this initiative and the movement For the fi rst time, we are able to gain a better understanding of the to grow the economy in the north. Together we can unleash the economic contributions of Indigenous people in the north. We economic potential of northern Manitoba for generations to come. Christian Sinclair Chuck Davidson Look North Co-Chair Look North Co-Chair Onekanew (Chief) President & CEO Opaskwayak Cree Nation Manitoba Chambers of Commerce INDIGENOUS ECONOMY REPORT PAGE 1 Message from Grand Chief Settee On behalf of the MKO First Nations, I am pleased to share the In closing, I would like to acknowledge and thank the MKO First outcomes of the Look North Indigenous Economy Report. The Nations who participated, and who shared their experiences though fi ndings of this project looked at collecting publicly available data guided discussions to profi le the Urban Reserves in Manitoba and on First Nations economic activities, First Nations’ information across Canada as an economic development tool that benefi ts all related to employment, expenditures at the band, business, and parties involved. I would like to thank our federal and provincial household levels, investments in First Nation infrastructure, and partners who provided the fi nancial support for this research fi nancial support to Indigenous communities. The research report project. And, fi nally, thank you to the academic staff and researchers highlighted. who developed the research parameters and compiled the report. Ekosani. • The importance of on-reserve infrastructure investment to MKO First Nations’ ability to participate in the wider economy, and; Sincerely, • How expansion of MKO urban economic development zones is critical to community well being and prosperity for Manitoba in general. The report helps to frame discussions and initiatives by providing a baseline for Indigenous contributions to the economy, labour force data and future trends that can be used for capacity building and investment planning. I am optimistic for the future as our First Nations utilize the economic analysis contained in this report when Grand Chief Garrison Settee they meet with their counterparts within the municipal, provincial and federal governments to discuss our equal and full participation Manitoba Keewatinowi within the economies of Manitoba and Canada. Okimakanak Inc. INDIGENOUS ECONOMY REPORT PAGE 2 Introduction Northern Manitoba has a 10,000-year legacy of This report defines the North as Statistics Canada adventure and trade. It is a place where canoe PRIMARY OBJECTIVE census divisions 21, 22, and 23, which roughly and sled still run, where story and tradition is alive, correspond to the area north of the 53rd parallel. where people’s lives and livelihoods depend on • to quantify spending amounts by Indigenous working with, not against, Mother Nature. people in northern Manitoba in order to calculate their contributions to the provincial economy and With 67% of Manitoba’s land area and 6% of its the economy of the North population, northern Manitoba has been a long- term net contributor to the economic prosperity of SECONDARY OBJECTIVES all Manitoba, as the source of some of the province’s richest natural resources and tourism icons. • to calculate the GDP of northern Manitoba • to examine northern Manitoba’s existing urban In northern Manitoba, 73% of the population self- reserves, which are growing in importance as a identifies as Indigenous and 52% of the population revenue source for First Nations lives on a First Nation. And yet, little is known Census divisions • to create projections for First Nations population about how and how much Indigenous people are 21, 22 & 23 and labour force in the North contributing to the economy of the North and to all of Manitoba. While learning about Maori successes in New Zealand, the Look North Steering Committee Manitoba Keewatinowi Okimakanak Inc. (MKO) and realized that the role Indigenous people play in the Look North partnered with Brandon University’s Manitoba economy must be measured. Through Rural Development Institute (RDI) to research and hundreds of conversations with northerners, the document Indigenous economic contributions in 53rd parallel hunger for knowledge about the role of Indigenous Manitoba’s North. people in Manitoba’s North, in particular, became This summary is primarily based on a report clear. This desire for knowledge became the entitled “Indigenous Contributions to the Manitoba catalyst for this research project. Economy.” The Southern Chiefs’ Organization was a partner for the full report, which addresses the North and South of Manitoba. INDIGENOUS ECONOMY REPORT PAGE 3 Indigenous People in the North: snapshot Source: Statistics Canada, Aboriginal Population Profile, 2016 POPULATION ON OR OFF RE SERVE Northern Manitoba is a sparsely populated landscape that includes four off-grid First Nation of northerners are First Nations population living on or off reserve communities and many remote, fly-in communities. Indigenous. in the North, 2016 73% Higher cost of 15 living, traditional 10,090 Indigenous population in Manitoba’s North, Fly-in lifestyles, hunting, 2016 21% Communities gathering, trapping, fishing 50,000 47,510 37,420 45,000 Total Indigenous 79% On Reserve 40,000 Population: 35,000 52,350 Off Reserve 30,000 25,000 Total pop of North: 20,000 72,160 15,000 of northerners live 10,000 % 4,495 on a First Nation. 5,000 52 270 75 0 First Nations Métis Identified Inuit as 2 or more Approximately 6% of Metis people in the North live on reserve. 69% of Metis people and 100% of Norway House Cree Nation Pow Wow, Photo by Travel Manitoba Inuit people in Manitoba’s North live in Thompson, The Pas, Flin Flon, and Churchill. INDIGENOUS ECONOMY REPORT PAGE 4 AGE EDUCATION Size of age groups, First Nations population in the North, First Nations people in the North with post-secondary 2016 education, area of study, 2016 30000 27,925 Business, Management, 25000 or Public Health or a 59% Administration Health-related Field Other 20000 17,595 17% Construction, 15% Mechanics, 15% 15000 37% or Engineering 10000 24% Education 5000 1,990 Personal, Culinary, Security, or Transportation Services 4% 16% 0 13% 0 - 14 15 - 64 65+ Métis people in the North with post-secondary education, Size of age groups, Métis population in the North, 2016 area of study, 2016 3,500 3,040 Other 3,000 12% 2,500 68% Construction, Business, Mechanics, Management, Health or a 2,000 or or Public Health-related Engineering Administration Field Personal, 1,500 1,160 Culinary, 29% 21% 20% Security, Education or 1,000 Transportation 26% Services 8% 500 295 7% 10% 0 0 - 14 15 - 64 65+ INDIGENOUS ECONOMY REPORT PAGE 5 INCOME LABOUR Median employment income for full-year, full-time workers Industries of employment, First Nations population in the in the North, 2015 North, 2016 $70,000 $62,490 $60,000 $52,443 Public Administration Construction $50,000 Health or a $39,352 Other Health-related $40,000 $35,822 Industries Field Education 14% 10% $30,000 30% 19% 18% $20,000 Retail Trade $10,000 9% $0 First Nations Métis Indigenous All Northern Combined Manitoba Industries of employment, Métis population in the North, 2016 Health Care Mining, Quarrying, & Social Oil & Gas Extraction Assistance 11% 16% Other Industries Accommodation 43% & Food Retail Trade Services Education 10% 9% 11% Photo by Travel Manitoba INDIGENOUS ECONOMY REPORT PAGE 6 Population & Labour Force, Indigenous population in the Employment rate: the percent of people aged 15 and up who North, 2016 are employed 35000 33,480 Unemployment rate: out of all the people who are employed or unemployed (but looking for a job), the percent that are 30000 unemployed 25000 Participation rate: the percent of the population aged 15 & up that is either employed or unemployed but looking for work. 20000 16,375 15000 3,515 Unemployed LOOKING FORWARD, 2016 TO 2026 10000 The First Nations population in the North is projected to 12,855 Employed 5000 • increase by 16% over the ten-year period, 0 • see an increase of 32% in those aged 15 and up, and Population Aged Labour Force • see an increase of 10% in the labour force. 15 & Up 60,000 Labour force: those employed or unemployed but looking for work 50,000 55,123 47,510 40,000 Employment, Unemployment, and Participation rates, 39,461 Indigenous Population in the North, 2016 30,000 49% 29,925 50% 20,000 15,333 40% 38% 10,000 13,880 0 30% 22% 2016 2026 20% Total Population Population 15 & Up Labour Force 10% The unemployment rate of First Nations in the North is projected 0% to decrease slightly from 24% to 22% by 2026.